Posttest Group Research Articles

Pengaruh Stimulasi Janin dan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini terhadap Bonding Attachment

Fetal stimulation and early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) have great benefits for the baby's development. This study aims to examine the effect of fetal stimulation and IMD on attachment bonding. This research used a quasi-experimental design, posttest only control design. The experimental group consisted of carrying out fetal stimulation by pregnant women and IMD, while the control group consisted of IMD. Post test to measure bonding attachment. Research location at PMB Wiwik Sumarni, Wonogiri, Central Java in November 2022 – April 2023. Purposive sampling technique with 15 per group. Respondents: Pregnant women with gestational age > 24 weeks were normal and were observed until the IMD process. The result of the independent t-test is significant with a p value of 0.002 (<0.05), the experimental group's posttest score have a lower mean value of 21.60 compared to the control group of 32.67, both groups are in the strong attachment bonding category. ANACOVA results of fetal stimulation and IMD have an attachment bonding score 7 points lower than the control group (b = -7; 95% CI; -13 to -1; p < 0.001). Adjusted R2 = 48.1%. In conclusion, there is an influence of fetal stimulation and IMD on bonding attachment.

The role of family in improving the management of diabetes mellitus patients

Introduction: diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term management involving patients and their families. The role of the family in improving the management of diabetes mellitus patients is very important to achieve good blood sugar control and prevent long-term complications. This study aims at the role of family in improving the management of diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: this research is a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental research design with a non-equivalent control group research design with a sample size of 20 respondents Results: shows that in the intervention group, most family roles have a good category where respondents have family roles are as many as 7 people (70%) and respondents who have poor family roles are as many as 3 people (30%). While in the control group, respondents who had poor family roles were as many as 8 people (80%) and respondents who had good family roles were as many as 2 people (20%). In the final measurement (Post-test) in the intervention group and the control group, p = 0, 028 or p < 0.05 means that there are differences in family roles in both groups in the final measurement (Post-test) Conclusions: the role of the family is very important in improving the management of diabetes mellitus patients. Family support and involvement in assisting patients in living a healthy diet, following the right medication regimen, and maintaining an active lifestyle can help achieve good blood sugar control and prevent long-term complications. Factors such as knowledge of diabetes, emotional support, and ability to manage diabetes-related situations also influence the family's role in the management of this condition. Therefore, education to families about diabetes, the psychological and practical support they provide to patients, as well as their involvement in healthy lifestyle changes are important things to note.

Project DINE: Addressing Disparities in Nutrition and Maternal Mortality and Morbidity through Nutrition and Father Engagement

Abstract: This study assessed the outcomes of an intervention (Project DINE) that added nutrition and breastfeeding education to Healthy Start programs in Georgia for a sample of Black expecting parents. Using a community-based participatory approach and a 2 × 2 randomized cluster factorial design, three of six Healthy Start sites were intervention sites. Participants completed the Adult Food and Physical Activity Behavior Questionnaire and a breastfeeding education survey pre- and post-intervention. Paired t-tests determined that there was an improvement in overall self-reported diet quality among the expecting couples (n=61; p = .025). Breastfeeding survey data showed that the percentage of correct answers increased from 78% to 84% (n=89; p=.0009) for all participants. Qualitative data were also collected through open-ended responses on the breastfeeding post-test (n=66) and focus groups with fathers (n=10). This project demonstrates the need for nutrition and breastfeeding education for both expecting parents during pregnancy to improve maternal health.

Effectivity of Walking Epidural Analgesia in Normal Labor to Reduce Labor Pain and Improve Neonatal Outcome

Background: In Indonesia itself, only 15% of 2,700 labor women felt the pain was tolerable, meanwhile 85% said the pain was moderate until unbearable. Usage of epidural anaesthesia for pain relief in labor is common but controversies still persist about its effect and side effect on labor process. Neuraxial block especially epidural also not yet well known in Indonesia.Objective: This research aims to study maternal visual analogue scale (VAS) score changes before and after walking epidural anesthesia (WELA) and fetal outcome after birth. Methods: This research is an experimental design with one pre-test and post-test group. Data was taken from Unggul Karsa Medika Hospital and Permata Hati Clinic medical records from 2017 until 2022. Ethical approval was approved by Unggul Karsa Medika Hospital Ethical Committee (003/KEP-LIT/III/2023). After that all of 450 patients’ data was then analyzed by Wilcoxon with IBM® SPSS Statistic 26th with α=0.05.Result: Statistical analysis shows there was significant decrease of pain severity with initial VAS 7.58 to 3.37 after WELA procedure (p 0.0001). APGAR scores of all the foetus were normal with no asphyxia present.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the benefit of WELA for both of mother and fetus. was significantly decrease in VAS score during labor. Fetal outcome was also notably great after labour process and usage of epidural could decrease the risk of fetal acidemia and distress which reduce caesarean section rate. Usage of WELA in Indonesia could be encourage and recommended as an alternative to elective caesarean section.

