Habitat For Migratory Birds Research Articles

Wetland restoration prioritizing, a tool to reduce negative effects of drought; An application of multicriteria-spatial decision support system (MC-SDSS)

In recent years, large parts of arid and semi-arid areas in the world are dealing with water restrictions. In these areas, wetlands provide habitats for migratory birds and have a critical role in socio-ecological systems. Generally, in these areas, changing water-use patterns because of land-use change and water limitation because of climate change have led to the loss of wide areas of wetlands. Wetland restoration is suggested to restore the functions and values of wetlands that have been destroyed or affected by stresses. In this paper, a new application of wetland restoration prioritizing is introduced; restoration prioritizing to reduce the negative effects of drought. In this method, areas with the highest priority for restoration will be determined in a wetland destroyed because of water limitations. Multicriteria-spatial decision support system (MC-SDSS) was used to plan a scheme for Hamun wetlands restoration prioritizing in order to reduce the negative effects of drought and to restore the wetlands. This prioritization-determined areas that are valuable for Long-term water conservation, reduce the negative effects of dust storms and conserve water bird’s habitats. This method was used in a wetland that is the only water resource in the middle of a wide arid plain. Because of water limitation, it is not possible to restore the hole wetland; therefore, different parts of this wetland were prioritized for restoration. Based on the results, it is possible to produce a model to determine which priority can be restored in each amount of water volume. In this way, it becomes clear for decision-makers to select areas for restoration in different volumes of water. The result of this study shows that since MC-SDSS decreases conflicts between alternatives in a decision-making process and uses their spatial situation, it is a preferred method to balance among conflicting goals. Furthermore, because spatial data are the most important parts of MC-SDSS, this paper shows the ability of remote sensing to be used in MC-SDSS method. It seems that in the future; remote sensing will have the most important role in MC-SDSS.

