Growth Of Cucumber Research Articles

Spesies Arthropoda Permukaan Tanah Pertanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) pada Lahan Bergulma dan Tidak Bergulma

Weeds always appear in minimal or intensive tillage and cause less optimal growth of cucumbers. This study aims to determine the effect of arthropod diversity on the surface of cucumber plants with weed and non-weed land treatments. The research was conducted in the village of Ujanmas Baru, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra. Arthropod observations were carried out using 3 visual methods, pantrap and pitfall traps and the results were analyzed using the calculation of Diversity Index (H'), Individual Distribution (E') and Dominance Index (C). The index obtained in the pitfall traps of the study area with no weeds and weeds in the vegetative and generative phases was categorized in the medium category (H'= 0.56-1.27). The dominant index value of soil arthropods in pitfall traps treated on non-weeds and weeds in the vegetative and generative phases was categorized in the high category range (D = 0.35-0.82). However, in this study the species caught in pan traps were treated on non-weed land and weed land with a diversity index (H') categorized as moderate and a dominant index value (D) categorized as low. The conclusion of this study was that the species of arthropods found in cucumber plants treated with weeds and no weeds did not significantly affect the diversity of arthropods on the cucumber soil surface. Arthropod diversity in cucumber plants in both treatments with pitfall traps and pantrap included in the moderate category with the highest diversity index values of 1.27 and 2.19. Arthropod insect pests found on the surface of the cucumber planting soil consisted of 4 orders and 8 families dominated by Collembola sp and Acheta sp.

Effectivity of borate micro fertilizer on yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Boron (B) is one of the most essential nutrients for fertilization and the production of fruits and seeds, however the availability of boron in soil is very limited. The aim for this experiment is to test the borate micro fertilizer to improve the growth and production of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). The fertilizer used in this experiment is borate micro fertilizer which contain 46% or 460 g.kg-1 B2O3. The experiment was conducted at Cibadak Village, Sukaresmi District, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. Treatments in this experiment were arranged within five rates of fertilizer, which are: without fertilizer (P0); 0.5 rate of Borate fertilizer (0.5 B) (P1); 1.0 rate of Borate fertilizer (1.0 B) (P2); 1.5 rate of Borate fertilizer (1.5 B) (P3); and 2.0 rate of Borate fertilizer (2.0 B) (P4). The result showed that the treatment of 0.5 to 2.0 rate of borate micro fertilizer can produce growth characteristics and plants that are better compared to the control treatment. Applicating 0.5 rate of borate micro fertilizer even has the capacity of yielding production up to 48.960 kg.ha-1. The 0.5 rate of Borate micro fertilizer treatment was concluded as the most effective one compared to other treatments, due to its capacity to produce the highest relative agronomical effectivity value, which is 152%. The recommended rate of Borate fertilizer is 25 kg.ha-1 given by soil drench at 15 and 30 DAP (days after planting) with the concentration is 1.5 g.L-1 and the volume is 250 ml/plant.

RNA-seq-based comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the role of CsPrx73 in waterlogging-triggered adventitious root formation in cucumber.

Abiotic stressors like waterlogging are detrimental to cucumber development and growth. However, comprehension of the highly complex molecular mechanism underlying waterlogging can provide an opportunity to enhance cucumber tolerance under waterlogging stress. We examined the hypocotyl and stage-specific transcriptomes of the waterlogging-tolerant YZ026A and the waterlogging-sensitive YZ106A, which had different adventitious rooting ability under waterlogging. YZ026A performed better under waterlogging stress by altering its antioxidative machinery and demonstrated a greater superoxide ion (O 2-) scavenging ability. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that a high number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. By pairwise comparison and weighted gene co-expression network analysis analysis, 2616 DEGs were obtained which were categorized into 11 gene co-expression modules. Amongst the 11 modules, black was identified as the common module and yielded a novel key regulatory gene, CsPrx73. Transgenic cucumber plants overexpressing CsPrx73 enhance adventitious root (AR) formation under waterlogging conditions and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Silencing of CsPrx73 expression by virus-induced gene silencing adversely affects AR formation under the waterlogging condition. Our results also indicated that CsERF7-3, a waterlogging-responsive ERF transcription factor, can directly bind to the ATCTA-box motif in the CsPrx73 promoter to initiate its expression. Overexpression of CsERF7-3 enhanced CsPrx73 expression and AR formation. On the contrary, CsERF7-3-silenced plants decreased CsPrx73 expression and rooting ability. In conclusion , our study demonstrates a novel CsERF7-3-CsPrx73 module that allows cucumbers to adapt more efficiently to waterlogging stress by promoting AR production and ROS scavenging.