Optimalisasi Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi dan Keaktifan Siswa Kelas 11 Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning

Purpose – This study aims to explore the effect of Problem-Based Learning Model (PBL) on the learning outcomes of students in grade XI of SMAN 4 Medan in writing an explanatory text in Indonesian language subject. By focusing on the effectiveness of PBL in improving students' writing skills, this study provides theoretical contributions to the development of learning theories as well as practical benefits for teachers and schools in improving the quality of learning.Method – The study used a quasi-experimental design with an experimental group and a control group. The approach was Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model. The research was conducted at SMAN 4 Medan involving students of grade XI. Data were collected through an explanatory text writing test conducted before (pretest) and after (posttest) the application of PBL. The analysis was conducted by comparing the posttest results between the experimental group using PBL and the control group using conventional learning methods. The results were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of PBL in improving students' writing ability.Findings – The results showed that the Problem-Based Learning Model (PBL) significantly improved students' learning outcomes in writing explanatory texts. Proven by the average value of posttest in the experimental group which is higher than the control group, which proves the effectiveness of PBL in the context of Indonesian language learning in class XI SMAN 4 Medan. Research Implications – The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model enhances students' writing skills in explanatory texts at the senior high school level. This study, limited to one school, does not reflect broader educational variations in Indonesia. It focused solely on PBL's impact on writing skills without a thorough exploration of other influencing factors. Future research should expand the sample size and include diverse contextual elements to more robustly verify these results.

Problem Based Learning’s Effect in Understanding of Idioms Found on Agatha Christine's Novel at SMAN 1 Onanrunggu

The aims of this study are to assess student achievement in reading comprehension through the implementation of the problem-based learning (PBL) method and to determine whether this method has a significant impact on students’ achievements in understanding of idioms founds on Agatha Christine’s novel for 11th grade in SMA N 1 Onanrunggu. The research used experimental-quantitative design with the population is 11th grade students at SMA N 1 Onanrunggu, with has five parallel classes and total the students are 145. Two classes were selected as samples, namely XI MIPA 1 and XII MIPA 2, where XI MIPA 2 became a group of experiments taught using the problem based learning method, while XI Mipa 1 became a control group taught by the conventional method. The data collection used a double-choice test and data analysis used the t-test. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in student values from pre-test to post-test in the experimental group. Statistical analysis shows that t-observed values are greater than t-table values (2.5 > 2,000) at the significance level of 0.05. This indicates that the zero hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypotheses (Ha) are accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of problem-based learning methods has a significant influence on student performance in reading comprehension. This conclusion confirms the positive and significant impact of the use of problem-based learning methods in the context of the reading comprehension of eleventh grade of SMA N 1 Onanrunggu.

In vitro analysis of quercetin-like compounds from mistletoe Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq as a potential antiviral agent for Newcastle disease

Background Recent evidence suggests that some flavonoid compounds obtained from crude methanol extract of mistletoe leaves (Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq), also known as Benalu Duku (BD), have antimicrobial effects. Thus, the plant has the potential to eliminate viruses that may cause outbreaks in chicken farms. This study aimed to prove the in vitro ability of flavonoid compounds, namely quercetin-like compounds (QLCs), to eliminate field viruses, specifically the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Methods This research was performed in two stages. An in vitro test was used with a post-test of the control groups designed at a significance of 0.05. BD leaves (5 kg) were extracted using a maceration method with methanol and then separated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions. The final extracted products were separated using semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain QLCs. The QLCs were identified and compared with quercetin using HPLC, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The activity of QLCs was tested in vitro against the NDV at a virulence titter of 10−5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) in chicken kidney cell culture. Results Solutions of 0.05% (w/v) QLCs were discovered to have antiviral activity against NDVs, with an average cytopathogenic effect antigenicity at a 10−5 dilution (p<0.05). Conclusions QLCs from flavonoids from the leaves of BD have in vitro antiviral bioactivity against NDV at a virulence titter of 10-5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) in chicken kidney cell culture. QLCs may have the potential to be developed as medicinal compounds for the treatment of other human or animal viral infections.