水利工程对坝下径流的影响——以葛洲坝、三峡水利枢纽为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 水利工程对坝下径流的影响——以葛洲坝、三峡水利枢纽为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201704070596 作者: 作者单位: 中国生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,中国生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,中国生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,中国生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目（KFJ-STS-ZDTP-03）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0503401） Effects of dams on runoff in the lower reaches: A case study of the Gezhouba hydro-project and the Three Gorges project Author: Affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:水利工程建设在给人类带来抗旱防洪效益、发电效益、航运效益、养殖等效益的同时，也对河流水文动态产生了一系列的影响，主要表现为对径流的调节。基于宜昌站1890-2014年径流数据，综合采用径流集中度、集中期和相位差分析等多种方法，分析了水利工程建设对径流年内分配以及枯水期的影响。结果表明：宜昌站径流集中度呈现缓慢下降趋势并在2004年发生突变，2003年以后径流集中度相对于2003年以前下降0.06（下降幅度为12.98%），说明葛洲坝水利枢纽、三峡工程建成以后宜昌站径流在年内分配变得平缓，洪峰被有效削弱，且三峡工程对宜昌站径流集中度减少的贡献率大于葛洲坝水利枢纽（贡献率分别为92.03%和7.97%）；葛洲坝和三峡水利枢纽建成后，宜昌站径流重心提前8d（集中期从8月9日提前至7月31日）；宜昌站进入枯水期的时间提前约20d（三峡大坝建设以前，宜昌站在12月7-11日进入枯水期，建设以后在11月底进入枯水期），水利工程对水文过程的影响可能导致下游枯水期污染加剧和湿地生境提前缩小，进而影响下游水环境和湿地生物多样性。上述结果定量揭示了水利工程对水文过程的影响及其潜在生态效应，可为认识水利工程的生态影响以及流域生态环境变化的驱动因素提供科学依据。 Abstract:The Yangtze basin is rich in water and biological resources, providing essential natural conditions for economic development in the southern region of China. Various water conservation facilities have been constructed in the basin to perform water resource scheduling and electrical energy conversion. By 2009, there were 46000 reservoirs built in the basin, with a total irrigation capacity of more than 120 billion m3. These projects were associated with benefits in terms of drought flood control, power generation, shipping, breeding, and so on, but also had both positive and negative effects on runoff. Therefore, watershed water security not only affects economic development and ecological security in the southern region of China, but also is an inevitable requirement for sustainable development. We participated in an academic conference on soil and water conservation and disaster prevention and mitigation in the Yangtze River economic belt, during which several scholars and experts extensively discussed the current problems in the Yangtze River basin. Some experts pointed out that the construction of the Three Gorges project and other water conservancies would lead to an advance in the timing of the dry season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, resulting in increased water pollution, changes in the habitats of migratory birds, and a series of ecological problems. Although low water levels and floods are classified into the extreme hydrology category, early drought has no significant impact on human activity, and is not as well studied as floods. With the growth of the social economy and population explosion, the gap between the supply and demand of water resources is increasing. Especially in the dry season, several ecological problems are experienced, including increased water pollution caused by the reduction in runoff and river blanking caused by excessive use of low water resources. Thus, it is necessary to study the effects of water conservancy projects on the dry season. After the conference, we conducted a field visit and a survey along the Yangtze River area, with a view to use the data to effectively assess the impact of water conservancy construction during the dry season. Since the construction of the Three Gorges project has attracted greater attention, its water security and ecological benefits have always been the focus of discussions. Therefore, we selected Yichang station as the study area and analyzed the impacts of the Gezhouba hydro-project and the Three Gorges project on hydrological dynamics. Based on the runoff data of Yichang station from 1890 to 2014, the effects of water conservancy construction on the distribution of runoff and the dry season were analyzed using runoff concentration degree and period and phase difference analysis. The results showed that the runoff concentration of Yichang station tended to decrease, with a mutation occurrence in 2004. After 2003, the runoff concentration decreased by 0.06 (a decrease of 12.98%) from that before 2003. This indicated that after the completion of the Gezhouba water conservancy project and the Three Gorges project, the runoff distribution in Yichang station over the year became gentle and the peak floods were effectively weakened. The rate of contribution of the Three Gorges project toward decreasing the runoff concentration degree in Yichang station (92.03%) was greater than that of the Gezhouba water conservancy project (7.97%). After the Gezhouba and Three Gorges projects were completed, the runoff concentration period and beginning of the dry season in Yichang station have advanced (with advances of 8 and 20 days, respectively). Following completion of the water conservation projects, changes to the water-carrying capacity of the environment and wetlands in the lower reaches will take place earlier than previously, resulting in increased water pollution, changes in wetland biodiversity, and several ecological problems. Our results revealed the influence of the water conservation projects on hydrological processes and their potential ecological efficiency, providing a scientific basis to better understand the influence of water conservation projects on runoff. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Novel reassortants of clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses possessing genetic heterogeneity in South Korea in late 2017.

Novel H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) were isolated from duck farms and migratory bird habitats in South Korea in November to December 2017. Genetic analysis demonstrated that at least two genotypes of H5N6 were generated through reassortment between clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 HPAIVs and Eurasian low pathogenic avian influenza virus in migratory birds in late 2017, suggesting frequent reassortment of clade 2.3.4.4 H5 HPAIVs and highlighting the need for systematic surveillance in Eurasian breeding grounds.

Source and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in the suspended organic matter in the migratory bird habitat of Poyang Lake: The case study of Lake Dahuchi and Lake Shahu

Source and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in the suspended organic matter in the migratory bird habitat of Poyang Lake: The case study of Lake Dahuchi and Lake Shahu

Estimating coastal wetland gain and losses in Galveston County and Cameron County, Texas, USA.

