Gyeongnam Province Research Articles

Assessment of extinction risk of the endemic plant Coreanomecon hylomeconoides by species distribution modeling and climate change scenarios

Climate change poses a significant threat to the survival of endemic plants that depend on narrow geographical ranges and specific environmental conditions. This study developed an ensemble model using six algorithms, applying climate change scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) based on the habitat data (109 sites) of Coreanomecon hylomeconoides (Hereafter referred to as Coreanomecon), a plant endemic to the Korean Peninsula, and evaluated changes in geography, climate change sensitivity, and niche overlap. The analysis showed that the current geographical center of Coreanomecon is in the southern temperate vegetation climate zone (Jeonnam and Gyeongnam provinces). The final period of the climate change scenarios (2071-2100) predicted a rapid reduction in the range of Coreanomecon, except for high-altitude mountain areas (–94.3% in SSP1-2.6, –99.9% in SSP3-7.0, and –100.0% in SSP5-8.5). In particular, under SSP5-8.5, the potential habitat and niche overlap could be eliminated. Coreanomecon, a southern plant, is highly vulnerable to climate change, necessitating targeted in-situ conservation, including the protection of highelevation refugia and the consideration of assisted migration.

Factors influencing seogeulpeum among middle-aged Korean women

Objective This study aimed to examine factors associated with seogeulpeum (a feeling of loneliness and solitude) – including aging anxiety, menopausal symptoms, social support and self-efficacy – in middle-aged women to provide fundamental data for future research endeavors. Methods One hundred and fifty-nine women aged 40–60 years were recruited from two cities in Gyeongnam Province and Busan City. Gu and Eun’s Seogeulpeum Scale was employed to evaluate seogeulpeum, alongside questionnaires to assess menopause status and symptoms, self-efficacy, social support and aging anxiety. To determine factors influencing seogeulpeum, a multiple stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Results The average seogeulpeum score was 2.4 ± 0.44, indicating a moderate level of seogeulpeum experienced by the participants. Seogeulpeum was positively correlated with aging anxiety and menopausal symptoms, and negatively with self-efficacy and social support, among which aging anxiety most significantly influenced seogeulpeum. Aging anxiety, menopausal symptoms and social support combined accounted for 60.9% of the variation observed in seogeulpeum. Conclusions The findings indicate the importance of health interventions aimed at reducing aging anxiety and menopausal symptoms and enhancing social support for promoting well-being and facilitating a healthy menopausal transition among middle-aged women. Additionally, seogeulpeum can serve as a valuable process indicator during this stage of multiple transitions for women.

Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Smilax china Rhizome from Different Regions

This study aimed to investigate variations in the phytochemical compound contents and antioxidant potential of the ethanol rhizome extracts of Smilax china L., belonging to the Liliaceae family, from different parts of Korea, namely Uiwang (Mt. Gamnamugol), Gyeonggi Province (SC1); Geochang, Gyeongnam Province (SC2); Yeongwol, Gangwon Province (SC3); and Chungju, Chungbuk Province (SC4). The phenolic and flavonoid contents, radical scavenging activity, and proximate composition of the ethanol extracts from the rhizome samples were determined. The total polyphenol content (TPC) of the extracts ranged between 13.6 and 67.5 mg tannic acid equivalent/g. TPC analysis showed that TPC was higher in SC2 than in SC3, SC4, or SC1. Among the rhizome samples, the SC3 rhizomes had the highest total flavonoid content (TFC) (5.2 mg quercetin equivalents/g). Additionally, SC2 showed the highest radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS+ radicals. Chemical characterization using UPLC/UV revealed that the extracts contained compounds such as apiin, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, and chlorogenic acid. Specifically, in SC2, chlorogenic acid was the dominant compound, which supported the levels observed in the UPLC/UV and HPLC/ELSD investigations. Dioscin, another phytochemical, was detected in SC2, SC3, and SC4, indicating the diversity of compounds among the rhizome extracts. Variations in the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity were observed in the extracts from the different regions, underlining the role of geographical variation in the functional characteristics of S. china. The observed differences could have important implications for the medicinal use of S. china extracts in applications such as anti-inflammatory treatments, diabetes management, and potential anticancer therapies. This study underscores the critical need to consider geographical origin when sourcing and utilizing S. china for therapeutic purposes, as it may significantly impact its bioactive profile and efficacy.

