Gynecologic Applications Research Articles

Evaluation of a new fletcher applicator using cesium-137

The improved Fletcher Applicator ∗ ∗ Nuclear Associates is a recent modification of the afterloading Fletcher system. Its aluminum construction reduces the weight by 50 % and is more comfortable for the patient. Removable caps contain medially placed tungsten screens that shield tissues anteriorly and posteriorly. When the caps are removed, the colpostats can be used as Delclos mini-ovoids. A method for evaluating the dosimetry of brachytherapy applicators in a water phantom was devised so this applicator could be studied and compared with other gynecologic applicators. The results show that the transmission ratios—the fraction of radiation transmitted through the tungsten shields—differ from those of the preloaded Fletcher colpostat, but are similar to the transmission ratios of the Fletcher-Suit applicator. There is a 10 % to 25 % reduction in the radiation dose to the region of the bladder trigone and anterior rectum with the shield containing cap in place. This percent reduction in dose is in agreement with other Fletcher applicators. Misalignment of the source basket within the colpostat, and motion of the source in the carrier cause variations in the dose rate at specific distances from the colpostat.

Transfer factor and possible applications in gynecology

Dialyzable transfer factor (TFd) is reviewed against its historical background, preparation methods, physiochemical properties, possible mechanisms of action, pharmacology, and clinical studies, including several areas relating to gynecology. The possible role of TFd as an adjunct in the treatment of cancer is discussed. The discussion centers on gynecologic cancer in several patients who have received TFd. The difficulties and future possibilities for this modality of treatment are considered.

Dosimetry of 137Cs sources with the Fletcher-Suit gynecological applicator.

Measurements were made in water about the tandem and ovoid structures of the Fletcher-Suit applicator loaded with a 137Cs source. The dose rate was found to vary as much as 25% as a result of differential absorption in the ovoid. Empirically based trigonometric expressions are suggested which provide the absorption correction as a function of the two angles of a spherical coordinate system. Computer calculated dose rates, with and without the absorption corrections, are compared.

An isotope activity monitor (for radiotherapy)

An isotope activity monitor has been developed for use in preparing intracavitary gynaecological applicators in radiotherapy. The caesium tube is placed in an indentation on a stainless steel sheet, above an ion chamber, and the source activity is displayed in digital form on the monitor panel meter. The monitor is calibrated for 137Cs (up to 200 mCi for our monitor) although 60Co sources can also be checked as the equivalent values are printed on the monthly source strength tables by the computer.

The chain cystourethrogram.

HomeRadiologyVol. 103, No. 1 PreviousNext Technical NotesThe Chain CystourethrogramJonathan L. Stolz, E. James FogelJonathan L. Stolz, E. James FogelJonathan L. StolzE. James FogelPublished Online:Apr 1 1972https://doi.org/10.1148/103.1.204MoreSectionsPDF ToolsImage ViewerAdd to favoritesCiteTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked In AbstractA method of performing chain cystourethrography with a new catheter is described. The radiographic findings and their gynecologic application are discussed.Article HistoryAccepted: Nov 1972Published in print: Apr 1972 FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By, Vol. 13 / 1Recommended Articles RSNA Education Exhibits RSNA Case Collection Vol. 103, No. 1 Metrics Downloaded 28 times Altmetric Score PDF download

