Gulf Of Antalya Research Articles

Akdeniz’in Bazı Ekonomik Deniz Ürünü Türlerinde Esansiyel Olmayan Potansiyel Toksik İz Elementlerin Birikimi

This study was conducted to determine the levels of some nonessential potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) (Ag, Al, As, Ni, Sn) of some economically important seafood species (Mullus barbatus, Linnaeus, 1758, Mugil cephalus, Linnaeus, 1758, Panaeus semisulcatus, De Haan, 1844) caught in the Gulf of Antalya Mediterranean Sea by using ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optic Emission Spectrophotometer). The averages and the standard deviations of the results of the samples were determined as Ag (0.030±0.017 mg/kg), Al (12.163±7.298 mg/kg), As (0.269±0.121 mg/kg), Ni (0.084±0.067 mg/kg), Sn (0.022±0.003 mg/kg) for the Red Mullet (M. barbatus), Ag (0.038±0.024 mg/kg), Al (11.120±4.019 mg/kg), As (0.140±0.082 mg/kg), Ni (0.060±0.050 mg/kg), Sn (0.022±0.003 mg/ kg) for the Grey Mullet (M. cephalus), Ag (0.032±0.029mg/kg), Al (20.924±9.829 mg/kg), As (0.249±0.116 mg/kg), Ni (0.124±0.102 mg/ kg), Sn (0.026±0.004 mg/kg) for the Green Tiger Prawn (P. semisulcatus). The determined levels of trace elements were below the available daily intake limits except Al. Also evaluation of other studies conducted in the Gulf of Antalya, Al levels are higher. These results showed that, although increasing the legal rules about environmental pollution, seafood species which caught from the Gulf are exposed to Al in a higher rate.

The expanded population of Amphistegina lobifera at Üç Adalar and Beş Adalar (Antalya, Turkey)

The foraminiferal test is one of the principal sources of CaCO3 in oceans. The principal habitats of Amphistegina include the Indo-Pacific islands and the Caribbean Sea. Although quite rare in the Aegean Sea Amphistegina lobifera is typical of various regions throughout the eastern Mediterranean and has also been reported from the middle and north Aegean Sea. But, on the south-western coast of Turkey it is found in extensive amounts, to such an extent that, it forms a 50 cm thick layer of sand and changes the benthic structure, as well as the ecology. Our results are based upon 12 samples from Uc Adalar (Antalya), and 13 samples from Bes Adalar (Antalya) collected from 4–30 m of depth. Each sample contains a high proportion of A. lobifera within the sediment. The exaggerated proportion of the A. lobifera test on the benthos points to certain conditions. Other benthic foraminiferans are not only scarce in genus and species number, but they are also found in very small populations. Even though there is no evidence of volcanic activity from west of the Gulf of Antalya, tectonic activity is present, resulting in formation of submarine springs which are located on the active faults. The presence of limestones with karstic characteristics in the Taurus Mountains combined with submarine springs cause salinity and temperature variations, as well as an increase in CaCO3 in the seawater. So alterations in the chemical and physical conditions of seawater may be responsible for this enormous expansion of the A. lobifera population.

Pathology and molecular identification of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) infection in the John Dory, Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758) caught in Mediterranean Sea

One specimen of John Dory, Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758), was caught from commercial sites at the costs of Gulf of Antalya at Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Zeus faber was dissected carefully. After examination Anisakidae larvae were recovered from in the abdominal cavity, liver and muscles. A total of eight larvae were found in the abdominal cavity and seven larvae encapsulated on surface of liver at necropsy. In the macroscopic examination, liver was seen to pale and surface of the capsula was haemorhagic with subcapsular cysts including larvae in 0.3 cm diameter. In the histopathologic examination severe degeneration and hepatic necrosis was identified. Just below the liver capsula, Anisakis larvae were seen covered with fibrous capsula. The larvae morphologically identified as Anisakis larvae Type I were subjected to further molecular characterization by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to identify the species. All Anisakis larvae were identified at species level by PCR-RFLP as belonging to A. pegreffii. Within the present study, for the first time, we report on the molecular identification of A. pegreffii larvae from John Dory, Z. faber, and we describe their pathological significance in a paratenic or intermediate hosts in Turkish waters

First record of an exotic hippolytid shrimp in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

The alien hippolytid shrimp Lysmatakempi Chace, 1997 (= Hippolysmatadentata Kemp, 1914) , never recorded after its original description fromthe Eastern Indian Ocean, is reported for the first time in the easternMediterranean Sea (Gulf of Antalya), with remarks on its taxonomy.

