Ginkgo biloba is a valuable ornamental gymnosperm plant. To ensure an adequate supply of planting material for this species, measures must be taken to cultivate high-quality seedlings resistant to adverse conditions. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with metabolically active substances can serve as such a measure. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth processes, leaf apparatus formation, and photosynthetic activity of young Ginkgo biloba plants under the influence of metabolically active substances and their combinations. Metabolically active substances used to treat ginkgo seeds included vitamin E, ubiquinone-10, paraoxybenzoic acid (POBA), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), and methionine. Their combinations were also tested: vitamin E + ubiquinone-10, vitamin E + POBA + methionine, and vitamin E + POBA + methionine + MgSO4. The growth biostimulator Stimpo was used for comparison. It was established that pre-sowing treatment with these metabolically active substances and their combinations contributed to the formation of a more robust photosynthetic apparatus in ginkgo seedlings. MgSO4 and the combination of vitamin E + methionine + POBA + MgSO4 had the most significant effect on stem height. Among single-component substances, ubiquinone-10 and the combination of vitamin E + methionine + POBA + MgSO4 most effectively increased the average number of leaves. All studied combinations of compounds positively impacted the average leaf area, increasing it by 44.5-58% compared to the control. Among single-component substances, vitamin E and MgSO4 were particularly effective in increasing leaf area. Ubiquinone-10 and the combination of vitamin E + methionine + POBA significantly enhanced the content of chlorophyll a and b pigments in the leaves. The use of metabolically active substances and their combinations during pre-sowing seed treatment is an effective measure to improve the assimilation processes and overall growth of Ginkgo biloba seedlings.