Haemato-biochemical Changes Research Articles

Sub-chronic Indoxacarb-induced haemato-biochemical and histopathological changes in rats

Sub-chronic Indoxacarb-induced haemato-biochemical and histopathological changes in rats

Comparison the effects of animal fat (ghee) with that of vegetable fat (dalda) in respect to hemato-biochemical parameters in mice

The experiment was conducted to compare the effects of animal fat (ghee) and vegetable fat (dalda) in respect to hemato-biochemical changes in mice. A total of twenty one, 45 days old (Swiss Albino) mice were randomly divided into three equal experimental groups as A, B and C (n=7). Group A was considered as control and fed only broiler pellet, group B was fed broiler pellet with ghee (25 gm/1000 gm feed) and group C was fed broiler pellet with dalda (25 gm/1000 gm feed) respectively. At day 40, all mice were sacrificed to collect blood for hematological parameters where blood profile was analyzed by biochemical tests. Total erythrocyte counts were significantly (p<0.05) higher in ghee and dalda supplemented mice (B: 8.99±.34 million/cu. mm. and C: 8.27±.43 million/cu.mm.) compared to control group (A: 7.49±.22 million/cu.mm.). The significantly (P<0.05) higher hemoglobin concentration was recorded in ghee supplemented group B (9.02±.18 gm/dl) than other groups and control group A showed lowest value (7.59±.52 gm/dl). In Blood profile analysis, serum cholesterol and HDL value were higher in ghee and dalda supplemented group than control group. On the other hand triglyceride value was significantly (P<0.05) lower in control group (A: 44±4.58 mg/dl) than ghee and dalda supplemented group (B: 80.33±2.51 mg/dl, C: 71.2±4.26 mg/dl). The study suggests that ghee and dalda supplementation with regular diet would be able to significantly increase cholesterol and triglyceride in mice.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2018, 4(2): 222-226

Molecular diagnosis and haemato-biochemical changes in Anaplasma marginale infected dairy cattle

The present study was a undertaken to diagnose Anaplasma marginale in naturally infected crossbred cows and to determine its effect on haemato-biochemical profile. Blood samples were collected from animals (200) for detection of the rickettsial organism by direct smear and direct blood PCR based techniques targeting the major surface protein 5 (MSP-5). Direct blood PCR revealed a 382-bp amplified fragment in positive control samples. When random blood samples were screened under light microscope and direct blood PCR method, 7.5% of samples were positive under microscopic examination whereas PCR analysis revealed 10.5% samples positive for A. marginale. The infected group (25) showed significantly decreased levels of TEC, Hb and PCV than healthy control animals. However, differences in the red blood cell indices were non-significant indicating normocytic normochromic anaemia in affected crossbred cattle. Serum samples (25) of infected cows showed significantly higher values of ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine and TBIL than that of healthy control. A significant decrease of TSP and albumin was also recorded in the infected cows compared to healthy control. The standardized PCR method of the present investigation may be useful for rapid and accurate diagnosis of A. marginale in subclinical/carrier animals as the whole blood could be directly used. Haemato-biochemical studies concluded that anaemia and erythrophagocytosis are considered to be the major components of this disease and adversely affect liver and soft tissue of the affected animals.

Haemato-biochemical studies of dogs with haemorrhage-induced dehydration

Factors that contribute to water loss in tropical animals are complex and constantly changing. To evaluate the haemato-biochemical parameters of dogs with haemorrhage-induced dehydration. A total of 12 dogs were used; haemorrhage was induced by daily removal of 10 ml of blood over a period of 28 days and analysed at the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U.), Zaria, Nigeria. Dehydration was clinically assessed. Age, sex, body weight and generalised body condition of the animals were determined. Whole blood was collected for determination of haematological parameters. Serum was prepared from whole blood to determine the concentrations of urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, glucose, sodium, calcium, chloride, phosphorus, potassium, bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine ratio and anion gap (AG) as well as serum activities of liver enzymes. Reductions in body weight (1.67 kg, 2.17 kg and 3.17 kg) due to degrees of dehydration were observed on days 14, 21 and 28. Significantly higher values of packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration (P < 0.01) due to dehydration was observed between days 0 and 14, also between days 0 and 28. Higher concentrations of urea, creatinine (P < 0.01), BUN/creatinine, total protein, albumin and urine specific gravity (P < 0.05) were observed between day 0 and days 14, 21 and 28. This study is the first to report the haemato-biochemical changes of Nigerian local dogs with haemorrhage-induced dehydration. The study did not investigate the role of type of diet on dehydration, and it is recommended that future studies should be carried out to elucidate this.

