Hair Loss Research Articles

Capsaicin ameliorates chemotherapy response via cancer hallmarks modulation: an overview of its synergic potential

IntroductionCancer is a disease caused by genetic changes and disordered cell growth with high incidences over the years. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy act on cells that are in constant cell division, however, frequently they are not selective to cancer cells and can damage healthy cells. For this reason, side effects such as nausea, dizziness, hair loss, weight loss, and fatigue are reported by patients. Moreover, some cancers present resistance to chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, studies focus on functional and natural products, especially those rich in bioactive compounds, such as capsaicin, could be used as chemotherapy adjuvant to improve treatment response and decrease side effects. MethodsIn this scenario, we conducted a review with 75 articles regarding the anticancer activity and chemotherapy response improvement of capsaicin via cancer hallmark modulation. Results/DiscussionIn this scenario, we reviewed the anticancer activity and chemotherapy response improvement of capsaicin via cancer hallmark modulation. This natural bioactive molecule ameliorates chemotherapy response by several cancer pathway regulations. ConclusionsThis review was able to show that capsaicin has a remarkable effect as an adjuvant to improve chemotherapy and reduce side effects.

Thoughts on "Dermatologists' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Pattern Toward Low-Dose Oral Minoxidil in Hair Loss in Saudi Arabia" [Letter].

Thoughts on "Dermatologists' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Pattern Toward Low-Dose Oral Minoxidil in Hair Loss in Saudi Arabia" [Letter].

Transient stimulation of TRPMLs enhance the functionality of hDPCs and facilitate hair growth in mice

Autophagy is essential for eliminating aging and organelle damage that maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, the dysfunction of autophagy has been proven in hair loss such as AGA. Despite the crucial role of TRPML channels in regulating autophagy, their specific function in hair growth remains unclarified. To investigate the biological functions and associated molecular mechanisms of TRPMLs in hair growth, Animal experiments were conducted to confirm the function of TRLMLs activation in promoting hair growth. Subsequently, we analyzed molecular mechanisms in human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) activated by TRPMLs through transcriptome sequencing analysis. MLSA1(a TRPML agonist) promoted hair regeneration and accelerated hair cycle transition in mice. The activation of TRPMLs upregulated calcium signaling inducing hDPCs to secrete hair growth promoting factors and decrease hair growth inhibiting factors. In addition, activation of TRPMLs triggered autophagy and reduced the generation of ROS, thereby delaying the senescence of hDPCs. All these findings suggested that TRPMLs activation could promote hair growth by regulating hDPCs secretion of hair growth-related factors. Moreover, it may play a prominent role in preventing hDPCs from ROS damage induced by H2O2 or DHT. Targeting TRPMLs may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treating hair loss.

Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of female pattern hair loss.

Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most prevalent type of alopecia among adult women. Presently, topical minoxidil stands as the sole treatment endorsed by the FDA. Addressing cases of FPHL in individuals who develop contact dermatitis in response to minoxidil can pose a challenge for dermatologists. To assess the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous injections of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTA) in treating FPHL. Enrolled outpatients with FPHL who exhibited an allergic reaction to minoxidil solution. Diagnosis of FPHL was established through clinical examination and trichoscopy. Inclusion criteria involved patients with no prior treatment within the last year and without any comorbidities. BTA, specifically 100 units, was mixed with 2mL of 0.9% normal saline. Twenty injection target sites, spaced 2-3cm apart, were symmetrically marked on the hairless area of the scalp. A dosage of five units was intradermally injected at each target site. Representative photographs and dermoscopic images of the scalp were captured before and after 3months of treatment. A total of 10 FPHL, aged between 26 and 40years, were included. The average age was 30.3±4.64years, and all patients had a positive family history of Androgenetic Alopecia. The average duration of the disease was 3.70±1.42years. According to patients' self-assessment, after 1month of treatment, 10 FPHL patients reported experiencing moderate to marked improvement in symptoms related to scalp oil secretion. Three months later, dermatological assessments showed that three had mild improvement, six had no change, and one had a worsening condition. No adverse effects were observed. Our study suggests that the effectiveness of BTA for FPHL is limited to 3months. However, it can be considered for tentative use after effective communication with patients. The long-term efficacy and safety of BTA in treating FPHL require further observation and study.

