Labor Growth Rate Research Articles

On the dynamics of a three-sector growth model

Uzawa’s two-sector growth model is extended into a three-sector model, where the labor growth rate is variable and bounded over time. The solution of this economic system is determined, as well as its long-run growth and asymptotic stability are investigated.

Capital–Skill Complementarity and Inequality in Sweden

AbstractIncome inequality increased in Sweden during the 1980s and 1990s, as did the returns to higher education. The main conclusion of this study is that increased income inequality between high‐ and low‐skilled workers is demand driven and is due to the presence of capital–skill complementarity in production. Increased investments in new, more efficient capital equipment, along with a slowdown in the growth rate of skilled labor, have raised the ratio of effective capital inputs per skilled worker, which, in turn, has increased the relative demand (and market return) for skilled labor through the capital–skill complementarity mechanism.

The Solow–Swan model with a bounded population growth rate

The paper analyzes the dynamic of the Solow–Swan growth model when the labor growth rate is non-constant but variable and bounded over time. Per capita capital is seen to stabilize to the non-trivial steady state of the Solow–Swan model with a particular constant labor growth rate. The solution of the model is proved to be asymptotically stable. In case of a Cobb-Douglas production function and a generalized logistic population growth law, the solution is shown to have a closed-form expression via Hypergeometric functions.

The computable overlapping generations model with an endogenous growth mechanism

The overlapping generations model based on the endogenous growth theory, incorporating human capital stock has been developed and some simulations under the alternative population growth patterns and some sensitivity analyses, with respect to some key parameters have been conducted. The main results are as follows: (1) the endogenously determined growth rate of human capital offsets the negative population growth rates; (2) the individual has an incentive to allocate his/her time into schooling investments for accumulating his/her human capital in the phase of declining population growth; and (3) there is a negative correlation between the growth rate of labor being supplied and human capital.

Bioeconomics Of Culture For Common Carp In Floating Net Cages In The Maninjau Lake West Sumatra

This study was conducted in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatera from April 1998 to Febru¬ary 1999. The objective of this study is: (1) to estimate the relation between aquaculture of production and its biological performance, economics as well as physical system, (2) to know which inputs are most important determinants of total output, (3) to identify the level of input efficiency. Data were collected by RRA and Survey using Semi-Structure Interview methods, and also from record keeping form of producers. The unconstrained Cobb Douglass production function was applied to estimate its relationship, and 8 explanatory variables con¬sist of biological inputs, economical inputs and physical inputs were hypothesized to explain the production yields. This study shows that F-value and R2 or coefficient of determination were highly significant of the 8 independent variables, only 5 variables have the expected positive sign and rest of them result negative sign. T- test shows that 6 explanatory variables are significant in explain during the output. The highest contribution and the most important deter¬minants of the total output are specific growth rate of biomass, stocking density and feed. The inputs of specific growth rate of biomas, stocking density and feeding labor for the fish fed should be increased to maximize profit, while reducing other inputs. Keywords: Bioeconomics, common carp, gloating net cage, Maninjau Lake.

Sequence of techniques

This paper analyzes the sequence of techniques in an explicitly dynamic version of the Dobb-Sen choice of techniques model. It is proven that when the modern (capital intensive) technique dominates in an optimal full employment steady state, traditional capital accumulation is characteristic of an optimal path in the labor surplus phase when: (1) traditional capital has the higher maximal growth rate and (2) the initial capital stock is ‘sufficiently poor’. The switch date from traditional to modern capital accumulation is shown to be a function of the maximal growth rate and steady shadow price of labor for each technique and the optimal phasing out of traditional capital is characterized. These results are placed in the context of the choice of techniques controversy between Dobb, Sen and Kalecki and its relevance to early Soviet economic development.

The Slowdown in Productivity Growth: Analysis of Some Contributing Factors

The two-thirds drop in labor productivity during the 1970s, which led to slower economic growth and higher prices, is analyzed and the results compared with those of other studies. The authors' investigation focuses on that portion of private business covered by US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Their approach weights capital and labor growth rates by their shares in the business sector's gross domestic product. Contributing factors are limited to those that can be quantified and adapted and whose effects can be shown to be greater during the slowdown period. Two periods of slowdown are identified: 1965-1973 and 1973-1978. The two periods differ in that the latter is dominated by reduced capital formation, due partially to energy price increases, and shows the effects of an interindustry shift in labor and capital. 46 references, 13 tables. (DCK)