Growth Function Research Articles

Sweat exosomes: A new cutting edge nanomedicine in cancer treatment

AbstractExosomes can be defined as extracellular vesicles, of size ranging from 30 to 150 nm, secreted from almost all kinds of cells and can also be obtained from the body fluids. Exosomes have different components depending on the type of cell from which they originate. Exosomes are capable of transporting various molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, chemical compounds and metabolites. Experiments show that exosomes can perform important functions in cell growth, migration, differentiation, neuronal signalling, immune cell modulation. Exosomes can also be used in cancer therapy, as they can be key players in intercellular communication and signalling. Experiments have also demonstrated that exosomes are chief players in viral persistence and dissemination. The reasons why application of exosomes in targeted therapy is gaining significance are their ability to initiate cellular responses, high tolerance levels in host cells and high efficiency in penetrating other cells. Exosomes can be used both as therapeutic agents and escorts of drugs. Even though numerous studies have been performed in search of better anticancer therapies, most of them have come to a halt due to the failure in achieving a therapy best in all parameters. However, both in vitro and in vivo application of exosomes in diagnosis and therapy of tumours are prospective and has a future.

Expression of Concern: Effects of Lactococcus lactis MG1363 producing fusion proteins of bovine lactoferricin-lactoferrampin on growth, intestinal morphology and immune function in weaned piglet.

Expression of Concern: Effects of Lactococcus lactis MG1363 producing fusion proteins of bovine lactoferricin-lactoferrampin on growth, intestinal morphology and immune function in weaned piglet.

CircRNA ATF6 suppresses bladder cancer cell proliferation and migration via miR-146a-5p/FLNA axis

BackgroundBladder cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy with increasing morbidity and mortality. Circular RNA (circRNA) ATF6 level was downregulated in BCa after GSE92675 CircRNA microarray dataset was analyzed using GEO2R. However, its function and mechanism in BCa remain largely unknown. MethodsGEO2R and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to measure levels of circRNA ATF6, microRNA-146a-5p (miR-146a-5p), and filamin A (FLNA). CircRNA ATF6 stability was assessed by actinomycin D and RNase R assays, while circRNA ATF6 cellular localization was examined by FISH experiments in T24 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, wound-healing, and transwell assays were used to study circRNA ATF6’s function in growth, motility, and invasion. By examining luciferase, starBase, RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments, we anticipated and confirmed miR-146a-5p interactions with circRNA ATF6, as well as miR-146a-5p interactions with FLNA. On tumor-bearing mice, in vivo experiments were conducted. ResultsMiR-146a-5p expression in Bca was elevated, while circRNA ATF6 and FLNA were downregulated. CircRNA ATF6 showed better stability in BCa cells, with its expression primarily in the cytoplasm. Upregulating circRNA ATF6 lowered BCa cell viability, colony numbers, and invasion numbers, but broadened their migratory pattern. MiR-146a-5p was directly sponged up by circRNA ATF6, which also detrimentally affected miR-146a-5p levels in BCa. MiR-146a-5p reduced BCa FLNA expression by targeting FLNA. FLNA silencing abolished circRNA ATF6’s mitigating function in BCa cell proliferation, motility, and invasion. In vivo, overexpression of circRNA ATF6 significantly reduced tumor volume and weight. ConclusionCircRNA ATF6 suppresses BCa cell growth, migration and invasion through the miR-146a-5p/FLNA axis.

Competition between mixo‐ and heterotrophic ciliates under dynamic resource supply