Studies on Graded Levels of NPK on Growth and Yield of Parthenocarpic Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse Condition

The present study highlights on graded levels of NPK on growth and yield of parthenocarpic cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under naturally ventilated polyhouse condition. The graded level of NPK applied in parthenocarpic Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under naturally ventilated polyhouse condition. The results in nutshell indicated that the growth, yield, quality, nutrient availability, nutrient uptake were significantly influenced by application of 125% NPK RDF of cucumber crop. The growth parameters viz., plant height 74.44, 99.18, 131, 153 and 194.58 cm at 30 DAT, 45 DAT, 60 DAT, 75 DAT and 90 DAT, Number of primary branches 8.24, 10.96, 15.40, 17.60 and 20.02 at 30 DAT, 45 DAT, 60 DAT, 75 DAT and 90 DAT, leaf area 163, 242.33, 307, 387.33 and 492.33 cm2 30 DAT, 45 DAT, 60 DAT, 75 DAT and 90 DAT, internodal distance, fruit length, fruit weight, fruit diameter, dry matter content, chlorophyll – a, chlorophyll – b and total chlorophyll content, number of leaves significantly increased with application of 125 % RDF with 7 days of intervals. Significantly higher number of fruits plant-1, number of primary branches, fruit yield plot-1, Leaf area and fruit yield ha-1, with application of 125 % RDF with 7 days of intervals. The improvement in quality parameters were recorded with application of 125 % RDF with 7 days of intervals. followed by treatments T6, T7, (100 % RDF with 2 and 7 days of intervals upto 90 DAT) and T8 (125% of RDF 2 days of interval up to 90 DAT).

Serratia marcescens LYGN1 Reforms the Rhizosphere Microbial Community and Promotes Cucumber and Pepper Growth in Plug Seedling Cultivation.

The vegetable plug seedling plays an important role in improving vegetable production. The process of plug seedling contributes to high-quality vegetable seedlings. The substrate composition and chemical fertilizer are widely studied to promote seedling growth. However, little is known about the effect of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere microbial community and vegetables' growth during plug seedling. The use of beneficial microbes to promote vegetable seedling growth is of great potential. In this study, we showed that the Serratia marcescens strain LYGN1 enhanced the growth of cucumber and pepper seedlings in plug seedling cultivation. The treatment with LYGN1 significantly increased the biomass and the growth-related index of cucumber and pepper, improving the seedling quality index. Specifically, LYGN1 also improved the cucumber and pepper root system architecture and increased the root diameter. We applied high-throughput sequencing to analyze the microbial community of the seedlings' rhizosphere, which showed LYGN1 to significantly change the composition and structure of the cucumber and pepper rhizosphere microbial communities. The correlation analysis showed that the Abditibacteriota and Bdellovibrionota had positive effects on seedling growth. The findings of this study provide evidence for the effects of Serratia marcescens LYGN1 on the cucumber and pepper rhizosphere microbial communities, which also promoted seedling quality in plug seedling cultivation.

