GUI Design Research Articles

Designing Information System Inventory and Transaction Reports Web-Based Using ICONIX Process Method

Tjangkir Kopi is a small-medium enterprise (MSMEs) engaged in food and beverage in West Java, precisely in City. There is a problem in the current business process, namely in managing the stock of materials that are still done manually through the Microsoft Excel application, which is very likely to occur misunderstandings. Competition in the Food and Beverage Industry is getting tougher, making MSMEs Tjangkir Kopi have to improve their business processes by creating an information system that helps develop their business to achieve a competitive advantage. In addition, there is still a lack of fulfillment of job descriptions for each employee and centralized report data. The System to be Built helps quickly and directly integrate with material stock and expenditure data in the database, so there won't be material stock problems in the warehouse. This system makes transaction reports on business processes much more effective because the data is automated. This research aims to analyze and design systems to support better inventory management and transaction reports and to support business processes with more complete and clear diagrams using the ICONIX Process method. This research explains the stages of analysis by collecting data through interviews and literature studies. The stages of system design produce business process proposals supported by GUI design, use case diagrams, domain models, robustness diagrams, sequence diagrams, and class diagrams. The results of research through analysis and system design using the ICONIX process method, it is hoped that Tjangkir Kopi can use it as an illustration of business processes to develop the business to be better and able to compete with competitors.

Data-Driven Design of a Six-Bar Lower-Limb Rehabilitation Mechanism Based on Gait Trajectory Prediction.

For patients who need lower-limb kinetism rehabilitation training, this paper proposes an effective data-driven approach seeking the design of 1-degree-of-freedom (DOF) six-bar rehab mechanism through gait prediction by body parameters. First, gait trajectories from 79 healthy volunteers are collected along with their body parameters. Then, the normalized gait samples are clustered and regressed into a limited number of representative trajectories with K-means algorithm, and the cluster index is recorded as the label for each trajectory. Next, a genetic-algorithm-optimized support vector machine method is adopted to establish a classifier for the trajectories, obtaining the correspondence between body parameters and cluster labels of gait trajectories. As a result, once a group of body parameters are input into the classifier, the suitable gait trajectory can be predicted for the specific patient. A GA-BFGS algorithm is developed for 1-DOF six-bar mechanism synthesis and a GUI design software is presented that shows how the data-driven design process is realized. The novelty of this paper is using clustering and prediction technique to accomplish the patient-mechanism matching, so that simple, low-priced 1-DOF mechanisms could be adopted for large number of various patients without expensive customized design for each individual. In the end, a gait rehab device design example is provided, and a prototype device driven by a constant speed motor is presented, which illustrates the feasibility of the proposed method.

A Novel GUI Design for Comparison of ROS-Based Mobile Robot Local Planners

A Novel GUI Design for Comparison of ROS-Based Mobile Robot Local Planners

Test the effectiveness of building safety guidance signs in a T-junction corridor based on eye movement data

Evacuation signs are a key factor in the effectiveness of occupants’ urgent escape from buildings. Different sign features may have disparate impacts on individual and crowd behavior. This study aims to quantitatively investigate the effectiveness of building evacuation signs with different features during pedestrian evacuation using eye-tracking devices. Ten experiments were conducted in a building in T-junction scenarios, and four sets of features related to evacuation signs (color, position, graphics, and flashing) were considered. SMI BeGaze was used to analyze the eye movements of the occupants. The fixation duration of the evacuees and the ratio of signs detected and followed were quantitatively derived and compared for each experiment. The results show that it is easier for evacuees to detect signs at a low sightline, and signs posted at that level of sight can provide better guidance. When signs are posted high up, red signs are easier to detect than green signs. Most evacuees prefer to follow the evacuation signs once they detect them; however, there is no significant difference in the effect of what is posted on the evacuation signs, such as a running man or an arrow. Conversely, flashing of signs is highly helpful in influencing evacuees’ behavior, but flashing is not helpful in detecting signs. More importantly, red signs with a running man graphic located in a low position have the best guiding effects on evacuees. The fixation behaviors of evacuees vary according to sign features, particularly in regard to flashing and color. Evacuees stare longer at twinkling signs. Differences in the colors and positions of signs result in significantly different perceptual behaviors among evacuees. Our findings are useful for building designers and provide guidance for developing effective evacuation strategies.

