Market Growth Rate Research Articles

How COVID-19 can Affect the Worldwide Stock Markets?

This research is interested to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on different stock markets globally. Therefore, we propose a new simulator that is entitled “The Massive Pandemic Contagious Diseases Damage on Stock Markets Simulator (φ-Simulator).” The main objective is to evaluate from a multidimensional graphical perspective the impact of COVID-19 on different stock markets globally. The φ-Simulator can evaluate the COVID-19 impact in the short and long-run. The main objective of the φ-Simulator is to make different simulations under different levels of massive pandemic contagious disease growth rates and the stock market growth rates performance simultaneously. The application of φ-Simulator can show the impact of COVID-19 in different stock markets such as S&P 500, TWSE, Shanghai Stock Exchange, Nikkei 225, DAX, Hang Seng, U.K.-FTSE, KRX, SGX, and Malaysia-FTSE. The issue of COVID-19 is a global issue, which requires an effective global integral medical assistance programs worldwide as well as a stronger and dynamic detection systems and vaccination research collaborations that will render richer welfare and will increase the opportunity to reduce the damage of COVID-19 on the stocks markets anytime and anywhere.

PNS97 BUDGET SUFFICIENCY TO FINANCE HIGH-COST HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES IN COLOMBIA: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH

The Colombian Ministry of Health (MoH) set an annual budget to finance high-cost health technologies. Total budget for 2020 was calculated in US$ 1108 million. This budget is delivered between health maintenance organizations (HMO), based on a linear and a data panel model, with no adjustments for incidence, improvement of access for patients nor incentives to the disease management. That budget only will be updated based on retrospective market growth rates and was calculated without having in count regulated prices for medications. The objective of this work is to propose an alternative model to the designed by MoH and calculate the difference between both, in order to evaluate the current budget sufficiency. It was assumed a hypothetical HMO with 3 million affiliates. A sample of 10 active substances included in the initial budget calculated by MoH was taken. It was assumed that prices and quantities obtained from public databases were accurate proxies to the variables needed to replicate the current budget model for the hypothetical HMO. Then, based on an alternative model which included adjustments for incidence, improvement in patient access and improvement in diagnostics (data obtained from Global Burden of Disease and Colombian public reports), it was obtained a different budget for the hypothetical HMO. Sensitivity analysis on incidence rates and patient access rates were performed. Potential underestimation of budget with the current model is around 30% in comparison to the alternative model proposed. are sensitive to incidence rates, and it was proposed that budget differences in favor to hypothetical HMO should be part of its technical reserve, which is not considered in the current model. Current budget model does not guarantee the financial sufficiency needed by any Colombian HMO and does not encourage them to make any improvements in terms of risk management.

A Study of Product Mix for Mobiles (With Special Reference to Airtel and BSNL)

The product mix of a company, which is generally defined as the total composite of products offered by a particular organization, consists of both product lines and individual products. A product line is a group of products within the product mix that are closely related, either because they function similarly, are sold to the same customer groups, are marketed through the same types of outlets, or fall within given price ranges. Product mix consistency refers to the functional closeness of the company's products. Increasing product mix width or depth or decreasing consistency may not necessarily be a step toward improvement. Product mix decisions should be based on company resources and market needs. The Boston Consulting Group matrix is an aid in product mix decision-making. It organizes the product mix in a matrix based on the market share and market growth rate of products. A product with a high market share and high market growth rate is called a star product.

The relationship between marketing strategies and innovative market orientation on performance of halal-certified agro-food SMEs

Changes in Malaysian’s lifestyle have resulted in an increased demand for trusted agrofood products. Therefore, it is becoming a challenge for halal-certified agro-food SMEs in Malaysia to fulfil the demand by implementing marketing strategies and innovative market orientation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between marketing strategies and innovative market orientation on performance of halal-certified agro-food SMEs. A systematic random sampling was used to select 321 halal-certified agro-food SMEs located in Peninsular Malaysia and a self-administered questionnaire using a structured questionnaire was employed to obtain responses from the target SMEs. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were carried out to analyse the data. Majority of the halal-certified agro-food SMEs involved in the study were categorised as small-sized companies with at least 5 to 75 employees. The finding revealed that there was no association between annual average sales and overall performance of halal-certified agro-food SMEs. The finding further indicated that there was a strong positive relationship between the performance (market share, sales, profitability, and growth rate) of halal-certified agro-food SMEs and marketing strategies and innovative market orientation. It is suggested that the halal-certified agro-food SMEs utilize their experience to develop more effective marketing strategies for better performance.

