Grus Japonensis Research Articles

Environmental impact of cadmium: a review by the Panel on Hazardous Trace Substances.

This report is the result of a review by a Panel on Hazardous Trace Substances, as part of a report to an ad hoc Committee on Environmental Health Research whose chairman was Dr. David Rall, Director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH.

幼児の論理的思考についての実験的一考察

In this experiment, I Would observe how preschool children will give a solution when they are given subjects in which they have interest. After that, I would characterize logical constructs of thinking in pre-school children. As a different view point from general researches on logical thinking, I would observe how pre-school children really think logically before they consciously operate and adjust already existing systems and axioms of logic. Experiments Subjects: 60 children in kindegrarten (six years old).Materials: 16 colored pictures of animals on white cards (4cm-4cm). These animals are as follows,fishes: a goldfish, ared tai and a loach.birds: a japanese crane, a sparrow, an owl, a duck and a cock. insects: a butterfly, a cicada and a dragonfly. beasts: a monkey, a goat, a rat, a rabbit and a dog.Picture-book is “a living thing” A book of science (2) by Kazuo Mafune. Doshinsha (in Japanese) 1968. This book shows (1) how animals move, and (2) names of parts in animals. For instance,p.2 pictures of a lion, a cat and a dog.“Beasts walk by legs”p.10 picture of a cow.“A beast has a head, a trunk and 4 legs. The body is covered with hairs”Experiment I A. Teaching group. Subjects 30.First, subjects are taught on distinctive features among “fish”,“bird”,“insect” and “beast” in picture- book. First trial subjects must name 16 animals on cards. If they make mistakes, experimenter teaches them correct names. After that subjects classify 16 cards as they consider them to belong to one group or another. When subjects finished classifications, experimenter asked reasons why they classified as they did. For subjects who classified correctly, experiment is stopped. Other subjects must advance to another trial.Second trial: experimenter instructs subjects to classify these 16 cards into “fishes”,“birds”,“insects”, and “beasts”. When they finished, experimenter asked reasons why they classified as they did.ExperimentIIB. Non-teaching group. Subjects 30. Experimenter gave subjects no instructions on these animals. First and second trials are as in first experiment.Results(1) Correct classification on scientific thinking was greater in A group than in B. Though subjects of B group classified correctly, their reasons are based on experience.(2) I would set up some stages of logical thinking which appeared in this experiment.(Table 1)

The Japanese Cranes of Hokkaido

In December, 1962, during a brief stay in Japan I visited the north island of Hokkaido in order to see the Japanese Cranes which are carefully preserved near the seaport of Kushiro. A forty minute bus ride takes you to the nature park where five cranes which have been pinioned are enclosed in an area of grass and brushwood enclosed by a high fence. Another forty minutes by bus takes you further up the river valley to the neighbourhood of the small town of Akan. On farms in this area I saw thirty-three of the wild cranes. A recent census put the total for the whole crane population at 186 birds for the whole island.

Note on Japanese Crane in Nishibetsu Plaine, Hokkaido

A small number of Japanese Cranes inhabit Nishibetsu Plain, adjacent to Betsukai-mura, Notsuke-gun, Hokkaido.The plain is not more than 70 km east of Kushiro, but these cranes and those of Kushiro area seem to make different flocks. They are mainly observed in the swampy field around Parasan and Kanakin villages, and may remain throughout June.

Gruidae of Japan and its adjacent territories

There are four categories on the species of cranes found in Japan. The first, the resident that breeds at a certain district of Japan is Grus japonensis. The second, the winter visitors from the north yearly migrate to Japan in large flocks are Grus monacha and G. vipio: the first was the commonest crane in Japan in the olden days. The third, Grus leucogeranus was a common winter visitor in Kyushu district before the Meiji Era, but no longer found in Japan since that time; the reason of which is not possible to explain. The fourth is stragglers which have two or three capture records chiefly in the olden days; they are Grus grus lilfordi and Anthropoides virgo. If Saghalin, Korea, Manchuria, China, Hainan and Formosa are included besides Japan we have to enumerate one extra besides the above mentioned six species, which is Grus nigricollis.Besides the native cranes several foreign species i. e. Gras nigricollis, Balearica pavonina ceciliae, B. p. regulorum, Grus antigone sharpii, G. a, antigone, G. rubicunda have been brought over to the Jananese zoos and parks as caged birds.

Undescribed Species of Japanese Crane Flies Part IV.*

Undescribed Species of Japanese Crane Flies Part IV.*