AbstractThe outcome of species competition strongly depends on the traits of the competitors and associated trade‐offs, as well as on environmental variability. Here, we investigate the relevance of consumer trait variation for species coexistence in a ciliate consumer–microalgal prey system under fluctuating regimes of resource supply. We focus on consumer competition and feeding traits, and specifically on the consumer's ability to overcome periods of resource limitation by mixotrophy, that is, the ability of photosynthetic carbon fixation via algal symbionts in addition to phagotrophy. In a 48‐day chemostat experiment, we investigated competitive interactions of different heterotrophic and mixotrophic ciliates of the genera Euplotes and Coleps under different resource regimes, providing prey either continuously or in pulses under constant or fluctuating light, entailing periods of resource depletion in fluctuating environments, but overall providing the same amount of prey and light. Although ultimate competition results remained unaffected, population dynamics of mixotrophic and heterotrophic ciliates were significantly altered by resource supply mode. However, the effects differed among species combinations and changed over time. Whether mixotrophs or heterotrophs dominated in competition strongly depended on the genera of the competing species and thus, species‐specific differences in the minimum resource requirements that are associated with feeding on shared prey, nutrient uptake, light harvesting, and access to additional resources such as bacteria. Potential differences in the curvature of the species' resource‐dependent growth functions may have further mediated the species‐specific responses to the different resource supply modes. Overall, our study demonstrates that genus‐ or species‐specific traits other than that related to nutritional mode may override the relevance of acquired phototrophy by heterotrophs in competitive interactions, and that the potential advantage of photosynthetic carbon fixation of symbiont‐bearing mixotrophs in competition with pure heterotrophs may differ greatly among different mixotrophs, playing out under different environmental conditions and depending on the specific requirements of the species. Complex trophic interactions determine the outcome of competition, which can only be understood by taking on a multidimensional trait perspective.

The effect of constitutive root isoprene emission on root phenotype and physiology under control and salt stress conditions.

Isoprene, a volatile hydrocarbon, is typically emitted from the leaves of many plant species. Given its well-known function in plant growth and defense aboveground, we examined its effects on root physiology. We used isoprene-emitting (IE) lines and a non-emitting (NE) line of Arabidopsis and investigated their performance by analyzing root phenotype, hormone levels, transcriptome, and metabolite profiles under both normal and salt stress conditions. We show that IE lines emitted tiny amounts of isoprene from roots and showed an increased root/shoot ratio compared with NE line. Isoprene emission exerted a noteworthy influence on hormone profiles related to plant growth and stress response, promoting root development and salt-stress resistance. Methyl erythritol 4-phosphate pathway metabolites, precursors of isoprene and hormones, were higher in the roots of IE lines than in the NE line. Transcriptome data indicated that the presence of isoprene increased the expression of key genes involved in hormone metabolism/signaling. Our findings reveal that constitutive root isoprene emission sustains root growth under saline conditions by regulating and/or priming hormone biosynthesis and signaling mechanisms and expression of key genes relevant to salt stress defense.

Raising double-muscled breed cattle and their crossbreds in the tropics: insight from growth models.

In tropical conditions, modeling the predictive parameters of live weight, including those at birth, pre-weaning, post-weaning, finishing, and maturing, and the average daily gain, is challenging. The heat load significantly influences the growth rate and final mature weights in the tropics. The study compared the growth rates of Kedah-Kelantan (KK), Brahman (BRAH), and Belgian Blue (BB) crossbred calves. The study conducted growth analysis using the non-linear regression growth models as it approximates the sex, breed, and growth physiology changes in beef cattle. It is supported by the utility of the most common growth functions (Brody, Logistic, von Bertalanffy, and Richard's model) in normal-muscled tropical breeds and double-muscled crossbred beef cattle in the tropics. The BB crossbreds outperformed the KK and BRAH breeds by 50%-100% in live weight gains under tropical conditions. The crossbreds display the double-muscled effect and highlight the advantages of heterosis, making them suitable for upgrading local herds. The study's findings on the growth characteristics of BB crossbred cattle were best described by the von Bertalanffy growth model, which had a high coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.8) and yielded estimated mature weights of 527.5 kg for males and 518.5 kg for females. According to results, raising BB crossbreds in the tropics as a solution to ensure a sustainable beef supply could yield significant growth and economic benefits.

An implementation of nDGP gravity in Pinocchio

In this paper we investigate dark matter structure formation in the normal branch of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (nDGP) model using the PINOCCHIO algorithm. We first present 2nd order Lagrangian perturbation theory for the nDGP model, which shows that the 1st- and 2nd-order growth functions in nDGP are larger than those in ΛCDM. We then examine the dynamics of ellipsoidal collapse in nDGP, which is accelerated compared to ΛCDM due to enhanced gravitational interactions. Running the nDGP-PINOCCHIO code with a box size of 512 Mpc h -1 and 10243 particles, we analyze the statistical properties of the output halo catalogs, including the halo power spectrum and halo mass function. The calibrated PINOCCHIO halo power spectrum agrees with N-body simulations within 5% in the comoving wavenumber range k<0.3 (h Mpc-1) at redshift z=0. The agreement is extended to smaller scales for higher redshifts. For the cumulative halo mass function, the agreement between N-body and PINOCCHIO is also within the simulation scatter.