Formulation of BCG Index (BCGI): An empirical study on Wal-Mart and Amazon (1999 – 2018)

Boston Consulting Group’s Growth – Share Matrix (BCG Matrix) in its original format is a simple 2 × 2 matrix which establishes the correlation between Market Growth Rate and Relative Market Share of different firms and classify them into four categories as ‘Dogs’, ‘Question Marks (?)’, ‘Cash Cows’, and ‘Stars’. This research paper’s objectives are two-fold: First, to test whether there is a statistically significant correlation between Market Growth Rate and Relative Market Share of the Market Leader and its ‘nearest’ rival/‘follower’, and if so, to classify them accordingly and test their natures of risk – aversion; and Second, to formulate a BCG Index (BCGI) by means of two statistically correlated variables for estimating their respective BCG Index Areas (BCGIA) to perform a comparative analysis. In order to serve the purposes, an empirical time – series study of 20 years has been conducted on Wal-Mart and Amazon; the leader and its closest follower in the Wholesale market segment since they are ranked First and Fifth respectively in terms of revenue as per Fortune Global 500 list1.

Оценка темпов роста рынка на основе анализа данных кадастрового учета в разных периодах

The article proposes a method for evaluating the growth rate of the real estate market, the method being derived from the joint normal law of distribution of price logarithms applied to cadastral value. Pricing factors are considered both as qualitative and continuous ones. Qualitative factors are used to divide sets of objects into clusters. Analysis of two-dimensional distributions of cadastral values and dependencies that are derived from them (including growth rates) is carried out for each cluster separately. The proposed method involves the use of large amounts of data, which do not allow applying the usual methods of testing statistical hypotheses immediately. A method of testing large two-dimensional samples for joint normality is proposed for the two-dimensional samples of cadastral (and market) values. All examples are based on a comparison of the results of cadastral valuation of built-in commercial real estate in St. Petersburg in 2015 and 2018.

한·중미 5개국 FTA 발효에 따른 중미시장 활용방안(Trade and Investment Implications of Korea-Central America Free Trade Agreement)

한·중미 5개국 FTA 발효에 따른 중미시장 활용방안(Trade and Investment Implications of Korea-Central America Free Trade Agreement)

The economic effects of private social security accounts

Since the 1980s, over 30 countries have implemented various kinds of personal social security accounts. Most counties have adopted them as a part of their social security systems, to also continue to fund their public pay-as-you-go system. This paper analyses the effects of adopting private accounts, as well as the percentage of income paid into private accounts, on GDP per capita growth. Global panel-data regressions over time are used, as well as sample splits for developing countries and separately for Latin America, where many countries adopted some form of private accounts following Chile's ground-breaking example of a complete switch from public to private social security system. The paper estimates statistically significant effects of privatising parts or all of social security on countries' GDP per capita growth. Private accounts also benefit stock market growth and enrolment rates in secondary and higher education, as well as in reducing government expenditures and national debt.

The economic effects of private social security accounts

Since the 1980s, over 30 countries have implemented various kinds of personal social security accounts. Most counties have adopted them as a part of their social security systems, to also continue to fund their public pay-as-you-go system. This paper analyses the effects of adopting private accounts, as well as the percentage of income paid into private accounts, on GDP per capita growth. Global panel-data regressions over time are used, as well as sample splits for developing countries and separately for Latin America, where many countries adopted some form of private accounts following Chile's ground-breaking example of a complete switch from public to private social security system. The paper estimates statistically significant effects of privatising parts or all of social security on countries' GDP per capita growth. Private accounts also benefit stock market growth and enrolment rates in secondary and higher education, as well as in reducing government expenditures and national debt.