Piperine reduces hair oiliness by inhibiting adipogenesis of hair stem cells

Piperine, an alkaloid compound in black pepper (Piper nigrum), has beneficial bioactivities. Specifically, piperine inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells by suppressing the transcriptional activity of PPARγ. Control of hair oiliness, which is related to adipogenic regulation, is important to prevent hair loss. Excessive sebum from the sebaceous gland (SG) can cause acne, folliculitis, or irritated skin by clogging pores. To investigate the in vivo function of piperine in SG, we used mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The HFD increased the size and Oil Red O (ORO) staining intensity of SG, which were significantly reduced by piperine. The HFD also upregulated the expression of sebocyte-associated genes, including PPARγ target genes, an effect reversed by piperine. In CD34/CD49f double-positive hair follicle bulge stem cells isolated from mouse vibrissae, piperine inhibited cellular adipogenesis, likely via transcriptional repression of related genes. Furthermore, piperine reduced the thickness of subcutaneous fat. In human dermal papilla cells, piperine inhibited cellular adipogenesis, as shown by the reduction in ORO staining and the downregulation of PPARγ target genes. In conclusion, piperine can be used to reduce hair greasiness by suppressing adipogenesis in hair stem cells.

Characterization of distinct microbiota associated with androgenetic alopecia patients treated and untreated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss in men, and there are many studies on the treatment of hair loss by platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The human scalp contains a huge microbiome, but its role in the process of hair loss remains unclear, and the relationship between PRP and the microbiome needs further study. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PRP treatment on scalp microbiota composition. We performed PRP treatment on 14 patients with AGA, observed their clinical efficacy, and collected scalp swab samples before and after treatment. The scalp microflora of AGA patients before and after treatment was characterized by amplifying the V3-V4 region of the 16 s RNA gene and sequencing for bacterial identification. The results showed that PRP was effective in the treatment of AGA patients, and the hair growth increased significantly. The results of relative abundance analysis of microbiota showed that after treatment, g_Cutibacterium increased and g_Staphylococcus decreased, which played a stable role in scalp microbiota. In addition, g_Lawsonella decreased, indicating that the scalp oil production decreased after treatment. The findings suggest that PRP may play a role in treating AGA through scalp microbiome rebalancing.

Effect of minoxidil combined with triamcinolone acetonide on alopecia areata by microneedle injection.

Alopecia areata (AA) is often characterized by sudden onset of patchy hair loss. Topical corticosteroid injection is the most common treatment. This study retrospectively observed the clinical efficacy of microneedle minoxidil combined with triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of AA. A total of 230 patients with AA were selected. The experimental group (n=120) received physician training and home microneedle treatment with minoxidil combined with triamcinolone acetonide once a week. Topical minoxidil and triamcinolone acetonide were used twice daily at other times. The control group (n=110) was treated with minoxidil combined with triamcinolone acetonide, twice a day. Cure rate, response rate, SALT, dermatological Quality of Life Index (DLQI), visual analogue (VAS), and cost were assessed at weeks 4 and 12. Treated group SALT score(Severity of Alopecia Tool)remarkable lower than control group after treated 4 and 12weeks. After 12weeks treatment, DLQI score of the treated group (1.8±1.67) were significantly lower than those of the control group (2.45±1.88) (p<0.05). VAS score and adverse reaction between two group showed no significant different (p=0.823, p=0.484 respectively). The total cost was 53.93±15.85 in the treatment group and 53.26±11.51 in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.72). In the treated group, the complete response rate (CR: 78.33%) and total effective rate (CR+PR: 95%) were significantly higher than those in the control group (CR: 40.91% and CR+PR: 51.82%), with statistically significant differences (p<0.001). Microneedle introduction of minoxidil and triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of AA is a safe, effective, economical, and convenient method, with few adverse reactions, and has a good application prospect.

Achalasia and hyperthyroidism: A co-occurrence revealing autoimmune connections

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder characterized by an unknown etiology, myenteric inflammation, and autoimmune markers. We present a case of a 43-year-old female with progressive dysphagia, regurgitation, generalized weakness, and hair loss. Despite normal cranial nerves and normal laboratory values, upper GI endoscopy revealed pangastritis, while manometry indicated type 2 achalasia cardia. The patient underwent laparoscopic Heller's myotomy for achalasia and received treatment for hyperthyroidism. The discussion explores the autoimmune aspects of achalasia and its rare association with hyperthyroidism. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Utilising SNP Association Analysis as a Prospective Approach for Personalising Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent, multifactorial form of hair loss involving complex aetiological factors, such as altered androgen regulation and energy metabolism. Existing treatments offer limited success, thus highlighting the need for advanced, personalised therapeutic strategies. This study focuses on correlating the genetic mechanisms of AGA with molecular targets involved in the response to current treatment modalities. An anonymised database including 26,607 patients was subjected to analysis. The dataset included information on patients' genotypes in 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), specifically, and diagnosed AGA grades, representing a broad range of ethnic backgrounds. In our sample, 64.6% of males and 35.4% of females were diagnosed with female pattern hair loss. This distribution aligns well with prior studies, thus validating the representativeness of our dataset. AGA grading was classified using the Hamilton-Norwood and Ludwig scales, although no association was found to the grade of the disease. SNP association analysis revealed eight SNPs, namely rs13283456 (PTGES2), rs523349 (SRD5A2), rs1800012 (COL1A1), rs4343 (ACE), rs10782665 (PTGFR), rs533116 (PTGDR2), rs12724719 (CRABP2) and rs545659 (PTGDR2), to be statistically significant with a p-value below 0.05. The study establishes a preliminary association between eight specific SNPs and AGA. These genetic markers offer insights into the variability of therapeutic responses, thus underlining the importance of personalised treatment approaches. Our findings show the potential for more targeted research to understand these SNPs' and further roles in AGA pathophysiology and in modulating treatment response.

