Gulf Of Antalya Research Articles

Acetabularia caliculus (J.V.Lamouroux, Quoi & Gaimard, 1824), in the Gulf of Antalya: A second discovery

During scuba-diving activities on October 26, 2021, at Konyaalti Beach (36o 52' 58'' N 30o 41' 06'' E) of the Gulf of Antalya, another Acetabularia species was discovered after the vegetation of Acetabularia acetabulum. According to the species guide, this algae species was identified as Acetabularia caliculus (JVLamour, Quoy & Gaimard, 1824). This species was first reported in the Gulf of Antalya in 2018. This study presents a second discovery of the species in the Gulf of Antalya.Keywords: Acetabularia caliculus; Gulf of Antalya; Second Report

The last observation of the long-spined exotic Sea Urchin (Diadema setosum) in the Gulf of Antalya

Diadema setosum, a Red Sea migrant, was first identified on the shores of the Kaş Peninsula in the Mediterranean. Approximately a year after this observation, the same species was reported for the second time from Konyaaltı Beach in Antalya Bay. This sea urchin rapidly multiplied and expanded its distribution along the coasts of the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas, reaching as far as the Marmara Sea. Some individuals of this sea urchin, which expanded distribution to coastal areas posing a risk to swimmers, were observed to start dying in the summer months of 2022. Scuba diving surveys were conducted in five different areas with rocky and stony seabed structures in the Gulf of Antalya during the winter season (Cliffs, Konyaaltı Beach, Sıçan Island surroundings, Çaltıcak region, and Kemer Ağva Cape), and it was determined that 99% of the D. setosum population had died in February and March. No living individuals were encountered during scuba diving surveys conducted in the same stations in April and May. In conclusion; mass mortalities have occurred in the D. setosum population in the rocky areas of the Gulf of Antalya, including the cliffs, Konyaaltı beach, Sıçan island surroundings, Caltıcak region, and Kemer Ağva Cape. This study presents the first report on matter.Keywords: Diadema setosum; Gulf of Antalya; Sea urchin.

OCCURRENCE OF Bregmaceros nectabanus (WHITLEY, 1941) IN THE GULF OF ANTALYA

With the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, a connection was established between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean. Because of this connection, many organisms of Red Sea origin migrated to the Mediterranean. These migratory organisms also include fish. For this reason, we monitor and determine the number of fish originating from the Red Sea in the Gulf of Antalya. One of the fishing methods in the Gulf of Antalya is trawler fishing. One of the fish species caught during commercial trawling is horse mackerel. A small and different type of fish was found in the stomach of horse mackerel caught during trawling on October 26, 2021 in the Gulf of Antalya. During the species identification of these fish samples, which were intact in the stomach content of horse mackerel and preserved their integrity, it was determined that these fish were Bregmaceros nectabanus, which is included in the Bregmacerotidae family. With this study, the presence of B. nectabanus identified in the Gulf of Antalya was one more addition to the number of Red Sea origin fish species in the Gulf.

Occurrence of the Scalloped Ribbonfish Zu cristatus (Lampridiformes) in the Gulf of Antalya, Türkiye

The commercial trawler named “İdris Reis” caught a fish species that they had never seen or known before while catching shrimp in deep waters at the 36°25'04" N 30°37'17" E coordinates Gulf of Antalya on 04.04.2022. The species of fish caught was identified as Zu cristatus (Bonelli, 1819). With this study, one more species was added to the Gulf of Antalya fish fauna.

Spatial geochemical structure of soft sediment on shallow littoral of the Gulf of Antalya, the eastern Mediterranean Sea

The concentrations of heavy metals in soft sediments of the Manavgat and Lara regions in Antalya, Türkiye were investigated to assess contamination levels and their potential sources, followed by multivariate statistical analysis and generation of spatial distribution maps. Results showed low contamination levels for As, Zn, and Cu, moderate contamination for Pb, Ni, and Mn, and very high accumulation for Co and Cr. Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) analyses revealed moderate enrichment for Mn and low enrichment for As, indicating no human-induced contamination in Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, and As, while Ni, Co, and Cr originated mainly from agriculture. The maximum modified degree of contamination (mCd) value was at an extreme high level, with an average mCd of 4.12 indicating high contamination. Maximum pollution load index (PLI) value was 3.13, indicating high-grade pollution and an average value of 1.7 indicating moderate pollution.

