Growth Pattern In Patients Research Articles

Spontaneous and Function-Related Pain is Associated With Endophytic Cancer Growth Pattern in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Before Treatment: Multivariable Analysis

Objectives. Although pain is one of the most important factors to affect quality of life in patients with oral cancer, only a few clinical studies have been done in this field. In order to elucidate significant factors associated with spontaneous and function-related pain in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) before treatment, this retrospective study was performed.

Transcriptional profiles in melanocytes from clinically unaffected skin distinguish the neoplastic growth pattern in patients with melanoma

It is generally accepted that sunlight may contribute to the development of melanoma. To analyse gene expression of melanocytes obtained from clinically unaffected skin of patients with melanoma and healthy controls before and after exposure to ultraviolet B radiation. Using GeneChip array technology, the gene expression of melanocytes obtained from the two donor groups was profiled, in order to identify transcriptional differences affecting susceptibility to melanoma. The data collected did not show any difference between the expression profiles of melanocytes purified from normal donors and from patients with melanoma that was able to give a statistically significant class separation. However, by means of unsupervised clustering our data could be divided into two main classes. The first class included the transcriptome profiles of melanocytes obtained from skin samples of patients with a vertical growth phase (VGP) melanoma, while the second class included the transcriptome profiles of melanocytes obtained from skin samples of patients with a radial growth phase (RGP) melanoma. These data suggest that melanocytes in patients with VGP and RGP melanomas show significant differences in gene expression profiles, which allow us to classify patients with melanoma also from clinically unaffected skin.

Characteristic Height Growth Pattern in Patients with Pseudohypoparathyroidism: Comparison between Type 1a and Type 1b.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a metabolic disorder characterized by organ resistance to the action of parathyroid hormone. PHP type 1 is subclassified into two apparent disorders, type 1a (PHP1a) and type 1b (PHP1b). Patients with PHP1a show Albright hereditary osteodystrophy including short stature. Patients with PHP1b have no such skeletal defects, however, literature regarding the growth of PHP1b is not currently available. We evaluated growth charts of PHP patients, including four PHP1a patients and six PHP1b patients. Growth patterns were different between PHP type 1a and 1b. Adult height was abnormally low in all PHP1a patients. The growth pattern of PHP1a was characterized by mild growth impairment in the prepubertal period, a blunted growth spurt and premature cessation of the growth spurt. The adult height of male PHP1b was slightly lower than average. An early growth spurt was observed only in male patients with PHP1b and it may reduce the adult height of male patients with PHP1b. This warrants further investigation into the growth and pubertal development of PHP1b patients.

Pain Is Associated With Endophytic Cancer Growth Pattern in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Before Treatment: Multivariable Analysis

Pain Is Associated With Endophytic Cancer Growth Pattern in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Before Treatment: Multivariable Analysis

Deletions of chromosome 8p and loss of sFRP1 expression are progression markers of papillary bladder cancer

Many molecular alterations are known to occur in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, but their significance for tumor progression is poorly understood. Deletions of chromosome 8p are frequently found in several tumor types and are often associated with progressive disease. In all, 99 bladder tumors were screened for deletions at 8p using loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization FISH analyses. Allelic loss on chromosome 8p in at least one marker was found in 25/99 (25%) tumors. There was a significant correlation of 8p deletions with invasive tumor growth and a highly significant association with papillary growth pattern in patients with invasive disease. cDNA array analyses revealed that secreted Frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP1), an antagonist of Frizzled receptors and Wnt pathway activation on chromosome 8p12–11.1, is frequently downregulated in bladder cancer. To investigate sFRP1 as a candidate for a putative progression-related gene on 8p, urothelial cell lines and primary urothelial carcinomas were screened for sFRP1 expression using quantitative real-time PCR, Northern blot, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Of the investigated bladder cancers, 38% showed loss of sFRP1 expression by quantitative RT-PCR. Evaluation of the protein expression by IHC using tissue microarrays containing 776 bladder cancers revealed loss or strong reduction of sFRP1 expression in 66% of cases. SFRP1 loss was associated with higher tumor stage and grade and shorter overall survival. In addition, loss of sFRP1 was an independent indicator of poor survival in patients with papillary but not with muscle invasive bladder cancer. There were neither mutations in the coding region of sFRP1 nor homozygous deletions at 8p12–11.21. However, promoter methylation was detected using methylation-specific PCR in 29% of cases. In conclusion, we could show a close correlation of chromosome 8p deletions and progression of papillary bladder tumors. The sFRP1 gene on chromosome 8p12–11.1 could be a candidate gene for the predicted, progression-related tumor suppressor gene in bladder cancer and could contribute to urothelial carcinogenesis.