Logistic and CSG Growth Models for Predicting Life Expectancy

The tables that allow calculating the probability of death at a certain age by recording the number of births/deaths in a population are called life tables. The concept of life expectancy, which is a measure that determines how long a creature will live, is also determined by mortality rates obtained from life tables. It is also possible to model the expected lifetime with some nonlinear mathematical functions. One of the functions that is often used in modeling mortality rates is the logistic growth function. The aim of this study is to propose a model that can be used as an alternative to the logistic growth model and to interpret the mortality rates of countries. In this study, the life expectancy of males and females in Turkey, Singapore, Norway, and China was modeled using the logistic and the CSG growth model, which was newly introduced to the literature. When modeling the life expectancy of countries, adjusted graph was drawn in accordance with the data of each growth model. Then, the performances of the logistic growth model and the CSG growth model were compared with R^2, RMSE, and MAPE statistical criteria. As a result of the comparison, it was revealed that the CSG growth model is more suitable than the logistic model for estimating life expectancy for overall data and for each gender. The originality of this study is the CSG model which is very new nonlinear model that predicts life expectancy effectively for related datasets.

Radicle Growth Regulation of Root Parasitic Plants by Auxin-related Compounds.

Root parasitic plants in the Orobanchaceae, such as Striga and Orobanche, cause significant damage to crop production. The germination step of these root parasitic plants is induced by host-root-derived strigolactones. After germination, the radicles elongate toward the host and invade the host root. We have previously discovered that a simple amino acid, tryptophan (Trp), as well as its metabolite, the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), can inhibit radicle elongation of Orobanche minor. These results suggest that auxin plays a crucial role in the radicle elongation step in root parasitic plants. In this report, we used various auxin chemical probes to dissect the auxin function in the radicle growth of O. minor and Striga hermonthica. We found that synthetic auxins inhibited radicle elongation. In addition, auxin receptor antagonist, auxinole, rescued the inhibition of radicle growth by exogenous IAA. Moreover, a polar transport inhibitor of auxin, N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, affected radicle bending. We also proved that exogenously applied Trp is converted into IAA in O. minor seeds, and auxinole partly rescued this radicle elongation. Taken together, our data demonstrate a pivotal role for auxin in radicle growth. Thus, manipulation of auxin function in root parasitic plants should offer a useful approach to combat these parasites.

Protective effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-derived nonapeptide in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice

This study aims to explore the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-derived nonapeptide (BAP) on growth and immune function in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed mice. The results showed that BAP alleviated the reduction of the body weight, daily feed intake and spleen and thymus index caused by Cy, and restored jejunal tissue morphology, goblet cell numbers and tight junction proteins. BAP enhanced the expression of immunoglobulins, including immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), jejunal CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, and cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), while it inhibited the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). The oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant enzymes induced by Cy were also reversed by BAP. Moreover, BAP modulated the structure of gut microbiota and promoted the colonization of potential intestinal probiotics. Our findings establish the groundwork for comprehending the function of BAP and its potential utilization as an immunomodulator.

Biomass Allocation and Allometric Relationship of Salix gordejevii Branches in Sandy Habitats Heterogeneity in Northern China

The patterns of biomass allocation are crucial for understanding the growth, reproduction, and community functions of plant individuals. We investigated the allometric growth characteristics and biomass allocation patterns of Salix gordejevii fascicular branches in various habitats of the Hunshandake Sandy Land to delve into their adaptability to environmental changes and role in the carbon cycle. We discovered the following: (1) The base diameter-to-branch length of S. gordejevii fascicular branches exhibited allometric growth relationships in mobile dunes and interdune lowlands, whereas it showed isometric growth relationships in semifixed and fixed dunes. As the soil moisture gradient increased, the length growth rate of S. gordejevii fascicular branches became faster than the base diameter growth rate in mobile dunes, demonstrated isometric growth in semifixed and fixed dunes, and was slow in interdune lowlands. (2) The biomasses of S. gordejevii fascicular branches significantly varied across different habitats, with the biomass of each component showing an increasing trend as habitat conditions improved. This study revealed the resource utilization strategies and adaptability of S. gordejevii fascicular branches in different habitats, providing new insights into the carbon sink function of desert ecosystems in semiarid regions.