A Combined Assessment of Sea Level Rise (SLR) Effect on Antalya Gulf (Türkiye) and Future Predictions on Land Loss

A Combined Assessment of Sea Level Rise (SLR) Effect on Antalya Gulf (Türkiye) and Future Predictions on Land Loss

Ecological Indicative Stressors of Native vs. Non-Native Fish in an Ultra-Oligotrophic Region of the Mediterranean Sea

In the present study, we investigated the different ecological characteristics of native and non-native demersal fish collected in 2014–2015 on the shelf of the Antalya Gulf in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Lessepsian migrants originating from the Indo-Pacific Ocean were classified as non-indigenous species (NIS) and the other species, which were mostly Atlanto-Mediterranean, were classified as indigenous species (IS). The results showed that the faunistic characteristics of IS and NIS differed significantly in space but only partly over time. The density and species diversity of the IS increased with the seafloor depth, while the opposite pattern was observed for the NIS, which were found mostly in shallow waters. Proximity to rivers and Posidonia oceanica meadows and the presence of a marine protected area (MPA) were also important factors determining the differences in the ecological characteristics of IS and NIS. The ecological ordination of the fish assemblages in the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) space was V-shaped for the IS and =-shaped for the NIS, and it was mainly determined by bottom depth. Altogether, the ordination took the shape of a double strikethrough (V) due to the NIS filling an available niche. Hierarchically, the NIS (“occupiers”) and IS (“resisters”) shared the shallowest waters, while the middle-shelf waters were occupied by NIS (“gapers”) and IS (“escapers”) separately. The upper shelf was occupied only by IS (“homekeepers”) and “minorities” of NIS. Finally, we identified eight factors as ecological indicators of NIS and IS: bottom depth, bottom vegetation status, fish hierarchy, key species, water productivity, fish trophic level, life strategy and morphometry.

Two Rare Marine Gastropods from the Shores of Phaselis (Gulf of Antalya)

Two Rare Marine Gastropods from the Shores of Phaselis (Gulf of Antalya)

Antalya Körfezi’nden Toplanan Akdeniz Deniz Tarağı (Pecten jacobaeus)’nın Mevsimsel Ham Besin Bileşimi, Amino Asit ve İz Metal İçerikleri

This study evaluated the seasonal nutrient content and trace element composition of the great Mediterranean scallop (Pecten jacobaeus), which is among the economic scallop species. The samples were obtained as by-catch from the trawler nets of commercial fishing boats operating in the Gulf of Antalya seasonally between 2017 and 2018. After determining the scallops' growth indices of the scallops; proximate composition, amino acid and element analyses were carried out. According to the results; condition index and gonadosomatic index were found highest in the summer, while meat yield was found highest in the autumn. The muscle tissue's crude protein and ash ratio decreased to mimimum values in summer. Crude fat was determined at the highest level in the spring and decreased after the summer when the reproduction period was over (P

First record of spinetail devil ray, Mobula japanica (Müller & Henle 1841) from the Gulf of Antalya

On 11 October 2019, one specimen of spinetail devilray Mobula japanica (Müller and Henle, 1841) was caught inadvertently by a commercial fisherman at a depth of approximately 25 m off the Gulf of Antalya. One specimen was examined in detail. M. japanica was recorded for the first time in the Gulf of Antalya.Keyword: by-catch; Gulf of Antalya; Mobula japonica; spinetail devil ray

Second record of the Blacktip Grouper Epinephelus fasciatus (Teleostei: Serranidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

A red grouper was caught with a spear gun at depths of 8-10 m at the Alanya Harbor Breakwater. The purpose of this study is to determine this species, which is seen for the first time in the Mediterranean coasts of Turkey, and to add it to the Gulf of Antalya fish fauna. In the species identification, it was determined that this fish was Epinephelus fasciatus. E. fasciatus caught in Alanya Harbor is the second record for the Mediterranean and the first record for the Turkish coast. This fish became the second lessepsian Serranid species detected in the Gulf of Antalya, and the number of Serranid species with high economic value increased to nine with this species.Keyword: Blacktip; Epinephelus fasciatus; grouper; Gulf of Antalya; record

