Groups Of Infected Animals Research Articles

Experimental sporotrichosis in Syrian hamsters

Syrian hamsters were infected with Sporothrix schenckii by subcutaneous footpad inoculation. Two types of infection could be uniformly induced: a self-limited, lymphatic infection resembling the classical disease in humans, and a generalized nonfatal infection. An infecting dose of approximately 5,300 yeast cells produced the localized subcutaneous-lymphatic disease which was limited to a single limb. In contrast, a 1,000-fold increase in the inoculum temporarily overwhelmed the animals' defense mechanisms, producing a systemic infection involving the liver and spleen. These models were used to demonstrate the development of increased resistance to subsequent infection following either infection or active immunization with ribosomal fractions or trypsinized cell wall antigens of S. schenckii incorporated in Freund complete adjuvant. Agglutination titers were detectable in all animals that were either infected or immunized. In one group of infected animals, the titers persisted for at least 1 year after three booster doses of Formalin-killed S. schenckii. The ability to produce an infection in hamsters which closely resembles the disease seen in humans makes the animal a good model with which to study experimental sporotrichosis.

Schistosomicidal Activity of Lucanthone Hydrochloride, Hycanthone and Their Metabolites in Mice and Hamsters

The schistosomicidal activities of hycanthone, the hydroxymethyl analog and the most active metabolite of lucanthone, and several human liver microsomal conversion metabolites of both compounds were tested against experimentally induced S. mansoni infection in mice and hamsters. The compounds were administered intragastrically (twice daily for 5 days) to groups of infected animals. Lucanthone, hycanthone, and two of the salts of hycanthone were also administered parenterally (single dose medica- tion). Hycanthone was the most active metabolite of lucanthone. On an equal weight basis the schis- tosomicidal activity of intragastrically administered hycanthone was 9 times greater in hamsters and 3 times greater in mice than that of lucanthone. Desethyl analogs and the sulfoxides of both compounds were less active than either parent compound. When administered parenterally lucanthone was inac- tive whereas hycanthone was highly schistosomicidal. The activity of a single dose of hycanthone ad- ministered parenterally was equal to that obtained by a 5-day regimen administered intragastrically, and the activity was maximal when given intravenously. It is generally conceded that the schisto- somicidal activity of thioxanthones depends upon the presence of the methyl group at the 4-position para to an amino side chain at the 1-position of Ring C. Alterations of the basic side chain cause changes in activity but re- placement of the 4-methyl group results in complete loss of activity (Mauss, Koelling, and

Serum glycoprotein studies in experimental trichinosis

The effects of infection and reinoculation of adult female Wistar rats with Trichinella spiralis and of two different regimens of treatment with cortisone, upon the serum glycoproteins and proteins have been investigated. The extent of disease as indicated by larval counts was greatest in the groups subjected to cortisone treatment and reinoculation. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit values occurred in all but one group of infected animals. Significantly increased serum glycoprotein concentrations were found in all animals but those treated with cortisone for 60 days and reflected primarily the increases in the polysaccharide moiety of the globulin fraction. Subnormal seromucoid values were found in all infected groups. The greatest alterations in serum glycoprotein and protein patterns occurred in the groups treated with cortisone and reinoculated. The results are discussed with reference to possible causes of the observed changes.

Fever therapy from pyrifer in bronchial asthma: Hardeck, O.: Schweiz. med. Wchnschr. 68: 1099, 1938

The effects of infection and reinoculation of adult female Wistar rats with Trichinella spiralis and of two different regimens of treatment with cortisone, upon the serum glycoproteins and proteins have been investigated. The extent of disease as indicated by larval counts was greatest in the groups subjected to cortisone treatment and reinoculation. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit values occurred in all but one group of infected animals. Significantly increased serum glycoprotein concentrations were found in all animals but those treated with cortisone for 60 days and reflected primarily the increases in the polysaccharide moiety of the globulin fraction. Subnormal seromucoid values were found in all infected groups. The greatest alterations in serum glycoprotein and protein patterns occurred in the groups treated with cortisone and reinoculated. The results are discussed with reference to possible causes of the observed changes.

Critical retrospect of observations of the past year on pathogenesis of asthma: Kämmerer, H., and Weisshaar, M.: Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med. 183: 9, 1938

The effects of infection and reinoculation of adult female Wistar rats with Trichinella spiralis and of two different regimens of treatment with cortisone, upon the serum glycoproteins and proteins have been investigated. The extent of disease as indicated by larval counts was greatest in the groups subjected to cortisone treatment and reinoculation. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit values occurred in all but one group of infected animals. Significantly increased serum glycoprotein concentrations were found in all animals but those treated with cortisone for 60 days and reflected primarily the increases in the polysaccharide moiety of the globulin fraction. Subnormal seromucoid values were found in all infected groups. The greatest alterations in serum glycoprotein and protein patterns occurred in the groups treated with cortisone and reinoculated. The results are discussed with reference to possible causes of the observed changes.