Split renal function does not change after successful treatment in children with primary vesico-ureteric reflux.

To evaluate the renal growth pattern in patients with primary vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) using long-term measurements of split renal function with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy. In all, 712 children aged < 16 years (466 boys and 246 girls) with primary VUR were referred to our hospital from July 1991 to December 2000. VUR was diagnosed by voiding cysto-urethrography. The patients were treated either surgically (group 1) or conservatively (group 2) and followed with serial 99mTc-DMSA scintigraphy for up to 10 years. There were 942 examinations in 367 of 712 patients who had repeat scintigraphy. Patients with secondary VUR, VUR to a solitary or fused kidney, or upper urinary tract obstruction, were excluded. Five of 298 patients (1.7%) who had ureteric reimplantation had a febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) soon after surgery but none recurred (recurrence is an indication for surgery in children with VUR); there was no febrile UTI in the 69 patients in group 2. Planar scintigraphy with 99mTc-DMSA was used to assess the absolute uptake (AU) of each kidney, measured as a percentage of the injected dose, and the relative uptake (RU = AU of each kidney/AU of both kidneys) calculated. The initial examination was at least 4 weeks after any febrile UTI in most patients. Serial studies were conducted 1 year after surgery and then biannually in group 1. In group 2 the DMSA scan was repeated every 2-3 years. The change in split renal function was compared with the RU of the right kidney. The RU of the right kidney at the initial scan correlated closely with those on repeated scans in both groups. The correlation coefficients were 0.99 in group 1 and 0.94-0.97 in group 2 at every study. The change of RU remained within 0.05 in all patients after treatment. Under strict control of UTI, split renal function in children with primary VUR does not change. There may be no possibility of accelerated or compensatory growth of the kidney with reflux nephropathy, but no concern about deterioration and atrophy either.

The influence of orthodontic extraction treatment on dental structures: A two-factor evaluation

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of extraction of 4 premolars and edgewise mechanics on the growth pattern in patients exhibiting Class I and Class II hyperdivergent and hypodivergent craniofacial skeletal patterns. The sample of 41 patients was categorized by the steepness of the mandibular plane angle, the facial angle, and the ANB angle. High-pull headgear was used on hyperdivergent skeletal skeletal types and cervical headgear on hypodivergent craniofacial patterns when indicated.

Is there a place for combined therapy with GnRH agonist plus growth hormone in improving final height in short statured children?

The availability of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) and the optimization of substitutive therapy have improved final growth in children with GH deficiency, but despite this some of them fail to grow to their genetic potential. In particular, this may occur in patients who started the substitutive therapy too late and/or in whom bone age progressed too fast during GH administration. In these patients, with unfavorable auxological characteristics, the administration of a GnRH agonist in combination with GH may slow down bone maturation and prolong prepubertal growth, mimicking, to some extent, the growth pattern of patients with GH + Gn deficiency who grow better than children with isolated GHD. A different condition in which such a combined therapy might be used is the short normal child. As they are short but normally-growing children, the onset of puberty is in general appropriate for their chronological age but precocious for their height age. Thus, slowing down pubertal maturation may increase the time available for growth. GH would sustain growth during both GnRHa administration and after its withdrawal, when puberty starts again. Our preliminary results suggest that the administration of GH + GnRHa in combination may have a positive effect on final height in selected children with isolated GHD and in short normal children.