First record of Spinetail Devil Ray, Mobula japanica (Müller & Henle 1841) from the Gulf of Antalya

On 11 October 2019, one specimen of spinetail devilray Mobula japanica (Müller and Henle, 1841) was caught inadvertently by a commercial fisherman at a depth of approximately 25 m off the Gulf of Antalya. One specimen was examined in detail. M. japanica was recorded for the first time in the Gulf of Antalya.Keywords: Mobula japanica, spinetail devil ray, by-catch, Gulf of Antalya

Second record of the Blacktip Grouper Epinephelus fasciatus (Teleostei: Serranidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

A red grouper was caught with a spear gun at depths of 8-10 m at the Alanya Harbor Breakwater. The purpose of this study is to determine this species, which is seen for the first time in the Mediterranean coasts of Turkey, and to add it to the Gulf of Antalya fish fauna. In the species identification, it was determined that this fish was Epinephelus fasciatus. E. fasciatus caught in Alanya Harbor is the second record for the Mediterranean and the first record for the Turkish coast. This fish became the second lessepsian Serranid species detected in the Gulf of Antalya, and the number of Serranid species with high economic value increased to nine with this species.

Antalya Körfezi’nde (Doğu Akdeniz, Türkiye) Phronima sedentaria Forskål, 1775 (Crustacea: Amphipoda)Türünün Kaydı

This study reports the occurrence of Phronima sedentaria in the Eastern Mediterranean. The new pram shrimps were collected from the Gulf of Antalya, located on the Levantine coast of Turkey. Examination and definition of the sampled specimen in the area reported as the first occurrence.

First Observations on the Stomach Contents of Devil Firefish, Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828) in the Gulf of Antalya, Turkey

The present study examined stomach contents of 35 individuals of Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828) captured using scuba diving gears in Antalya Gulf. Total length and total weight in the specimens of P. miles collected from the Gulf of Antalya were 13.1-35.2 cm (mean±SD; 19.98±4.40) and 36.88-456.6 g (mean±SD; 103.82±91.29), respectively. The dominant prey were fish (IFO=106.67%, IP=59.38%) and the rest were crustaceans (IFO=53.33%, IP=40.63%). It was determined that P. miles was carnivorous and predominantly piscivorous. This study is the first to show how kind of consumption preys P. miles obtained from the Gulf of Antalya. The result of this study strengthens the existing knowledge on the consumption preys of devil firefish in the eastern Mediterranean. The distribution of this species continues in the Turkish Seas. The fishery and consumption of lionfish should be improved. The development of a lionfish fishery could provide a management tool to ameliorate impacts to coastal ecosystems of the Mediterranean Sea.

First Record for the Histioteuthis reversa (Verrill, 1880), (Cephalopoda/ Histioteuthidae) in the Gulf of Antalya, Turkey

A different squid species was caught with a trawling net at the coordinates of 36o 39'.431'' N; 31o 9.841''E and a depth of approximately 600-650 m in the Gulf of Antalya. In the identification of species, this squid species was determined to be Histioteuthis reversa (Verrill, 1880). This is the second record for the squid species in the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey and the first record in the Gulf of Antalya.Keywords: Gulf of Antalya; Histioteuthis reversa; Mediterranean; Record

First Record for the Histioteuthis reversa (Verrill, 1880), (Cephalopoda/Histioteuthidae) in the Gulf of Antalya/ Turkey

A different squid species was caught with a trawling net at the coordinates of 36o 39'.431'' N; 31o 9.841''E and a depth of approximately 600-650 m in the Gulf of Antalya. In the identification of species, this squid species was determined to be Histioteuthis reversa (Verrill, 1880). This is the second record for the squid species in the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey and the first record in the Gulf of Antalya.Keywords: Gulf of Antalya; Histioteuthis reversa; Mediterranean; Record

3-D numerical constraints for the Triassic mafic igneous system of Antalya (SW Turkey): Magma generation associated with southern Neotethyan slow seafloor spreading