A hierarchical model of persistent and transient growth variation applied to Lake Superior lake trout

Variability in individual fish growth both within and among populations can interact with mortality to affect variation in size-at-age and other critical features of populations. Herein, we developed and applied mixed-effects, hierarchical growth models to back-calculated length-at-age data from six lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations in Lake Superior to quantify how growth variation was attributable to persistent sources within and among populations and transient (short-term and not consistent over time for an individual) sources. Persistent variation in growth among individuals explained more variability in length-at-age than transient variation, and most of this variation was within populations rather than among populations. Simulations showed that the modeling approach could robustly estimate most growth function parameters, even with mismatches between true and assumed among-population covariation, although a higher number of populations enabled better estimation of certain population-level parameters. An implicit assumption to our interpretation was that lake trout populations in Lake Superior had not experienced substantial size-selective mortality, so their length-at-age patterns largely reflected growth variation rather than size-selective mortality. This assumption should be tested when interpreting future applications of this growth modeling approach.

Insertion trauma and functional recovery after cochlear implantation

The cochlear implant is considered one of the most successful medical devices. The efficiency and cost-effectiveness of implants making a difference in the life of a person with hearing loss is well recognized. There are approximately 750,000 implant patients worldwide. While implant technology is advancing and clinical indications continue to expand, the focus is increasingly shifting towards improving outcomes and enhancing the quality of patient care. Of particular relevance today is the preservation of delicate intracochlear structures during implant surgery, which provides the best prerequisite for successful hearing rehabilitation. In this regard, the article is devoted to the consideration of peculiarities and methods of detection of tissue traumatization during cochlear implantation, as well as the possibilities of functional recovery after implantation. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic literature search, which was conducted using PubMed Medline, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, and grouping, investigation of the results of radiological and histological studies. The analysis describes the possibilities and potential of using contrast-enhanced micro-CT with simultaneous application of a special polyoxometalate staining agent to analyze cochlear implant injuries. Special attention is paid to the prospects of using a robotic surgical instrument that assists the surgeon in the insertion of the electrode array. The advantage of using the growth function of the amplitude of the evoked compound action potential to assess functional responses to electrical stimulation of the cochlea is also noted. Further studies of the geometry of intracochlear structures and compartments will allow developing new and improved electrode designs and introducing atraumatic surgical techniques for cochlear implant insertion.

Generalized Lower Order and Generalized Lower Type of Entire Monogenic Functions of Slow Growth

Generalized Lower Order and Generalized Lower Type of Entire Monogenic Functions of Slow Growth

Long duration sodium hyaluronate hydrogel with dual functions of both growth prompting and acid-triggered antibacterial activity for bacteria-infected wound healing