Haemato-biochemical changes in dogs infected with Babesia sp.

Haemato-biochemical changes in dogs infected with Babesia sp.

Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Staphylococcal Species Induced Mastitis in Mouse Model

In this study, haemato-biochemical changes in mouse mastitis by inoculating Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. chromogenes, S. haemolyticus and S. Aureus isolated from bovine milk was studied. Blood was collected by intracardiac route at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Haematological changes noticed were: white blood cells (WBC) decreased in S. haemolyticus and S. chromogenes at 48 h; S. haemolyticus and S. aureus at 96 h. S. haemolyticus showed increased lymphocyte at 24 and 48 h and in S. aureus at 48 h. Neutrophil was decreased in S. haemolyticus and S. aureus group. Glucose increased at 6 h with three Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CNS) species and S. aureus. Glucose and total protein increased in S. chromogenes infected mice. Globulin levels showed decrease in S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Albumin globulin ratio showed decreasing trend in S. chromogenes and S. haemolyticus inoculated mice. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level increased at 6 and 12 h in all infected groups. Alanine aminotransferase increased at 12 and 48 h in S. chromogenes and S. aureus respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased at 6 h in all the infected mice. Thus, three CNS species induced haemato-biochemical changes in haemoglobin, WBC, neutrophil, glucose, total protein, AST and LDH which may be used as indicators for diagnosis of CNS species mastitis in mice. Keywords: Staphylococcus species, mouse mastitis, haemato-biochemical changes Cite this Article Krishnamoorthy P, Satyanarayana ML, Shome BR, et al. Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Staphylococcal Species induced Mastitis in Mouse Model + . Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2015; 4(3): 8–14p.

Clinico-pathological studies on black quarter in cattle

The present study was conducted on 42 clinical cases of black quarter in cattle to study the haemato-biochemical, gross and histopathological changes. The haemato-biochemical changes observed in affected animals included significant increase in absolute granulocyte count, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and creatinine kinase as compared to healthy control indicating muscular damage. The gross lesions were excessive bloated appearance of carcass immediately after death along with crepitating or non-crepitating swelling primarily at different sites viz. hind quarter, shoulder and neck region etc. On incision, the swelling showed oozing of dark red fluid with bubbles with rancid odour. The affected muscles were dark red in colour with sponge like appearance frequently with presence of gas bubbles indicating necrotizing hemorrhagic myositis. The spleen was frequently moderately enlarged and showed mushy appearance. The important histopathological lesions observed in affected skeletal muscles were extensive haemorrhages and marked inflammatory response predominantly containing neutrophilic infiltration in spaces between muscle fibers indicating haemorrhagic necrotizing myositis leading to architectural disruption of myofibrils. Focal coagulative necrosis of muscle bundles also observed. Frequently, many empty spaces within muscle bundles were evident indicating presence of gas bubbles (emphysema) and edema. In conclusion, the findings like granulocytosis, lymphocytopenia, anemia, elevated levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and creatinine kinase can be used as marker hemato-biochmical parameters for preliminary clinical diagnosis of black quarter in conjunction with other important parameters like clinical signs, conventional and molecular techniques for detection of causative agent, gross and histopathological changes.

Haemato-biochemical changes following inhalational exposure to commercial grade pyrethroid mixture in male Wistar rats

Introduction: Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used for control of insects such as ticks and flies which may act as disease vectors. During usage, these pyrethroids are absorbed not only by the target parasites but also by the host. We investigated the haematological and some biochemical changes that may occur as a result of daily exposure to pyrethroids via inhalation for seven days in male Wistar rats at varying concentrations. Methods: A total of sixteen male Wistar rats used for this investigation were divided into four groups: A-D. Group A served as the control unexposed while groups B-D were exposed to 0.04; 0.08 and 0.16mg/ml of pyrethroid (0.05% imiprothrin, 0.05% prallethrin and 0.015% cyfluthrin) respectively daily for seven days. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in packed cell volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and haemoglobin concentrations, while there was also a significant increase (p &lt; 0.05) in activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase while protein, creatinine and urea concentrations were equally elevated. Significance: Repeated exposure to pyrethroid continuously over a period of seven days resulted in alteration of haematological and biochemical parameters predisposing the rats to microcytic hypochromic anaemia and perturbation of protein metabolism.