Evaluating the Competitive Position of Port of Douala in Central Africa Regional Ports Market Conduct Using the SSA

This paper aims to analyze the competitive position of Port of Douala in Central African ports market structure. In other words, it consists of measuring port market level and competitiveness through an assessment of their growth rate and market share. The purpose of the paper is to provide us with information on periodical changing status of ports competing with each other. It also provides us with an effective managerial tool to port operators in the assessment of ports market share and position. For doing so, the measurement technique as Shift-Share Analysis was applied in the study by using a panel dataset of the 7 selected ports of Central Africa sub-region from 2008 to 2018. The paper used the recent dynamics and characteristics of port market in terms of port throughputs to compare the yearly trend and market share. By conducting the study of the market growth rate model, the findings showed that the Port of Douala was the top leader of the market in 2009, 2015, 2016 and 2018. The findings also revealed the competitive positions of these ports under study have changed over the period of study due to the significant change of their market share with average growth rates. The final results showed that several determinant factors have affected the present hierarchy of competitiveness level in the selected ports market especially with small and medium size ports that are strengthening their positions vis-a-vis larger ones. However, the results could be used for analyzing the relative efficiency and overall performance of the Central African Sub-regional seaports including the Cameroonian ports.

Optimal Release Strategy for the Competing Software Vendors Based on Word-of-Mouth Effect

ABSTRACTIn the software industry, early release or delayed release are important decisions for the competing software vendors in the presence of the word-of-mouth (WOM) effect. This paper explores the optimal release decisions of two competing software vendors in two periods according to their estimations about WOM generated by their products. We find that in most scenarios, the firm expecting to have advantaged WOM adopts what is called an early-release strategy, whereas the firm expecting to have disadvantaged WOM adopts a delayed-release strategy. Of interest, when one firm’s expected WOM is sufficiently disadvantaged, it will also adopt an early-release strategy as long as the competitor’s expected WOM is sufficiently advantaged, which will never occur in a monopoly setting. When both firms’ expected WOM are negative and not too small, a counterintuitive equilibrium may appear in which the firm expecting to have disadvantaged WOM adopts the early-release strategy and the other expecting to have advantaged WOM adopts the delayed-release strategy. Two firms will be caught in a prisoner’s dilemma in the duopoly market when both adopt the delayed-release strategy and the difference between the two firms’ expected WOM is sufficiently small. As the market growth rate increases (decreases), competitive firms are more likely to adopt the delayed-release strategy (early-release strategy). Further, compared with the optimal strategy in a monopoly setting, a software vendor is more likely to adopt an early-release strategy in the competition setting, and the probability of adopting an early-release strategy will be higher as the intensity of competition becomes stronger. Firms’ interests and the social planner’s interest can be aligned under certain conditions, but this is not always the case. Finally, we examine the firms’ optimal release strategies and quality design strategies when we assume a specific functional relationship between WOM and consumer requirement uncertainty and product quality.

STRATEGI PEMASARAN TAKSI BANDARA NGURAH RAI DENGAN METODE BGC (BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP)

The purpose of this research is to find out the right marketing strategies and competitiveness by identifying and analyzing the internal and external environment that affect the Ngurah Rai Airport Taxi Cooperative. In this study using marketing strategy analysis, namely BCG/Boston Consulting Group Matrix and SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats) analysis. BCG matrix to determine the level of market growth and relative market share. SWOT analysis to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, then using segmenting, targeting, positioning/STP and 7P (marketing mix) results of the data obtained and then analyzed with IFAS and EFAS. The types of data used in this study are qualitative and quantitative data, primary and secondary data. Determination of samples in this study using purposive sampling method as many as 50 respondents. Data collection techniques by observation, questionnaires, structured interviews, and literature study. The results of the BCG matrix research, based on the calculation of the market growth rate is 1.35% and the result of the calculation of the relative market share is 1.45 x> 1 so that it is in the position of Cash Cow. The marketing strategy that can be carried out by the Ngurah Rai Airport Taxi Cooperative is to maintain the market, create new products, find new businesses. The strategy offered in the Cash Cow quadrant the company must always keep the company in a stable condition. The results of the SWOT analysis study from IFAS assessment were 2.66 and EFAS was 2.28. Then the position of the SWOT diagram is Growth Stability which is the company must determine efforts to strengthen market share, increase sales, pursue large profits by diversifying/expanding the market.