Conventional wound dressings are monolithically designed to cover the injured areas as well as absorb the exudates at injured site. Furthermore, antibacterial drugs and growth prompting factors are additionally appended to realize sensible and omnibearing wound management, exhibiting long and tedious treatment process in practice. Consequently, the creation of multifunctional wound dressings that combines wound repair enhancement with antibacterial properties turns out to be significant for simplifying wound managements. In our investigation, electronegative human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) was combined with the positively charged Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (Zn-Al LDHs) via electrostatic interaction while the obtained hEGF/LDH was integrated with sodium hyaluronate hydrogel (SH) hydrogel, forming a composite hydrogel with synergistic benefits for wound management. The innovative hEGF/LDH@SH hydrogel equipped with fine biocompatibility was designed to optimize wound healing in which hEGF stimulates epithelial cell growth while LDH released antibacterial factor Zn2+ against Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) under acidic wound environment. Additionally, the SH hydrogel constructed a three-dimensional structure that not only safeguarded the wound area but also maintained a moist environment conducive to recovery. The synthesized hEGF/LDH was confirmed via fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermo-gravimetry (TG) measurements. The release of Zn2+ from Zn-Al LDH under acid circumstance was detected via inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and the in vitro bactericidal experiments endowed the antibacterial property of hEGF/LDH@SH hydrogel. In vitro drug release experiments illustrated the controlled-release of hEGF from hEGF/LDH which promoted the long-term affect of hEGF at wound site. In vitro cell experiments verified that the hEGF/LDH@SH hydrogel motivated the promotion on cell proliferation and migration without cytotoxicity. An in vivo study of the repairing of MRSA-infected wound in mice indicated that hEGF/LDH@SH hydrogel serves as a simple and novel, innoxious and efficient wound healing approach. This brand new hydrogel possesses properties of promoting the regeneration of skin tissue, achieving antimicrobial therapy without any accessional antibacterial drugs as well as realizing controlled release of hEGF.

Life-history parameters of adult females of Merluccius capensis (Gadidae) off the south coast of South Africa.

This study explores the life-history parameters of female Merluccius capensis off South Africa (N = 1819) during 2014-2016, including gonadosomatic index (GSI), length-at-maturity, length-weight relationships, and condition indices (relative condition [k] and Fulton's condition factor [K]). We detected weak indications of two peaks of spawning within the year, the first in austral autumn from March to May, whereas the other in austral spring around August. GSI was slightly higher in spring and autumn, though still low at all maturity stages (≤7%), though the opposite was true for the actively spawning stage (≥7%) as well as access to less such data during winter- and summertime. The length (L) at 50% maturity was around 38 cm (L50), though differences occurred between the two applied staging methods, histology and visual (macroscopic) classification, when L approached infinity. The latter method presented underestimated length at maturity values at the 75 and 95 percentiles (48 and 60 cm) compared to the corresponding percentiles given by histology (50 and 65 cm). There were trivial across-method differences in L50. However, we found a clear reduction in L50 in view of published information in prior years when this estimate was 48 (1985), 42 (2008), 53 (2011), and 24.8 (2015) cm. Overall, L explained 90% of the variation in whole body weight (W). As the bootstrapped, grand mean growth coefficient was b = 2.98, indicating a slight allometric growth function, there were no significant variations between years, though an isometric growth existed for 2016 with b = 3.0, whereas for 2014 and 2015 this b was 2.98 and 2.93, respectively. In terms of demography, females <60 cm generally showed isometric growth (b = 3) as opposed to allometric growth (b = 2.95) at >60 cm. The relative condition index (k = 1) exhibited higher values than Fulton's K, which was 0.80. Overall, the maternal stock of M. capensis along the south coast seems to be in good condition and likely spawns throughout the year, but we found that the macroscopic data tend to give biased maturity ogives.

Melatonin: The Multifaceted Molecule in Plant Growth and Defense.

Melatonin (MEL), a hormone primarily known for its role in regulating sleep and circadian rhythms in animals, has emerged as a multifaceted molecule in plants. Recent research has shed light on its diverse functions in plant growth and defense mechanisms. This review explores the intricate roles of MEL in plant growth and defense responses. MEL is involved in plant growth owing to its influence on hormone regulation. MEL promotes root elongation and lateral root formation and enhances photosynthesis, thereby promoting overall plant growth and productivity. Additionally, MEL is implicated in regulating the circadian rhythm of plants, affecting key physiological processes that influence plant growth patterns. MEL also exhibits antioxidant properties and scavenges reactive oxygen species, thereby mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, it activates defense pathways against various biotic stressors. MEL also enhances the production of secondary metabolites that contribute to plant resistance against environmental changes. MEL's ability to modulate plant response to abiotic stresses has also been extensively studied. It regulates stomatal closure, conserves water, and enhances stress tolerance by activating stress-responsive genes and modulating signaling pathways. Moreover, MEL and nitric oxide cooperate in stress responses, antioxidant defense, and plant growth. Understanding the mechanisms underlying MEL's actions in plants will provide new insights into the development of innovative strategies for enhancing crop productivity, improving stress tolerance, and combating plant diseases. Further research in this area will deepen our knowledge of MEL's intricate functions and its potential applications in sustainable agriculture.

