Business Groups Research Articles

PEMBUATAN RENGGINANG oleh KKM 51 UNIVERSITAS BINA BANGSA di DESA KURUNG KAMBING.

Student Work Lecture (KKM) 51 activities carried out in Kurung Kambing Village aim to improve community welfare through developing the rengginang making business. Rengginang, as a traditional food made from sticky rice, has high economic potential if managed well. This activity involves training the local community regarding effective rengginang production techniques, starting from selecting raw materials, manufacturing processes, to attractive packaging. Apart from that, this program also teaches product marketing strategies, both traditional and through digital media, to expand market reach. The results of this activity show an increase in community skills in rengginang production as well as the formation of a new business group that focuses on rengginang production and sales. The rengginang products produced are of good quality, with a variety of flavors and attractive packaging. Overall, this program has had a positive impact on the local economy, creating new business opportunities and increasing the income of the people of Kurung Kambing Village. Recommendations from this activity include continuous coaching and product development so that this rengginang business can develop further and provide long-term benefits for the community.

The state and the development of business organisations in Benin, ca. 1440–1897

Abstract The focus of this paper is on business organisations in Benin and their interplay with the state from the era of Oba Ewuare up to the fall of the Kingdom in 1897. The paper analyses economic nationalism in the kingdom and the roles in the protection and development of identified business groups during the period. Knowledge of business organisations in pre-British Benin and their relationship with the state, which aided their development between ca. 1440 and 1897 is a vacuum in the study of African business organisations and will be useful in understanding economic nationalism from an African perspective. The study adopts the historical method and requires a multidisciplinary approach for interpretation and reliability. As such, both primary and secondary sources were utilised, and the findings confirm that several business organisations in manufacturing, trading and in large scale crop farming existed. The work provides insights into the entrepreneurs, composition and operations of these businesses. The findings also reveal how trading and industrial activities were controlled and what implications this had for the development of these businesses and the state. The work shows in addition how these businesses benefited from the security and licences granted by the state as well as how the state used these businesses to mount up economic power and political stability.

Pengaruh Minimasi Pajak, Mekanisme Bonus dan Exchange Rate terhadap Transfer Pricing dengan Komite Audit sebagai Variabel Moderasi

Transfer pricing is a transaction of goods and services between several divisions in a business group at unreasonable prices, either by increasing or decreasing prices, mostly carried out by multinational companies that carry out cross-border activities. The aim, first, is to manipulate the amount of profit so that tax payments and dividend distributions are low. Second, inflating profits to polish financial reports. The country lost trillions of rupiah due to the transfer pricing practices of foreign companies in Indonesia. This research aims to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of Tax Minimization, Bonus Mechanisms, and Exchange Rates on Transfer Pricing. This research uses secondary data with a sample of mining companies for 2019-2022 on the IDX for 4 years. The result obtained is that Tax minimization variables have a significant effect on transfer pricing and the audit committee strengthens this effect, while the bonus mechanism and exchange rate have no effect on transfer pricing and the audit committee does not strengthen the effect.

Mud crab (Scylla spp) resources status in Hoat Sorbay Bay, Southeast Maluku Regency

Abstract Ohoi Evu is one of the villages in Southeast Maluku Regency where fishermen utilize mud crab resources. Mud crab fishing areas are concentrated in the waters of Hoat Sorbay Bay. Information on mud crab fisheries in these waters is relatively limited, so the application of sustainable management efforts is still difficult to develop. This study aims to determine the status of mud crab resources through the adoption of a fishery management model with an ecosystem approach and formulate recommendations for improving its management. Data collection was carried out through surveys of fishing operations, interviews, and participatory mapping. This research was conducted for 13 months, starting from January 2021 to January 2022, at Hoat Sorbay Bay. The research focus is on the Wear Manun Joint Business Group (KUB) in Ohoi Evu. The indicators observed included CPUE, mud crab size trends, the proportion of juveniles caught, species composition, range collapse, and endangered, threatened, and protected (ETP) species caught. Descriptive statistical analysis, CPUE, and indicator analysis were carried out using a multi-criteria analysis approach through the assessment of composite indexes and flag model visualization. The results showed that the management status of the mud crab fishermen Ohoi Evu in Hoat Sorbay Bay was in the moderate category (yellow) with a composite value of 2.50. CPUE indicators and species composition were good categories with a score of 3 (green). Trend indicators for fish size, proportion of juveniles, ETP species, and range collapse are in the moderate category with a score of 2 (yellow).

