Subjects In Experimental Group Research Articles

The Effect of Task-Based Language Teaching on Developing Students’ Oral English Achievement: With Reference to Damot Preparatory School Grade Eleven Students

The main aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of task based language teaching in developing oral English achievement of Demot Higher Education and preparatory School grade 11students. To achieve this objective ,a task-based language teaching program was prepared based on grade 11 English textbook. An oral achievement test with an assessment rubric was administered. Two independent groups of Damot preparatory school students were selected by purposive sampling for experimentation. One class representing the experimental group learned through the task-based language teaching while the other one class representing the control group learned the same part following the traditional/ regular teaching methodology. Oral performance test was used as an instrument. Data were analyzed using SPSS using independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Results revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control subjects on their oral English achievement in favor of the experimental group. Results also showed statistically significant difference between mean scores of experimental group subjects in the paired sample t-test of their pre-post test scores of oral English achievement in favor of the post test. These results support that using task-based language teaching is effective in developing students’ oral achievement and build self-confidence. Key words/ phrases: Task-based language teaching; traditional /regular instruction; oral achievement; t-test; independent sample; paired sample DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/75-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2021

The Effectiveness of Cooperative Work Procedure in Enhancing Translation Skills among Saudi Students of Translation at King Khalid University

The present paper aimed at exploring the effectiveness of using the translation techniques, namely, Cooperative Work Procedure. (Gerding- Salas, 2000) on teaching translation courses for the students of translation at King Khalid University. The researcher used two tools to collect data, a translation test, and a questionnaire which were designed by the researcher. The purposive sample of the study consisted of forty-eight students of translation who were assigned randomly to two groups, i.e., experimental and control. One group extensively utilized Cooperative Learning, whilst the other did not. The paper revealed that the utilization of Cooperative learning (CL) in teaching translation courses take an active part in promoting translation students' performance in translating texts. The experimental group subjects' results show positive obtains through the synthesis of Cooperative Learning (CL) in teaching translation courses. Moreover, data from the questionnaire indicated the students of translation have spectra responses towards cooperative learning and a majority of them favored working alone. The study also revealed that nearly all of the students of translation appreciated fully the issue of discussing and debating their renditions tasks with their colleagues while they do not like the idea of working in groups.

ASSESSMENT OF DYNAMIC COMPLIANCE OF BENCH PRESS TYPES WITH THE POWERLIFTING COMPETITIVE EXERCISE

The composition of routines used in the training process of qualified powerlifters is still determined in accordance with the experience and intuition of a coach, rather than with a deep metrological assessment of the key parameters of movements. The purpose: to determine the compliance of bench press types with the powerlifting competitive exercise in accordance with the dynamic characteristics of movements and to reveal their hierarchical dependencies. Methods and organization of the research: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature on the research subject, accelerometry, methods of mathematical statistics. The experimental site of the research is the “Children's and Youth Sports School named after the Olympic champion V.S. Sokolov", Cheboksary. Testing was performed in December 2019. The group of experimental subjects included 7 athletes with qualifications from the 1st category to the Master of Sports. Metrological assessment covered 8 variants of training and competition bench press. The total number of measurements was 78. Results and discussion. Bench press tests revealed the following levels of compliance: maximum (wide grip press, spring-loaded press and narrow grip press), high (press with chains, press without bridging and standing press), medium (face down on incline bench). Conclusion. The comparative analysis revealed routines with different compliance with the competitive exercise. The determination of priority of routines will provide evidence-based approach to the selection of routines for tackling the issues of bench press training among qualified powerlifters.

Эффективность кардиобиоуправления у подростков 15–16 лет после физической нагрузки в условиях низких температур

