Guidelines For Verification Research Articles

Verification of the reactivity of immunoglobulins in dried blood spots collected for onchocerciasis sero-surveillance by an Escherichia coli ELISA

The World Health Organization guidelines for verification of onchocerciasis elimination include demonstrating that the prevalence of exposure to the parasite in individuals born since transmission was interrupted needs to be less than 0.1%. The guidelines recommend using seropositivity to an Onchocerca volvulus specific antigen (Ov16) for this purpose. Ov16 seropositivity has most often been assessed using the Ov16 ELISA assay. Currently, the Ov16 ELISA assay includes internal positive and negative controls to monitor for proper assay performance but does not control for the quality of the dried blood spots (DBS) being tested. Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of antibodies recognizing Escherichia coli in children. Through the development of an ELISA assay to detect antibodies recognizing E. coli, a common commensal in humans, DBS may be prescreened for quality assurance prior to testing for Ov16. Results demonstrated antibodies to E. coli were detected in 100% of randomly selected serum samples collected from O. volvulus infected individuals residing in an onchocerciasis hyperendemic area. Furthermore, when DBS were improperly stored, the E. coli antibodies were found to decay over a period of one week, while remaining unchanged over the same period in properly stored samples. Similarly, E. coli antibodies were detected in 100% of a batch of field collected properly stored DBS, while being present only in 5% of a batch of improperly stored spots. This study demonstrates the value of E. coli ELISA for DBS quality control testing and validation of proper storage of collections of DBS for the Ov16 ELISA.

Evaluation of the thermo-elastic response of space telescopes using uncertainty assessment

The aerospace sector is evolving due to reduced launch costs and standardization of small satellite platforms. This research, aligned with European Guidelines for Thermo-Elastic Verification, addresses the pointing precision gap in small satellites by assessing space telescope performance using uncertainty propagation in thermo-elastic models. The methodology will be directly applied to an Earth observation space telescope, VINIS, currently under development by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC). This procedure helps to identify key design elements impacting its functionality. Thirteen elements were identified as main contributors to the deformations in the optical bench. Due to the bench's crucial role in the telescope's performance, this paper also explores how results vary with different sandwich panel modelling techniques and the enhancements from design modifications. While the focus is on space telescopes, this approach has broader applicability to thermo-elastic analysis of various space instruments.

Comparative evaluation of assay performance for SARS-CoV-2 detection in animal oral samples, lung homogenates, and phosphate-buffered saline using the TaqPath COVID-19 Combo kit.

A One Health approach has been key to monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic, as human and veterinary medical professionals jointly met the demands for an extraordinary testing effort for SARS-CoV-2. Veterinary diagnostic laboratories continue to monitor SARS-CoV-2 infection in animals, furthering the understanding of zoonotic transmission dynamics between humans and animals. A RT-PCR assay is a primary animal screening tool established within validation and verification guidelines provided by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD), World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, differences in sample matrices, RNA extraction methods, instrument platforms, gene targets, and cutoff values may affect test outcomes. Therefore, targeted validation for a new sample matrix used in any PCR assay is critical. We evaluated a COVID-19 assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in feline and canine lung homogenates and oral swab samples. We used the commercial Applied Biosystems MagMAX Viral/Pathogen II (MVP II) nucleic acid isolation kit and TaqPath COVID-19 Combo kit, which are validated for a variety of human samples, including nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples. Our masked test showed a high detection rate and no false-positive or false-negative results, supporting sample extension to include feline oral swab samples. Our study is a prime example of One Health, illustrating how a COVID-19 assay designed for human testing can be adapted and used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in oral swab samples from cats and likely dogs, but not lung homogenates.

A Position Analysis of BPJS Claims Administration Officers and Verifiers (Case Study: Jambi Province Regional Mental Hospital)

The high coverage rate of handling partially rejected claim financing reaching 7.34% of the total 19,476 cases in the Outpatient Unit of the Jambi Provincial Mental Hospital (RSJD) in 2022, is closely related to the quality of human resources (HR) in this case, the claims officer and the suitability of what is done with the job description, job specifications and standard operating procedures (SOP) that have been made. This study aimed to analyze the position of administrative officers and claim verifiers in the outpatient unit of the Jambi Provincial Mental Hospital. This research used a qualitative method. Information was collected through in-depth interviews with eight informants, observation, and document review. Test validity by triangulating sources, techniques, and data. The results showed that officers already knew the claims administration and verification procedures. The claim administration SOP in this case, the RJTL claim submission SOP and the monthly reporting SOP have not been outlined in a decision letter for the coding SOP. However, it has been outlined in a decision letter but has not been adequately socialized to the officers concerned. The SOP for claim verification has not been outlined in a decision letter and still refers to the technical guidelines for claim verification issued by BPJS Health. It is still found that the delegation of tasks and the number of verification officers not following the calculation of workload and standards set are obstacles in implementing administration and verification of claims in the Jambi Province RSJD outpatient department.