Technical characteristics of deep-sea longline for dusky grouper in the Gulf of Antalya (Mediterranean Sea)

Bu çalışma, Antalya Körfezi’nde orfozlar için kullanılan derinsu paraketalarının teknik özellikleri ve avlama yöntemini ilk kez rapor etmektedir. Toplam tekne ve iğne sayısı ile paraketa uzunluğu sırasıyla 14 tekne (Anamur – Finike arası), 10000 iğne ve 100 km olarak tahmin edilmiştir

Additional Records of <I>Champsodon Vorax</I> and <I>Champsodon Capensis</I> (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Champsodontidae) from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

On 25 September 2012, seven individuals of Champsodon vorax Günther, 1867 and five individuals of Champsodon capensis Regan, 1908 were captured during a bottom trawl activity, from a depth of 30–100 m in the Gulf of Antalya, Turkey. Both species are Lessepsian migrants, previously reported in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. C. vorax is being reported for the first time from Turkey, whereas C. capensis is recorded for the first time in the Gulf of Antalya.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ALIEN GASTROPOD Melibe viridis (KELAART, 1858) (OPISTOBRANCHIA: TETHYIDAE) IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SHORES OF TURKEY

In this study, distribution of Melibe viridis (Kelaart, 1858) which is an alien dendronotacean nudibranch (Gastropoda) in Turkish Mediterranean Shores is determined. This mollusc was observed on a soft sediment bottom (sandy) covered with algal beds mainly composed of Ace-tebulum acetebularia, neptun grass (Penicillus capitatus) and the invasive chlorophyta Cau-lerpa scallpeliformis. One specimen of M. viridis was observed during SCUBA diving activity in Konyaalti beach at a depth of 12 meters, 4 September 2011, in the Gulf of Antalya.

LIPIDIOZIS IN CAPTIVE REARED BLUEFIN TUNA (Thunnus thynnus L.1758) FROM THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION IN TURKEY

In this study was investigated histological alteration associated with frozen baitfish feeding of cage-reared bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Gulf of Antalya in Turkey. For this purpose, liver, heart and skeletal muscle samples taken from wild (control) and cage-reared bluefin tuna (70 to 150 kg, n = 25) were examined by histologic methods. As a result of in this study was observed vacuolation of the hepatocytes depending on the lipid accumulation in the liver parenchyma and lipid deposits in the cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues cells in cage-reared bluefin tuna. Thus, negative affects of feeding with wet foods have high content of fat and protein in the health of cage-reared bluefin tuna were determined.

The First Record of Pink Glass Shrimp (Pasiphaea multidentata) From In The Gulf Of Antalya/Turkey

A different kind of shrimp species having 10.430 g weight, 45 mm carapace width and 130 mm total length was recognized during shrimp catching with deep sea trawl net. It was identified that this species was Pink Glass Shrimp (Pasiphaea multidentata) and there is no record of this specimen in the Gulf of Antalya/ Turkey.

Westward extension of the Indo-Pacific cardinal fish Apogon fasciatus (White, 1790) along the Turkish coast

On December 1st 2011, five specimens of the broadbanded cardinalfish Apogon fasciatus (White, 1790) were captured from the Gulf of Antalya. This observation documents the westward expansion of this alien species along the Turkish coasts.

Lg Wave Attenuation in the Isparta Angle and Anatolian Plateau (Turkey)

We estimate Lg wave attenuation using local and regional seismic phases in the Isparta Angle and the Anatolian Plateau (Turkey). The Isparta Angle (IA) is a tectonically active zone forming the boundary between the African Plate and the Anatolian Plateau, and is currently undergoing N–S extensional deformation. The Anatolian Plateau contains many intra-continental faults including the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the East Anatolian Fault Zone as well as the Menderes Massif. A large waveform data set was compiled from a variety of local and regional seismic networks including 121 digital seismic stations (broad-band and short period) between 1999 and 2008 spanning the IA, the Anatolian Plateau and Azerbaijan. The data set was used to determine the nature of Lg wave propagation and characterize the nature of seismic attenuation within the crust of these regions. Lg waveforms were used to calculate the frequency-dependent Lg-Q o and Lg- $$ \eta $$ . A wide range of Lg-Q o values was obtained between ~52 ± 6 and 524 ± 227. Low Lg-Q o values (~90–155) are calculated towards the north of IA, Iskenderun Gulf and its vicinity, Bingol-Karliova, Izmit and its vicinity. Lg-Q o values are especially low (<90) along the Menderes Massif and the Aksehir-Simav Fault Zones. This may be due to intrinsic attenuation of Lg associated with the partially molten crust and young volcanism. The high Lg-Q o values (~350) are probably caused by the crust not being subject to large amounts of extensional deformation like the Antalya Gulf and apparently being thick enough to support Lg propagation. Relatively higher values along the border of this subduction zone and plate boundary might be related to the Taurus Mountain belts and Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone. The lateral frequency dependency Lg- $$ \eta $$ is also consistent with high tectonic activity in this region.