A ~ 400 m thick Middle-Late Triassic volcano-sedimentary succession crops out in a relatively narrow corridor ~75 km long and ~ 25 km wide close to Antalya Gulf, SW Turkey. The volcanic and subvolcanic rocks represent the majority of the succession and are associated with epiclastic breccia, turbiditic sediments as well as chert and limestone layers. The igneous rocks are alkali basalts, with incompatible element content matching the classical HiMU-OIB types. These are considered as the precursors of a rift system that would have later evolved into a mature Neotethyan oceanic system, with emplacement of massive tholeiitic basalt sequences, not recorded in the investigated area.Clinopyroxene-melt thermobarometric constraints indicate the presence of two main magma chambers, one equilibrated at ~7–10 km depth and ~ 1070 °C and the other at ~15–21 km depth and ~ 1300 °C. Based on these estimates, a 3-D finite element modelling has been applied, simulating the presence of ellipsoidal magma chambers at different depths and with variable sizes, applying different boundary loading conditions. The scenario that best fits the distribution of the volcanic rocks assumes the contemporaneous presence of two magma reservoirs. One is shallow, with a size of ~17 × 1.5 × 1.5 km, and the second is deeper, with a size of ~37 × 3 × 3 km. Numerical simulations show maximum 6 m opening and dilation through horizontal plane at the surface during the Permian/Triassic intracontinental rift phases. Morphological constraints of this rift zone, with the presence of massive lava eruptions also as pillow facies, have been simulated with the existence of a slowly opening rift system. In order to produce the voluminous magma batches in the Antalya region, pure extensional tectonic regimes seem insufficient, and the presence of a transtensional regime must have accompanied the tectonic forces during the Triassic intracontinental rifting stage.

Spatiotemporal and bioecological distribution of four commercial Mullid species in an ultraoligotrophic Mediterranean gulf

This study provides baseline data on the mullid fish assemblages based on their morphometries on a shelf of the most oligotrophic water of the Mediterranean Sea, Antalya Gulf. The distribution of fish abundances, biomasses, total length, sex composition, growth parameters, and ecological fish assemblages was studied along three transects (each had a series of bottom depths of 10, 25, 75, 125, and 200 m) between spring 2014 and winter 2015, representing the winter, spring, summer and autumn seasons. Four different species of the Mullidae family: the red mullet (Mullus barbatus), the striped red mullet (M. surmuletus), the golden-banded goatfish (Upeneus moluccensis) and the Por's goatfish (U. pori) were found and subjected to distributional analyses. Excluding M. surmuletus, all of the mullid fish were commonly and abundantly found. There was a definite depth segregation among their distributions, but no seasonal differences occurred. Mediterranean meadows are attractive areas for mullid species, especially for M. surmelatus. The spatial distributional pattern of U. pori was in complete contrast to that of M. surmuletus. Overall, the females (F) outnumbered the males (M) significantly in space (region and depth) and time (season). The morphometric parameters (length-related and growth parameters) were estimated to increase comparatively from east to west in the Mediterranean Sea. Ecologically, the mullid assemblages depended on the seafloor depth, bottom type (habitat and sedimentary characteristics), water productivity and dissolved oxygen content and salinity, and benthic composition.

Artificial Neural Networks Driven Data-Based Optimization Analysis to Locate Crisis Reaction Offices for Marine Transportation in Antalya

A mishap might happen at any port along Antalya’s 500-kilometer shorelines, and the counter spillage group ought to be on schedule for an intercession. The aim of this study is to decide the most appropriate areas for the counter spillage group office for Antalya’s tourist ports. For this reason, Tree Seeds Algorithm (TSA), Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS), Sooty Terns Optimization Algorithm (STOA), and Weiszfeld Algorithm (WA) optimization methods are used to track down the most advantageous area. The first three procedures are almost new and forward-thinking methods. Notwithstanding, the last one is a notable calculation for taking care of organization-based enhancement issues. This research aims to accomplish an ideal area and evaluate the exhibitions of TSA, SOS, STOA, and WA. Hence, this article offers a crisis reaction office area for oil leakage safety brought about by marine mishaps in Antalya Gulf. The originality and the main contribution of the paper to the literature is as follows: 1) for the first time, the presentations of the four optimization algorithms are analyzed and inspected together, 2) the most appropriate locations for the counter spillage group office for Antalya’s ports are determined for first time in the literature.