Evaluation of CoVid-19 infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using biochemical markers.

The evaluation of infection rate for CoVid-19 cases among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using haematological parameters is of interest. Data such as age, gender, occupation, location, signs and symptoms, length of symptoms, date of sample collection and report generation, status of vaccinations, and outcome available in the database was used in this analysis. Ferritin levels, D-dimer values, CRP, troponin-1 levels and platelet count of each CoVid-19 patient were recorded and analysed. Data shows that maximum number of cases was reported during the second wave 143 (51.07%). The common age group affected was 31-40 years 28.56%. The common symptom identified was weakness in arms and legs among the unvaccinated group of CoVid-19 positive group. However, common symptom identified was fatigue (87%) among those who received only the first dose of CoVid vaccine. Nonetheless, the symptom identified was hair loss (68%) among those who received both the doses of CoVid vaccine. Thus, data shows that people do experience severe and life-threatening COVID-19 infection despite receiving the vaccination. Nonetheless, the infection is mild and very few individuals require hospitalization. No deaths are reported in the group that received the vaccination. This is in contrast to the unvaccinated group, which had a severe CoVid-19 infection with few deaths reported.

Haircare treatment on albino rats by using “rosemary oil

Rosemary oil, derived from the aromatic herb Rosmarinus officinalis, has gained significant attention as a potential remedy for promoting hair growth. With a rich history in traditional medicine and an array of bioactive compounds, rosemary oil has emerged as a natural alternative in the quest for healthy and vibrant hair. This introduction explores the key constituents of rosemary oil, its historical use, and the growing body of scientific evidence supporting its efficacy in stimulating hair growth. A comparative analysis of minoxidil and rosemary oil for hair growth reveals distinct mechanisms and potential benefits associated with each. Minoxidil, a synthetic compound, is a vasodilator that widens blood vessels, enhancing blood flow to hair follicles. This increased blood circulation is thought to stimulate hair growth. In contrast, rosemary oil, a natural remedy, contains bioactive compounds like ursolic acid and rosmarinic acid, which exhibit antioxidant properties and may contribute to improved cellular health in hair follicles. While both minoxidil and rosemary oil have shown efficacy in certain studies, minoxidil' oil. Pharmaceutical nature often positions it as a standard topical treatment for hair loss. Rosemary oil, on the other hand, is considered a botanical alternative, appealing to those seeking natural remedies. However, comprehensive clinical trials comparing the long-term effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of these treatments are still limited.

Androgenetic Alopecia: update on Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

Alopecia means loss of hair. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) now called as patterned hair loss (male pattern hair loss; MPHL, female pattern hair loss; FPHL) is caused by androgens in a predisposed individual. It is modulated by factors like age, sex, genes, smoking, and alcohol. If untreated this leads to psychological problems like stress, anxiety, depression and decrease self-confidence which affect quality of life. A thorough clinical examination and a certain hormonal estimation could reveal levels of androgens, hyperandrogenism, adrenal hyperplasia, (PCOS) polycystic ovarian syndrome, and ovarian/adrenal tumors. A simple Trichoscopy could show the typical picture of hair miniaturization commonly seen in this condition. Finally, a biopsy of the scalp could help in clinching conclusive diagnosis. Out of the many treatments at our disposal, the non-pharmacologic methods like temporary camouflage techniques, synthetic hair wigs, hair-thickening fibers, hair weaving, pigmented powders are useful. Semi-permanent options like scalp micro-pigmentation (thorough tattooing) are useful to enhance appearances. Presently the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) approved pharmacologic treatments are Minoxidil and Finasteride. The non-USFDA approved methods of treatments like various surgical procedures {[hair transplantation]: follicular unit transplantation (FUT), follicular unit extraction (FUE), microneedling, light therapy, indigenous medicines, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)}, and various loco-regional hair care practices are in vogue. The outcome of this review is to offer the latest update and insights into the newer novel therapies in patterned hair loss. Also, the patients could enhance their knowledge about the condition, the benefits and prognosis of each treatment.

