Gyeongsang National University Research Articles

Carriage of Cytochrome 2C19 Polymorphism Is Associated With Risk of High Post-Treatment Platelet Reactivity on High Maintenance-Dose Clopidogrel of 150 mg/day: Results of the ACCEL-DOUBLE (Accelerated Platelet Inhibition by a Double Dose of Clopidogrel According to Gene Polymorphism) Study

This study sought to determine the impact of gene polymorphisms on platelet reactivity (PR) after clopidogrel 150 mg/day in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although high maintenance-dose (MD) clopidogrel reduces PR, it is unknown whether gene polymorphisms are related with the risk of high post-treatment PR (HPPR) after high-MD clopidogrel. We included mostly patients receiving high-MD clopidogrel after PCI from previously registered Gyeongsang National University Hospital data. A total of 126 PCI-treated patients receiving high-MD clopidogrel were enrolled. Platelet reactivity was assessed with conventional aggregometry and VerifyNow (Accumetrics Inc., San Diego, California) after receiving clopidogrel 150 mg/day for at least 1 month. CYP3A5, CYP2C19, and ABCB1 genotyping was performed. We defined HPPR as 5 micromol/l adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced maximal PR (PR(max)) >50%. CYP3A5 and ABCB1 polymorphisms did not influence PR. Carriers of CYP2C19 variant (*2 or *3) (n = 80) had significantly higher 5 and 20 micromol/l ADP-induced PR(max) than did noncarriers (n = 46) (40.7 +/- 16.8% vs. 30.3 +/- 12.6%, p < 0.001; 54.2 +/- 16.2% vs. 40.5 +/- 15.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). Late PR and VerifyNow results indicated consistently greater measures in carriers versus noncarriers of CYP2C19 variant. All platelet measures proportionally increased according to the number of CYP2C19 variant alleles. Twenty-seven (21.4%) patients met the criteria for HPPR. Prevalence of HPPR was 8.7%, 21.7%, and 50.0% in carriers of 0, 1, and 2 CYP2C19 variant alleles, respectively (p < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, carriage of CYP2C19 variant was a significant predictor of HPPR (odds ratio: 5.525, 95% confidence interval: 1.333 to 23.256, p = 0.018). Among PCI-treated patients receiving high-MD clopidogrel, carriage of CYP2C19 variant relates to increased PR and predicts risk of HPPR. (Adjunctive Cilostazol Versus High Maintenance-dose ClopidogrEL in Acute Myocardial Infarction [AMI] Patients According to CYP2C19 Polymorphism [ACCELAMI2C19]; NCT00915733; and Comparison of Platelet Inhibition With Adjunctive Cilostazol Versus High Maintenance-Dose Clopidogrel According to Hepatic Cytochrome 2C19 Allele (CYP2C19) Polymorphism [ACCEL2C19]; NCT00891670).

Performance of an Active Stimulating Device Using a Rope Kite or Array in the Cod End to Reduce Juvenile by-catch

* Institute of Marine Industry, Department of Marine Production technology, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyoung 650-160, Korea An active stimulating device (ASD) using a rope apparatus may operated by the flow of turbulence inside a cod end, generating variable stimuli in addition to flow-related effects to minimize the by-catch of juvenile fishes. Preliminary testing involved a hydrodynamic effect inside the cod end with a rotating rope kite or conical rope array to generate variable stimuli (visual stimuli, water flow, or physical contact with fish) to change fish position. The experimental rope kite offered more choice in rotating period and range of sweeping action; adjusting the towing line or flow velocity helped to drive fish toward the net panel and encouraged escape. The conical shape of the rope array in the cod end helped to clear a path for fish by disturbing the rigging and providing more contrast between objects, preventing an optomotor response. This enabled more black porgy to be herded toward the net at an early stage of towing. Therefore, either a conical rope array or a rotating rope kite can be used as an effective ASD to prevent juvenile by-catch. Key words: Active stimulating cod end, Black porgy, Conical rope array, Rope kite