Turkish Driftnet Fishery for Albacore, &lt;I&gt;Thunnus Alalunga&lt;/I&gt; (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Scombridae), and Incidental Catches in the Eastern Mediterranean

Background. Fishing operations for albacore, Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788), are mainly carried out by pelagic longline in the Mediterranean, whereas driftnets are the main fishing gear for albacore catch in Turkey. The albacore driftnet fishery has been carried out since 2004 and about 40 vessels participated in this venture between May and July especially in the Gulf of Antalya. The aim of this study was to determine the Catch Per Unit of Effort (CPUE) and bycatch from the Turkish albacore fleet during the 2010&#8211;2011 fishing seasons. Materials and methods. This study was carried out with 18 representative drift-netters based at the port of Alanya, Ka&#351;, Fethiye, and S&#305;&#287;ac&#305;k from May to July 2010 and from May to July 2011. On each fishing trip, data were collected on date, location, depth, fishing boat characteristics, fishing gear aspects, and the capture of both target and non-target species by weight (biomass) and number. Results. A total of 125 data sets were collected. The mean CPUEs for albacore by number and weight were 13 &#177; 1.6 specimens and 90 &#177; 11 kg per km of net, respectively. A total of 12 species, belonging to 9 families were caught during the sampling period. The target species&#8212;albacore&#8212;had the highest ratio both in number (76.6%) and weight (62.8%) followed by, Euthynnus alletteratus, Xiphias gladius, Thunnus thynnus, and Auxis rochei. Ratios of biomass and number ratios of the non-target species to the target albacore were 1 : 0.59 kg and 1 : 0.31 individuals, respectively. Conclusion. Traditional Turkish pelagic driftnet fishery, dating back to the early 1900s, was halted in July 2011 by the Turkish fisheries authority to comply with the international ban. The Turkish fisheries authority strongly supports the transition towards the usage of pelagic longlines as recommended by ICCAT and should supply technical support to the fishermen.

Nature and onset age of neotectonic regime in the northern core of Isparta Angle, SW Turkey

The Isparta Angle (IA) is a reverse Λ-shaped morphotectonic structure located to the north of Antalya Gulf in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. It resulted from the northward curvature of the originally E–W-trending Tauride orogenic belt owing to the nappe emplacements and related clockwise and anti-clockwise rotations in a time period of Early Paleocene to Early Pliocene. The IA is included in the southwest Anatolian tensional neotectonic domain and characterized by a series of grabens and horsts bounded by active normal faults of dissimilar length and trend. The evolutionary history of the graben-horst system is episodic. It is evidenced by two graben fills. These are older and modern (younger) graben fills separated by an intervening angular unconformity. The modern graben fill is nearly flat-lying (non-deformed) whereas older graben fill was deformed into a series of anticlines and synclines with ENE-trending curvi-linear axes by a short-term compressive tectonic regime operated in NNW–SSE direction during Late Pliocene. The diagnostic structures taking a part in the development of grabens and shaping the northern section of the IA are the margin-boundary normal faults. They occur in numerous single and several fault zones displaying a basin ward facing step-like land shape. Most of fault segments, particularly the master faults, are active and have a capacity of creating destructive earthquakes with a magnitude (up to Mw = 7.0). This is evidenced by both the historical and instrumental period earthquakes. Both the focal mechanism solution of earthquakes and the stereographic plots of slip-plane data, measured on the active margin-boundary faults of various grabens comprising the IA, on the Schmidt lower hemisphere net obviously reveal that the IA is under the influence of the tensional neotectonic regime, not a compressive tectonic regime, i.e. the sinistral strike-slip shearing along the Pliny arc has not propagated yet onshore, and its commencement age is Early Quaternary.