Design and analysis of herbal hair oil

The significance of herbal hair oil for the longevity of hair health is highlighted in this study. Hair care products applied to the hair to cure hair issues include herbal hair oil. A vital component of natural cosmetics is herbal hair oil. The goals of herbal hair oil are discussed in this article, along with how it may improve hair health, control frizz, prevent hair loss, and more. This focuses on the components that are frequently used to make herbal hair oil, such as coconut oil, sesame oil, mustard oil, and other herbal ingredients. Herbal hair oil is more in demand and utilized for several hair conditions.

Estimation of health utility values for alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune-mediated inflammatory dermatological disease characterised by non-scarring hair loss affecting the scalp and sometimes other hair-bearing sites. This study aimed to elicit health state utility values (HSUVs) from the UK general population for AA using time trade off (TTO) interviews. Vignette descriptions of health states defined by the extent of hair loss were developed (as well as one describing caregiver burden). These were developed using data from standardised patient reported outcome (PRO) measures, a literature review and qualitative interviews. Health states were defined based on the severity of alopecia tool (SALT), which assesses extensiveness of scalp hair loss. HSUVs were then elicited for each health state in TTO interviews with the UK public. One caregiver and five patient health states were developed based on the literature review findings, clinical trial PRO (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Alopecia Areata Patient Priority Outcomes Questionnaire) data and qualitative interviews with patients (N = 11), clinical experts (N = 4) and caregivers of adolescents with AA (N = 10). These data showed a more severe impact among patients with more extensive hair loss. One hundred and twenty participants evaluated the vignettes in TTO interviews. Patient HSUVs ranged from 0.502 for the most extensive hair loss health state (SALT 50-100 + eyebrow and eyelash loss) to 0.919 (SALT 0-10) for the mildest health state. The caregiver HSUV was 0.882. Quantitative and qualitative data sources were used to develop and validate vignettes describing different AA health states. Patient and caregiver HSUVs demonstrate a large impact associated with AA, especially for states defined by more extensive hair loss.

Evaluation of Derma Genie™-H001 as a Functional Cosmetic Ingredient for Hair Loss Improvement: Assessing Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidative, Photoprotective, Antiandrogenic, and Hair Growth-Inductive Effects

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the potential of Derma Genie™-H001 as a functional cosmetic ingredient for alleviating hair loss symptoms by evaluating its impact on anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, photoprotective, antiandrogenicity, and activation of hair growth-related gene expression. Methods: We employed various methods, including nitric oxide (NO) assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR, to estimate anti-inflammatory activities). Additionally, this study assessed antioxidative and photoprotective effects on human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) using water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay, 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, and ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiation assay. To investigate the anti-hair loss effects of Derma Genie™-H001, 3D spheroid culture and qRT-PCR were conducted. Results: Derma Genie™-H001 exhibited the characteristics of polyphenols and demonstrated 2,2-dipheny-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Importantly, it showed no cytotoxicity on HDPCs and increased the diameter of HDPCs 3D spheroid. Inflammatory mediators such as NO and proinflammatory cytokines were reduced in a dose-dependent manner in Raw 264.7 cells treated with Derma Genie™. Moreover, Derma Genie™ exhibited substantial protective effects against hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and UVB-induced cytotoxicity in HDPCs. Notably, qRT-PCR analysis revealed a decrease in the expression of genes related to hair loss and an increase in the expression of genes associated with hair growth in HDPCs treated with Derma Genie™. Conclusion: Derma Genie™-H001 demonstrated promising effects in mitigating LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-induced cytotoxicity, UVB-induced cytotoxicity, and DHT-induced TGF-β1 expression. Furthermore, it significantly upregulated the expression of hair growth-related genes. These findings suggest that Derma Genie™ may serve as a valuable functional cosmetic ingredient for improving hair loss symptoms.

Trichoscopy of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia, the most common cause of non-scarring hair loss, is a consequence of the gradual miniaturization of the hair follicles. In the majority of male androgenetic alopecia cases, a patient's history and clinical evaluation may be sufficient to establish the diagnosis, while for women, they should be supplemented with trichoscopy. Methods: The PubMed and Scopus databases were used to collate published studies and to analyze the most typical trichoscopic findings in patients diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia. A total of 34 articles were retrieved after exclusion. Results: The most common features identified using trichoscopy included hair diameter variability (94.07% of patients), vellus hairs (66.45%) and the peripilar sign (43.27%). Others, such as the honeycomb pattern, yellow and white dots, were less relevant. Conclusions: We concluded that hair diameter variability, vellus hairs and the peripilar sign represented valuable indicators for the diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia.