CsBLH4 targets CsCAO to regulate chlorophyll anabolism under low light stress

Originating in the subtropics, cucumbers require warm weather and plenty of light, low light inhibits the growth of cucumbers. For cucumbers to efficiently absorb light energy in low light, chlorophyll synthesis is necessary. Oxygenase for chlorophyllate is encoded by CsCAO. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to reduce CsCAO expression in cucumber, reduced chlorophyll b content and Fv/Fm (maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II) were found in RNAi-CsCAO lines. The Arabidopsis Atcao mutant lacks chlorophyll b and has a low Fv/Fm, but overexpressing CsCAO restored the mutant's phenotype. CsCAO gene expression was found to be upregulated in the presence of low light. The Y1H screening assay revealed that CsHsfA6b and CsBLH4 were potential CsCAO expression regulators. The results of the Y1H, LUC/REN, and EMSA assays confirmed that only CsBLH4 can bind to the CsCAO promoter. Furthermore, like Atcao, the Atblh4 mutant had low chlorophyll b content and Fv/Fm. CsCAO overexpression in the Atblh4 mutant increased the content of chlorophyll b and Fv/Fm, especially under low light conditions. CsBLH4 targeting CsCAO was found to positively regulate chlorophyll b synthesis and photosynthetic capacity in cucumber under low light conditions in our study.

Role of root plasma membrane H+-ATPase in enhancing Cucumis sativus adaptation to microcystins.

Microcystins (MCs) are the most widespread and hazardous cyanotoxins posing a huge threat to agro-ecosystem by irrigation. Some adaptive metabolisms can be initiated at the cellular and molecular levels of plant to survive environmental change. To find ways to improve plant tolerance to MCs after recognizing adaptive mechanism in plant, we studied effects of MCs on root morphology, mineral element contents, root activity, H+-ATPase activity, and its gene expression level in cucumber during exposure and recovery (without MCs) periods. After being exposed to MCs (1, 10, 100 and 1000μg L-1) for 7days, we found 1μg L-1 MCs did not affect growth and mineral elements in cucumber. MCs at 10μg ·L-1 increased root activity and H+-ATPase activity partly from upregulation of genes (CsHA2, CsHA3, CsHA8, and CsHA9) expression, to promote nutrient uptake. Then, the increase in NO3-, Fe, Zn, and Mn contents could contribute to maintaining root growth and morphology. Higher concentration MCs (100 or 1000µg L-1) inhibited root activity and H+-ATPase activity by downregulating expression of genes (CsHA2, CsHA3, CsHA4, CsHA8, CsHA9, and CsHA10), decreased contents of nutrient elements except Ca largely, and caused root growing worse. After a recovery, the absorption activity and H+-ATPase activity in cucumber treated with10 μg L-1 MCs were closed to the control whereas all parameters in cucumber treated 1000μg L-1 MCs were even worse. All results indicate that the increase in H+-ATPase activity can enhance cucumber tolerance to MC stress by regulating nutrient uptake, especially when the MCs occur at low concentrations.

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN PROTEIN DAN LEMAK PADA TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra) YANG DIPEROLEH DARI PERAIRAN DESA SULI DAN APLIKASINYA KEPADA MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENYULUHAN

Background: One kind of animals with spines are sea cucumbers. Sandy waters, rocky or muddy beaches, and coral reefs are common habitats for these species. Clear, clean waters with a fine sandy bottom, away from pounding waves, are ideal for the growth of sand sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers are found in great number across Maluku. One such location is the waters surrounding Suli village, where sand sea cucumbers, or Holoturia scabra, are particularly common. Methods: Descriptive approaches are used in this study. The laboratory study findings served as the basis for the data sources. Results: In samples of sand sea cucumbers (Holothuria scabra), the protein yield was greater than the fat content. Conclusion: The protein content is 15.3544 and the fat content is 0.1816. This protein level figure is still below the maximum protein threshold of 72.93%.

Impact of Different Irrigation and Fertigation Practices on the Growth and Productivity of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Protected Environment

The study assessed the impact of various drip irrigation and fertigation strategies on cucumber growth under protected cultivation. Over two seasons, surface drip (I1) was compared with subsurface drip irrigation (I2) under five fertigation treatments (F1-F5). Results revealed that I2 significantly improved growth parameters and yield over I1, including 5.5% reduction in days to 50 per cent flowering and 4.3% decrease in days to first picking. Fruit count and plant height increased by 14.1% and 7.8%, respectively, with a 14.9% rise in yield. Among fertigation treatments, F3 (compost tea with 75% NPK) outperformed the recommended practice F5 (100% NPK), showing a 7.8% faster approach to 50% flowering and reduced the number of days to first picking by 7.7%. F3 led to a 1.2% higher fruit count and a 6.2 and 14.7% increase in plant height and yield, respectively. The findings underscore the effectiveness of subsurface drip irrigation and integrated fertigation, particularly the F3, in enhancing cucumber production under protected conditions. The research highlights the potential of these practices in improving crop productivity and sustainability, especially in water-scarce areas.