Validation of a Multiscale Computational Model Using a Mock Circulatory Loop to Simulate Cardiogenic Shock.

The objectives of this study are to characterize the hemodynamics of cardiogenic shock (CS) through a computational model validated using a mock circulatory loop (MCL) and to perform sensitivity analysis and uncertainty propagation studies after the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Validation and Verification (V&V) guidelines. The uncertainties in cardiac cycle time ( ), total resistance ( ), and total volume ( ) were quantified in the MCL and propagated in the computational model. Both models were used to quantify the pressure in the left atrium, aorta (Ao), and left ventricle (LV), along with the flow through the aortic valve, reaching a good agreement. The results suggest that 1) is the main source of uncertainty in the variables under study, 2) showed its greatest impact on the uncertainty of Ao hemodynamics, and 3) mostly affected the uncertainty of LV pressure and Ao flow at the late-systolic phase. Comparison of uncertainty levels in the computational and experimental results was used to infer the presence of additional contributing factors that were not captured and propagated during a first analysis. Future work will expand upon this study to analyze the impact of mechanical circulatory support devices, such as ventricular assist devices, under CS conditions.

ISCEV guidelines for calibration and verification of stimuli and recording instruments (2023 update)

This document developed by the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) provides guidance for calibration and verification of stimulus and recording systems specific to clinical electrophysiology of vision. This guideline provides additional information for those using ISCEV Standards and Extended protocols and supersedes earlier Guidelines. The ISCEV guidelines for calibration and verification of stimuli and recording instruments (2023 update) were approved by the ISCEV Board of Directors 01, March 2023.

A study on design, development, optimization and validation of product development framework for humidifier chamber

The upper airways of the patients under Mechanical Ventilation (MV) cannot humidify the inspired air by themselves, while heat and moisture exchange remain the most important criteria. Insufficient humidification leads to multiple issues while humidifiers, the devices used to add water molecules, gas and temperature, are used in MVs. There is a need exists to develop a new humidifier that can achieve 99% humidity, cost-effective, adheres to ISO standards and compact with controlled design. The aim of the current study is to develop an optimized product development framework for designing the humidifier chamber and to define the product testing guidelines for verification and validation of the humidification chamber. By following a step-wise methodology, the researchers compared the existing samples in the market, conducted CFD analysis for optimization, developed the prototype and framed the guidelines for testing and validation of the humidification chamber. The study found the optimum specifications given herewith as per the outcomes; Inlet/Outlet (mm) should be 22 M, Compressible volume should be 300 ml, Maximum water capacity should be 130 ml while maximum peak flow should be 180 L/min. Further, the resistance to flow should be 10 cm of H2O and the diameter of chassis should be 120 mm. With the humidification chamber being made up of PP, PVC, Silicone and AL, the optimum weight of the chamber should be 125.6 g.

Islamic Law and Social Media: Analyzing the Fatwa of Indonesian Ulama Council Regarding Interaction on Digital Platforms

The MUI fatwa serves as an answer to issues of Islamic law related to socio-religious issues in Indonesia. The fatwa comes through the ijtihad of the scholars so that it has legal authority so that Muslims have solutions to problems that arise. The article aims to examine Islamic law and social media which focuses on the MUI fatwa Number 24/2017 concerning guidelines for mu’āmalah and interacting using digital platforms. This research is sociological legal research that examines the function of law that works in social reality. Sociologically, the law functions as a tool to control and manipulate and change society for the better. The results of the study show that the MUI fatwa is a practical guideline for the use of social media, social interaction guidance, content verification guidelines, content creation, and content dissemination. So that ghibah, namīmah, intimidation, and hate speech will not occur. From the perspective of sociological law, the fatwa serves to provide guidance in social interaction so that society can be engineered and changed in a better direction. Thus, the fatwa as part of Islamic law is able to carry out its function as social control of society so that social media is used properly and usefully.