Research into the Visual Saliency of Guide Signs in an Underground Commercial Street Based on an Eye-Movement Experiment

The complex spatial environment of underground commercial street spaces will affect users’ behavior and information needs. As a medium to coordinate the interaction between the underground commercial street space environment and people, guide signs can provide useful information for users. However, the visual saliency of guide signs is the fundamental premise for determining the transmission of information to users. Based on field research, this study identified and examined the factors influencing the significance of guide signs in underground commercial streets from the user’s perspective using the order relation analysis method (G1 method) and with the help of screen-based eye tracking and virtual reality (VR) eye-tracking technology, In addition, we explored the design relationship between critical influencing factors and the space between underground commercial streets, and the visual significance of the differences between each important influencing variable. The study showed that the set position, set height, and design color of underground commercial street guide signs are essential factors in their visual prominence. The prominence was more significant when the position of guide signs was located in the middle and upper area of the space, and the prominence was more significant when the set height was 2.56~2.75 m and 3.12~3.31 m. This study can provide data and theoretical support for the visual saliency design of underground commercial street guide signs and provide a reference for the humanized design of underground commercial street guide signs for public facilities in cities.

Research on multilingual signs of the tour guide system in Tokyo - A novel discussion of the capabilities of Chinese signs

The number of multilingual signs in Japan was increasing rapidly; however, there were still disputes over the information of signs, such as low recognition of information and language selection, etc. In this case, this study was carried out.BR The purpose of the study was to define benchmarks for foreigner-friendly multilingual signs. Moreover, the possibility of how Chinese information was marked in the multilingual signs of Japanese Tourist Attractions was explored.BR The research contents and results were as follows. Firstly, the representative tourist attractions in Tokyo were surveyed on the spot and photographed for record. Secondly, the data from the fieldwork were organized into charts and graphs and analyzed for multilingual markers. Thirdly, through interviews with H Tourism Association in Tokyo, some issues with the signs of the current situation of scenic spots were revealed. Fourthly, from the perspective of the characteristics of Chinese language and the thinking method about Chinese characters, the field surveys and interviews about the need for a large area of multilingual information marking in signs were analyzed. The possibility of marking Chinese messages in signs of Tourist Attractions in Japan was discussed.BR Guidance signs and induction signs were more informative, and the information was generally presented in words rather than sentences. If adopted together with non-verbal communication such as map and diagram, the Chinese characters in the guidance signs and induction signs of historical scenic spots with a high proportion of Chinese characters could be omitted.BR So far, there have been many studies on the issue of multilingual signs from the perspective of fonts and layout. What’s more, from this new perspective on language features, the issue of multilingual signs was explored in this study. It was expected that the results of this research can be applied into practice in practical projects.

Verify the Validity of Guidance Sign in Buildings: A New Method Based on Mixed Reality with Eye Tracking Device

Evacuation signs are one of the key factors which influence the building evacuation efficiency and evacuees’ route choice behaviors. It is important to test the effectiveness of evacuation signs, and an eye movement test was verified to be a good way. In this paper, both reality and MR (Mixed-Reality) evacuation experiments were carried out to collect the eye movement data of participants, such as gaze position, fixation duration, and number of gazes. In the reality experiment, participants took part in an emergency evacuation at a T-junction corridor with the glass-type eye-tracking device. In order to collect eye movement data in the MR experiment, the eye tracking device was integrated into the Microsoft HoloLens device (MR-ET for short). In either reality or MR experiments, each participant took part in five sub-experiments with five different types of evacuation signs. It was found that (1) the evacuation signs with a black background, green foreground and flashing lights have a better effect in guidance; (2) the flashing lights can better attract the attention of the participants, and enhanced the participants’ understanding of the signs. (3) An X-mark will hinder participants’ understanding of the signs and increase their reaction time. According to the results of the experiments, it is also found that the eye-tracking test in an MR environment is also a good method to test the effectiveness of the evacuation signs, and such a method can also be used in building safety design without damaging a wall or changing the reality environment of a building.