Combined application of myo-inositol and corn steep liquor enhances seedling growth and cold tolerance in cucumber and tomato.

Low temperatures pose a common challenge in the production of cucumbers and tomatoes, hindering plant growth and, in severe cases, leading to plant death. In our investigation, we observed a substantial improvement in the growth of cucumber and tomato seedlings through the application of corn steep liquor (CSL), myo-inositol (MI), and their combinations. When subjected to low-temperature stress, these treatments resulted in heightened levels of photosynthetic pigments, thereby fostering enhanced photosynthesis in both tomato and cucumber plants. Furthermore, it contributed to a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and electrolyte leakage (REP). The effectiveness of the treatment was further validated through the analysis of key gene expressions (CBF1, COR, MIOX4, and MIPS1) in cucumber. Particularly, noteworthy positive outcomes were noted in the treatment involving 0.6 mL L-1 CSL combined with 72 mg L-1 MI. This study provides valuable technical insights into leveraging the synergistic effects of inositol and maize leachate to promote early crop growth and bolster resistance to low temperatures.

Genome-Wide Identification and Abiotic Stress Expression Analysis of CKX and IPT Family Genes in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Cytokinins (CKs) are among the hormones that regulate plants’ growth and development, and the CKX and IPT genes, which are CK degradation and biosynthesis genes, respectively, play important roles in fine-tuning plants’ cytokinin levels. However, the current research on the function of IPT and CKX in cucumber’s growth, development, and response to abiotic stress is not specific enough, and their regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we focused on the IPT and CKX genes in cucumber, analyzed the physiological and biochemical properties of their encoded proteins, and explored their expression patterns in different tissue parts and under low light, salt stress, and drought stress. Eight CsCKX and eight CsIPT genes were identified from the cucumber genome. We constructed a phylogenetic tree from the amino acid sequences and performed prediction analyses of the cis-acting elements of the CsCKX and CsIPT promoters to determine whether CsCKXs and CsIPTs are responsive to light, abiotic stress, and different hormones. We also performed expression analysis of these genes in different tissues, and we found that CsCKXs and CsIPTs were highly expressed in roots and male flowers. Thus, they are involved in the whole growth and development process of the plant. This paper provides a reference for further research on the biological functions of CsIPT and CsCKX in regulating the growth and development of cucumber and its response to abiotic stress.

Effect of New Low-cost Polyglutamic Acid fertilizer on Cucumber Growth

Polyglutamic acid produced from the mother liquor of glutamic acid crystals was used as a test fertiliser to study its application in cucumber cultivation. The results showed that the application of polyglutamic acid fertiliser could increase cucumber plant height, plant pitch, number of leaves, root dry matter weight, promote cucumber growth, increase cucumber single melon weight and total yield, and at the same time, it could increase the content of Vc and soluble sugar in cucumber fruits and improve the quality of cucumber. Among them, the application of polyglutamic acid fertiliser increased the plant height of cucumber by 6.3%-39.5% during the flowering period, increased the plant height by 1.8%-12.1% during the melon blooming period, increased the root dry matter weight by 92.8%, increased the weight of single melon by 4.01%-37.12%, and increased the total output by 1.31%-12.87%; the application of two polyglutamic acid fertilisers increased the vitamin C of cucumber fruits by 14.36 % and 28.12 %, and the soluble sugar content by 16.91 % and 35.29 %.