Determination of country-specific greenhouse gas emission factors for South African liquid and gaseous fuels

Higher-tier methods for greenhouse gas reporting require country-specific emission factors for a range of liquid and gaseous fuels for both stationary and mobile fuel combustion activities. Samples of selected liquid fuels used in South Africa were collected over the summer and winter seasons in the Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape provinces of South Africa, primarily from large retail stations along major traffic routes (unleaded petrol – ULP93 and ULP95 – and diesel). Liquid fuels used in smaller volumes (bio-ethanol, paraffin, jet kerosene, aviation gasoline and heavy fuel oil) were also sampled at appropriate locations. Samples (343 in total) were analysed for carbon content using standard methods at an accredited commercial laboratory. Calorific values of the fuels were also determined, to allow for the calculation of methane and nitrous oxide emission factors. Results were statistically analysed to determine mean values and their uncertainties, to identify outliers, and to determine correlations between variables. Results for ULP93 and ULP95 were weighted by their respective 2021 annual average sales volumes to obtain an average value for all petrol of 2 263 g CO2/L. Based on sales data from the years 2018–2021, summer and winter results were equally weighted to obtain annual average emission factors for ULP93 (2255 g CO2/L), ULP95 (2 265 g CO2/L) and diesel (2 650 g CO2/L), reflecting a slight decrease from the values contained in the 2017 Department of Environmental Affairs Technical guidelines for monitoring, reporting and verification of greenhouse gas emissions by industry. A calculation-based liquefied petroleum gas emission factor, confirmed by analysis certificates from a number of local suppliers, was found to be 3002 g CO2/kg.

ETRANSAFE: Building a sustainable framework to share reproducible drug safety knowledge with the public domain

Integrative drug safety research in translational health informatics has rapidly evolved and included data that are drawn in from many resources, combining diverse data that are either reused from (curated) repositories, or newly generated at source. Each resource is mandated by different sets of metadata rules that are imposed on the incoming data. Combination of the data cannot be readily achieved without interference of data stewardship and the top-down policy guidelines that supervise and inform the process for data combination to aid meaningful interpretation and analysis of such data. The eTRANSAFE Consortium's effort to drive integrative drug safety research at a large scale hereby present the lessons learnt and the proposal of solution at the guidelines in practice at this Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) project. Recommendations in these guidelines were compiled from feedback received from key stakeholders in regulatory agencies, EFPIA companies, and academic partners. The research reproducibility guidelines presented in this study lay the foundation for a comprehensive data sharing and knowledge management plans accounting for research data management in the drug safety space - FAIR data sharing guidelines, and the model verification guidelines as generic deliverables that best practices that can be reused by other scientific community members at large. FAIR data sharing is a dynamic landscape that rapidly evolves with fast-paced technology advancements. The research reproducibility in drug safety guidelines introduced in this study provides a reusable framework that can be adopted by other research communities that aim to integrate public and private data in biomedical research space.

ETRANSAFE: Building a sustainable framework to share reproducible drug safety knowledge with the public domain.

Integrative drug safety research in translational health informatics has rapidly evolved and included data that are drawn in from many resources, combining diverse data that are either reused from (curated) repositories, or newly generated at source. Each resource is mandated by different sets of metadata rules that are imposed on the incoming data. Combination of the data cannot be readily achieved without interference of data stewardship and the top-down policy guidelines that supervise and inform the process for data combination to aid meaningful interpretation and analysis of such data. The eTRANSAFE Consortium's effort to drive integrative drug safety research at a large scale hereby present the lessons learnt and the proposal of solution at the guidelines in practice at this Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) project. Recommendations in these guidelines were compiled from feedback received from key stakeholders in regulatory agencies, EFPIA companies, and academic partners. The research reproducibility guidelines presented in this study lay the foundation for a comprehensive data sharing and knowledge management plans accounting for research data management in the drug safety space - FAIR data sharing guidelines, and the model verification guidelines as generic deliverables that best practices that can be reused by other scientific community members at large. FAIR data sharing is a dynamic landscape that rapidly evolves with fast-paced technology advancements. The research reproducibility in drug safety guidelines introduced in this study provides a reusable framework that can be adopted by other research communities that aim to integrate public and private data in biomedical research space.