Public opinion towards interest groups: The differential impact of ties to cause and business groups

AbstractInterest groups are often included as key actors in consultation processes, with the aim of making policy more effective, fair and representative. At the same time, their influence is frequently viewed with suspicion. This research note uses survey experiments in Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States (N = 9,357) to explore how the ties citizens hold to different types of interest groups affect their perceived legitimacy of involving them in parliamentary hearings. We find that affective, behavioural and attitudinal ties shape how citizens evaluate the representation of groups, but that there are important differences between ties to different group types: ties to cause groups representing societal interests are more consequential than ties to business interests. These findings underline important heterogeneity in how different interest groups relate to their constituencies and have implications for accountability relationships between citizens and policymakers. The heightened sensitivity of citizens with ties to cause groups regarding their representation underscores the need to actively nurture and involve these groups in policy making.

Pemberdayaan Petani Padi Sawah dalam Meningkatan Efisiensi Usaha Tani dengan Pembuatan dan Aplikasi Herbisida Organik di Desa Botolempangan Kabupaten Maros

Botolempangan Village in Bontoa Sub-district is one of the centers of paddy rice production in Maros Regency, with characteristics of rain-fed paddy fields that have many obstacles to weed infestation, especially if the dry season is abandoned from rice farming activities, before being planted during the rainy season where farmers are very dependent on the use of herbicides. Dependence on the use of synthetic (inorganic) herbicides occurs from the pre-growth period of seeds, seedlings to the maintenance process. High costs result in considerable inefficiencies in rice farming. Training in technology transfer efforts to make Organic Herbicide Formulations, and their applications are carried out to increase the Empowerment and Efficiency of rice farming on Rainfed Rice Fields. With the efficiency target is to increase the profit of paddy rice farming, minimizing inorganic herbicide inputs. The output of this activity ultimately produces products that can be applied to at least reduce or reduce the use of inorganic herbicides. At the end of the activity, farmer business groups are able to produce and apply Organic Herbicide Formulations on Demoplots on Farmer-Owned Land.

Related party transactions and tax avoidance: does government ownership play a role?

Purpose This study aims to examine the association between related-party transactions (RPT) and tax avoidance. The study further investigates whether government ownership improves scrutiny of tax aggressiveness activities among Taiwanese group companies. Design/methodology/approach The authors used 16,061 firm-year observations derived from the Taiwan Economic Journal Database (TEJ) from 2005 to 2021. The authors applied GLS fixed-effect regression. Additional tests, such as a difference-in-difference examination, propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and other tests were performed to obtain more robust results. Findings The results show different consequences between eliminated and non-eliminated RPT toward tax avoidance. RPT enhances tax benefits aligned with the efficient contracting hypothesis. Under varying degrees of government control, this paper empirically reveals that government ownership has a role in mitigating tax avoidance. This implies that government control improves corporate governance by balancing opportunistic and efficiency-based tax avoidance. Practical implications This paper provides substantial practical implications since using the strategy of reducing taxes through RPT will result in greater tax savings at the business group level. Therefore, RPT is beneficial for enhancing business efficiency. Furthermore, government control increases corporate governance quality, which could lead to balancing tax aggressiveness activity. Originality/value Using a unique setting for RPT reporting in Taiwan, this paper divides RPT into eliminated and non-eliminated RPT. The findings offer significant insight for policymakers, investors and managers regarding the utilization of RPT to enhance efficiency in business groups. Additionally, this paper highlights the role of government control in preserving a harmonious balance in tax planning practices.

Dinamika Kelompok Usaha Bersama “Mina Jaya” di Desa Puger Kulon, Kecamatan Puger, Kabupaten Jember

A group can be considered to be developing if it is capable to make improvements in responding to changes that occur within the group itself, such as the phenomenon that occurred in Mina Jaya Joint Business Group (KUB) in Puger Kulon Village, Puger Sub-district, Jember Regency. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of the Mina Jaya KUB group. The study used a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. Research informants were selected using the purposive method. The analysis used the Miles & Huberman analysis model. The results of the study indicate that the dynamics of Mina Jaya KUB are considered dynamic based on the elements of group dynamics. The group’s objectives are to serve as a platform for the learning process, a venue for cooperation, an organization for joint activities, and self-reliance. The group members were able to explain and understand the group’s objectives, making the objectives effective. The group’s structure consists of a chairman, secretary, treasurer, supervisor, members, and advisor. Each role has been carried out according to the group’s task functions, including coordination, providing information, taking initiatives, ensuring member satisfaction, explaining, and disseminating information. The group regularly conducts monitoring and evaluation at each meeting and makes efforts to increase participation by fostering communication and providing rewards. Group members do not have specific intentions for their participation in the group.