Clinical, Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Cattle with Theileria orientalis Infection

Clinical, Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Cattle with Theileria orientalis Infection

Erythrocytic Oxidative Stress and Haemato-biochemical Changes in Cattle, Affected with Bovine Tropical Theileriosis

Bovine Tropical Theileriosis (BTT) is caused by blood protozoa Theileria annulata in cattle, which causes high mortality among the animals and impacts huge economic losses to the farmers. It decreases the milk yield and impairs reproductive performances. Measurement of erythrocytic oxidative stress is a need of hour for effective treatment and management of this disease now a day. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes of cattle infected with the intra erythrocytic protozoa results in increased fragility and membrane lysis of erythrocytes which is the major concern of this study. A group of 10 cattle affected with bovine tropical theileriosis were taken as Group II along with another 10 animals (apparently healthy animal) as Group I. The erythrocytic oxidative stress indices along with the haemato-biochemical parameters were measured for both the groups. It was found that there was significant increase (p

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Clinicopathological alterations in naturally occurring Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs of Middle-South Gujarat, India.

Aim:The present research work was undertaken to describe various clinical signs and hematobiochemical alterations in dogs affected with Babesia gibsoni.Materials and Methods:Blood smears from a total of 79 suspected dogs of Anand region as well as Surat region of Gujarat state (India) were screened for detection of intraerythrocytic piroplasm of small form of Babesia. Diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical signs and demonstration of B. gibsoni organism in Giemsa-stained thin blood smears. The clinical signs were recorded at the time of presentation, and blood samples were subjected to estimation of hematobiochemical parameters by auto hematology analyzers at College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand. Statistical analysis, interpretation, and comparison of hematobiochemical changes with scientific literature were carried out to understand the pathophysiology of the disease.Results:Out of 79 dogs, 16 were positive for naturally occurring babesiosis based on the presence of intraerythrocytic piroplasm of small form of Babesia in blood smears. The clinical cases were manifested by wide variety of non-specific clinical signs. The hematological evaluation revealed that the mean values of hemoglobin and total erythrocyte counts in dogs with babesiosis decreased significantly (p<0.01) in comparison to healthy dogs. Among differential leukocyte count, mean values of neutrophils and eosinophils increased while lymphocytes decreased (p<0.01) in dogs with babesiosis in comparison to healthy dogs. Serum biochemistry revealed increase (p<0.01) value of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and globulin as well as decrease in albumin levels (p<0.05) in dogs with babesiosis as compared to healthy dogs.Conclusion:B. gibsoni is having multisystemic effects with atypical hematobiochemical changes in dog are discussed here, which would aid new insights in diagnosis of disease.

Interaction between Marbofloxacin and Flunixin in Treatment of Pneumonia in Lambs

Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 100 lambs aging 9 -12 months (30 healthy and 70 pneumonic lambs for bacteriological examination. Overall, 25% were positive for P multocida. Antibiogram study of the isolates revealed that marbofloxacin was the highest effective against P. multocida. Forty lambs (20 healthy and 20 naturally infected with P multocida) were divided into 8 groups (5, each), the 1st group: healthy lambs (control), 2nd group: healthy received marbofloxacin, 3rd group: healthy received flunixin meglumine, 4th group: healthy received marbofloxacin and flunixin meglumine together, 5th group: infected non treated, 6th group: infected treated with marbofloxacin, 7th group: infected treated with flunixin meglumine and 8th: group infected treated with marbofloxacin and flunixin meglumine together. Hemato-biochemical changes at 1st, 7th and 14th day post treatment were studied. All clinical sign disappeared and P.multocida microorganisms were not reisolated in group post treated by marbofloxacin alone or together with flunixin meglumine. Healthy lambs received marbofloxacin or flunixin meglumine either alone or together showed significant decrease in RBCs, Hb, PCV%, T protein, albumin, globulin, α, β, γ globulin and significant increase in WBCs, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, urea and creatinine at1st and 7th day post injection. Pneumonic lambs showed significant reduction in RBCs, Hb, PCV% T. protein, albumin, total globulin, α, β globulin and significant increase in WBCs, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, γ globulin, urea and creatinine all over the experimental period. Pneumonic lamb treated with marbofloxacin alone or with flunixin meglumine resulted in complete disappearance of these clinical signs at 1st day post treatment but these clinical signs remained in flunixin meglumine alone lambs. It is concluded that, pasteurellosis in lambs resulted in adverse effect in hematobiochemical parameters. Using marbofloxacin alone or together with flunixin meglumine in treatment of diseased lambs lead to improve clinical signs and hemato-biochemical parameters at 7th day post treatment.