Outline of JSCE “Seismic Performance Verification Guidelines for RC Underground Structures in Nuclear Power Plants” (2021)

鉄筋コンクリート製地中構造物の耐震性能照査技術の高度化を目的として，「原子力発電所屋外重要土木構造物の耐震性能照査指針」の拡充版が土木学会原子力土木委員会から2021年10月に刊行された。この指針では，密な地盤に液状化が生じた構造物の地震応答評価方法を拡充し，三次元非線形解析を用いた耐震性能照査手法の高精度化を行うとともに，断層変位に対する影響評価方法も新たに追加するなど，地中構造物の性能照査手法に係わる最新の知見が体系的に整理された。本稿では，この指針の拡充内容の概要について紹介する。

Method Performance Verification of Anti-GAD65 and Anti-Insulin antibody Assays.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of chemiluminescence immunoassays for anti-GAD65 and anti-insulin antibodies following user verification guidelines. The analytical performance of anti-GAD65 and anti-insulin antibodies using a MAGLUMI 2000 analyzer was verified following user verification guidelines by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance specifications including precision, linearity, carry-over, cutoffs for positive results, reference intervals, and comparability with pre-existing commercially available radioimmunoassays using patient specimens and certified reference material were verified (coefficients of variation for precision of anti-GAD65 and anti-insulin antibodies were 2.6% and 3.4%, respectively). Comparability assessed using clinical serum specimens showed overall agreement with radioimmunoassay of 87.2% (95% confidence interval 74.8% - 94.0%) for the anti-GAD65 antibody assay and 85.4% (95% confidence interval 71.6% - 93.1%) for the anti-insulin antibody assay. The results of this study verified the analytical performance of MAGLUMI anti-GAD65 and anti-insulin antibody assays for clinical use.

Guidelines for GDPR compliance in Big Data systems

The implementation of the GDPR that aims at protecting European citizens’ privacy is still a real challenge. In particular, in Big Data systems where data are voluminous and heterogeneous, it is hard to track data evolution through its complex life cycle ranging from collection, ingestion, storage and analytics. In this context, from 2016 to 2021 research has been conducted and several security tools designed. However, they are either specific to particular applications or address partially the regulation articles. To identify the covered parts, the missed ones and the necessary metrics for comparing different works, we propose a framework for GDPR compliance. The framework identifies the main components for the regulation implementation by mapping requirements aligned with GDPR’s provisions to IT design requirements. Based on this framework, we compare the main GDPR solutions in the Big Data domain and we propose a guideline for GDPR verification and implementation in Big Data systems.

Elimination of Simulium neavei-Transmitted Onchocerciasis in Wambabya-Rwamarongo Focus of Western Uganda.

.Wambabya–Rwamarongo onchocerciasis focus is one of the eight foci Uganda verified using the WHO verification guidelines. The approach for elimination was twice yearly treatment with ivermectin for every round, treating at least 90% of all the eligible population. This was in combination with vector elimination using Abate® (BASF SE, Limburgerhof, Germany) since elimination nationwide policy was launched. From 2008 to 2013, the program distributed ivermectin with a mean treatment coverage of the ultimate treatment goal (UTG) or eligible population of 91.2%, with a range of 85–96%. In 2009, vector elimination based on ground larviciding had a dramatic impact on the Simulium vectors, as the last fly was observed in October 2009. No more Simulium vectors were observed during a period of at least 7 years, including the 3-year posttreatment surveillance (PTS) until the focus was reclassified as eliminated in August 2017. During the PTS period, none of the 10,578 trapped crabs were found infested with the aquatic stages of the vector. The last infested crab was observed in March 2010, and for at least 7 years, no infested crabs were observed. Serological surveys showed that of 2,978 young children examined in 2013, only one was OV16 positive (0.0%; 95% CI: 0–0.21). In 2017, after the PTS period, all 3,079 young children examined were negative for OV16 (95% CI: 0–0.16). Therefore, entomological and serological results provided evidence that resulted in the reclassification of Wambabya–Rwamarongo focus from “transmission interrupted” to “transmission eliminated” with no possibility of recrudescence.

Historical Elimination of Onchocerciasis from Victoria Nile Focus in Central Uganda Verified Using WHO Criteria.