Effect of Centella asiatica ethanol extract on zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio) insomnia model through inhibition of Orexin, ERK, Akt and p38

Background: Insomnia is difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep for at least three nights a week or more and lasting for at least 3 months. One of the molecules that play a role in the circadian rhythm of arousal system is hypocretin/orexin. Orexin activates the p38-MAPK signaling pathway and increases phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels. Centella asiatica (CA) has a role in the signal work of the MAPK/ERK, Akt, and p38 path in many various diseases. Methods: The research method used is true laboratory experimental. The research approach used was randomized control group post-test only. Zebrafish embryos aged 0-7 dpf were used in this study. The treatment group consisted of 5 groups: normal, insomnia, insomnia + 2.5 μg/mL CA, insomnia + 5 μg/mL CA, and insomnia + 10 μg/mL CA. The locomotor motion of zebrafish larvae was observed using Basler cameras on days five-, six- and seven-day post fertilization (dpf), then analyzed by using Western Blot method. Results: The results proved that exposure to CA extract was able to reduce the expression of orexin (91963 ± 9129) and p38 (117425 ± 6398) as an arousal trigger in the sleep-wake cycle, with the most optimal concentration of CA 5 μg/mL. Exposure to CA extract was also able to reduce the expression of ERK (94795 ± 30830) and Akt (60113.5 ± 27833.5) with an optimum concentration of CA 2.5 μg/mL. Conclusion: Exposure to CA extract was able to improve the sleep activity of zebrafish larvae insomnia model by extending the total inactivity time (cumulative duration) and shortening the duration of first sleep (latency to first) in light and dark phases through inhibition of orexin, ERK, p38, and Akt.

Developing English Proficiency Through Literature: A Language-Based Approach

The main purpose of the study was to find out whether the utilization of a language-based approach through the use of adopted text entitled “The Necklace” by Guy de Maupassant, teacher-initiated supplementary materials/modules, and innovative activities in reading, listening, speaking, and writing can facilitate and develop student’s English proficiency. Utilizing a quasi- experimental method, the study revealed that there was a significant difference in the developing English proficiency of students through literature in the pretest and posttest in the experimental group, as well as a significant difference in the posttest English proficiency of students in both groups. The results implied that utilizing literary texts, teacher-initiated module, and innovative activities can have improved the English proficiency of students. Therefore, the act of utilizing literary texts, teacher-initiated module, and facilitating innovative activities for students aside from the school modules in the experiment fared better compared to solely utilizing traditional methods and discussion concerning the students’ English proficiency development and performance. In the light of the findings, the utilization of literary texts, teacher-initiated module, and innovative activities in reading, listening, speaking, and writing was effective in discussing English lessons in regular classes and exhibited favorable results academically. Thus, it was recommended to pursue the method for other English topics aside from the subjects in the research study. Future researchers are encouraged to use the methodology of the language-based approach through literature in developing students’ English proficiency not only for academic purposes, but also for its effects on students' social, psychological, and physical well-being.

The effect of different types of swimming intensity on increasing serum bone specific-alkaline phosphatase levels of obese male mice (Mus Musculus)

Obesity can interfere with the bone remodeling process, training is one solution to protect bone density. However, training and its intensity on bone remodeling through the biomarker Bone Specific-Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP) with obesity is still not widely studied so it is still unclear its effectiveness. The experimental study involved 24 mice (Mus musculus) that were induced with 30% fructose once a day for 60 days. Mice were grouped into 4 groups according to the intensity of training, namely the control group without training (K1), low intensity with a load of 3% body weight (K2), moderate intensity with a load of 5% body weight (K3), while high intensity was carried out with a load of 7% body weight for 70% (K4) of the maximum duration. All training sessions with a frequency of 3 times/week, and then a post-test comparison examination of BALP levels was carried out. The average number of BALP levels (ng/mL) in each group post-test, the control group had a result of 15.77±3.10, for the provision of low-intensity training with a value of 13.92±2.23, while for the moderate intensity training group of 13.11±1.67, for the highest increase was in high-intensity training with a value of 21.10±3.70. Based on the Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test, the post hoc high-intensity training group was significantly different from other groups (p ≤ 0.05). All types of training intensity analyzed in this study increased BALP levels, especially in the high-intensity training group which had a very significant increase in BALP levels. Therefore, training and its intensity affect bone metabolism increase. Keywords: Aerobic Training, BALP, Obesity, Swimming, Training intensity.