Peony Stem Rots by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Antifungal Propineb and Bacillus siamensis H30-3 against the Two Fungal Species

In July 2022, stem rot symptom was found in a peony plant grown in a pot under a greenhouse at Jinju, Gyeongnam Province, South Korea. Two fungal species were isolated from the infected peony stems and cultured on 1/2-strength potato dextrose agar for identification. The morphological characteristics of the fungal isolates were examined, and nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region, β-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1-α were analysed. The pathogenicity of the two isolates was confirmed in detached peony leaves, according to Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the report of Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as the causal agents of peony stem rots. Antifungal activity of chemical fungicide propineb and rhizobacterium Bacillus siamensis H30-3 was shown against the two plant pathogenic fungi N. clavispora and S. sclerotiorum. Unidentified diffusible and volatile compounds from B. siamensis H30-3 could suppress in vitro mycelial growths of N. clavispora JJ 8-2-1 and S. sclerotiorum JJ 8-2-2.

Residents’ support for Hyperloop development and their travel intention: a case study of Gyeongnam Province, South Korea

ABSTRACT The Hyperloop infrastructure development in Korea has become a multi-billion-dollar project. Although Hyperloop trains will bring considerable benefits to local communities, little is known about how residents perceive Hyperloop infrastructure. Drawing from the means-end chain framework, this study explores the causal relationships between the perceived benefits of Hyperloop development, how residents perceive its value, whether they support Hyperloop, and their intention to travel on Hyperloop. A total of 592 residents of Gyeongnam Province, South Korea, completed an online survey. The results revealed that (1) the perceived benefits of Hyperloop development directly lead to a positive image and perceived value of Hyperloop trains; (2) the image of Hyperloop travel significantly influences its perceived value; and (3) perceived value directly influences residents’ support for Hyperloop development and intention to travel on Hyperloop trains. The study’s results contribute to the tourism literature, with implications for policymakers, tasked with promoting Hyperloop development.

조선 전기 민간(民間)의 차생산과 유통 형태 고찰

This study examined the tea production and distribution by the private sector in the first half of the Joseon era. After researching various government-issued geography sections, history records, and tea poems, evidence of tea production and distribution by the private sector was found. National geography sections listed 32-35 tea production areas in Gyeongnam and Jeonra province, but other areas also produced teas according to tea poems. On the other hand, a certain region was listed as a tea production area on the national record whenin fact, it was no longer. Teas produced were distributed in tea shops, tea merchants, and markets. In addition, some scholars and temples produced teas and shared them as the form of a present. These findings suggest that, although there is insufficient direct information on tea production and distribution, enough evidence was found to assume tea production and distribution from the private sector encompassing teas for the central government and general use.

Molecular epidemiological surveillance and complete genome analysis of porcine circoviruses in wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Gyeongnam Province, South Korea.

Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a global concern due to its financial impact on the pig industry. Molecular epidemiology of PCV2 and PCV3 in wild boars is essential for understanding viral dispersal and evolution in the wild boar population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and genotypic traits of PCV2 and PCV3 in wild boars in the Gyeongnam region. Serum samples from wild boars in Gyeongnam Province were screened for PCV2 and PCV3, and polymerase chain reaction-positive samples were further subjected to genotyping and whole-genome sequencing of PCV2 and PCV3. Thirty-eight samples tested positive for PCV2, 7 for PCV3, and 2 for PCV2 and PCV3 (coinfection). PCV2d and PCV3b are the dominant genotypes, causing PCV2 and PCV3 coinfections. Wild boar PCV2 and PCV3 viruses closely resemble their corresponding genotypic strains circulating in South Korea. The circulation of PCV2 and/or PCV3 in wild species poses an additional challenge for commercial pig farming due to potential contact with infected wild boars. Our findings highlight the necessity for active monitoring and surveillance of wild boars and the enforcement of stringent biosecurity measures on commercial swine farms to mitigate the risk of PCV spillover to the domestic pig population.