Uganda has verified elimination of seven onchocerciasis foci since 2007 when the nationwide onchocerciasis elimination policy was launched. However, the Victoria Nile focus (which was eliminated in the early 1970s) had not been verified. The objective of this study was to verify this focus to the WHO verification guidelines and bring it in line with recently eliminated foci. Vector control with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane was the main intervention used at the Victoria Nile from the 1950s to the 1970s. Historical fly collection sites along River Nile were identified for recent fly collection. Relevant health workers near the sites were trained to supervise fly collection activity. With support from communities, fly collectors were identified, trained, and equipped to collect Simulium flies for at least a year. A total of 854 Simulium flies were collected and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to detect Onchocerca volvulus DNA. The communities and their leaders provided consent for the collection of dry blood spots (DBS) from children younger than 10 years for investigation of recent exposure to the disease. A total of 2,953 DBS were collected and analyzed by OV16 ELISA to detect the presence of IgG4 antibodies recognizing the OV16 antigen. The results showed that none of the flies carried O. volvulus DNA. Similarly, all the children were OV16 negative, showing no exposure to onchocerciasis. All the flies collected were identified as Simulium adersi, which is not a known vector for O. volvulus. The results confirmed that onchocerciasis and its vector Simulium damnosum had been eliminated in the Victoria Nile focus.

Crack propagation analysis of ITER Vacuum Vessel port stub with Radial Basis Functions mesh morphing

The ITER Vacuum Vessel (VV) is one of the most important components of the tokamak machine. The severe operating conditions impose a design to withstand strong dynamic loads. A special focus is put on defects embedded in the component that, due to the not total accessibility of the VV to non-destructive examination (NDE), but also to identify their minimum safe dimension, must be assessed through Fracture Mechanics (FM) analyses. Nuclear codes give useful guidelines for design verification using simplified models that, for practical sake, do not give a detailed description of the physical phenomena. Nowadays, Finite Element Method (FEM) is a common tool for the assessment of structural components, and detailed methods for Crack Propagation analyses have been developed. A novel procedure for the crack shape evolution during cyclic loadings will be presented in this article, relying on Finite Elements Analysis (FEA) in conjunction with Radial Basis Function morphing technique, allowing a fast arrangement of the existing mesh to a new configuration. The results of the proposed method are compared with those available in literature references and in nuclear codes.

Cost-Effective Validation of HP/HT Subsea Equipment Using Seawater Hydrostatic Head

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper OTC 29413, “Validation of Cost-Effective Design Methods Using Hydrostatic Head for High-Pressure/High-Temperature Applications,” by Parth Pathak and Nicholas Katsounas, OneSubsea, prepared for the 2019 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, 6–9 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2019 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. Validation testing of subsea equipment designed for high pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) applications is necessary but can be extremely expensive and infeasible. The complete paper presents a practical approach for validating design-verification analysis for subsea equipment, using a representative pressure valve block to correlate finite-element analysis (FEA) predictions for strain changes with actual measured changes. The design methods use the guidelines in technical report API 17TR8, and load cases per API 17TR12. Introduction Current editions of API standards covered in API Subcommittee 17 (API SC 17) for subsea production equipment are geared toward designing the equipment for its absolute internal working pressures. Also, on the basis of previous regulatory requirements for the offshore industry, until 2014 it was not advised to take advantage of the external seawater hydrostatic head and other external pressures to design certain types of subsea equipment covered under API SC 17. Thus, equipment per its corresponding API standards was designed to have an absolute rated working pressure always greater than the well shut-in tubing pressures. Three API technical reports published in 2014 and regulatory guidelines for the Gulf of Mexico published in 2017–2018 provide design guidelines for depth-adjusting subsea equipment specific to its working seawater depths, and detailed verification and validation guidelines for designing HP/HT equipment—that is, with absolute internal pressure rating exceeding 15,000 psi and temperatures exceeding 350°F. These guidelines can be used to develop subsea equipment rated to working pressures greater than 15,000 psi. The complete paper details the step-by-step methodology of combining the API 17TR12 and API 17TR8 design verification guidelines to depth-adjust typical existing 15,000-psi-rated subsea equipment for HP/HT use. Validation tests for external pressures for entire equipment assemblies can quickly become impractical and infeasible for most of the equipment covered in API SC 17 because of the sizes and complexity of the equipment. The authors believe such testing is not entirely necessary because testing for external pressure of critical and representative components, which are pressure-containing and -controlling, can be sufficient to validate the applicability of the external pressures for the equipment. Furthermore, they contend that for larger components for which hyperbaric chamber testing might not be feasible, comprehensive FEA can be used to validate stresses and deflections as long as the FEA methods and results are appropriately validated. The complete paper presents the various tests that were performed covering typical subsea equipment and are deemed sufficient to validate the verification methods used to depth-adjust using external pressures. The actual tests performed were part of an HP/HT development for the completion and workover riser (CWOR) system for a potential application that required depth-adjusted working pressure higher than 15,000 psi. The work performed was to validate the design and verification of the equipment manufactured by the services provider and cannot be applied to other manufacturers or engineering houses.