Short-term biofeedback (BF) training provides effective restoration of the cardiovascular system (CVS) after physical exercise. Purpose: assessment of CVS reactivity in adolescents aged 15–16 years during a heart rate variability (HRV) BF session following a speed-strength exercise (thricerepeated standing long jump) in the open air (from –1 to –10 °C). Materials and methods. Healthy adolescents were examined: an experimental group (n = 15) subject to HRV BF training (3 min) using Varikard equipment (Ramena, Russia) in order to increase the total HRV power and a control group (n = 12). The following stages of recording HRV and blood pressure indicators were singled out: background (initial indicators), period immediately after physical activity, and recovery period with HRV training (experimental group) or being at rest (control group). Results. During the recovery period after a HRV BF session, subjects from the experimental group showed significantly higher total HRV power compared with the control (p = 0.04). In experimental group individuals with a heart rate of less than 90 bpm against the background of its increase during BF training, stress index did not change significantly. In subjects with tachycardia (above 90 bpm), heart rate and stress index remained elevated at all stages. Conclusion. Short-term BF training (3 min) after a speed-strength exercise in a cold environment increases the total HRV power in adolescents; the degree of reduction in sympathetic response depends on the initial heart rate level. The relative increase in heart rate during HRV BF training after physical exercise in a cold environment indicates the need for a longer BF session (over 3 min) in order to achieve a more pronounced influence of vagal effects on the heart rhythm.

English

BACKGROUND Low back pain is a common condition in India. 90 % of Indian population experience low back pain at least once in their lifetime. Studies show that 98 % low back pain is because of mechanical disorder of spine. Piriformis tightness is one of the most misdiagnosed causes for low back pain or sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Various manual therapy approaches have been studied for reducing muscle tightness. We wanted to assess the effectiveness of muscle energy technique that is post-isometric relaxation technique on piriformis muscle tightness, its effectiveness in relieving low back pain with radiation, and increasing range of motion. METHODS 60 patients were included in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria from Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Sawangi Meghe, and were randomly assigned in to two groups. The duration of study was 12 days (6 sessions / week) and follow up was taken on 27th day. Subjects in muscle energy technique experimental group were treated with post isometric relaxation technique (PIR), subjects in control group were given simple passive stretching of piriformis. All subjects were educated about proper ergonomics. RESULTS Both interventions post isometric relaxation and simple stretching techniques were effective in terms of pain reduction, ROM (Range of Motion) improvement, piriformis tightness, disability with p < 0.05 with post isometric relaxation technique superseding simple stretching. Moreover, post isometric relaxation technique in muscle energy technique had sustained effects on follow-up in terms of relieving pain, disability and tightness for longer period of time. CONCLUSIONS Muscle energy technique gives immediate relief of pain improving ROM and decreasing tightness of piriformis and disability and has longer lasting effects. KEY WORDS Piriformis Tightness, Muscle Energy Technique, Stretching.

Prediction of the risk of cardiovascular complications with a segmented space of risk factors and synergy channels

To predict coronary heart disease, a basic structure of a multi-agent intelligent system is proposed, which contains “strong” and “weak” classifiers. “Weak” classifiers are divided into four groups, the first of which analyzes data obtained on the basis of traditional risk factors for coronary heart disease, the second - based on the analysis of electrocardiological studies, the third group of “weak” classifiers is designed to diagnose concomitant diseases and syndromes by predictors used the first two groups of agents, and the fourth analyzes environmental risk factors. The intelligent system allows you to manage the decision-making process through a combination of expert assessments, statistical data and current information. Experimental studies of various modifications of the proposed classifier model have been carried out. Analysis of the classification quality indicators in the experimental group of subjects with different ischemic risk indicators showed that taking into account the influence of the introduced risk factors in the control group increases the diagnostic efficiency by seven percent compared to the experimental group, which acts as a background.

Comparison of the effectiveness of GOD oriented multidimensional spiritual parenting and positive parenting on mothers with high stress

Background and Objective: Today, the connection between spirituality, religion, and parenting are unquestionable. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of God's spiritual oriented multidimensional parenting and positive parenting on mothers with high stress. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population was all mothers of 8-11-year-old boys and girls who were studying in schools of Tehran, 15th district in the academic year of 2016-2017; among the mothers of these students, 30 were selected by convenient sampling method and were randomly assigned to three experimental and control groups (15 each). Subjects in the multidimensional spiritual-religious parenting experimental group (12 sessions of 120 minutes) and the positive parenting group (10 sessions of 120 minutes) were trained weekly and the control group received no training. The results were analyzed using an Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Based on the results, the mean and standard deviation of the age of mothers spiritual multidimensional parenting group (M = 34.2; SD = 3.19); the positive parenting group (M = 33.8; SD = 7.14); and the control group were equal (M = 36.3; SD = 6.16). parental satisfaction (P <0.001, F = 10.66), parenting style (P <0.01, F = 5.19), and parental self-efficacy (P <0.05). F= 3/70), in God's spiritual oriented multidimensional parenting group is significantly higher than the scores of the positive parenting group and the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to recent research and that achieving spiritual transformation and growth can facilitate the mental and physical health of mothers and children. The role of parents in moderating children's development, especially children's spiritual development, needs more attention.