The Late Cenozoic evolution of the Aksu basin (Isparta Angle; SW Turkey). New insights

Abstract The Mio-Pliocene basins around the Antalya gulf in SW Turkey developed above the Tauric Mesozoic platforms on which the Antalya nappes had been thrusted (in Late Cretaceous-Paleocene times). The closure of the initial Isparta Angle during these events (E-W compression) initiated the N-S orientation of the main structural lines, which persisted later and explains the orientation of the Aksu basin in contrast with the E-W orientation of the eastern Neo-gene Mediterranean basins. The area, and all southwestern Turkey, became emergent at the end of the Oligocene and were the site of shallow-marine carbonate deposits in the Chattian-Aquitanian, giving way to the wide Lycian basin in Burdigalian-Langhian times. The progressive emplacement of the Lycian nappes from the north over this basin provoked first its subsidence and then its emersion when the nappes attained their final position over the Bey Daglari platform in Langhian times. Coinciding, or in response to the Lycian nappes emplacement, the Aksu basin was initiated as an elongated N-S graben which was filled by thick accumulations of terrestrial and marine deposits(including coral reefs), which derived from the erosion of the Lycian allochton and its basement (Langhian?, Serravallian and Tortonian times). The syn-sedimentary tectonics : reactivation of the normal faults along the west margin of the basin, the continuous uplift of the neighbouring continental areas (beginning of the Aksu thrust), governed the geometry of the basin. As a result and due to the uplift of its northern margin, the Aksu basin migrated towards the south and in Messinian times it was reduced to a narrow gulf along the eastern margin of which the Gebiz limestones were deposited as fringing coral reefs. The age of these limestones has been debated. Our new data allow us to attribute them to the Messinian. The drastic retreat of the sea at the end of this period, provoked the erosion of large parts of the Messinian deposits and the formation of deep canyons on land and under the sea down to the Antalya abyssal plain, in which evaporites were deposited. During the Zanclean transgression, the Eskiköy-Kargi canyon was filled by coarse clastics of a Gilbert delta derived from the northern continental area following a model well known elsewhere in the Mediterranean basins. Southward, shallow-marine sands and marls unconformably cover the remnants of the Messinian deposits and the emergent areas of the southern Antalya gulf. After Zanclean times (end of Pliocene?), the Aksu basin was deformed, due to the west-directed Aksu compressional event (end of the Aksu thrust). Quaternary terraces of the Aksu river at various altitudes, as well as the terraces of the Antalya tufa can be related to sea level fluctuations.

Age, Growth and Reproduction of Goldband Goatfish (Upeneus moluccensis Bleeker (1855)) from the Gulf of Antalya (Turkey)

Age, Growth and Reproduction of Goldband Goatfish (Upeneus moluccensis Bleeker (1855)) from the Gulf of Antalya (Turkey)

Gulf of Antalya (Levantine Sea): a new locality for Ogyrides mjoebergi

A single male specimen of Ogyrides mjoebergi was captured on 28 September 2005, in the Gulf of Antalya. With this new locality, this species seems to have started to spread to a wider area by the Levantine Sea coasts in Turkey.

First report of Hypselodoris infucata (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) – (Mollusca, Opisthobrancia, Chromodorididae) in the Gulf of Antalya, Levantine coast of Turkey, Eastern Mediterranean

The Indo West Pacific opisthobranch, Hypselodoris infucata, first recorded in the Gulf of Iskenderun, Turkey, in 1999, is now reported from the Gulf of Antalya (on 13 July 2010).

Changes in the proximate composition of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) reared in the cages located on the Gulf of Antalya (Turkey's Western Mediterranean coast) during the fattening period

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the proximate composition of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) muscle reared in cages during the fattening period. Samples were taken from tunas at monthly intervals between July and October. Moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were analysed. The fat and ash contents increased, and the moisture content decreased during the fattening period. There were no significant differences in the protein content during this period. The mean protein concentration was 21% over this period. The highest levels of dry matter (40%), fat (15%) and ash (1.21%) were found in October. Baitfish (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinella aurita and Alosa fallax nilotica) were also analysed. There were no differences in the moisture, protein and fat contents between baitfish, but a lower ash content was found in sardine than in the others. The mean moisture, protein, fat and ash contents of baitfish were found to be 68.28%; 19.2%; 8.5%; and 1.4% respectively.

Parasitic Isopods of Bogue [Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758)] from the Antalya Gulf (Turkey)

The sampling studies were carried out to determine parasitic isopod species of Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) from Antalya Gulf between September 2006 May 2007. At the end of study five parasitic isopod species [Ceratothoa parallela (Otto, 1828), Ceratothoa oestroides (Risso, 1826), Ceratothoa capri (Trilles, 1964), Anilocra frontalis Milne-Edwards, 1840 and Anilocra physodes (Linnaeus, 1758)] were recorded. Two (C. parallela and C. capri) of these species were new records for the Isopoda fauna at the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Prevelance and intensity of infection have been obtained.

First record of Melicertus hathor (Penaeidae) from the Gulf of Antalya (Mediterranean Sea)

First record of Melicertus hathor (Penaeidae) from the Gulf of Antalya (Mediterranean Sea)