Computer Evaluation of Dose Rates Around Multiple Radium Sources

Two programs have been developed to determine the dose-rate distribution resulting from an arbitrary array of radium sources. Both programs have been written for an IBM 1620 Data Processing System with 20 K memory and with the automatic division and indirect addressing special features. The constants incorporated in the programs pertain to radium sources of 1 cm. active length with 1 mm. Pt filter, and to any number of such sources up to 6. The constants and the number limitation may be changed rather easily. The first program is written in FORTRAN, the second in SPS. Either program may be used to calculate the dose rate at selected points (entered on punched cards) or at an automatically indexed grid of points (horizontal or vertical plane). For these alternatives, the computer yields a tabular print-out of the coordinates and of the corresponding total dose rates (r/hr.). An additional alternative is available with the SPS program, that of a graphic print-out (again, horizontal or vertical plane). Here the typed output page is an array of points characterized by specific letters which have been assigned to predetermined dose-rate levels. Sketching connections through like letters gives all isodose chart for the distribution. For each patient, as many input cards are required as there are sources. The following information is required on each card: measured angles and relative spatial position of the source (taken directly from anteroposterior and lateral roentgenograms), the estimated magnification of each roentgenogram, the activity of the source, and indexing numbers to distinguish the sources. Information such as patient name and number, date, and number of the application, if included on the first card, will be repeated in the output as the first line typed. The strength of the several sources will also be repeated in the output headings. The method of calculation is the same in both programs. Greenfield et al. (1) have recalculated dose-rate tables for linear radium sources. These data have been revised to the present value for the emission constant of radium and then reduced to analytical form. Six zones of polar angle (measured from the axis of a source) suffice to describe the tabular data in the analytical form chosen. The basic form is common throughout all zones; the constants selected are specific to each zone, and in three a calculated correction is also included. With such selection, the dose rate at a point is evaluated for each source in turn and accumulated for output presentation. The time required depends on the number of sources and the number of points required. A typical gynecological application (5 sources) requires about fifteen minutes for tabulation or plotting of the results for one plane covering an area 16 × 16 cm. Upon request, arrangements can be made to duplicate the programs.

Gynecologic applications of the radioisotope renogram

Clinical applications of the radioisotope renogram as related to gynecologic procedures have been discussed and representative case histories have been presented.These applications include evaluation of patients with pre- and postoperative ureteral involvement and/or injury secondary to benign gynecologic disease, evaluation and management of patients with genital malignancy, and the differential diagnosis of post-operative anuria.

In vivo measurement of organ size using a gamma radioactive point source (scintillometry) with special reference to applications in gynecology and obstetrics.

In vivo measurement of organ size using a gamma radioactive point source (scintillometry) with special reference to applications in gynecology and obstetrics.

In VIVO Measurement of Organ Size Using a Gamma Radioactive Point Source ('Scin-Tillometry') with Special Reference to Applications in Gynecology and Obstetrics

In VIVO Measurement of Organ Size Using a Gamma Radioactive Point Source ('Scin-Tillometry') with Special Reference to Applications in Gynecology and Obstetrics

Evaluation of Colorimetric Quantitation of 17-Ketosteroids : Application in Gynecology

Evaluation of Colorimetric Quantitation of 17-Ketosteroids : Application in Gynecology

The Blood Sedimentation Test. Its Application in Gynaecology

The Blood Sedimentation Test. Its Application in Gynaecology

Clinical observations on erythrocyte sedimentation rate reaction

The erythrocyte sedimentation reaction, introduced into clinical practice by FahraeuS'OM, has found the greatest application in gynecology. A number of works of German (Fahreus, Linzenmeier, Geppert, Haselhorst, Mahnert, Gnssle; Molnar, Oettinger, etc.) and Russian (Mandelstam, Bronnikova, Popova-Terebinskaya, Izakson, etc.) authors quite established its suitability for clinical purposes, and at present, study of this reaction should pass, as Dr. Bronnikova rightly put it, to the phase of studying various details connected with its application at the patient bedside. In the present report we present the results of our clinical observations made with the help of this reaction in the Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic of the Kazan Clinical Institute and partly on cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy in the Faculty Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic of Prof. V.S. Gruzdev.

About three phase current and its application in gynecology

Abstracts. Electrotherapy.N. V. Sletov and N. N. Ivanov About three phase current and its application in gynecology. Medical Review. 1901 March.On the pages of the same journal, the works of Dr. Sletov, devoted to the issue of the therapeutic action of the so-called. three-phase current. The advantages of this current for medical purposes are that it does not produce such a destructive local action as direct current, and that you can use large quantities of it without causing the pain that is felt with a strong intermittent current. The action of the three-phase current in relation to various tissues consists in the following: i) the skin at the place where the electrodes are applied is very red, but even with a very strong current (і2о MA in the course of U2 hours) does not detect any traces of abrasions. 2).