The relevance of the facial growth pattern in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) and its importance for an early decision on the necessity of orthognathic surgery: H.A. Scheuer, W.-J. Höltje Deutsche Zeitschrift für Mund-, Kiefer und Gesichtschirurgie 1996: 20: 268–73

The relevance of the facial growth pattern in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) and its importance for an early decision on the necessity of orthognathic surgery: H.A. Scheuer, W.-J. Höltje Deutsche Zeitschrift für Mund-, Kiefer und Gesichtschirurgie 1996: 20: 268–73

The relevance of the facial growth pattern in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (uCLP), and its importance for an early decision on the necessity of orthognathic surgery: H. A. Scheuer, W.-J. Höltje. (Dtsch Z Mund Kiefer GesichtsChir 1996; 20: 5)

The relevance of the facial growth pattern in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (uCLP), and its importance for an early decision on the necessity of orthognathic surgery: H. A. Scheuer, W.-J. Höltje. (Dtsch Z Mund Kiefer GesichtsChir 1996; 20: 5)

Growth of children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Diseases in childhood have an impact on growth. The influence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) on growth has never been studied well. Recently a patient with LCH was treated with human growth hormone (GH) because of severe GH deficiency due to LCH involvement of both the hypothalamus and pituitary. This led us to review our charts from 1971 onward for evaluation of the growth patterns in patients with LCH. Here the long-term growth of 22 patients with LCH is reported, the median follow up being 7 years and 1 month. The height data were converted into standard deviation scores (SDS). At diagnosis the mean SDS of patients with isolated LCH at diagnosis was 0.04 and -0.37 in patients with disseminated LCH. Of the total group, 12 patients did not show any influence from the LCH or therapy on their growth. The remaining 10 patients reached, after a minimum of 3 years, a percentile clearly higher than that at diagnosis. However all the ten above mentioned patients, either isolated or disseminated LCH, had a lesion in the facial side of the skull. CONCLUSION. GH deficiency is not a common manifestation of LCH in childhood and GH provocation tests are only indicated when there is a poor or decelerating growth rate. In our patients the number of organs involved and/or the treatment modality did not influence the growth in all but one.

Craniofacial Development in Rats with Early Resection of the Zygomatic Arch

Eighty-two-day-old male Wistar rats were selected to study the pattern of craniofacial growth following resection of the zygomatic arches. Rats were divided into three groups: group I (n = 14), the control group; group II (n = 15), with unilateral resection of the zygomatic arch; and group III (n = 8), with bilateral resection. Direct dry skull and cephalometric measurements show increased facial projection and decreased transverse facial width on the side of the resected arch. If the results are extrapolated to the growth pattern of patients with the Treacher Collins syndrome, we can conclude that the zygomatic arch acts as a "moderator" in the morphologic development of the face.

Growth patterns in patients with thalassaemia major

Growth patterns in patients with thalassaemia major

Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment in Achondroplasia*

ABSTRACT Achondroplasia, a form of short stature with short limbs, is the most common disease among osteochondrodysplasia. The growth pattern of patients with achondroplasia is unique compared with the normal standard. At birth, patients' heights are within normal limits and height velocity is normal during the first year in most patients. Thereafter, it declines to the 3 percentile line and remains low until 8 years of age. The peak height velocity is much lower during puberty in these patients than in the normal and contributes to short stature in achondroplasts. Extremely short stature lowers quality of life, therefore, various medications have been tried to promote growth in achondroplasts but in vain. GH is now produced in sufficient quantity utilizing recombinant DNA technique.Since encouraging results have been obtained in the GH treatment of various kinds of short stature without GH deficiency, e.g., Turner's syndrome, intrauterine growth retardation, non‐endocrine short stature, etc., achondroplasia has been also considered as a candidate for GH treatment.There have been only a few studies on GH treatment in achondroplasia and the number of subjects studied is small. However, satisfactory growth‐promoting effects have been demonstrated in these studies although observation periods were short and side effects have not been reported. Further studies are necessary to confirm the optimal dosage and administration method on final height and side effects in long‐term use of GH.