Prevalence and haemato-biochemical changes of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases in crossbred cattle of Haryana, India

Theileriosis, babesiosis and anaplasmosis are the important tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDs) of ruminants, mostly prevalent in the tropics and subtropics, pose a substantial economic losses to dairy industry particularly in developing countries. Here we have discussed the prevalence and haemato-biochemical changes of these TBHDs in eastern Haryana, India. The prevalence of TBHDs in crossbred cattle was studied by screening 10,776 clinically suspected blood samples during the period of July 2010 to June 2015. Among the screened samples, 4,454 animals (41.33%) were found to be TBHDs-positive. Out of 4,454 positive cases, Theileria annulata, Babesia bigemina, Anaplasma marginale and mixed infections were reported to be 80.62% (n=3591), 11.52% (n=513), 4.06% (n=180), and 3.82% (n=170), respectively. T. annulata was more prevalent during rainy season (37.26%) followed by summer (32.49%) and winter (26.37%); whereas B. bigemina and A. marginale were more prevalent in summer (6.26% and 1.94%, respectively) followed by winter (4.79% and 1.86%, respectively) and rainy season (3.14% and 1.28%, respectively). Significant decrease of values like Hb, TEC, PCV in TBHDs observed in infected animals compared to healthy control groups, indicated haemolytic anaemia. Hypoglycemia was also observed in the infected group. High activity of ALT and AST was noted among the animals of infected group and may be associated with hepatic injury or due to muscle trauma caused by prolong clinical recumbency. Year-wise an increasing trend of prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases and the presence of seasonal variation in occurrence of T. annulata and B. bigemina infection was observed in the present study. T. annulata was found to be the most prevalent and endemic haemoparasites in this region. Findings of the present study have profound clinical significance towards controlling tick-borne diseases as well as improving animal health and productivity.

Influence of Vit.C on Egyptian Baladi Goats (Capra Hircus) with Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicit

Nephrotoxicity is the main problem associated with gentamicin. So this work aimed to evaluate the effect of Vitamin C on gentamicin -induced nephrotoxicity in Baladi goats (Capra hircus) based on the clinical, haematobiochemical and histopathological changes. To achieve this aim, ten clinical healthy Baladi goats were allotted into two groups, each of five. The first group was gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity that injected with gentamicin while, the second group was injected with Vitamin C along with gentamycin. Jugular blood samples were collected at 0, 7, and 12 days post gentamycin injection. Dullness, decreased appetite and unable to stand and lie down were the main signs exhibited after gentamicin injection. However, these signs did not appear in Vitamin C treated goats. In addition, there was significant increase in serum urea, creatinine and serum MDA. While hematological examination showed a significant decrease in Hb content and RBCs content and erythrocyte SOD. In the meantime, histopathological examinations revealed severe renal damage. Marked improvement in the haematobiochemical changes were detected in gentamicin Vitamin C treated goats with mild renal damage. Our results suggest the cytoprotective role of Vitamin C on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in goats that could be attributed to its anti-oxidant activity, a result of high importance in clinical application.

Haemato-Biochemical Alterations After Epidural Administration of Dexmedetomidine Alone and in Combination with Bupivacaine in Buffalo Calves

The study was conducted on 12 healthy male buffalo calves weighing between 50 to 60 Kg to evaluate haemato-biochemical alterations after epidural injection of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with bupivacaine. Haematological examination showed nonsignificant alterations. Biochemical examination showed significant increase in blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine while there was nonsignificant alterations in total protein and alkaline phosphatase. All haemato-biochemical changes were transient and compensatory.