Coastal wetlands serve many important ecological services. One of these important ecological services is their use as storm buffers. Coastal wetlands provide habitat for migratory birds and aquatic species and can improve water quality. In the late 1990s, the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) published a study outlining the trends of coastal wetlands from the 1950s to early 1990s. In the present study, wetland gains and losses were calculated for Galveston County and Cameron County, Texas, USA, between 2001 and 2011. Maps from the National Land Cover Database were used to determine wetland areas for the years 2001, 2006, and 2011. ArcGIS was used to compare land cover between the study periods to determine overall wetland losses and gains. A statistical analysis was performed between wetland loss and population data to determine whether increased population density led to a higher loss of wetlands. Our analysis indicates that wetland loss is still occurring, however at a lower rate of loss (0.14%-0.18% annually) than the USFWS study predicted earlier (2.7%). In addition, the majority of wetland losses were due to conversion to upland areas. We found a positive correlation between increased population density and decreased wetland area; however, the trend was not significant. The present study shows how the majority of wetland loss in Galveston and Cameron counties is occurring as a result of increased upland areas. In addition, the present study shows that the use of online mapping systems can be used as a low-cost alternative to assess land changes when field tests are not feasible. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:120-129. © 2017 SETAC.

Serological evidence of H5-subtype influenza A virus infection in indigenous avian and mammalian species in Korea.

In Korea, H5-subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has caused huge economic losses in poultry farms through outbreaks of H5N1 since 2003, H5N8 since 2013 and H5N6 since 2016. Although it was reported that long-distance migratory birds may play a major role in the global spread of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), transmission from such birds to poultry has not been confirmed. Intermediate hosts in the wild also may be a potential factor in viral transmission. Therefore, a total of 367 serum samples from wild animals were collected near major migratory bird habitats from 2011 to 2016 and tested by AIV-specific blocking ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Two mammalian and eight avian species were seropositive according to the ELISA test. Among these, two mammalian (Hydropotes inermis and Prionailurus bengalensis) and three avian (Aegypius monachus, Cygnus cygnus, and Bubo bubo) species showed high HI titres (>1,280) against one or two H5-subtype AIVs. As H. inermis (water deer), P. bengalensis (leopard cat), and B. bubo (Eurasian eagle owl) are indigenous animals in Korea, evidence of H5-subtype AIV in these animals implies that continuous monitoring of indigenous animals should be followed to understand interspecies transmission ecology of H5-subtype influenza viruses.

Surveys of Forest Birds on Puerto Rico, 2015.

BackgroundThe island of Puerto Rico supports a diverse assemblage of breeding birds, including 16 endemic species (Raffaele et al. 1998), and provides critical wintering habitat for many North American migratory birds (Wunderle and Waide 1994). Despite being a hotspot of avian biodiversity, spatially extensive data on the distribution and abundance of birds on the island are scarce. Breeding-bird assemblages were sampled by the North American Breeding Bird Survey from 1997–2007 (Sauer et al. 2013), but comparable primary data are not available for bird assemblages present during the boreal winter.New informationWe provide data from one of the few spatially extensive surveys of forest birds on Puerto Rico. We sampled 211 locations in forests across the island during January–March 2015 using repeated point-count surveys. These data are suitable for use in estimating abundance, occupancy, and distribution of forest birds on Puerto Rico during the winter.

Waterbird communities and seed biomass in managed and reference‐restored wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley

The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) commenced the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative (MBHI) in summer 2010 after the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The MBHI enrolled in the program 193,000 ha of private wet‐ and cropland inland from potential oil‐impaired wetlands. We evaluated waterfowl and other waterbird use and potential seed/tuber food resources in NRCS Wetland Reserve Program easement wetlands managed via MBHI funding and associated reference wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri. In Louisiana and Mississippi, nearly three times more dabbling ducks and all ducks combined were observed on managed than reference wetlands. Shorebirds and waterbirds other than waterfowl were nearly twice as abundant on managed than referenced wetlands. In Arkansas and Missouri, managed wetlands had over twice more dabbling ducks and nearly twice as many duck species than reference wetlands. Wetlands managed via MBHI in Mississippi and Louisiana contained ≥1.3 times more seed and tuber biomass known to be consumed by waterfowl than reference wetlands. Seed and tuber resources did not differ between wetlands in Arkansas and Missouri. While other studies have documented greater waterbird densities on actively than nonmanaged wetlands, our results highlighted the potential for initiatives focused on managing conservation easements to increase waterbird use and energetic carrying capacity of restored wetlands for waterbirds.