Does a large group of pedestrians follow the evacuation signs? An experimental study

Guidance signs are generally considered to be key in improving the efficiency of emergency building evacuations. During a group evacuation, how obedient is the group to the evacuation signs? Would different evacuation signs affect the judgment of evacuated groups? Evacuation experiments were conducted to explore the influence of evacuation signs on the path selection of evacuation groups. Fourteen classes with 514 participants participated in these experiments, and each class participated in one experiment. Six classes conducted the experiments without guidance signs, and the rest conducted the experiments with guidance signs. The influences of the sign's color (red and green), pattern (arrow and running man), and status (whether it flashes) on the route selection were studied. The results show that (1) the evacuation signs significantly affect the route choices of the evacuated groups. (2) The herding effect during the evacuation process does not influence the guiding effect of evacuation signs. (3) Evacuation signs of different colors and patterns have different guiding effects, and the Green running man sign has the best effect. (4) The constant bright, or flashing evacuation sign corresponding to the flashing Red running man has a significant impact on the route selection of the evacuated group. The results may provide a reference for improving the emergency evacuation guidance model of office buildings or other buildings with a large flow of people and optimize ideas for the design and layout of emergency evacuation signs.

Proposition on the Redesigning Outdoor Guidance Systems on Campus: A Case Study of Southwest Minzu University Aeroport Campus in Southwest China

This research was established to assess the campus guidance system design of Southwest Minzu University. Using the classification method of guidance systems, this campus outdoor was divided into three levels of systems: general guidance signs, area guidance signs, and induced guidance signs. Then after. it was divided into pedestrian guidance systems and vehicle guidance systems from different users and uses the methods of fixed-point photography and field research for data collection and analysis. Through realistic logical classification and scientific research, a standardized and systematic logic of the campus outdoor guidance system was formed. Finally, the form, color, and pattern of the system were designed according to the characteristics of SWMU. The combination of rigorous logic and characteristics is a design approach that can be used as a model for other university campuses

화상디자인 특허 심사를 위한 분류체계 현황과 개선방안 연구

화상디자인 특허 심사를 위한 분류체계 현황과 개선방안 연구

Improved Practices for Temporary Work Zone Guide Signs

Freeway reconstruction projects often involve adding lanes and improving entrance and exit ramps. Sign supports for overhead guide signs are sometimes removed early in the project to make way for construction activities. In addition, roadside guide signs may need to be relocated and replaced with temporary guide signs. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices provides guidance for work zone guide signs in Part 6, stating that temporary guide signs shall have black legend and border on an orange background. But permanent guide signs follow Part 2 of the MUTCD, which prescribes white legend and border on a green background for guide signs in general. Thus, many long-term freeway work zones may have guide signs in both color schemes that change throughout the project as the construction work progresses. The constrained conditions often seen in these work zones can also result in guide signs that use a variety of fonts, font sizes, sign sizes, and placement positions. This paper describes the human factors study that was performed to assess motorist understanding of various work zone guide signage strategies. Based on the results, the researchers were able to develop recommendations for long-term work zone guide sign design and placement to improve uniformity for the traveling public.

Placement Distance of Exit Advance Guide Sign on an Eight-Lane Expressway Considering Lane Changing Behavior in China

The reasonable placement of the advance guide signs (AGSs) is important in improving driving efficiency and safety when exiting an expressway. By analysing the lane-changing process when approaching an exit on new two-way eight-lane expressways, we modified the tradi-tional AGS model lane-change distance formula. To this end, a field experiment was designed to explore the lane-change traversal time at the free flow condition (LOS 1). Considering the limitations of the experimental equip-ment, lane change distance at the worst levels of service was explored using VISSIM simulation. The results show that the eight-lane changing distance based on modified theoretical calculations, revealed a minor difference with VISSIM simulation in free flow condition. Further-more, placement distance at the worst levels of service are discussed. Then placement distance of all-level AGSs is recommended to be 3 km, 2 km, 1.2 km, and 0.8 km, considering the driver's short-term memory attenuation calculation formula. Determining the two-way eight-lane AGS placement distance from the perspective of LOS can provide a basis on which to supplement the existing stan-dards and references for the AGS placement distance af-ter the expressway expansion in China.