Linear growth in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated without cranial irradiation

Improved treatment regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia have resulted in long-term remission in nearly two thirds of affected children. However, many children have delayed effects of therapy, including neuropsychologic impairment and growth disturbances. Linear growth patterns of patients with ALL who received cranial irradiation as a component of presymptomatic treatment of the central nervous system have been studied by numerous investigators. 1-4 However, longitudinal growth measurements have not been characterized in patients who received only intrathecal chemotherapy to prevent C N S leukemia. Beginning in 1981, children with newly diagnosed non-T-cell, non-B-cell ALL treated at our center have not received CI. We retrospectively evaluated the growth patterns of these patients.

Linear growth patterns in patients with cleft lip or palate or both.

Sequential height determinations were made in patients with isolated cleft palate (ICP) and in patients with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP) during an 11-year period. In 31 patients with ICP height percentiles tended to decrease with age. Beyond 8 years of age, none exceeded the 50th percentile, and measurements in eight (26%) of the patients with ICP were consistently below the fifth percentile. In 34 patients with CLP, after 4 years of age height percentiles were bimodular and clearly separable into a short group (65% below the 50th percentile) and a tall group (35% at or above the 70th percentile). The average height of the parents was normal and suggests alteration of the polygenic inheritance of stature in patients with ICP. While the heights of short and tall patients with CLP reflect the mean height of their parents, the distinct bimodular distribution of the heights of patients with CLP was not anticipated.

The effect of allergy management on facial growth patterns in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)

The effect of allergy management on facial growth patterns in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)

The secretion of adrenal androgens and growth patterns of patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and idiopathic delayed puberty

Plasma concentrations of adrenal androgens (DHEA and DHEA-S) and the growth patterns of four male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism have been compared and contrasted with those of eight male patients wit idiopathic delayed puberty. As a group the patients with HH presented at an older age with delayed puberty and normal heights; the growth rate and pattern have been normal except for an absence of the pubertal growth spurt. Adrenal androgens were usually normal for chronologic age and high for bone age. The patients with IDP presented at a younger age, usually with short stature, low adrenal androgens relative to the chronologic age, but normal relative to the bone age. Patients with IDP appear to exhibit a delay in maturation of both the adrenal cortex and the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis usually with short stature and retardation of the bone age. The importance in measurements of adrenal androgens in the diagnosis of HH and of IDP is emphasized.

Metallic implants as growth markers in infants with craniofacial anomalies

The purpose of the study was to test the retention of metallic implants in bone tissue for evaluation of early facial growth patterns in patients with craniofacial malformations. Implants were inserted in 51 patients (age range: 1-17 months) with different diagnoses, the majority of them with various types of cleft lip and/or palate. Seven positions in the maxilla and four in the mandible were employed. Roentgencephalometric follow-up examinations were carried out at various stages up to the age of about three years. The results indicated that the frequency of implants firmly retained within the bone decreased with time depending on the craniofacial deformity and the implant sites. Stability seemed most critical in positions close to the alveolar processes where more than one-half of the implants inserted were dislocated or lost at the three-year follow-up. For the maxillary implants the patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate displayed the highest failure rate. This investigation did not support continuation of the implant method in infants as used in the present study.

Growth characteristics and factors influencing growth in Bartter's syndrome

Studies on growth patterns of patients with Bartter's syndrome indicate that these patients are not dwarfs, as previously considered. They manifest severe growth retardation during infancy and early childhood, but have a delayed adolescent growth spurt sometime after the seventeenth year. Normal height is eventually attained. Correcting the potassium-deficient state and improving the hypokalemia with triamterene and oral potassium chloride has not improved the growth rate or patterns significantly, and the patients continue to remain below the third percentile during infancy, childhood, and early adolescence. One patient attained normal height and weight despite the absence of any treatment. Studies on the pituitary-adrenal axis show low basal 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids with reduced adrenocorticotropic hormone reserve following metyrapone. Elevated plasma insulin levels (at zero time, the patients' values ranged from 18 to 38 μU per milliliter; normal 10±2 S.D.) were found in all patients with or without abnormal glucose tolerance. The patients exhibited sensitivity to insulin and hypoglycemic unresponsiveness despite increased levels of plasma growth hormone (peak values 35 and 84 ng. per milliliter in the patients; normal 15.5±9.5 S.D.).