SOAR: a tool for modelling optimal animal life‐history strategies in cyclic environments

Periodic environments determine the life cycle of many animals across the globe and the timing of important life history events, such as reproduction and migration. These adaptive behavioural strategies are complex and can only be fully understood (and predicted) within the framework of natural selection in which species adopt evolutionary stable strategies. We present sOAR, a powerful and user‐friendly implementation of the well‐established framework of optimal annual routine modelling. It allows determining optimal animal life history strategies under cyclic environmental conditions using stochastic dynamic programming. It further includes the simulation of population dynamics under the optimal strategy. sOAR provides an important tool for theoretical studies on the behavioural and evolutionary ecology of animals. It is especially suited for studying bird migration. In particular, we integrated options to differentiate between costs of active and passive flight into the optimal annual routine modelling framework, as well as options to consider periodic wind conditions affecting flight energetics. We provide an illustrative example of sOAR where food supply in the wintering habitat of migratory birds significantly alters the optimal timing of migration. sOAR helps improving our understanding of how complex behaviours evolve and how behavioural decisions are constrained by internal and external factors experienced by the animal. Such knowledge is crucial for anticipating potential species’ response to global environmental change.

USING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPE DESIGN CRITERIA IN ORDER TO REGENERATION OF URBAN SEASONAL RIVERS’ BED

The present research has been conducted in order to preserve the Shiraz Khoshk River landscape as a dynamic ecosystem; moreover, to regenerate the quality of the riverbed through the implementation of landscape design criteria. Process recommendations to regenerate of the Khoshk River through landscape design are based on descriptive analysis of library research and case study, as well as observation and interview procedures with survey studies.Recommendations have been based on the study and analysis of multiple primary factors, including environmental, cultural, physical, and social features. Subsequent suggestions for designing a sustainable landscape have been provided, and have been focused on repair and protection of the landscape, and ecological and aesthetic principles. Emphasis has been placed on protection and improvement of the natural landscape and the diverse bionetwork of the region, the removal of inappropriate applications and bio- environmental pollutants, and the design of a suitable habitat for migratory birds. Keywords : Urban Seasonal River, Sustainable Landscape Design Criteria, Landscape conservation,Shiraz Khoshk River

Conservation, development and the management of infectious disease: avian influenza in China, 2004-2012.

There is growing evidence that wildlife conservation measures have mixed effects on the emergence and spread of zoonotic disease. Wildlife conservation has been found to have both positive (dilution) and negative (contagion) effects. In the case of avian influenza H5N1 in China, the focus has been on negative effects. Lakes and wetlands attracting migrating waterfowl have been argued to be disease hotspots. We consider the implications of waterfowl conservation for H5N1 infections in both poultry and humans between 2004 and 2012. We model both environmental and economic risk factors. Environmental risk factors comprise the conditions that structure interaction between wild and domesticated birds. Economic risk factors comprise the cost of disease, biosecurity measures and disease risk mitigation. We find that H5N1 outbreaks in poultry populations are indeed sensitive to the existence of wild-domesticated bird mixing zones, but not in the way we would expect from the literature. We find that risk is decreasing in protected migratory bird habitat. Since the number of human cases is increasing in the number of poultry outbreaks, as expected, the implication is that the protection of wetlands important for migratory birds offers unexpected human health benefits.This article is part of the themed issue 'Conservation, biodiversity and infectious disease: scientific evidence and policy implications'.