Effect of Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) on Motivation of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT Children with cerebral palsy (CP) may experience challenges with motivation to engage in motor activities during rehabilitation sessions, which can impact therapy outcomes. This study investigated the effect of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention on the motivation and achievement of motor-based goals in rehabilitation sessions for children with CP. In this pilot randomized trial, eighteen children aged 8–13 years with CP participated and were randomly assigned to either the CO-OP or bottom-up usual care group. The CO-OP group received 12 performance-based cognitive intervention sessions. The CO-OP intervention significantly enhanced the motivation of children with CP to engage and participate in therapeutic activities, as evidenced by the Pediatric Motivation Scale (PMOT) and its four sub-scales (p < 0.05, based on repeated measures ANOVA). Moreover, the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) T-scores were higher for both posttest and follow-up assessments in the CO-OP group compared to the bottom-up usual care group. Additionally, independent sample t-test results demonstrated a significant difference in the mean scores of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) between the two groups. The Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention successfully enhanced the motivation and facilitated the achievement of motor-based goals from the patient perspective in children with CP. The client-centered approach, focusing on meeting the basic psychological needs of the participants, contributed to improved therapy outcomes in terms of functional abilities, goal attainment, and engagement in daily activities. These findings highlight the potential of the CO-OP intervention as an effective approach for enhancing motivation and improving therapy outcomes in children with CP.

In vitro analysis of quercetin-like compounds from mistletoe Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq as a potential antiviral agent for Newcastle disease

Background Recent evidence suggests that some flavonoid compounds obtained from crude methanol extract of mistletoe leaves (Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq), also known as Benalu Duku (BD), have antimicrobial effects. Thus, the plant has the potential to eliminate viruses that may cause outbreaks in chicken farms. This study aimed to prove the in vitro ability of flavonoid compounds, namely quercetin-like compounds (QLCs), to eliminate field viruses, specifically the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Methods This research was performed in two stages. An in vitro test was used with a post-test of the control groups designed at a significance of 0.05. BD leaves (5 kg) were extracted using a maceration method with methanol and then separated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions. The final extracted products were separated using semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain QLCs. The QLCs were identified and compared with quercetin using HPLC, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The activity of QLCs was tested in vitro against the NDV at a virulence titter of 10−5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) in chicken kidney cell culture. Results Solutions of 0.05% (w/v) QLCs were discovered to have antiviral activity against NDVs, with an average cytopathogenic effect antigenicity at a 10−5 dilution (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions QLCs from flavonoids from the leaves of BD have in vitro antiviral bioactivity against NDV at a virulence titter of 10-5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) in chicken kidney cell culture. QLCs may have the potential to be developed as medicinal compounds for the treatment of other human or animal viral infections.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Video terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di SDN Undaan Kidul 3 Demak

Mathematics is a science that is obtained through thinking and reasoning. However, Very often, elementary school students have difficulty understanding math lessons. Thus, Teachers must use creativity and imagination while using a range of instructional resources and media. Video learning is one example. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the effects of using video-based learning resources on the mathematical learning outcomes of students at SDN Undaan Kidul 3 Demak. Quantitative Pre-Experimental was used with the design of one pre-test and post-test group, and was carried out on grade IV students at SDN Undaan Kidul 3 Demak, with a sample consisting of 15 students, which included 5 female students and 10 male students. The data instruments used include tests (pretest and postest), questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study show that the use of video-based learning media improves students' learning ability, this is characterized by an increase in pretest and posttest to a higher level from the average score of 66 to 76.67. Therefore, Using video-based learning resources is crucial for raising elementary school pupils' mathematics proficiency

The Effect of Providing Brochure Media, Educational Video, and Power point on Knowledge Food Processing Sanitation Hygiene (Studi on Roadside Traders in East Telukjambe District, Karawang)