Ayurveda &amp; Bioactives as Adjuvant for Dna Modulation in Cancer Treatment &amp; Adverse Drug Reaction [ADR] – A Glimpse of Traditional Indian Nanotechnology

Bioactives such as Curcumin and Quercetin and herbs such as “Tulsi”/ Holy basil [_Occimum sanctum_ L.] can provide relief from Adverse drug reaction [ADR] caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. About 50% patients face moderate ADR issues such as nausea, vomiting, headache, and fewer [20-30%] serious ones [hair loss, loss of fertility and immunity]. The growing recurrence or resistance of cancers to chemotherapy and antimicrobial resistance [AMR] are other emerging challenges in addressing the global cancer burden, among the top causes of death. Two targets of herbal/ bioactive actions include topoisomerase that affects cell replication and telomere length and it may reduce resistance/ recurrence also. Patients with special conditions the old, children and less developed countries with low health budgets can especially develop from it.

Progeria: Unraveling the Premature Aging Puzzle

Progeria is a rare genetic disorder that accelerates the aging process in affected children. This review provides acomprehensive overview of Progeria, including its clinical manifestations, genetic basis, molecular mechanisms,diagnostic methods, current treatments, and ongoing research efforts. Understanding Progeria is vital for advancingboth our knowledge of aging processes and potential therapeutic strategies. Progeria (pro-JEER-e-uh), also knownas HGPS, is an extremely rare, progressive genetic disorder. It reasons children to age rapidly, preliminary in theirfirst two years of life. Children with progeria usually appear healthy at birth. Throughout the first year, symptomssuch as slowed growth, loss of fat tissue and hair loss begin to appear. Heart complications or strokes are the finalcause of death in most children with progeria. The usual life expectancy for a child with progeria is about 15 years.Some with the condition may die younger and others may live longer, even to about 20 years. There’s no cure forprogeria, but new treatments and research show some potential for managing symptoms and complications.

Determination of bariatric surgery outcomes: prospective study

Aims: Obesity and related problems are an important health problem whose prevalence has increased in recent years. Bariatric surgery is one of the accepted clinical treatment methods for obesity. However, the obesity-related problems that bariatric surgery corrects and the problems it causes are not clear.The aim of the study is to determine the recovery status and problems experienced in obesity and related problems in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. Methods:185 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery participated in the study. A 24-question data collection form, prepared by the researchers in line with the literature and including sociodemographic data, pre- and post-operative weight changes, problems experienced due to obesity, problems resolved after surgery, and problems experienced due to surgery, was used. Results: It was determined that 18.4% (n=34) experienced postoperative complications. most common problems are hair loss (66.4%) and vitamin deficiency (55.1%) after surgery. 74% of individuals reported taking vitamin supplements. After the surgery, it was found that most of the individuals (41.37%; n=12) had gallbladder surgery. After the surgery, individuals reported improvement in symptoms related to psychological (60.5%), joint (48.6%), eating and respiratory problems (46.4%; 43.2%). When the type of surgery was compared with revision surgery, presence of complications, postoperative psychological support, and vitamin supplement use, no statistically significant relationship was found (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Our research shows that it is important to monitor the long-term health status of individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery.

Baricitinib Demonstrates Rapid Action Within Just 2 Months of Treatment in Severe and Unresponsive Alopecia Areata: A Case Report

Alopecia areata (AA) is a form of nonscarring alopecia, and is the most common immune-mediated cause of hair loss worldwide. Numerous therapeutic schedules available as off-label options have demonstrated only limited results. However, in 2022, baricitinib, a selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, was approved as an oral administered systemic therapy for severe AA. Based on this, the authors used it in a 21-year-old White female, who presented with a 15-year history of severe AA (Severity of Alopecia Tool score [SALT]: score 88) and immense psychological burden. After laboratory examinations within normal limits, baricitinib was administered as monotherapy with a 4 mg daily dosage. The severe AA improved rapidly after the first month, and resulted in total hair restoration just after the second month under baricitinib treatment. Besides clinical improvement, SALT score impressively reduced to 30 and 10, respectively, in 2 and 6 months. Six months later, the patient is keeping up the same treatment with no sign of relapse, and is on a 2-month follow-up schedule. In the authors’ patient, almost total hair restoration was achieved in less than 3 months of treatment, which strongly advocates for the addition of baricitinib in the dermatologic armament as a safe, adequate, and fast AA remedy.