Importance of Lake Ashenge, a Small Important Bird Area in Northern Ethiopia, to Palaearctic and Other Migratory Birds

Tropical inland lakes harbour a variety of waterbirds and provide a wintering habitat for Palaearctic and other migratory birds. However, the importance of the lakes as a temporary site for migrant bird populations has not been adequately studied. The point count method was used to study waterbird species diversity and abundance in Lake Ashenge, in the semi-arid region of northern Ethiopia, with the main aim to underscore the lake's importance as a stop-over site for Palaearctic and other migratory birds. A total of 36 species belonging to 14 waterbird families were encountered. Fifteen of the species were resident birds, including the endemic Wattled Ibis (Bostrychia carunculata), and 14 of the species were Palaearctic migrants, including the globally Near-Threatened Ferruginous Duck (Ayithya nyroca) and Maccoa Duck (Oxyura maccoa). Significant temporal variation in diversity and abundance was observed during the study period; diversity was highest (Shannon-Wiener H′ = 1.98) in the dry season (December/J...

Blood-feeding patterns of native mosquitoes and insights into their potential role as pathogen vectors in the Thames estuary region of the United Kingdom

BackgroundThe range of vertebrate hosts on which species of mosquito blood-feed is an important parameter for identifying potential vectors and in assessing the risk of incursion and establishment of vector-borne pathogens. In the United Kingdom, studies of mosquito host range have collected relatively few specimens and used techniques that could only broadly identify host species. This study conducted intensive collection and analysis of mosquitoes from a grazing marsh environment in southeast England. This site provides extensive wetland habitat for resident and migratory birds and has abundant human nuisance biting mosquitoes. The aim was to identify the blood-feeding patterns of mosquito species present at the site which could contribute to the transmission of pathogens.MethodsTwice-weekly collections of mosquitoes were made from Elmley Nature Reserve, Kent, between June and October 2014. Mosquitoes were collected using resting boxes, by aspiration from man-made structures and using a Mosquito Magnet Pro baited with 1-octen-3-ol. Blood-fed specimens were classified according to the degree of blood meal digestion using the Sella scale and vertebrate origin determined using sequencing of a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene. Mosquitoes that were morphologically cryptic were identified to species level using multiplex PCR and sequencing methods.ResultsA total of 20,666 mosquitoes of 11 species were collected, and 2,159 (10.4%) were blood-fed (Sella scale II-VI); of these 1,341 blood-fed specimens were selected for blood meal analysis. Vertebrate origin was successfully identified in 964 specimens (72%). Collections of blood-fed individuals were dominated by Anopheles maculipennis complex (73.5%), Culiseta annulata (21.2%) and Culex pipiens form pipiens (10.4%). Nineteen vertebrate hosts comprising five mammals and 14 birds were identified as hosts for mosquitoes, including two migratory bird species. Feeding on birds by Culex modestus and Anopheles atroparvus populations in England was demonstrated.ConclusionsThis study expands the vertebrate host range of mosquitoes in the Thames estuary region of the UK. Feeding on both resident and migratory bird species by potential arbovirus vectors including Cx. pipiens f. pipiens and Cx. modestus indicates the potential for enzootic transmission of an introduced arbovirus between migratory and local bird species by native mosquito species.

Estimated seepage rates from selected ditches, ponds, and lakes at the Camas National Wildlife Refuge, eastern Idaho