Learning GUI Completions with User-defined Constraints

A key objective in the design of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) is to ensure consistency across screens of the same product. However, designing a compliant layout is time-consuming and can distract designers from creative thinking. This paper studies layout recommendation methods that fulfill such consistency requirements using machine learning. Given a desired element type and size, the methods suggest element placements following real-world GUI design processes. Consistency requirements are given implicitly through previous layouts from which patterns are to be learned, comparable to existing screens of a software product. We adopt two recently proposed methods for this task, a Graph Neural Network (GNN) and a Transformer model, and compare them with a custom approach based on sequence alignment and nearest neighbor search (kNN) . The methods were tested on handcrafted datasets with explicit layout patterns, as well as large-scale public datasets of diverse mobile design layouts. Our results show that our instance-based learning algorithm outperforms both neural network approaches. Ultimately, this work contributes to establishing smarter design tools for professional designers with explainable algorithms that increase their efficacy.

Simulation of Reading of Guide Signs to Evaluate the Effect of Foreign Language Insertion in Bilingual Guide Signs on the Behavior of Native Drivers

Simulation of Reading of Guide Signs to Evaluate the Effect of Foreign Language Insertion in Bilingual Guide Signs on the Behavior of Native Drivers

A Driving Simulation to Analysis and Quantitative Comparison of Driving Behavior of Guide Signs at Intersections

Guide signs are an important source for drivers to obtain road information. However, the evaluation methods for the effectiveness of guide signs are not unified. The quantitative model for evaluating guide signs needs to be constructed to unify the current system of guide signs. This study aims to take the commonly used guide signs in China as the research object to explore the evaluation method of guide signs at intersections. Eight kinds of guide signs were designed and made based on the common layout (layout 1 and layout 2) and the amount of information on signs (3–6). Thirty-four drivers were recruited to organize a driving simulation based on the visual cognitive tasks. Drivers’ legibility time and driver behavior were obtained by using the driving simulator and E-Prime program. A comprehensive quantitative evaluation model of guide signs was established based on the factor analysis method and grey correlation analysis method from the perspective of safe driving. The results show that there is no significant difference in the SD of speed and the SD of acceleration under the influence of various guide signs. The average vehicle speed and acceleration decrease, and the lateral offset distance of the vehicle increases with the amount of information on guide signs increasing. The quantitative evaluation results of guide signs show that the visual security decreases with the increase of the amount of information on guide signs. And layout 2 has better performance than layout 1 when the amount of information on guide signs is the same. This study not only explores the change rule of driving behavior under the influence of guide signs, but also provides a reference for the selection of guide signs.

Influences of Exit Advance Guide Signs on the Trajectory and Speed of Passenger Cars in Highway Tunnels

The driving behavior in highway tunnels is more complicated than that in regular roadbed sections because the former is usually affected by black and white hole effects, tunnel clearance, and bad illumination. Unfortunately, the current Chinese criteria and the Uniform Traffic Control Equipment Manual (MUTCD) 2009 guidelines provide no clear method for setting exit advance guide signs in highway tunnels. Hence, a driving simulator-based experiment was conducted in the current study to analyze the effects of exit advance guide signs on the trajectory, speed, and acceleration of passenger cars in a highway tunnel under three different service levels. It was found that when the service level is first service level, second service level, and third service level, the setting of the exit advance guide signs made the initial transverse location of the vehicle from the tunnel exit advance by 13.39%, 21.20%, and 5.73%, the lane change distance is shortened by 6.34%, 20.18%, and 15.34%, the average speed is decreased by 1.44%, 2.40%, and 0.08%, and the acceleration is decreased to −0.10 m·s−2, −0.11 m·s−2, and −0.06 m·s−2. Thus, the exit guide signs in the tunnel played a certain optimization role in improving the traffic flow state of the section and reducing the traffic accident rate.