Increasing greenhouse cucumber growth and yield with nano calcium and silicon

Trials were carried out in plastic greenhouses at a private farm in the Qaha region, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt (30.288 N; 31.198 E), during two consecutive spring seasons (2020 and 2021). The objective was to investigate the impact of nano compounds, spray specifically nano calcium and nano silicon, on the growth characteristics, yield, and quality of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) under protected cultivation conditions. The study used two foliar sprays of Lithovit® (nano calcium carbonate 80.2 %) at 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/L and nano silicon (SiO2 25 %) at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mL/L. Nano elements (calcium or silicon) were applied to cucumber seedlings in the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth weeks after transplantation. All monitored attributes increased with both nano-element treatments. Plants receiving nano calcium had higher plant height, fresh and dry weights, and branch counts than those receiving nano silicon. However, growth was best with 1.0 g/L nano calcium. Compared to control, nano elements boosted cucumber plant N, P, K, Ca, and Si. In both nano calcium and nano silicon treatments, fruit length, diameter, average weight, and total weight rose. Yield increases may outweigh nano nutrient costs.

IPECM Platform: An open-source software for greenhouse environment regulation using machine learning and optimization algorithm

Protected agriculture has emerged as a key solution to address the pressing issue of food scarcity. To enhance crop yield, environmental regulation techniques have been widely employed in protected production. However, the absence of user-friendly, data-driven tools for developing regulation models remains a challenge. This study aims to propose IPECM, an independent and user-friendly software platform for processing and analyzing crop photosynthetic rate (Pn) data and formulating environmental regulation targets. The platform provides functionalities, such as Pn prediction model development, environmental regulation model development and result visualization, supporting various machine learning algorithms and regulation target obtaining algorithms. The IPECM Platform's application is demonstrated through examples of light intensity regulation for cucumber growth and CO2 concentration regulation for tomato growth. The results showcase the software's ability to handle photosynthetic data of any dimension, with the established Pn prediction model achieving a coefficient of determination of 0.98 and a root mean square error lower than 1 μmol·m−2·s−1. The established regulation models can achieve maximum Pn or optimal energy utilization efficiency according to user requirements. IPECM Platform is an independent, automated, and open-source software for protected environmental regulation modeling, providing both the modeling process and results visualization. It offers valuable services for protected agriculture research, eliminating the need for programming knowledge.

Effect of different media on growth of cucumber under green-house conditions

Effect of different media on growth of cucumber under green-house conditions

Growth and yield effects of cucumber in a soilless greenhouse using cocopeat and rice husk as growing media

Growth and yield effects of cucumber in a soilless greenhouse using cocopeat and rice husk as growing media

A quick and effective method for thermostability differentiation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

High temperature affects the growth and production of cucumber. Selecting thermotolerant cucumber cultivars is conducive to coping with high temperatures and improving production. Thus, a quick and effective method for screening thermotolerant cucumber cultivars is needed. In this study, four cucumber cultivars were used to identify heat resistance indexes. The morphological, physiological and biochemical indexes were measured. When exposed to high temperatures, thermotolerant cucumber had a more stable photosystem, membrane, and oxidation-reduction systems. The impact of high temperatures on plants is multifaceted, and the accurate discrimination of heat resistance cannot be achieved solely based on a single or multiple indicators. Therefore, principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to comprehensively evaluate the heat resistance of cucumber plants. The results showed that the heat resistance obtained by PCA was significantly correlated with the heat injury index. In addition, the stepwise regression equation identified two heat-related indices, hydrogen peroxide content (H2 O2 ) and photosynthetic operating efficiency (Fq'/Fm'), and they can quickly distinguish the heat resistance of the other 8 cucumber cultivars. These results will help to accelerate the selection of thermotolerant resources and assist in cucumber breeding.

The effectiveness of the use of Organostim agrochemicals in cucumber cultivation technology

The paper considers the results of studying the effect of agrochemicals Organostim on the growth and production processes of cucumbers. The use of agrochemicals in cucumber cultivation technology by the Organostim contributed to the activation of growth processes, an increase in the leaf surface area and the formation of more cucumber fruits with better quality. The use of Organostim, a drug capable of suppressing oxidative processes, possessing homeostatic and fungistatic properties, made it possible to increase significantly the productivity of cucumber plants (yield increase was 34.9%) and significantly improve the quality of its fruits.

Physiological indices and growth of hydroponic cucumber under saline nutrient solutions and salicylic acid

Physiological indices and growth of hydroponic cucumber under saline nutrient solutions and salicylic acid

Exploring genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in growth and yield characteristics of cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

Exploring genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in growth and yield characteristics of cucumber (Cucumis sativus)