adoptingmilitary trappings such as uniforms, and to defend themselves against violence. Despite some support from gun manufactur ers, such blatant adoption ofmasculine privi legeprovoked backlash, revealed especially in thepress' unflatteringand sexualized coverage of Russia's all-female Battalion of Death. Mean while, woman physicians offeredtheirservices to the military and demanded officerstatus in return.Though they failed to secure official rank, many traveledtoEurope toprovidemedi cal services to civilians, particularly women and children victimized bywartime violence. Jensen calls theirwork, which survived well into thepost-WorldWar II era, "an important part of the history of women's antiviolence activism" (p. 115). Nurses also sought officer status, not only as a means for professional advancement but also to protect themselves in a "hostile, sexu alized workplace environment" (p. 117).Their campaign reveals a shiftin theprofession and inwomen's politics; before thewar, nursing leaders insisted that nurses' professionalism and middle-class respectabilitywould shield themfrom danger, but inpetitions, letters, and organizing campaigns, nurses described con sistent "humiliations and indignities," mostly from the male doctors with whom theyserved (p. 134).They demanded officerstatus (which they failed to achieve) as protection against workplace harassment. Mobilizing Minerva's last chapter discusses the gendered dimensions of demobilization. Fearful that returning soldiers would wreak havoc onAmerican society through crime and radicalism, civic leaders,policymakers, and the popular press sought to reinforce and update theProtector-Protected script. In a foreshad owing of thepost-World War II gender order, women were "targeted as those responsible for shepherding men" into appropriate roles as workers and husbands, or "consumer civilians" (p. 153). These wartime campaigns for fuller citizenship rights in effectfailed;women did not gain equal rightsto military service,nor did Jensen'ssubjectsdevelop a theoreticalchallenge to violence against women. Their campaigns thus reveal thepersistence of gendered citizen ship despite the suffragevictory. Jensen makes impressive use of visual sources, analyzing gun advertisements, hospital layouts, posters, and photographs with care and insight, and she places her storywithin an impressively broad body of scholarship. Like scholars of women's labor activism, social reform, and African American women's orga nizing, her analysis reveals the expansiveness of the early twentieth century campaign for women's rights. Women's activists demanded not only thevote but also professional advance ment, state service, and protection from vio lence. Jensen might have paid greaterattention to the roleof race and class in these campaigns; while she addresses class differences among nurses and notes that African American women were largely excluded from these efforts,she could have more fully explored the racial and class boundaries around the Protector Protected script.Overall, though,Mobilizing Minerva is a useful analysis that contributes thoughtfullyto thehistory ofwomen, gender, war, and antiviolence activism and joins a growing body of literaturethatplaces the suf frage campaign within a much wider context of women's activism. Marisa Chappell Oregon State University AMERICANPERCEPTIONS OF IMMIGRANT AND INVASIVE SPECIES: STRANGERS ON THE LAND by Peter Coates University of California Press, Berkeley, 2006. Illustrations, photographs, notes, index. 266 pages. $39.95 cloth. Finding myself inMilwaukee last summer during the big annual Ecological Society of 302 OHQ vol. no, no. 2 America (ESA) conference, I could not help eavesdropping on several of the paper ses sions.What were all those bug collectors and flower counters (more thana thousand) talking about? Well, itwas not "ecosystem manage ment" or "ecological health" but "invasive species" that seemed tobe the main ecological buzz words. In our day, when conservationists are wondering how to stop or control those pervasive nonnative-alien-exotic creatures marching across our countryside, theoretical ecologists are askingwhat makes these plants and animals invasive, tracking the resulting ecosystemic changes, or trying to predict an alien's invasiveness. By many accounts, exotic creatures are disrupting and transforming landscapes and threateningbiodiversitywhile inflictingcostlydamages ? even compromis ing identity. But the invading exotics may occasionally confer advantages to natural and cultural systems. Ivory towers, government divisions, and grassroots organizations are now dedicating a greatdeal of energytounderstand ing and coping with a world filling up with thebiological other. Itwould seem that a little history isneeded. Peter Coates has risen to the task.While there already exist scattered chronologies of specificplants or animals brought infrom afar, which may listinformationabout arrivaldates, summaries of cultural and economic effects...