Erythrocytic Oxidative Stress Indices and Haemato-biochemical Changes in Fluorotic Cattle from Industrial Fluorotic Zone of Odisha

Effect of chronic fluorosis on haemato-biochemical parameters and oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in cattle of industrial fluorotic zones of district Angul, Odisha, India was studied. Ten fluorotic cattle of visible clinical signs of endemic area and ten healthy cattle of non-fluorotic area were selected for the present study. Plasma fluoride level along with haemato-biochemical parameters was studied. Erythrocytic oxidative stress parameters like catalase, superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidase were examined from 10 % red blood cell hemolysate. Statistical analysis of these two groups revealed altered haemato-biochemical parameters. There is high plasma fluoride level in the fluorotic cattle as compared to the healthy ones. The blood samples of the fluorotic cattle showed significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count and packed cell volume as compared to healthy cattle. Differential leukocyte picture showed significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in neutrophil count in fluorotic cattle while increase in eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocyte percentage as compared to cattle of non fluorotic zone. Fluoride affected cattle revealed significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine level, whereas significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in plasma calcium level and increase in plasma phosphorous level was recorded in fluorotic cattle as compared to healthy ones. Marked increase (P ≤ 0.05) in lipid peroxidation whereas decrease in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities was observed in fluorotic cattle as compared to healthy ones.

Epidemiology and Hematobiochemical Changes in Egyptian Buffaloes Infested by Psoroptic Mange

Epidemiology and Hematobiochemical Changes in Egyptian Buffaloes Infested by Psoroptic Mange

Clinical, hemato-biochemical alterations and oxidant–antioxidant biomarkers in Babesia-infected calves

Babesia is one of the main causes of anemia in cattle, a lot of elucidations have been suggested to explain its pathogenesis. This study was designed to investigate clinical, hemato-biochemical and oxidant/antioxidant status and its relation with the resultant anemia in Babesia-infected calves. Seventeen (17) native breed calves were involved in this study, clinical signs and microscopic findings were recorded, also blood samples were taken to investigate hematologic changes, serum biochemical variations and oxidative stress biomarkers. The most commonly observed clinical signs were fever, emaciation, depression, icterus and hemoglobinuria. Significant reduction in PCV, HB, RBCs, MCHC, Total protein, and albumin along with significant increase in MCV, WBCs, monocytes and BUN were the most consistent hemato-biochemical changes. Oxidant/antioxidant and trace mineral assessment showed significant reduction in Superoxide dismutase “SOD”, Glutathione peroxidase “GPx”, Zn, Cu along with significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) activities. In the current investigation, oxidant/antioxidant imbalance along with the synchronized alterations in antioxidant trace minerals was detected in Babesia-infected calves. These findings support notion that Babesia infection associated with oxidative stress and this process may be linked to the resultant anemia.

Clinical, hematological and biochemical changes in lambs suffered from nutritional muscular dystrophy

Nutritional Muscular Dystrophy (NMD) is a disease of lambs results from a selenium and/or vitamin E deficiency. Thisstudy was applied on 20 NMD lambs and 20 control native breed lambs from Qalyubia Governorate, with ages rangedfrom 1 to 4 months, in order to explore the effects of NMD clinical and hematobiochemical changes in lambs. Affectedlambs showed sternal recumbency, stiffness, trembling and muscle tremors, hard swollen muscle and the lamb adoptedlateral recumbency. The diseased lambs had significant (P<0.05) decreases in the serum Se and vitamin E. The RBCscount, Hb content and PCV% were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in NMD lambs. On other hand, the MCV and MCHwere significantly increased (P<0.05) in NMD lamb compared to control. The activities of ALT, AST, CPK, LDH andMDA were significantly increased (P<0.05) in NMD lamb compared to control group. The SOD and GSH-Px weresignificantly decreased (P<0.05) in NMD lamb compared to control. It was concluded that vitamin E and Se deficiencyresult in NMD which associated with alteration in clinical and hematological parameters