Evaluation on the Internal Public Space Quality in Affordable Housing Based on Multi-Source Data and IPA Analysis

Much affordable housing has poor accessibility to external urban public space facilities because of its suburb location, which makes the residents’ daily life and social activities mainly depend on the internal public space of the community. Such affordable housing needs urgent upgrading of the internal public space based on the thorough understanding of the low-income residents’ demand ranking. The internal spaces’ transformation will significantly improve the living environment and the quality of residents’ life, and it also provides a way to promote social equity and sustainable urban development. By using the multi-source data and the two-step floating catchment area method, this paper selects typical affordable housing, which has poor accessibility to external urban public space, as our case study. After establishing the evaluation index system, IPA (Importance and Performance Analysis) is used to calculate the quadrant value of each index so as to clarify the upgrading urgency indexes from the residents’ demand for internal public space of affordable housing. Studies have shown that tables, chairs and pavilions, pedestrian systems, retail commercial facilities, medical and health facilities, and recreational space have the strongest urgency for upgrading; fitness facilities, exercise space, barrier-free access, guidance signs and parking lot design are the next most urgent indexes; Recreational facilities, entrances/exits of the residential area, green space in front of t residential buildings, and cultural facilities all have general urgency for upgrading.

Image Steganography-Based GUI Design to Hide Agricultural Data

Throughout the ages, safely preserving and transmitting data that have extraordinary importance for humanity has increased its importance with rapid advances in computer technology. Steganography stores hidden data within the files, which are unnoticed by third parties, so it provides secure transmission of data to the receiver. In this study, a steganography-based GUI design has been carried out, which ensures that the agricultural data is safely stored and communicated to the other party. We used LSB one-bit, two-bit, three-bit substitution and PVD algorithms with GUI for stages of agricultural data hiding and extracting at cover images. We also provided extra security using the embedded key and shifting operations on the hidden data before hiding data the cover image. In short, we confused the hidden data in the cover image so that malicious people can't understand. In experimental studies, performance analysis was evaluated by comparing various criteria as similarity ratio (Structural Similarity Index Measure, SSIM), stego image quality (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio, PSNR) and data hiding capacity (Payload).

Layout Optimization of Guidance Signs in Subway Station Based on Passenger Flow Line

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization, urban public traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate traffic congestion, people’s demand for public transportation is increasing. Due to the increasing passenger flow in the subway station, the original guidance signs in the station often fail to play the expected role, and passengers cannot get effective guidance in the crowded passenger flow. This paper takes the maximum amount of information obtained by passengers as the objective function to establish the guidance sign layout model, and chooses a 0-1 integer programming model to solve it. Based on the distribution coefficient ρij; , the passenger flow wij; , the weight coefficient d and the inverse of the number of intersections qij , these four variables are used to comprehensively analyze the amount of guidance information of the guidance signs, and set constraints based on the number of passenger flow lines and guidance signs. Xiyuan Subway station, for example, through the site of the actual passenger flow survey, to obtain the required parameters, and finally using MATLAB programming solution, to get an effective guidance sign layout position, improve the guidance sign guide efficiency.

Research on Improvement Plan of Orientation Sign System of Theater Public Space

The construction of urban public spheres continues to move towards internationalization and standardization. This is a very significant trend in all countries in the world. Specifically, there are still many areas in many cities in China that are not perfect and need further improvement. The construction of public space-oriented sign system belongs to this standardization category. Through the guiding function provided by the sign system, the application function and cultural function of urban public space can be maximized and optimized, which not only contributes to the overall efficiency of its use. The improvement of the building has also brought its construction level to a higher level. For the design of the logo and guidance system, it must be based on its actual application environment, meet the general construction standards, and ensure that it has a better display of overall consistency and artistic appreciation, so that it can be highly recognized in the application process. This study conducted an in-depth analysis of some typical and representative problems in the design of the orientation sign system of the Beijing National Grand Theater, and gave specific solutions and measures based on the analysis results. This case has a good demonstrative effect and reference value for the construction of the oriented sign system of other similar urban public spaces. The related problems are extremely universal, and the specific solutions are also very targeted.<BR> The guidance sign system is to provide a series of visual wayfinding behavior designs for the target visitors. In order to improve the visitors’ wayfinding experience, it is necessary to establish a complete guidance sign system. Take the Beijing National Grand Theater as an example, analyze the existing problems of the Beijing National Grand Theater’s public space logo through statistics on site-related data and observe visitors’ daily path-finding behaviors, and focus on the needs of visitors to plan and inform Systematic optimization suggestions are made in terms of reading and information recognizability. Through the optimization study of the existing oriented sign system of the Beijing National Grand Theater, the design principles of the oriented sign system of the public space of the Grand Theater are explored to improve the visitor