사료 내 은행잎과 호박 첨가 급여가 육계의 성장, 소장 내 미생물 균총, 혈액 생화학 분석 및 체조직 내 항산화 작용에 미치는 영향

Department of Animal Bioscience, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, KoreaABSTRACT The current study was performed to develop natural bio-active substances as additives for the production of high quality broiler chickens. A total of 120 male 3 day-old broiler chicks were randomly allocated to CON (control), GK2.5 (ginkgo leaf 2.5%), GK5.0 (ginkgo leaf 5.0%), PK2.5 (pumpkin 2.5%) and PK5.0 (pumpkin 5.0%) of five groups in cages (24 birds per group). All birds were fed corresponding diets from 3 to 35 d of age and determined growth performance and biological parameters including blood biochemical profiles, antioxidant status and intestinal microflora. During the entire feeding trial, GK5.0 and PK5.0 groups resulted in a significantly (P<0.05) higher FCR than GK2.5 and PK2.5 groups. Plasma triglyceride significantly (P<0.05) increased in GK5.0 group compared with the other groups, and the level of alanine transaminase (ALT) increased (P<0.05) in GK5.0 and PK5.0 groups compared with that in PK2.5 group. Dietary addition of ginkgo leaf and pumpkin significantly (P<0.05) increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the small intestine. Also, the addition of 2.5% ginkgo leaf significantly (P<0.05) increased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in the liver. Futhermore, muscle GST activity significantly (P<0.05) enhanced by dietary addition of ginko leaf and pumpkin. However, the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the small intestine and muscle turned to be higher (P<0.05) in PK5.0 group. The colony forming units (CFU) of E. coli in intestinal digesta significantly (P<0.05) decreased in both ginko leaf and pumpkin supplemented groups compared with CON group. In conclusion, dietary addition of 2.5% ginko leaf and pumpkin as dietary sources can be applicable for the production of high quality broiler chickens.(Key words : ginkgo leaf, pumpkin, growth performance, antioxidant status, broiler)To whom correspondence should be addressed : isjang@jinju.ac.kr

Multiple reddish weeping nodules on the genital area of a girl

Clinical and Experimental DermatologyVolume 35, Issue 3 p. e67-e69 Multiple reddish weeping nodules on the genital area of a girl C. Y. Kim, C. Y. Kim Departments of DermatologySearch for more papers by this authorN. G. Kim, N. G. Kim Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University and Hospital, Gyeongnam, KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorC. W. Oh, C. W. Oh Departments of DermatologySearch for more papers by this author C. Y. Kim, C. Y. Kim Departments of DermatologySearch for more papers by this authorN. G. Kim, N. G. Kim Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University and Hospital, Gyeongnam, KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorC. W. Oh, C. W. Oh Departments of DermatologySearch for more papers by this author First published: 05 March 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03466.xCitations: 7 Dr Chi Yeon Kim, Department of Dermatology College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University and Hospitalk, 92 Chilam-Dong, Chinju, 660-702, Republic of KoreaE-mail: dr_chiny@hotmail.com Conflict of interest: none declared. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume35, Issue3April 2010Pages e67-e69 RelatedInformation

Usefulness ofEscherichia coli-expressed Recombinant VP6 Proteins of Group A Rotavirus in Serodiagosis of Rotavirus Infection

†Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Purpose: The serologic diagnosis of rotaviral infections is not commonly used in clinical practice, but is used in seroepidemiologic studies. In this study, the usefulness of Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant VP6 proteins of group A rotavirus in the serodiagnosis of rotavirus infections by ELISA was evaluated. Methods: The recombinant VP6 proteins of group A rotavirus expressed in E. coli Rosetta II strain were purified and identified. One hundred sera from 22 children (4 healthy neonates, 13 healthy children, and 5 immunocompromised children) who had serial sera samples prior to and after rotavirus infections were provided by the Gyeongsang National University Hospital, a member of the National Biobank of Korea. IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against rVP6 were analyzed by ELISA in all of the patients and Western blot analysis in 4 neonates. Results: ELISA tests using rVP6 proteins of group A rotavirus as antigen revealed that IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies increased after rotaviral infections in most neonates and healthy children. IgG antibodies also increased after rotaviral infections in most immunocompromised children without an adequate increase in IgM or IgA antibodies. Western blot analysis in four neonates revealed very early IgM antibody responses, even in the sera with low optical densities in ELISA tests. Conclusion: Our study showed that ELISA using rVP6 as an antigen is a valid diagnostic tool for seroepidemiologic studies of rotavirus infections and Western blot analysis is a sensitive test in detecting IgG, IgA, and and IgM antibodies in patients with rotavirus infections. (Korean J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010; 13: 134∼145)