Caught in the net: Unravelling policy challenges and smuggling dynamics in Indonesia’s puerulus exploitation

Indonesia’s natural puerulus resources position the country as a potential leader in lobster aquaculture. Over the last decade, frequent policy changes aimed at restricting exports have been enacted to encourage domestic aquaculture production; however, illegal trade has increased. This study explores Indonesia’s puerulus governance, analysing the impact of export bans on illegal trade and resources management from 2015 to 2022. We examined the strategies employed by fishermen and other business groups in puerulus trading and smuggling, and their implications on the state revenue by combining court rulings and semi-structured interviews with fishermen and puerulus dealers. We found that the export ban policy has spurred (1) illegal trade, further straining the struggling fishers, (2) potential loss of government revenue from puerulus export, and (3) the stalled domestic aquaculture industry due to the absence of capacity building and enabling environments for domestic production to complement the export ban. Our results indicate that the weak legal enforcement may be the reason the export ban did not work and local aquaculture development has not progressed as expected. Future puerulus management policy underscores the needs for a balanced approach that combines liberal trade policies with strict law enforcement and monitoring, along with capacity building and institutional support for fishermen and the private sectors to develop local aquaculture and curb illegal trading.

Kreativitas dan Inovasi Pelaku Usaha dari Penciptaan Kreasi Barang Bekas di Kelurahan Kembangan Selatan Jakarta Barat

Waste is one of the problems that is quite difficult to deal with in Indonesia. This happens because of the people's habits as consumers who always produce waste. Therefore, changing used goods into goods that can be reused can help reduce environmental pollution. Waste management is one of the main challenges in achieving environmental sustainability. This community service program aims to develop a used goods creation business based on business and environmental sustainability in Kembangan Selatan Subdistrict. The methods used include outreach, training and assistance to local communities in processing used goods into economically valuable, creative and innovative products. Through this program, it is hoped that the community can improve their skills in processing waste, create new business opportunities and reduce the amount of waste generated. pollute the environment. The results of this activity show increased awareness and community participation in protecting the environment, as well as the formation of several new business groups engaged in recycling. Business sustainability is measured through indicators of increasing income and quality of life for the community. Thus, it is hoped that this program can become a business development model that is not only economically profitable, but also contributes positively to environmental sustainability.

Negotiating North-South relations: The World Bank’s Grain Marketing Project in revolutionary Ethiopia, 1974–1978

This article explores the driving reasons that shaped the World Bank policy toward Africa in the 1970s through the lens of the relationship between the World Bank, western countries, and revolutionary Ethiopia from 1974 to 1978, during the negotiations for the Grain Marketing project (GMP). The trajectory of the GMP reveals that the World Bank’s attitude was shaped by external and internal factors as well. The organization operated under pressure of major Western shareholders and associated business groups demanding compensation for the nationalization of their assets. The continuation of negotiations and the final approval of the GMP, however, were primarily shaped by the demands of the Ethiopian government and the internal confrontation between the advocates of macro-economic orthodoxy and the supporters of a flexible approach to development. According to the latter, the relationship with Addis Ababa was a critical test for the World Bank’s legitimacy in sub-Saharan Africa at a time when demands for a New International Economic Order challenged established patterns of North-South relations.

Can the digital transformation of finance companies within business groups alleviate the financing constraints of enterprises within the same group?

ABSTRACT This paper examines the influence of digital transformation in finance companies within business groups on the financing constraints of enterprises. In this paper, we demonstrate that the digital transformation of finance companies within business groups can markedly alleviate the financing constraints of enterprises within the same group through the ‘information effect’. Specifically, the digital transformation of finance companies can reduce the information asymmetry between the supply and demand sides of funds and thus help to alleviate the financing constraints of enterprises in the business group. Our findings remain robust after conducting various tests, such as replacing the dependent variables, excluding other policy disruptions, and employing a placebo test. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the digital transformation of finance companies has a greater impact on the financing constraints of subsidiaries within business groups that have a higher proportion of shares held by the ultimate controller. The alleviating effect of digital transformation on the financing constraints of enterprises under their control is stronger for finance companies that originally had less prominent roles in lending, entrusted, and guaranteed businesses.

Recent Evidence on the Digitalization Process in Indonesia's Micro and Small Enterprises

The digital transformation process in micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Indonesia is still a black box, and existing findings regarding digitalization in this business group are still very limited and fragmented. Considering the above background and the important contribution that MSEs can make to the economy and employment opportunities, as well as poverty alleviation in Indonesia, this paper aims to examine the current progress in the transition process from analog/conventional technology to digital technology (DT) in Indonesian MSEs based on the latest secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), and primary data collected from online surveys. The finding suggests that although there has been progress in recent years, as demonstrated by the increasing number of MSEs using the internet, Indonesian MSEs still lag in the adoption of digital technology.

Budgets and the timing, intensity, and composition of interest group lobbying in the U.S. states

This paper examines state level lobbying data to determine how budgeting affects the timing, intensity and composition of lobbying expenditures. Using a database of all available lobbying expenditures in the U.S. states ranging up to 25 years, the paper shows interest group lobbying increases substantially during the budgeting process, and the budgeting process is unlike other issues lobbyists face. Spikes in lobbying during budgeting are driven primarily by business groups, and these business groups account for most of the changes on the margin in lobbying activity. Moreover, even groups relatively unaffected by budgets lobby more intensely during legislative budgeting, consistent with the “Christmas tree” effect of appropriations and budget bills.