Tropospheric corrections for InSAR: Statistical assessments and applications to the Central United States and Mexico

The rapid expansion of SAR data availability and advancements in InSAR processing methods has enabled the formation of ground displacement time series for many parts of the world where such research was previously hindered by decorrelation due to sparse temporal sampling and SAR operating frequency. In particular, free and open data access from the European Sentinel-1 constellation and the future NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) mission is encouraging the global community to move towards automated, cloud-based processing that can accommodate these rapidly growing data volumes and facilitate the use of a suite of corrections to the data. A key challenge is related to path delays introduced when the radar signal propagates through the troposphere. Tropospheric corrections estimated from empirical, phase-based methods and those using independent data from weather models, GPS, and radiometers have been included in open-source packages such as TRAIN, PyAPS and GACOS. Users within the InSAR community have reported varying degrees of success using these methods in a range of areas around the world. However, the various statistical metrics used to evaluate the reliability of tropospheric corrections are not consistently applied and often depend on the area and the spatial scale over which they are evaluated. Examination of a simple metric such as the overall reduction in phase variability within an interferogram does not allow the user to determine whether the improvement was at large or short length scales. We present a review of existing tropospheric correction methods and statistical performance metrics, providing guidelines for global assessment and verification of the efficacy of tropospheric correction methods. We summarize the assumptions and limitations for each correction method as well as each statistical performance metric. We examine two regions with different atmospheric characteristics - one Sentinel-1 swath covering the central United States and one swath covering south central Mexico, including part of the Pacific coast. As the SAR community moves towards reliance on global and automated InSAR processing platforms that incorporate tropospheric corrections, approaches such as those examined here can aid researchers in their efforts to evaluate such corrections and include their uncertainties in derived products such as surface displacement time series, coseismic offsets, processes that correlate with topography, and signals with smaller magnitude or larger spatial scales such as those associated with small earthquakes, aseismic creep and slow slip events. We found that the GACOS products (leveraging the operational high resolution ECMWF weather model) outperform the other correction methods explored here on average, but this result is highly dependent on location, acquisition time, and data availability. We found spatial structure functions to be most useful for performance assessment because of their ability to convey information about performance at discrete spatial scales.

Analysis of protein chlorination by mass spectrometry

Chlorination of tyrosine is a commonly known effect/consequence of myeloperoxidase activity at sites of inflammation, and detection of 3-chlorotyrosine has been used as biomarker for inflammatory diseases. However, few studies have addressed site specific chlorination in proteins, and no methods for large scale chloroproteomics studies have yet been published.In this study, we present an optimized mass spectrometry based protocol to identify and quantify chlorinated peptides from single proteins modified by HOCl (100 and 500 μM, within estimated pathophysiological levels), at a high level of sensitivity and accuracy. Particular emphasis was placed on 1) sensitive and precise detection of modification sites, 2) the avoidance of loss or artefactual creation of modifications, 3) accurate quantification of peptide abundance and reduction of missing values problem, 4) monitoring the dynamics of modification in samples exposed to different oxidant concentrations and 5) development of guidelines for verification of chlorination sites assignment.A combination of an optimised sample preparation protocol, and improved data analysis approaches have allowed identification of 33 and 15 chlorination sites in laminin and fibronectin, respectively, reported in previous manuscripts [1,2]. The method was subsequently tested on murine basement membrane extract, which contains high levels of laminin in a complex mixture. Here, 10 of the major chlorination sites in laminin were recapitulated, highlighting the utility of the method in detecting damage in complex samples.