Introduction: Fulfillment of nutrients to obtain energy to support life and daily activities can be done through food consumption. Food should have a good impact on the body because the nutritional content can be dangerous if it is contaminated with harmful substances, one of which is snack food. To increase understanding of sanitary hygiene in food processing among traders, promotive efforts are therefore made through increasing knowledge in educational activities Objective: This research aims to determine the effect of providing educational media, namely Brochures, Educational Videos, Powerpoint regarding knowledge and practices of food hygiene and sanitation to traders in Teluk Jambe Timur Karawang District. Method: The method used in this paper is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test group design. The total sample of respondents in this study was 45 respondents who were selected by purposive sampling including three groups with educational treatment using brochure media, educational video media, and Powerpoint media. Statistical test data analysis was carried out with the Wilcoxon. Result: The results of the Wilcoxon test showed differences in knowledge regarding food processing hygiene and sanitation before and after education using brochure media (p-value = 0.001), video media (p-value = 0.004) and Powerpoint media (p-value = 0.001). Conclusion: The three media education, video media gave higher results compared to the other two media on the effect of increasing knowledge about food processing hygiene and sanitation.

The effect of 6 weeks functional myofascial line exercises on sprint and agility in 12-14 aged tennis athletes

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of functional myofascial line exercises applied for 6 weeks on sprint and agility in 12-14 years old tennis players. The sample consisted of 13 girls and 13 boys aged 12-14 years who were tennis athletes in Antalya. In addition to tennis training in the experimental group an exercise programme consisting of four exercises for 6 weeks, 2 days in a week was conducted. The control group continued only tennis training. As a result of the research, the girls experimental group's 20 m sprint pre-test and post-test statistically significant difference (p = .02) with a large effect size (r = .63); v-cut agility pre-test and post-test with a large effect size (r = .57) a statistically significant difference (p = .04) was found. In addition, a statistically significant difference (p = .01) was found between the 20 m. sprint pre-test and post-test of the boys experimental group with a large effect size (r = .63); a statistically significant difference (p = .01) was found between the v-cut agility pre-test and post-test with a large effect size (r = .63). In the control group, 20 m. sprint in both boys and girls groups there was no statistically significant difference between pre-test and post-test and v-cut agility pre-test and post-test.

PENGARUH KONSUMSI REBUSAN DAUN SALAM SEBAGAI ANTIINFLAMASI TERHADAP NYERI SENDI OSTEOARTHRITIS

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder that affects all parts of the joint, especially cartilage, can have an impact on articular structural damage and loss of synovial joint function as well as causing chronic pain and requires treatment that has minimal side effects and cheap, so research on bay leaves has been carried out as an alternative solution. The research aims to determine the impact of consuming boiled bay leaves as an anti-inflammatory in reducing osteoarthritis pain. Quasi-experimental research design, use pretest posttest group design approach. Pain measurement uses the NRS scale. Samples were taken with a total sampling of 38 osteoarthritis sufferers in Wates Village. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon sign rank test with an interpretation error rate of α = 0.05. The result was that almost half of the respondents, 17 people (44.7%) experienced a decrease in the pain scale to mild pain after being given the consumption of bay leaf decoction with a P value = 0.000, meaning that there was an effect of consuming bay leaf decoction on reducing pain in osteoarthritis patients. Bay leaf bioled has effects on reducing pain in osteoarthritis sufferers because bay leaves contain tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and essential oils, while flavonoids play an active role as anti-inflammatory by inhibiting transcription factors such as NF-κB. Inhibition of NFκB is part of the activity of flavonoids in inflammatory responses. This is similar to transcription factor and activation protein-1 (AP-1). Keywords: Anti-Inflammatory; Bay Leaf Boiled; Osteoarthritis; Pain

Enhancing Motivation for Oral Hygiene Implementation among Immobilized Compos Mentis Patients through The Development of a Dental Care Table in Inpatients Settings