Yoga Practice Improves Physical Fitness and Psychomotor Coordination in Older Adults

Background. There is evidence that yoga practice can improve cardiovascular endurance, and that physically fit individuals have better psychomotor functioning, however, to the best of our knowledge, no information is available regarding yoga effects in population aged 60 years and older. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that 10 weeks of yoga practice would improvephysical fitness and psychomotor coordination in older adults.Methods. Thirty-three older adults aged 66.9 ± 6.0 years were randomly assigned to the control group and the experimental group, which had 90-min yoga practice twice a week, for 10 weeks. Attendance and adherence ratios, and changes in cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, grip strength, and psychomotor coordination were assessed. Results. Attendance of the experimental group subjects in yoga practice was 96.4 ± 4.1%. Yoga practice increased (p &lt; 0.05) hand grip strength, flexibility in hips, thighs and spine, and decreased (p &lt; 0.05) the distance from target in the psychomotor task, whereas no changes in peak oxygen consumption were observed.Conclusion. Nevertheless, regular 10-week yoga practice had no effect on cardiovascular endurance, but it produced beneficial changes in muscular strength, flexibility and psychomotor coordination for older adults.Keywords: aging, cardiovascular endurance, strength, flexibility, exercise.

Influence of Occlusal Splint on Mandibular Movements in Patients with Bruxism: a Comparative Pilot Study.

ObjectiveThe objective of this pilot study was to examine the impact of occlusal splint treatment on mandibular border movements and the condyle position in subjects with bruxism.Materials and methodsThe study included 9 subjects diagnosed with bruxism (mean age 28.7) and 9 subjects in the control group (mean age 30.5). All subjects were adults, eugnathic, and with a dentoalveolar Angle Class I, without prosthetic restorations, previous or current orthodontic treatments, a systemic disease or previous surgical interventions in the temporomandibular joint. All experimental and control group subjects were provided with a standardized relaxation occlusal splint, which they wore for 8 weeks. During this time, an initial and three additional measurements of incisal opening (IO), left condyle opening (OLC), right condyle opening (ORC), left laterotrusion (LLI) and right laterotrusion (LRI) (after 2, 4 and 8 weeks) were performed using an Arcus Digamma II (Kavo) ultrasound device for mandibular movements recording. Using the same instrument, the condylar position during protrusion, left and right laterotrusion, and in the centric relation position (CR) was analyzed initially and after 8 weeks using the maximum intercuspation as reference point. Continuous variables were described using basic statistical parameters, and the statistical significance of differences between the variables was checked by the t-test and χ2 test (p <0.05).ResultsThe values of IO, OLC, ORC, LLI and LRI ​​increased after 8 weeks of wearing, with the highest increase for OLC, by 13.8%. No statistically significant difference (p <0.05) was found for any changes in movements. Changes in the condyle position during all movements and those in the CR were higher in the experimental group for 10 out of 14 measured parameters compared to the control group. A statistically significant difference was established for 5 out of 14 measured parameters after the occlusal splint treatment.ConclusionsThe results of this pilot study have proven the influence of the occlusal splint treatment on mandibular border movements in subjects with bruxism by increasing the range of movements. Also the changes of the condyle position in subjects with bruxism were greater compared to those in healthy subjects.