Surgical management of intraoral ranulas in children: An analysis of 17 pediatric cases

Objective The preferred treatment of pediatric intraoral ranulas remains controversial. We present our experience with ranulas at the Gyeongsang National University Hospital and review the literature. Methods The study involved 17 children under 15 years of age who visited our hospital from 2001 to 2008 and were diagnosed with a ranula exceeding 2 cm in diameter. The age and gender of the patients, the surgical procedures, presurgical observation period, postsurgical follow-up period, and complications of each case were determined. The unruptured specimens were all subjected to detailed pathological analysis. Results The patients were on average 9.3 years and there were 10 girls and 7 boys. Spontaneous resolution was not detected in any of the cases during the presurgical observation period. Indeed, in two cases, the ranula had increased in size. The ranula and sublingual gland (SG) were resected in all cases. The average operation time was 1 h. Recurrence and complications were not detected in any of the cases. Pathological analyses revealed that there was no communication of the ranula with the SG in any of the cases. Conclusions Our experiences suggest that the presurgical observation period need not be longer than 3 months and that the resection of ranulas along with the ipsilateral SG is a safe and effective primary treatment for symptomatic pediatric intraoral ranulas that exceed 2 cm in diameter.

돈육 등심의 육색과 보수력 측정치 사이의 상관관계에 관한 연구

Sang Hun Moon*, Jin Yeon Jeong**, Gap Don Kim*, In Cheol Cho***, Jin Tae Jeon*, Seon Tea Joo* and Gu Boo Park*Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 program)*, Institute of Agriculture & Life Sciences**, Gyeongsang National University, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA***ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between measurements of color and water-holding capacity (WHC) in pork loin. A total of 419 pork loins were sampled from crossbred(Landrace×Jeju native black pig) F2 pigs at a commercial slaughter house. Meat color measurements(CIE L*, a*, b*), chroma(C*) and hue angle(h) were measured with the Minolta Chromameter and WHC was measured by filter paper fluid, drip loss and cooking loss. Also pH, moisture content and crude fat content were measured at 24 hr postmortem. CIE L*, b* and h values had positive correlation with drip loss(r=0.52, 0.42), but CIE a* and C* values were not related to drip loss. Results showed that CIE L*, b*, and h color system was better than CIE L*, a*, b* color system to predict WHC, especially drip loss. pH was negatively correlated to drip loss(0.42) and CIE L* (0.67). Although CIE L* and pH were correlated to drip loss, the accuracy of their estimates for drip loss was 27% and 17%, respectively. Consequently, it was confirmed that meat color and WHC were not perfectly related and suggested that CIE L*, b*, and h color space should not be used independently to predict WHC of pork loin.(Key words :Meat color, Water-holding capacity, Pork loin)

The Evaluation of SD Bioline Strep A Rapid Antigen Test in Acute Pharyngitis in Pediatric Clinics