The Camas National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge) in eastern Idaho, established in 1937, contains wetlands, ponds, and wet meadows that are essential resting and feeding habitat for migratory birds and nesting habitat for waterfowl. Initially, natural sources of water supported these habitats. However, during the past few decades, changes in climate and surrounding land use have altered and reduced natural groundwater and surface-water inflows, resulting in a 5-meter decline in the water table and an earlier, and more frequent, occurrence of no flow in Camas Creek at the Refuge. Due to these changes in water availability, water management that includes extensive groundwater pumping is now necessary to maintain the wetlands, ponds, and wet meadows.These water management activities have proven to be inefficient and expensive, and the Refuge is seeking alternative water-management options that are more efficient and less expensive. More efficient water management at the Refuge may be possible through knowledge of the seepage rates from ditches, ponds, and lakes at the Refuge. With this knowledge, water-management efficiency may be improved by natural means through selective use of water bodies with the smallest seepage rates or through engineering efforts to minimize seepage losses from water bodies with the largest seepage rates.The U.S. Geological Survey performed field studies in 2015 and 2016 to estimate seepage rates for selected ditches, ponds, and lakes at the Refuge. Estimated seepage rates from ponds and lakes ranged over an order of magnitude, from 3.4 ± 0.2 to 103.0 ± 0.5 mm/d, with larger seepage rates calculated for Big Pond and Redhead Pond, intermediate seepage rates calculated for Two-way Pond, and smaller seepages rates calculated for the south arm of Sandhole Lake. Estimated seepage losses from two reaches of Main Diversion Ditch were 21 ± 2 and 17 ± 2 percent/km. These losses represent seepage rates of about 890 and 860 mm/d, which are one- to two-orders-of-magnitude larger than seepage rates from the ponds and lake.The depth-integrated vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kv) for sediment underlying the ponds and lake was the primary control of seepage rates. The Kv's were 30 and 34 m/d for Big Pond, 14 and 18 m/d for Toomey Pond, 8 and 10 m/d for Two-way Pond, and 47 m/d for the north arm of Sandhole Lake.

Effects of the Saemangeum Reclamation Project on migratory shorebird staging in the Saemangeum and Geum Estuaries, South Korea

SummaryThe Saemangeum tidal flat, an important staging site for migratory shorebirds that travel the East Asian-Australasian (EAA) Flyway, was isolated from the eastern Yellow Sea in 2006 as part of a large-scale reclamation project. To gain a better understanding of the impacts that this reclamation has had on the long-distance migratory shorebirds that use the EAA Flyway, we examined the number of shorebirds visiting Saemangeum and three adjacent sites in the Geum Estuary (Yubu Island, the Janghang coastline, and the Geum River Channel) during the spring and fall prior to, and after, completion of the reclamation (2004–2013). A total of 48 shorebird species, including one Critically Endangered, three Endangered, and nine Near Threatened species, were observed over this period. Peak numbers of shorebirds recorded at sites in Saemangeum and the Geum Estuary following completion of the project were 74% below those recorded in 2004 and 2005, the years prior to reclamation activity. In Saemangeum, shorebird abundance declined by approximately 95% and 97.3% during the northward and southward migrations, respectively, as a result of reclamation. Although shorebird populations in the Geum Estuary increased by 5% and 20% during the northwards and southward migrations, respectively, these increases failed to offset the reduction in shorebird abundance in Saemangeum; overall, shorebird abundance at Saemangeum and the three adjacent sites in the Geum Estuary markedly declined over the reclamation period. Given the more favourable conditions of adjacent areas, sites in Saemangeum and the Geum Estuary no longer provide the habitat conditions necessary for long-distance migratory shorebirds. In order to improve habitat for staging migratory birds, we suggest that measures such as the conversion of an abandoned salt farm for use as roosting sites, the construction of artificial barriers to prevent human disturbance, and re-opening of the river-banks to facilitate water flow be implemented.