Comparative microbiome diversity in root-nodules of three Desmodium species used in push-pull cropping system.

Desmodium species used as intercrops in push-pull cropping systems are known to repel insect-pests, suppress Striga species weeds, and shift soil microbiome. However, the mechanisms through which Desmodium species impact the soil microbiome, either through its root exudates, changes in soil nutrition, or shading microbes from its nodules into the rhizosphere, are less understood. Here, we investigated the diversity of root-nodule microbial communities of three Desmodium species- Desmodium uncinatum (SLD), Desmodium intortum (GLD), and Desmodium incanum (AID) which are currently used in smallholder maize push-pull technology (PPT). Desmodium species root-nodule samples were collected from selected smallholder farms in western Kenya, and genomic DNA was extracted from the root-nodules. The amplicons underwent paired-end Illumina sequencing to assess bacterial and fungal populations. We found no significant differences in composition and relative abundance of bacterial and fungal species within the root-nodules of the three Desmodium species. While a more pronounced shift was observed for fungal community compositions compared to bacteria, no significant differences were observed in the general diversity (evenness and richness) of fungal and bacterial populations among the three Desmodium species. Similarly, beta diversity was not significantly different among the three Desmodium species. The root-nodule microbiome of the three Desmodium species was dominated by Bradyrhizobium and Fusarium species. Nevertheless, there were significant differences in the proportion of marker gene sequences responsible for energy and amino acid biosynthesis among the three Desmodium species, with higher sequence proportions observed in SLD. There is no significant difference in the microbial community of the three Desmodium species used in PPT. However, root-nodule microbiome of SLD had significantly higher marker gene sequences responsible for energy and amino acid biosynthesis. Therefore, it is likely that the root-nodules of the three Desmodium species host similar microbiomes and influence soil health, consequently impacting plant growth and agroecosystem functioning.

Unjust by default: The political economy of Indonesia's local government policy on infrastructure development

The Indonesian government's attention to economic infrastructure development has increased over the last two decades. However, there has been a trend of rampant rent-seeking in infrastructure projects by elites in both local and central governments. Nonetheless, why and how rent-seeking practices in infrastructure projects have been so endemic in Indonesian local government remains poorly understood. This article addresses this by investigating how infrastructure development in local government serves dual functions of economic growth and political commodity by utilising qualitative data obtained from interviews in Central Kalimantan (2016) and East Nusa Tenggara (2020) provinces. This data confirms the existence of infrastructure's dual function, in which official regional development planning documents and accompanying regulations are more likely to function as a legal umbrella for legalising rent-seeking practices. The term ‘unjust by default‘ identifies the practice of rent-seeking by formalising political-economic interests into regional development planning documents and manipulating regulations in order to implement infrastructure development programmes.

Fueling a greener tomorrow: The impact of energy diversification on green growth

AbstractMotivated by the necessity of attaining carbon neutrality and striking a balance between clean and conventional energy sources, the emphasis is on how urgent it is to combat climate change and make the switch to sustainable energy systems. In this context, the current study aims to examine the effects of energy diversification on green growth, considering such complementary factors as green technology, human capital, remittance inflows, foreign direct investment inflows, trade openness, and gross fixed capital formation. An empirical analysis is conducted by framing a green growth function in the panel data framework which is analyzed using the dynamic standard correlated model for the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) for the period between 1995 and 2020. The results show that (i) energy diversification exerts a dampening effect on the trajectory of green growth, (ii) the process of green growth was affected due to green technology and foreign direct investment inflows, (iii) underscores the pivotal role of human capital and gross fixed capital formation in bolstering the green growth trajectory, (iv) despite their potential relevance, remittance inflows and trade openness exhibit negligible impact within the framework of the green growth function, thus underscoring their limited contribution to the overarching sustainable development. The practical policy recommendations and invaluable insights provided by these empirical findings are instrumental in fostering green growth among the BRICS countries. Moreover, it contributes to the discourse on sustainable development by providing a solid foothold for informing the development of relevant policies in similar situations around the world.