Portfolio theory, information theory and Tsallis statistics

We developed a strategic of optimal portfolio based on information theory and Tsallis statistics. The growth rate of a stock market is defined by using q-deformed functions and we find that the wealth after n days with the optimal portfolio is given by a q-exponential function. In this context, the asymptotic optimality is investigated on causal portfolios, showing advantages of the optimal portfolio over an arbitrary choice of causal portfolios. Finally, we apply the formulation in a small number of stocks in brazilian stock market [B]3 and analyzed the results.

The motives for Japanese foreign direct investment in the Southeastern United States

PurposeWhereas the USA is still the largest investment destination for Japanese companies, Japan also accounts as the second largest source of investment in the country. The purpose of this paper is to, empirically, examine the detailed motives of Japanese affiliates when investing in the Southeastern USA, adding to previous research at the national level.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a qualitative approach based on the interviews of long-term Japanese investors in the manufacturing and wholesale trade industries in the Southeastern USA and applies text analysis to identify their motives.FindingsThe results show that Japanese firms engage in market- and efficiency-seeking foreign direct investment (FDI), and still apply a classic sequence of gradual and incremental market commitments. Market size and growth rate, reducing transaction or transportation costs, and integration within local value chains are the most important to them, whereas competition, creating an export base, lowering tax and accessing skilled labor are of little concern.Practical implicationsThe goal of Japanese FDI in the USA is no longer to bypass tariffs but is still part of a complex industrial network of relations which drives further investment. This result can inform policy makers at the state level about the factors that can drive additional foreign investment, such as the establishment of industrial clusters.Originality/valueThis study offers current insights into the motives of Japanese FDI in two industries.

Industrial Applications of Terahertz Sensing: State of Play.

This paper is a survey of existing and upcoming industrial applications of terahertz technologies, comprising sections on polymers, paint and coatings, pharmaceuticals, electronics, petrochemicals, gas sensing, and paper and wood industries. Finally, an estimate of the market size and growth rates is given, as obtained from a comparison of market reports.

Quantitative market analysis of the European Climate Services sector – The application of the kMatrix big data market analytical tool to provide robust market intelligence

Although activities within the Climate Services sector have been offered to public and private sector markets for a long time, the concept of “Climate Services” as a distinct sector is relatively new. Traditionally, these services have been considered an extension of Weather Services, but as the awareness of the Climate Services sector has spread, so has the need for in-depth, reliable and quantifiable market intelligence. The kMatrix big data analytical tool is a unique research methodology, providing market intelligence for “hard to measure” markets. The kMatrix method was applied to the Climate Services sector to define, measure and forecast the current and potential future market volume of the sector. The MARCO definition of Climate Services was developed by using an existing kMatrix Weather & Climate Services dataset, which was then scrutinized by the MARCO partners and a distinct and extended Climate Services taxonomy developed. Market intelligence is provided by country, industry, platform and service and includes value of sales (€m), import and export data, number of transactions, market growth rates, benchmarks of innovation and supplier and purchaser transactional data. The data has been mapped to NACE codes and NUTS 2 regions. The work provides a geographic baseline for Climate Services and allows for country and regional analysis. It provides a common definition of the sector and quantifies the market for those involved in the provision of climate services, policy makers and others, to have access to reliable market intelligence to monitor and assist in decision making at all levels.

Consumer Fairness Concerns and Dynamic Pricing in a Channel

The extant literature has well documented consumers’ fairness concerns. For example, when a firm charges a higher price than what’s considered fair (a reference point), some consumers may experience some psychological disutility when buying from the firm. This paper studies a channel where the retailer faces a segment of consumers who have fairness concerns about retail price increases. We analyze a growing market where, in each of the two periods, the manufacturer sells its product at a wholesale price to the retailer, which chooses its retail prices dynamically. However, if the retailer raises its second-period price, the second-period demand will experience a drop in the segment of consumers with fairness concerns. Our analysis reveals several interesting findings. First, the presence of consumers with fairness concerns tends to make the manufacturer increase its first-period wholesale price and reduce its second-period wholesale price. Second, the presence of consumers with fairness concerns can in equilibrium reduce both the first-period and second-period retail prices. Third, an increase in the market growth rate can lead to a decrease in retail and wholesale prices in both periods. Fourth, consumer fairness concerns can result in an all-win situation for the manufacturer, the retailer, and the consumers. The existence of a segment of consumers with fairness concerns can allow the retailer to lower its first-period price, which in essence helps the retailer to commit to not significantly raising its second-period price, which in turn gives the manufacturer an incentive to lower its second-period wholesale price, making pricing in the channel more efficient.