Short Communication: Waterbird species distribution between natural and manmade wetland in Himalayan foothills of Uttarakhand, India

Abstract. Saini V, Joshi K, Bhatt D, Singh A, Joshi R. 2017. Short Communication: Waterbird species distribution between natural and manmade wetland in Himalayan foothills of Uttarakhand, India. Biodiversitas 18: 334-340. A comparative study on waterbird diversity and abundance was conducted at natural and man-made wetland of District Hardwar from 2010 to 2013. A total of 37 waterbirds belonging to 11 families were recorded of which 14 species were winter migrant in the wetlands of the study area. Among these waterbird species, two species viz. Black-necked Stork, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus; River Lapwing, Vanellus duvaucelii were near threatened (IUCN status Ver. 2013.1.) and two species namely Woolly-necked Stork, Ciconia episcopus; and Marbled Duck, Marmaronetta angustirostris were Vulnerable (IUCN status). The avian species diversity and abundance were recorded significantly high (t = 4.16, p < 0.01) at natural wetland site. It is also observed that vegetation variety and food availability is the responsible causes of waterbird species variation in the natural and manmade wetland. The results of this study suggest that freshwater natural wetland site is more suitable habitat for short and long-distance water migratory birds. This natural wetland should be protected to enhance the abundance and diversity of water migrant community.
 Keywords: Diversity, man-made wetland, migratory species, natural wetland

年内水热条件变化对冬候鸟数量时空分布特征的影响机制

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 年内水热条件变化对冬候鸟数量时空分布特征的影响机制 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201512272581 作者: 作者单位: 江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,清华大学环境学院,武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）项目（2012AA12A407）；国家自然科学基金项目（41101341，41461079） Impact of hydro-thermal conditions on the spatio-temporal patterns of migratory bird populations Author: Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:环鄱阳湖湿地是东亚重要的冬候鸟栖息地，由于湿地内部分区接纳水源的不同，人为活动及地表类型的差异，使得该区冬候鸟数量的时空分布特征相对复杂。综合利用遥感数据、冬候鸟航空调查数据及气象观测数据，借助分区相关性统计分析方法，研究不同尺度环鄱阳湖湿地年内水热要素对冬候鸟数量时空分布特征的影响；通过水文要素之间的相关性分析以及地表温度的时空分布格局研究，探索水热要素之间的耦合关系，进而揭示鄱阳湖区年内水热条件变化对冬候鸟数量时空分布特征的影响机制。研究发现：12月份气温是影响鄱阳湖湿地冬候鸟数量时空分布特征的驱动因素；受分区农业及生态特征的影响，水文条件的年内变异成为影响鄱阳湖冬候鸟数量时空分布特征的决定因素。研究结果为环鄱阳湖湿地冬候鸟栖息地的保护提供决策依据。 Abstract:Poyang Lake wetland is a key wintering habitat for migratory birds in East Asia, where the spatio-temporal pattern of migratory bird populations (STP-MB) is complex. This study used multi-source data from MODIS (NASA) from 2000 to 2010, including 10 days/nights of MODIS composite images of land surface temperature data (MODLT1T, provided by International Scientific & Technical Data Mirror Site, Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.gscloud.cn)), annual aerial survey data of migratory birds from 2001 to 2009, and meteorological data. Inter-annual variation in hydro-thermal factors (IAV-HT) and the correlation with migratory bird populations was analyzed at multi-spatial scales to examine the influence of IAV-HT on the STP-MB. Correlation between precipitation and water area, and the spatial pattern of land surface temperature was analyzed to assess coupling correlations within hydro-thermal factors. The final impact of IAV-HT on the STP-MB was revealed by the aforementioned coupling analysis. We found that the atmospheric temperature in December was the driving factor behind bird migration; and inter-annual changes in hydrological conditions were the determining factors of STP-MB, which was influenced by agricultural activities and ecological conditions in subzones. This research contributes towards the protection of migratory birds in Poyang Lake. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Effects of floristic and structural features of shade agroforestry plantations on the migratory bird community in Colombia