Breeding of the High-Quality Medium-Late Maturing Rice Variety ‘Aram’ in Gyeongnam Province

Breeding of the High-Quality Medium-Late Maturing Rice Variety ‘Aram’ in Gyeongnam Province

Estimation of Carbon Storage and Calculation of Standing Tree Volume of Bamboo Forests in Gyeongnam Province

Estimation of Carbon Storage and Calculation of Standing Tree Volume of Bamboo Forests in Gyeongnam Province

Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of violence experience and emotional labor on burnout among tertiary hospital nurses. This study is a correlation study that tests the relationship between variables. Methods: Subjects were 127 nurses working at a Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeong-Nam Province and data were collected from August 27 to 31, 2018. The questionnaire included violence experience, emotional labor, and burnout. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression analysis using SPSS Win 21.0. Results: The mean score of verbal violence was 2.21±0.67, that of physical threat was 1.49±0.51, that of physical violence was 1.21±0.21, that of emotional labor was 3.62±0.67, and that of burnout was 3.21±0.60. Burnout has the positive relationship with the emotional labor (r=0.59, <i>p</i><0.001), verbal violence(r=0.50, <i>p</i><0.001), physical threat (r=0.44, <i>p</i>< 0.001); emotional labor has the positive relationship with verbal violence (r=0.40, <i>p</i>< 0.001) and physical threat(r=0.44, <i>p</i>< 0.001). Factors affecting burnout included emotional labor (β=0.44, <i>p</i>< 0.001), verbal violence (β=0.26, <i>p</i>=0.001), and unmarried (β=0.22, <i>p</i>=0.001), with 47.2% explanatory power (F=38.17, <i>p</i><0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that emotional labor and experience of verbal violence are factors that exacerbate burnout in nurses. Therefore, a strategy is needed to reduce emotional labor and exposure to verbal violence.

스포츠 팬 태도 분석 : 운동선수의 스캔들 유형과 위기커뮤니케이션 전략을 중심으로

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate if there are significant differences in various sport fan attitudes (e.g., team attitude, brand attitude, athlete attitude, and acceptance of strategies) depending on the types of professional athlete’s scandals (on-field vs. off-field) and types of crisis communication strategies (accommodative vs. defensive).BR Method: To achieve the purpose, data were collected from 400 professional baseball fans (over 18 years old) living in Gyeongnam province. Of the 400 questionnaires, a total of 363 questionnaires were employed for final data analysis after excluding 37 incomplete questionnaires. Data were mainly analyzed through Two-way Analysis of Covariances (ANCOVAs) using SPSS 22.0.BR Results: The results of this study are as follows. First, there was a significant interaction effect on team attitude between types of scandals and types of crisis communication strategies. Specifically, team attitude was the most positive when an accommodative strategy with an on-field scandal situation, while it was the least positive when a defensive strategy with an on-field scandal situation. Second, the results related to brand attitude were the same as those of team attitude. Third, there was no significant interaction effect on athlete attitude between types of scandals and types of crisis communication strategies. Lastly, there were significant interaction effects on the acceptance of strategies between types of scandals and types of crisis communication strategies. Specifically, acceptance of strategies was the highest when an accommodative strategy with an on-field scandal situation, while it was the lowest when a defensive strategy with an on-field scandal situation.BR Conclusion: The overall findings of this study provide meaningful and practical implications on what types of crisis communication strategies should be used based on types of scandals.

Clinical and histopathological analyses of kidney biopsies in a single center for 7 years.

Kidney biopsy is the most important tool for diagnosing kidney disease and can be helpful in determining treatment and prognosis. Pathological spectra vary by country, region, race, sex, and age. We are the first to investigate the pathological spectrum of biopsy-proven kidney disease in Gyeongnam province of South Korea. We retrospectively analyzed 631 patients who underwent a kidney biopsy between 2013 and 2019 at Gyeongsang National University Hospital. The mean age of the 631 patients was 51.5 ± 18.1 years, and 361 patients (57.2%) were male. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate by serum creatinine (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD-EPI]) was 68.0 ± 45.7 mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean systolic blood pressure was higher in 2017, 2018, and 2019 than in 2013 (P = .002). Hypertension (47.4%) was the most common comorbid disease, followed by diabetes (18.2%) and dyslipidemia (10.9%). Common clinical syndromes at the time of biopsy were renal insufficiency (42.0%) and nephrotic syndrome (33.9%). The prevalence of primary and secondary glomerular disease and tubulointerstitial disease were 71.4%, 16.9%, and 5.4%, respectively. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy was the most common primary glomerular disease (34.9%). Diabetic nephropathy was the most common secondary glomerular disease, followed by lupus nephritis. Tubulointerstitial disease was underestimated, as in other reports. Our data can be a useful reference for diagnosing kidney disease and understanding the patients in our province.