Acute pharyngitis is a very common respiratory tract infection. Rapid antigen tests (RATs) that detect group A streptococci (GAS) have an advantage over conventional throat culture in determining the cause of acute pharyngitis quickly. The efficiency of RAT should be good enough to be used in the laboratory or in the clinics. From October 2008 through February 2009, throat swabs were taken from 293 children with acute pharyngitis and conveyed to the Gyeongsang National University Hospital in a transport medium. Two swabs from each patient were inoculated onto a blood agar plate, then returned to the transport medium and stored at -20 degrees C for several months. After the samples were thawed at room temperature, the SD Bioline Strep A RAT (SD, Korea) was performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SD Bioline Strep A compared with throat culture were 95.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 93.6-98.2%), 91.8% (95% CI: 88.5-95.1%), 95.9% (95% CI: 93.6-98.2%), and 91.8% (95% CI: 88.5-95.1%), respectively. The SD Bioline Strep A RAT kit can be useful as an alternative to throat cultures in the clinics for rapid diagnosis of GAS pharyngitis and for an early decision on the use of antibiotics.

마늘과 한약재 추출물의 혼합급이가 알코올 투여에 의한 간기능 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향

마늘과 한약재 추출물이 20% 알코올을 섭취한 흰쥐의 간기능 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실험군은 기본식이(Normal), 기본식이＋알코올 투여(Control), 알코올투여＋마늘 추출물 0.5%＋한약재 추출물 1.0%(GP-Ⅰ), 알코올투여＋마늘 추출물 1.0%＋한약재 추출물 1.0%(GP-Ⅱ)로 하였다. 마늘과 한약재 추출물의 급이 시 혈당은 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소되었으나, 마늘 첨가량에 따른 유의차는 적었다. 알부민 함량은 마늘 첨가량에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다. 혈청 중 총 지질, 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 함량은 마늘과 한약재 추출물의 급이 시 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 함량은 마늘의 첨가량에 따른 유의차가 없었다. LDL-콜레스테롤은 대조군에 비해 GP-Ⅰ군에서는 약 58%, GP-Ⅱ군에서는 73% 정도 감소되어, 혈중 지질 함량의 변화 중 가장 큰 폭으로 감소되었다. 간조직의 지질 함량 변화는 혈액과 비슷한 경향이었으며, GP-Ⅱ군에서 유의적으로 감소되었다. 알코올 투여로 혈청 GOT 및 r-GTP 활성은 정상군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였으나, GPT 및 ALP 활성은 유의차가 적었다. 마늘과 한약재 추출물의 급이로 GOT, GPT 및 r-GTP 활성은 유의적으로 감소되었으나, ALP 활성은 모든 실험군 간에 유의차가 없었다. 마늘과 한약재 추출물의 급이에 따른 TBARS 함량은 혈액에서 유의차가 없었으나, 간 조직에서는 마늘 첨가량에 따라 유의적으로 감소되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거에 의한 항산화활성은 혈액 및 간 조직에서 마늘의 첨가량에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다. 따라서 마늘과 한약재 추출물의 급이는 알코올성 간 기능 개선 및 예방에 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

저에너지 사료로 비육된 돼지에서 도살체중과 성장성적 및 육질과의 관계

Man Jong Park*, Jin Yeun Jeong*, Duck Min Ha**, Jae Wan Park**, Tae Geon Sim**, Han Sul Yang*,Chul Young Lee**, Seon Tea Joo* and Byung Chul Park***Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University*, Regional Animal Industry Center, Jinju National University**, CJ Corp.***ABSTRACTThe present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of slaughter weight(SW) of finishing pigs fed a low-energy diet on growth efficiency and carcass quality and thereby to assess the optimal SW.(Yorkshire×Landrace)×Duroc-crossbred gilts and barrows were fed a diet containing 3,060kcal DE/kg from 80-kg BW and slaughtered at 110, 125, or 135kg, after which the belly, the most preferred cut in Korea, as well as the least preferred cuts ham and loin were subjected to physicochemical and sensory analyses. Both ADG and ADFI were greater(P<0.05) in the group slaughtered at 125 or 135 kg than in the 110-kg-SW group, whereas the opposite was true for gain:feed(P<0.01). Backfat thickness(BFT), which increased with increasing SW(P<0.01 and P<0.05), was greater in barrows than in gilts(P<0.01); BFT of barrows at 125kg(24.6 mm) was comparable to that of gilts at 135 kg (24.2 mm). Physicochemical characteristics of the belly, ham and loin were minimally affected, if not affected, by SW; of note, however, the redness of the ham increased between 110- and 125-kg SW(P<0.05). In sensory evaluation of the belly, the fat:lean balance, which is a most important quality trait in this cut, was best(P<0.05) at 125 kg of SW, but the overall acceptability of this cut was not changed by SW. In the ham and loin, the marbling score increased(P<0.01) between 110- and 125-kg SW, whereas color, aroma, off-flavor, and drip were unaffected by SW. In addition, the acceptability of the loin increased (P<0.05) between 110- and 125-kg SW. In cooked meats, none of color, aroma, off-flavor, juiciness, tenderness, taste, and acceptability was changed by SW, except for an increase(P<0.05) in darkness of loin color between 110- and 125-kg SW. In conclusion, the optimal SW for the present subpopulation on the present low-energy diet lie in between 125 and 135 kg for gilts and at 125 kg for barrows. (Key words :Finishing pig, Slaughter weight, Growth, Carcass, Meat quality)