How habitat mediates the distribution and habitat selection of migratory birds that winter in agroforestry systems is still poorly known. In this research, we evaluated how different habitat characteristics in shade agroforestry plantations influenced the richness and abundance of the overwintering migratory bird community. We examined migratory bird diversity and habitat structure in nine farms with coffee agroforestry systems with different shading regimes during two wintering seasons in southwestern Antioquia Department, Colombia. 15.9 ± 3.69 species of migratory birds were found on the 9 farms (range 11–21 species). While we found little support for a strong association between richness of migratory birds and habitat variables, abundance of migratory birds was best explained by the combined effect of habitat characteristics. Particularly, the total number of individuals of migratory birds was positively related to structural attributes such as shrub density, canopy cover, tree density and diameter at breast height, suggesting that a denser and closed shading system might be beneficial for migratory birds, which may both increase the horizontal and vertical complexity of the agroforestry system and the variety of food resources for birds. Our surveys showed additional evidence that shaded systems can provide overwinter habitat to Neotropical migrant birds in the Colombian Andes. Moreover, we suggest that migratory birds can benefit by managing structurally and floristically diverse agroforestry and silvopastoral systems.

Patterns of change in body condition in wintering Neotropical-Nearctic migratory birds in shaded plantations in the Andes

Despite the widely accepted idea that shaded plantations are valuable habitats for Neotropical migrants in disturbed landscapes, little empirical evidence is available in relation to the quality of this habitat for Neotropical-Nearctic migratory birds in the Andes. We evaluated the suitability of shaded plantations for overwintering Neotropical-Nearctic migratory birds by examining diurnal and seasonal variation in body condition of migrants in these agroforests in the Andes. During October to April 2008–2009 and 2009–2010, we mist-netted eight species of Neotropical-Nearctic migrants in shaded plantations in the Colombian Andes. Body condition improved throughout the day for Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea), Blackburnian Warbler (Setophaga fusca), Tennessee Warbler (Leiothlypis peregrina), and especially Canada Warbler (Cardellina canadensis). Similarly, body condition improved across the season for Tennessee Warbler, Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus), and Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra). Our results provided additional evidence that several common Neotropical migrants, including species of conservation concern such as Cerulean Warbler and Canada Warbler, may improve their body condition in shaded plantations. However, about half of the species assessed in this study did not show any significant improvement in their body condition (e.g. Red-eyed Vireo). Furthermore, on average, species were in poor condition (i.e. body condition scores were negative) in these coffee farms. Thus, the extent to which this agricultural system represents high quality habitat should be looked with caution. Overall, our data contribute novel information on daily patterns of body condition improvement for several common migratory birds in Andean shaded plantations.

Aplikasi Penderiaan Jauh atau Remote Sensing dalam Pemodelan Pengaruh Iklim terhadap Taburan Burung Hijrah Di Hutan Paya Laut Matang, Perak

Climate changes especially temperature and rainfall effect the habitat selection of bird migration in mangrove area to get some food and temporary stopover. The increase and decrease of temperature and rainfall is varies between upstream to downstream. This research was done to prove that temperature and rainfall are uneven in some area even in same boundary that can give impact in habitat selection of migratory birds. This research was concern around Matang Mangrove Forest, Perak that already familiar as focal area for migratory birds. Remote Sensing application was used in this research through use of ERDAS Imagine 8.5 which is based on pixels. This application helps to model the relationship between climate, namely temperature and rainfall with distribution density of migratory birds around the study area. Climate modeling was conducted to predict the distribution of migratory bird populations in the future due to changes in temperature and rainfall over a period of 5 years and 20 years. The results of this study showed a decrease in the population of migratory birds by 6.4% for a period of 5 years and a decrease to 7.5% for the last 20 years. Sungai Sepetang and Sungai Selinsing shown that migratory bird populations decreased continuously after 20 years. However the Sangga Besar, Teluk Kertang, Temerlok, Pulau Pasir Hitam dan Sungai Tinggi area showed an increase in the arrival of migratory birds after 20 years. This information analysis help the related agencies in manage and maintain the area around the Matang Mangrove Forest identified potential habitat for migratory birds in the future. In addition, through this study migratory bird monitoring can be carried out systematically on a wider scope without ignoring areas that strives to be the alternative habitat for migratory birds in the future.