A Model for Growth of Markets of Products or Services Having Hierarchical Dependence

Many products and services can only achieve their intended functions and performance when being used in conjunction with or under the operation of other products and services. Such products and services, having varying degrees of hierarchical dependence, are becoming dominant in the global market. This trend has intensified in recent years as a result of the rapid growth in the use of networked technology, and is particularly visible in computer and Internet related products and services. The growth of the user population of these products or services is a result of collective decision behavior of users and prospective users as well as the hierarchical dependence of the streams of products or services. Based on construction of a networked community and two fundamental decision-making behavior, we derive a model in the form of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that describe the growth of the user population of such hierarchically dependent products or services. Then, we use this model to examine real-life data. Specifically, the game software market, being dependent hierarchically upon three video game consoles and two handheld game consoles, will be analyzed as an application example. Furthermore, we analyze the historical growth data of a variety of products and services. Results show that all these data follow our growth equation, and the numerical algorithm for estimating the model parameters allows important market information hidden in the data to be unveiled, such as the relative effectiveness of customer service and promotional efforts, spending power of users, effective market size, and market growth rate.

The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the Profitability of Korean Ocean-Going Shipping Companies

The objective of this study was to establish whether global macroeconomic indicators affect the profitability of Korean shipping companies by using panel regression analysis. OROA (operating return on assets) and ROA (ratio of net profit to assets) were selected as proxy variables for profitability. OROA and ROA were used as dependent variables. The world GDP growth rate, interest rate, exchange rate, stock index, bunker price, freight, demand and supply of the world shipping market were set as independent variables. The size of the firm was added to the control variable. For small-sized firms, OROA was not affect by macroeconomic indicators. However, ROA was affected by variables such as interest rates, bunker prices, and size of firms. For medium-sized firms, OROA was affected by demand, supply, GDP, freight, and asset variables. However, macroeconomic indicators did not affect ROA. For large-sized firms, freight, GDP, and stock index (SCI; Shanghai Composite Index) have an effect on OROA. ROA was analyzed to be influenced by bunker price and SCI.

Το Μέλλον και οι Προοπτικές Ανάπτυξης Ιατρικού Τουρισμού στην Κύπρο

Introduction: Medical tourism constitutes a new, fast- growing form of tourism and sector in the services indus- try. The health tourism “industry” is a parameter of vital importance encouraging individuals to seek healthcare services on an international level. Its annual growth rate in the global market is estimated at 25-35%. Aim-Objective: To investigate how Medical tourism can contribute significantly to the overall development of Cyprus, in the context of a general financial crisis, where new resources are constantly on demand, and to explore its prospects for growth. Material-Methodology: The Delphi method, which is suitable for establishing a convergence in participants’ judgements or opinions, was used. It involves two research phases and a series of questionnaires, includ- ing multiple rounds. Twenty-two experts from the health and tourism sectors were selected based on their knowledge and experience. Qualitative criteria involv- ing semi-structured interviews were used for the statis- tical analysis of the data, while quantitative criteria were employed to analyse the participants’ responses using the statistical analysis software package SPSS. Percentages, mean values, and standard deviations were calculated. Results: Ninety-six per-cent of respondents converge that this sector should be further developed through comprehensive planning. A hundred per-cent of respon- dents believe that all relevant stakeholders—who are called upon to participate as coordinators—should col- laborate so as to develop marketing strategies, achieve the accreditation of hospitals and improve the quality of the local health services. Conclusion: Important benefits resulting in the strengthening of the local economy are revealed. Further, the need for the development of an upgraded product at a competitive cost, the establishment of parameters concerning the accreditation of the quality of hospitals, as well as the exploitation of the health- care services currently on offer.