산수유 에탄올 추출물의 생리활성

산수유를 기능성식품 소재로서 이용하기 위하여 산수유 에탄올추출물의 생리활성을 조사하였다. 산수유 에탄올추출물의 수소공여능은 농도 의존적으로 증가되었으며, 300 및 500 ㎍/mL 농도에서 각각 64, 73%의 활성을 나타내었다. 대식세포 RAW264.7에 산수유 에탄올추출물을 100, 300 및 500 ㎍/mL의 농도로 처리하였을 때 산수유추출물은 농도 의존적으로 NO(nitric oxide)의 생성을 유도하였다. 또한 산수유 에탄올추출물을 유방암세포에 다양한 농도로 처리하여 24, 48, 72시간 반응시킨 결과 농도 및 시간에 의존적으로 유방암세포의 증식을 억제하였으며, 500 ㎍/mL 농도로 72시간 처리 시 60% 이상의 높은 증식억제율을 보여주었다. 또한, MCF-7 유방암 세포에 bisphenol과 17β-estradiol과 같은 환경호르몬을 0.1 μM의 농도로 처리하였을 때 세포의 증식이 유도되었으며, 이 세포에 산수유 에탄올추출물을 농도별로 72시간 처리하였을 때 유방암 세포의 증식이 억제되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 산수유의 기능성식품 소재로서의 활용 가능성을 시사한다.

Enhancement of Riptortus clavatus (Thunberg) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) egg parasitism by a component of the bug's aggregation pheromone

Egg parasitism of the bean bug, Riptortus clavatus (Thunberg) (Hemiptera: Alydidae), was surveyed using individual egg bags in a sweet persimmon orchard and at Gyeongsang National University (GNU) campus, Korea in 2006. The effect of ( E)-2-hexenyl ( Z)-3-hexenoate (E2HZ3H), one component of R. clavatus aggregation pheromone, on the parasitism enhancement was tested at GNU campus and in a soybean field in 2005 and 2006, respectively. In 2006, two egg parasitoid species, Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Gryon japonicum (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), emerged from R. clavatus eggs. Parasitism by O. nezarae was 9.4–48.3% in mid August to mid September in GNU campus and 6.7–30.0% at the orchard. Total parasitism by G. japonicum (2.5%) at both sites throughout the experimental period was lower than that by O. nezarae (12.5%). This survey revealed nearly no activity of the two species after October at both sites. G. japonicum was solitary and O. nezarae could be either solitary or gregarious. From a single R. clavatus egg, one female or one male G. japonicum emerged. However, an average of 4.3 O. nezarae emerged from one host egg. It took 12.6 d for G. japonicum and 12.0 d for O. nezarae to emerge from R. clavatus eggs in the laboratory. Treatment with E2HZ3H increased parasitism by O. nezarae in both years, but did not increase parasitism by G. japonicum. This suggests that E2HZ3H can be used as a kairomone to reduce the density of R. clavatus in the fields where natural parasitism by O. nezarae is high.

Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and iron-deficiency anemia in infants and children

Purpose: To elucidate a potential association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in infants and children in terms of the other factors related to iron utilization and storage although the association of ferritin was previously studied. Methods: We evaluated 135 infants (aged 6-24 months) admitted at Gyeongsang National University Hospital from 2000 to 2006. Western blot assays using the HP CagA antigen (120 kD) were conducted to identify infections. The concentrations of six parameters were measured: hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin, soluble serum transferrin receptors, interleukin-6, prohepcidin, and C-reactive protein. In addition, the infants were classified into IDA, anemia from inflammation (AI), unclassified anemia (UCA), and normal groups on the basis of Hb and ferritin concentrations. Results: In the IDA group (n=20), seven infants were infected with HP, with the other infants showing no evidence of infection. The mean Hb levels in the IDA group were significantly lower in HP-infected infants than those uninfected (7.1 vs. 8.2 g/dL, respectively); the mean ferritin levels were also significantly lower in the infected infants (3.2 vs. 6.8 µg/L). The other four parameters did not differ significantly among the IDA infants. No correlations were found between the six parameters and HP infection status in the other groups. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the HP infection rates among the study groups. However, in the IDA group, the HP-infected infants had significantly lower serum ferritin and Hb levels than the HP-negative infants (P＜0.05). (Korean J Pediatr 2009;52:544-548)

Comparison of the Effects between Positive Message and Negative Message in Diabetes Mellitus Education

Background: Given the nature and chronicity of diabetes mellitus (DM), the role of self care and adequate patient education, in addition to the support of medical profes sional, is essential in its management. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of positive messages and negative messages in DM education and to identify the superior method of motivation for self care behaviors. Methods: A total of 99 DM patients (50 positive message group: 49 negative message group) at Gyeongsang National University Hospital participated in the study. The collected data were analyzed by Chi square and t-test. Results: There were no significant differences in the attitude of messages and in the attitude of self care behaviors between the positive and negative message group, thou gh the negative message group had a significantly higher intention of self care behaviors than did the positive message group. Conclusion: These results suggest that the negative messages are more effective than positive messages for increasing the intention of self care behaviors in patients with DM. (Korean Diabetes J 33:344-352, 2009)

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities ofUreaplasma urealyticumandMycoplasma hominisin Pregnant Women

Background Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis are associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications, such as preterm birth and premature membrane rupture. The purpose of this study was to determine the isolation rates and antimicrobial susceptibilities of genital mycoplasma in a sample of pregnant women from Jinju, Korea. Methods Vaginal swabs were obtained from 258 pregnant women between 2004 and 2008 and tested for the presence of U. urealyticum and M. hominis at Gyeongsang National University Hospital. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibilities of U. urealyticum and M. hominis were determined with a commercially available kit, the Mycoplasma IST2 Kit (bioMé-rieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France), and evaluated according to standards set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results U. urealyticum only was detected in 105 specimens (38.6%), while M. hominis only was detected only in 2 specimens (1.8%). Seven specimens (6.7%) were positive both for U. urealyticum and M. hominis. Susceptibilities of U. urealyticum to azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, and doxycycline were 75.2%, 82.9%, 88.6%, and 88.6%, respectively, while almost all of the isolates were susceptible to josamycin (99.0%) and pristinamycin (100%). The susceptibility of U. urealyticum to ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was 56.2% and 15.2%, respectively. Conclusion The rate of isolation of genital mycoplasma in pregnant women was 44.2% in Jinju; most of the mycoplasma were U. urealyticum. U. urealyticum and M. hominis were highly resistant to quinolones, but susceptible to josamycin. Therefore, empirical treatment without prior identification and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility of genital mycoplasma will fail in many cases.

Human ACAT Inhibitory Effects of Flavonoids from Sophora flavescens

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), EB-NCRC, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, KoreaReceived August 11, 2008Key Words : Sophora flavescens, Human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT), LavandulylflavanoneAcyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT, EC2.3.1.26) is the primary cellular enzyme that catalyzes theformation of cholesteryl esters from cholesterol and fattyacyl-coenzyme A.