Brushing teeth is one way to maintain oral hygiene. Implementation of tooth brushing with oral hygiene protocols in hospitalized patients in addition to avoiding infection can also improve the quality of life of patients during treatment. There are often cases of neglected oral hygiene in hospitalized patients. This is due to the limitation of movement (immobilization) in patients to carry out these activities. Often the appearance of discomfort when using supporting infrastructure in the room such as basins. Dental care table (DCT) is an idea in supporting the implementation of oral hygiene while in bed. Interest in the latest innovations is expected to encourage the motivation of immobilized patients with compost mentis to carry out oral hygiene activities that have been carried out at home. This study aims to determine the description of the motivation for implementing oral hygiene for immobilized patients with kompos mentis in the inpatient installation . This type of research with Research and Development (R&amp;D) and pre-experiment research (Pretest and Posttest group design) with purposive sampling technique obtained 32 respondents. The method of measuring product feasibility uses David Garvin's "Eight Dimensions of Quality" test with 32 questions, while measuring motivation using TSRQ (Treatment Self Regulation Quetionnaire) with 12 questions. At the research stage with information gathering to informants and observation. Followed by designing product builds tailored to the needs and study of patient characteristics according to anthropometric data based on ergonomic principles, then proposed to experts. The next stage is through testing and measuring the feasibility score. The completed product improvement stage is tested again until it is declared feasible. Before the trial on the patient, a measurement of motivation to implement oral hygiene on the patient was carried out to obtain a pretest value of motivation. Then the trial use of the product and finally evaluate the value of the oral hygiene implementation motivation score. The feasibility data analysis technique uses Aiken V and ICC, to test the difference in motivation scores using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the Dental care table (DCT) was feasible with a score of 85.16%, with an ICC score of 0.958. Increased motivation to implement oral hygiene for immobilized patients with compost mentis in the inpatient installation from 74.93% to 80.60% with a significance value of 0.046 (p-value &lt;0.005). Immobilized patients with mentis compost have motivation in the strong motivation category, with a motivation score value between 67% - 100%.

Effectiveness of multimedia-based teaching on the learning rate of anesthesia technologist students in the field of central venous pressure monitoring: A comparative study.

Traditional teaching methods alone are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of modern societies. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of central venous pressure teaching through multimedia and lecture method on learning rate of anesthesia technologist students. In this quasi-experimental study, 41 undergraduate students of anesthesia technologist were selected through the census method and randomly divided into two groups: multimedia- and lecture-based teaching. The educational content was the same for both groups and was taught by the same educator. A pre-test was administered to both groups, and a post-test was conducted two weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test with SPSS software version 26. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the mean scores between the two groups (P = 0.648). However, after the intervention, the learning rate significantly improved in both teaching methods (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores obtained from post-test increase in the multimedia-based group were significantly higher than the lecture-based group (P = 0.004). The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of both methods. However, considering the advantages of multimedia-based teaching, such as responding to various learning styles and higher mean scores obtained from post-test of the multimedia-based group compared to the lecture-based group, it is recommended to utilize this teaching method in medical science courses.

The Effect of Stop Motion Video as An Examination Media on The Knowledge and Safe Behavior of PT. X Metal Casting Industry Workers in Klaten

A work accident is one of the risks that can occur in the metal casting industry. Workers' unsafe behavior is the primary cause of occupational accidents. The definition of unsafe behavior is any human behavior that can allow work accidents to occur to oneself or others. The preliminary study results found that 100% of workers had work accidents due to unsafe behavior, and out of 19 workers, 47.3% had insufficient knowledge about unsafe behavior. Counseling using video stop motion is one effort that can be used to overcome. This research aims to investigate the impact of counseling using video stop motion media on enhancing workers' knowledge and safety practices in the metal casting industry. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The experimental group consisted of the workers in the finishing section, while the control group consisted of the workers in the induction section. The Wilcoxon test analysis reveals a significant difference in knowledge and behavior values between the pre-test and post-test, resulting from the use of video stop motion media. Media. The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in the mean value of differences in knowledge and behavior in the pre-test and post-test between the experimental and control groups with a significance value of 0.000 (p &lt;0.05). Video stop motion has the effect of increasing the value of knowledge and safe action among industry workers.

THE CORRELATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION TO BRAIN GYM IN THE ELDERLY

Background: A decline in cognitive function is often considered normal in the elderly, but the advanced stages of cognitive decline can decrease the ability to perform functional activities. Brain gym is one of the physical activity therapies that is proven to improve cognitive function. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of brain gym on cognitive function. Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation of cognitive function to brain gym in elderly. Methods: This is a queasy experimental study in 70 respondent with a pre and post-test group design. The subjects were elderly who were examined with Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian (MoCA-Ina) and Visual Reproduction Test (VRT) on the first day and given brain gym 13 times, which was done 2 times in 1 week and re-examined MoCA-Ina and VRT after the intervention. Results: The research results show improvement in the MoCA-Ina and VRT pre and post-examinations after being given intervention. In the MoCA-INA examination, the mean score of the pretest was 23.30 and the mean score of the post-test was 24.50, while in the VRT examination, the mean score of the pretest was 10.08, and the post-test mean score was 10.83. However, there was no significant difference between MoCA-Ina or VRT in pre- and post-interventional brain gym (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between cognitive function which is marked by an increase in the results of Moca INA and VRT with brain gym in the elderly at Balearjosari Malang