The Limits of Local Power: Business, Political Conflict, and Coastal Reclamation Projects in Makassar, Indonesia

Since the fall of Indonesia's Suharto regime in 1998, politics in Makassar, the capital of South Sulawesi province, has been characterised by a competitive form of elite domination. Major political families, most with roots in the ruling elite of the Suharto period, have captured power and used it to further their economic interests while engaging in bitter intra-elite feuds. Through studies of three large-scale coastal reclamation projects, the study reveals patterns of interaction between political elites and business groups in the province. Successive mayors and governors have sponsored rival reclamation projects, directing tenders toward favoured business partners and sidelining allies of rivals. Yet these projects also reveal the limits of power of local politicians: while they support favoured local partners, none has been able to sideline large national conglomerates involved in these projects. Instead, big investors are more or less immune to local political change.

National–Local Synergies for Development: How a Local Political Machine Delivered Infrastructure Results in Iloilo City

The upsurge in big-ticket infrastructure projects in Iloilo City for the past two decades owes much to the developmental alliance amongst Senator Franklin Drilon as the national government benefactor, multi-term city mayors, and the local business sector. These government officials’ prolonged tenure in office afforded a stable political leadership that ensured long-term planning around key infrastructure projects and continued access to national government funding. Robust institutional and informal ties between political and economic elites enabled consensus-building on the virtues of market-driven growth for which infrastructure is key. The Drilon political machine orchestrated a diverse but astutely networked group of local businesses by involving them in formal participatory planning processes, thereby facilitating approval of big-ticket items, and by influencing bureaucrats from national government agencies to approve the projects.

Utilization of Digital Marketing Landing Pages for Small Businesses; Studies for Community Service

The reality is that for the rnajority of business owners, product rnarketing carried out by srnall business groups is still done through conventional rnarketing. This is considered less effective and efficient. One of the digital rnarketing rnedia that is widely used by business people is landing pages. To help expand the rnarketing process for products produced by these srnall business groups, activities to introduce landing page creation were carried out which can help expand the rnarketing area. The rnethod used in this cornrnunity service activity is counseling. The benefits obtained include, "can increase knowledge about the use of digital rnarketing, especially landing pages in rnarketing, through digital rnarketing, the rnarketing area becornes wider, so that it can reach consurners outside the region, the hope is that in the future the arnount of incorne will increase." So "digital rnarketing landing pages" need to be developed further by paying attention to changes in consurner behavior both in the purchasing and payrnent processes.

Beyond the Bottom Line: Investigating the Impact of Business Group Affiliation on CSR Activities

Beyond the Bottom Line: Investigating the Impact of Business Group Affiliation on CSR Activities

Entrepreneurship-Based Economic Potential Development in Mekarsari Village, Cibalong District, Garut Regency

Mekarsari Village, Cibalong District, Garut Regency. Mekarsari Village has a variety of local economic potential that can be utilized to improve the standard of living and welfare of the local community. To make this happen, targeted and sustainable strategic steps are needed. In this article, we identify the economic potential that exists in Mekarsari Village, including natural resources, local expertise, superior products, and market opportunities that can be used as a basis for entrepreneurial activities. Additionally, this article outlines concrete steps that can be taken to encourage entrepreneurial growth in the region. Some of the steps proposed include training and entrepreneurship development programs for village residents, intensive assistance and guidance in the initial stages of business establishment, as well as the formation of cooperatives or joint business groups to strengthen their bargaining position and expand market access. Product diversification, innovation, and effective promotion and marketing are also important parts of the entrepreneurship-based economic development strategy in Mekarsari Village. This service also highlights the importance of collaboration with external parties, such as government agencies, research institutions, universities and private companies, as a means of supporting economic development at the local level. In this context, financial management and accountability are also important factors that need to be considered in order to maintain sustainability and sustainable business growth. Through these structured steps and approaches, it is hoped that this article can provide guidance and inspiration for stakeholders to jointly contribute to advancing the local economy in Mekarsari Village, creating new jobs, and improving the quality of life of the community as a whole.

Burial objects” or “Birds of a feather”: The contagion effect of financial violations in business groups——The evidence from China

This study explores the conagion effect of financial violations within Chinese business groups from 2012 to 2021. Findings reveal that violations lead to stock price declines in member companies, with contagion primarily driven by irrational investor sentiment (“burial objects”) over the short term. The financial and governance characteristics of infected companies deteriorate (“birds of a feather”), but do not impact their long-term stock returns. Mitigating investor irrationality in infected companies helps curb contagion. This research contributes to business group governance and risk contagion theories, revealing a unique irrational contagion channel of financial violations within business groups in emerging markets.