Mg2+-dependency of the Helical Conformation of the P1 Duplex of the Tetrahymena Group I Ribozyme

Joon-Hwa LeeDepartment of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Science, and Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Korea. E-mail: joonhwa@gnu.ac.krReceived July 31, 2008The P1 duplex of Tetrahymena group I ribozyme is the important system for studying the conformationalchanges in folding of ribozyme. The formation of the P1 duplex between IGS and substrate RNA and thecatalytic activity of ribozyme require a variety of metal ions such as Mg

급이 및 비급이 참돔의 색, 맛 및 영양성분 비교

Division of Marine Bioscience/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 650-160, KoreaAbstractFor the effective use of cultured red seabream, the muscle color, taste and nutrition components between red seabreams cultured by feeding and starving were compared. The proximate composition of red seabream muscle cultured by starving (RCS) was 72.7% moisture, 21.1% protein, 3.7% lipid and 1.4% crude ash. In comparison to red seabream muscle cultured by feeding (RCF), moisture and crude lipid of RCS were each 3% higher and 3% lower. No difference was, however, found in the other proximate compositions. The Hunter color value of RCS was 37.52 for L value, -1.47 for a value, 0.71 for b value and 59.33 for ΔE value, which was slightly higher in the L value than that of red seabream muscle cultured feeding (RCF); however, no differences were found in the other Hunter color values. TCA soluble-N content of RCS was 403.8 mg/100 g, which was higher than that of RCF (314.7 mg/100 g). In taste values, the major free amino acids of both RCS and RCF were glutamic acid, alanine, lysine and histidine. Total amino acid content of RCS was 21.2 g/100 g, which was higher than that of RCF. The mineral content of RCS was slightly higher in potassium than that of RCF, while lower in magnesium. According to the result of sensory evaluation, RCS was superior in taste and texture to RCF, while similar in color and flavor.Key words: red seabream, starved red seabream, sliced raw fish, starved fish

Evaluation of silicate iron slag amendment on reducing methane emission from flood water rice farming

Application of electron acceptors such as ferric iron oxides and hydroxides for controlling methane (CH 4) emission from wetland rice fields deserves special attention due to its dominant role over all other redox species in wetland soils. Silicate iron slag (hereafter, silicate fertilizer), a byproduct of steel industry containing electron acceptors, was applied in paddy field (Agronomy Farm, Gyeongsang National University, South Korea) at the rate of 0, 1, 2 and 4 Mg ha −1 to investigate their effects on reducing CH 4 emissions from flood water rice ( Oryza sativa, cv. Dongjinbyeo) farming during 2006–2007. CH 4 emission rates measured by closed-chamber method decreased significantly ( p < 0.05) with increasing levels of silicate fertilizer application during rice cultivation. Soil redox potential (Eh) showed a contrasting response to CH 4 emission rates. The concentrations of dissolved iron materials in percolated water, and the active and free iron oxides in soil significantly increased with the applications of silicate fertilizer, which acted as oxidizing agents and electron acceptors, and eventually suppressed CH 4 emissions during the rice growing seasons. Total CH 4 emission was decreased by 16–20% with 4 Mg ha −1 silicate fertilizer application and simultaneously rice grain yield was increased by 13–18%. Silicate fertilization significantly stimulated rice plant growth, especially root biomass, root volume and porosity, which might have improved rhizosphere oxygen concentration, and then partially contributed to reduce CH 4 emission through enhancing methane oxidation. Therefore, silicate fertilizer could be a good soil amendment for reducing CH 4 emission as well as increasing rice productivity in wetland paddy field.

Effect of T-G and T-T Mismatches of cis-syn Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer on the Thermal Stabilities of DNA Decamer Duplexes

Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Korea. E-mail: joonhwa@gnu.ac.kr Gyeongnam Science High School, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-851, Korea Department of Chemistry, National Creative Research Initiative Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea. E-mail: byongseok.choi@kaist.ac.kr Received January 25, 2008