"경상남·북도 논매기소리 공간분포와 전파 특성에 관한 연구 - 지형요소를 중심으로 -"

In this study, the spatial distribution and diffusion characteristics of the Chingching-i, Sangsa and Ipmal in Gyeongnam and Gyeongbuk provinces were analyzed using geomorphic elements. By examining the drainage network, we found that the Chingching-i is dominant along the Nakdong river, Wangpi stream, Hyeongsan river, Hwang river and Namgang, The Sangsa was widespared along the Nakdong river, Miryang river, Hwang river, Yangsan stream. The Ipmal appeared along the flow path of the Nakdong river, Naeseong stream, and Yangsan stream. A lineament analysis indicated that the chingching-i, Sangsa, and Ipmal are generally distributed along the NE-SW direction, coinciding with the strike of the Sobaek Mountains, the NS and NNE-SSW directions, coinciding with the strike of the Taebaek Mountains, and the Yangsan Fault zone. The whole intersection between these lineaments acted as a medium for smooth spreading of the sounds to neighboring regions. The findings of the present research can be used as basic data for regional classifiying the Gyeongsang Province using the spatial distribution characteristics of rice-paddy weeding songs, and it will be possible to build a spatial database.

유아교사의 교육신념과 교사역량이 유아의 2019 개정 누리과정 교육내용 경험 정도에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of early childhood teachers’ educational beliefs and teacher competencies on the degree of young children’s experience in the 2019 Nuri curriculum education contents. Methods For data collection, 302 early childhood teachers in Gyeongnam province were surveyed by questionnaires about teachers’ educational beliefs, teacher competency, and the degree of young children’s experience in the 2019 Nuri curriculum education contents from 2 Feb. 2022 to 26. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s α, and hierarchical regression analysis were used by SPSS 25.0. Results First, early childhood teachers' educational beliefs were high in maturationism, low in activism, and high in teacher competency, and the degree of young children’s experience in the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum education contents was high. Second, there was a significant positive correlation among the teachers’ educational beliefs, teacher competencies, and the degree of young children’s experience in the 2019 Nuri curriculum education contents. Third, teachers’ educational beliefs and teacher competencies were found to influence on the degree of young children’s experience in the 2019 Nuri curriculum education contents. Conclusions This results suggest that in order to enhance the degree of young children’s experience in the 2019 Nuri curriculum education contents, teache

Pathogen Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Aethina tumida Murray in South Korea

Abstract The small hive beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida Murray, is a parasite of honey bee colonies and causes the fermentation of honey as well as colony collapse. Outbreaks have been confirmed in Africa, America, Europe as well as Asia, where an outbreak was reported in the Philippines and South Korea in 2014 and 2017, respectively. In South Korea, in September 2016, this honey bee parasite was first identified in apiaries in Miryang, Gyeongnam Province. However, the invasion pathway of SHB has not been identified, and honey bee pathogens harbored by SHB have not been well characterized. Therefore, phylogenetic analysis of SHB with the use of COI gene and detection of fourteen common honey bee pathogens were conducted in this study. The confirmation of the fourteen honey bee pathogens in SHB showed that this beetle carries black queen cell virus and deformed wing virus. Therefore, SHB could have a role in the spread of these viruses. The way of entry of the SHB to South Korea remains undetermined, but the phylogenetic analysis of the COI gene revealed that it was most similar to species found in the USA. There is an urgent need for national-level monitoring and quarantine measures for preventing the spread of SHB infestation in South Korea.

The Benefit of the Wind: Testing the Rally Effect of North Korea Shocks during the Park Geun-hye Administration

The "rally-'round-the-flag effect" sparked by North Korea (the so-called 'Northern Wind') has been an important part of South Korean domestic politics. Despite the long history and controversy associated with politics of Northern Wind, the literature provides surprisingly little quantitative evidence on this phenomenon. In this study, we empirically investigate the relationship between North Korean-induced incidents and former President Park Geun-hye's weekly job approval ratings. Using vector autoregressions, we find that (1) President Park gained political benefits from North Korea, where negative events (e.g., armed attacks) generated a larger boost in approval than positive events (e.g., high-level talks); (2) rally effects varied across regions according to different perceptions of the North Korean regime: during security crisis, Park received the largest rallies in Gyeongnam province where the dominant image of North Korea was an 'enemy that threatens our safety'; and (3) a test of nuclear weapons or intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) did not affect approval ratings even though it captured widespread media attention.

