This paper was seleced Qingyuan as a case study, in order to analyze Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr concentrations of the soil samples. And used the Hakanson potential ecological risk index method to assess the potential ecological risks of concentrations of heavy metals in soil. The results shows that the average concentration of Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr in soil is 6.45, 0.26, 20.25, 119.11, 181.67, 189.22, 0.27, 32.92, 201.35 mg•kg-1 respectively. The rank by severity of ecological risk as Hg > Cu > Pb > As > Cr > Cd > Ni > Zn, based on their single-element indexes. Heavy metals in several samples of the soil have posed a serious threat on the ecosystem.