중소병원 간호사의 안전 동기, 상사 신뢰, 조직 의사소통 만족, 환자 안전 침묵이 근접 오류보고 의향에 미치는 영향

This study conducted to provide basic data on developing management and intervention strategies for improving near miss reporting in small and medium-sized hospitals by identifying the degree of willingness of nurses to report near miss and factors influencing their willingness to report such occurrences. The participants were 205 nurses. who were recruited from the 4 small and medium-sized hospitals with more than 200 beds in K-city, Gyeongnam Province. The structured questionnaire was self-administered from June 20 to July 20, 2019. Data were analyzed through the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. According to the results of this study, The degree of participants’ willingness to report near miss was 73.41 out of 100 points. The degree of patient safety silence was 2.27 out of 5 points . The degree of the safety motivation was 3.22 out of 5 points . The degree of faith in supervisor was 4.01 out of 5 points . The degree of satisfaction with the organization's communication was 3.31 out of 5 points . The factor of patient safety motivation(β=.328, p<.001), patient safety silence(β=-.285, p<.001), and safety accident reporting procedure(β=.142, p=.021) were impact on the willingness to report the near-miss level of nurses. The total explanatory power accounted for 26.2%. In conclusion, factors that affect the willingness of nurses to report near misses in small and medium-sized hospitals were safety motivation, patient safety silence, and safety accident reporting procedures. Therefore, in order to increase the willingness of nurses to report near miss in small and medium-sized hospitals, safety incentives should be enhanced through patient safety education, and communication training programs for individuals. Moreover, organizations should be applied to reduce patient safety silence. Additionally, the reporting procedure should be clarified and simplified so that nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals understand w the safety accident reporting procedure well and can access it easily.

Crop Residue Burning Emissions and the Impact on Ambient Particulate Matters over South Korea

In the study, crop residue burning (CRB) emissions were estimated based on field surveys and combustion experiments to assess the impact of the CRB on particulate matter over South Korea. The estimates of CRB emissions over South Korea are 9514, 8089, 4002, 2010, 172,407, 7675, 33, and 5053 Mg year−1 for PM10, PM2.5, OC, EC, CO, NOx, SO2, and NH3, respectively. Compared with another study, our estimates in the magnitudes of CRB emissions were not significantly different. When the CRB emissions are additionally considered in the simulation, the monthly mean differences in PM2.5 (i.e., △PM2.5) were marginal between 0.07 and 0.55 μg m−3 over South Korea. Those corresponded to 0.6–4.3% in relative differences. Additionally, the △PM10 was 0.07–0.60 μg m−3 over South Korea. In the spatial and temporal aspects, the increases in PM10 and PM2.5 were high in Gyeongbuk (GB) and Gyeongnam (GN) provinces in June, October, November, and December.

Genome-wide association study of reproductive traits of Hanwoo in Gyeongnam province

Genome-wide association study of reproductive traits of Hanwoo in Gyeongnam province

Occurrence of Leaf Spot Disease on Watermelon Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae

Typical bacterial symptoms, water-soaking brown and black leaf spots with yellow halo, were observed on watermelon seedlings in nursery and field of Gyeongnam and Jeonnam provinces. Bacterial isolates from the lesion showed strong pathogenicity on watermelon and zucchini. One of them was rod-shaped with 4 polar flagella by observation of transmission electron microscopy. They belonged to LOPAT group 1. The phylogenical trees with nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA and multi-locus sequencing typing with the 4 house-keeping genes (gapA, gltA, gyrB, and rpoD) of the isolates showed they were highly homologous to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and grouped together with them, indicating that they were appeared as P. syringae genomospecies group 1. Morphological, physiological, and genetical characteristics of the isolates suggested they are P. syringae pv. syringae. We believe this is the first report that P. syringae pv. syringae caused leaf spot disease on watermelon in the Republic of Korea.