Effect of Age and Parity on Knowledge of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women of Child Bearing Age in Anambra State

Identification of characteristics of women in terms of age and parity as related to their uptake of existing screening services can give significant data to forming cervical cancer screening administrations. This study was aimed to assess the effect of age and parity on knowledge of cervical cancer screening among women of child bearing age in Anambra State. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design.The study was conducted at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital Awka and General Hospital Onitsha between June 2019 to September 2019.Using multi-stage (purposive) sampling technique, the sample size for this study consisted of one hundred and eighty four (184) women (134) subjects for experimental group and 50 subjects for control group) attending antenatal in public hospitals in Anambra State. The instrument contained five questions on demographic data of the respondents, questions on knowledge of cervical cancer and practice questions with four point response options. The reliability of the instrument was established by using Cronbach alpha for estimating the internal consistency of the instrument. Data entry and analysis were done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and inferential statistics (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance.The results showed that all the women of different age groups and women of all parity levels benefitted from the exposure to health education programme. The study therefore concludes that exposing women of child bearing age to health education programme improved the practice of cervical cancer screening practice. The knowledge of cervical cancer, knowledge of cervical cancer screening and knowledge of modes of prevention of cervical cancer are critical in determining cervical cancer screening uptake among the women. It is thus concluded that exposing women of child bearing age to health education programme improved the cervical cancer screening practice than not exposing them to any treatment. With adequate knowledge of cervical cancer and a positive perception of cervical cancer screening, utilization of cervical cancer screening services is uniform among women of all parity level.

Effectiveness of Glycerin Magnesium Sulphate Versus Heparin Benzyl Nicotinate Application Among Children with Phlebitis

Introduction: Phlebitis is the most common complication of intravenous infusion therapy. Incidence of phlebitis in children receiving intravenous therapy has been reported to be as high as 71.25%. The study was done to find out the effectiveness of glycerin magnesium sulphate versus heparin benzyl nicotinate application in children with phlebitis.&#x0D; Methods: A pre-post control group design was used. A total of 43 subjects were randomly assigned into two groups [22 in experimental (glycerin magnesium sulphate application) and 21 in control (heparin benzyl nicotinate application) group] by lottery method. Data was collected using Modified Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) Score.&#x0D; Results: The comparison between VIP score was based on observations made before the interventions and at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after the intervention. Independent t tests showed significant difference in reduction of VIP score in experimental and control group after 12 hours and 24 hours of intervention. The study demonstrated that there is no statistically significant difference in reduction of VIP score among the subjects in experimental and control group at 12 hours (p = 0.219), 24 hours (p = 0.349), 36 hours (p = 0.695) and 48 hours (p = 0.424) after the intervention. &#x0D; Conclusion: The study concludes that both glycerin magnesium sulphate and heparin benzyl nicotinate can be used effectively among children with phlebitis. However, after 24 hours of phlebitis, an alternative intervention needs to be used.

Effects of Bamboo Neck Lymph Drainage on Facial Edema and Skin Condition

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to perform bamboo lymph drainage, reflected with the principles of a brain lymph system, and the doctor border type lymph drainage on the neck area and to compare the effects of each on facial edema and skin condition. Methods: Female undergraduate students in the 20s were recruited in Daegu; from these 20 were selected. The experimental group subjects underwent lymph drainage using bamboo on the neck area for 30 minutes while the control group underwent hand lymph drainage in the same manner twice a week for 3 weeks. Results: First, as a result of the changes in facial edema status according to the BLD and MLD, the jaw angle increased significantly after 3 times and after 6 times, and the circumference of the jaw and neck were significantly decreased. Second, an understanding of the changes in the facial skin condition according to the BLD and MLD enabled considerable reduction in facial wrinkles, epidermal pigmentation, and skin tone after 3 treatment sessions than that before the treatments and gradually decreased after 6 treatment sessions. Third, the changes in facial edema and skin condition as per the BLD and MLD were not different between the two groups. Fourth, the subjective evaluation of the subjects showed that the satisfaction of the management subjects was very high. Conclusion: The bamboo lymph drainage could be a solution for reducing the physical fatigue of a therapist while effectively managing the variance among therapists, depending on individual’s skill and experience.

Effectiveness of Nursing Intervention Strategies on Physiological and Psychosocial Problems among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Selected Hospital of Kashmir

Background:Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide serious condition associated with increased premature mortality, decreased quality of life and increased health-care expenditures. Learning about issues such as: disease process, strict adherence to renal diet, exercises and relaxation therapies in addition to adherence the medical treatment have helped chronic kidney disease patients to self regulate and improve their physical and social functioning. With this background the investigator got strongly convinced to design some evidence based ‘Nursing intervention strategies’ for CKD patients through clinical research to alleviate their sufferings with better clinical outcomes. Methodology:A quasi-experimental study based upon two group pre-test post-test control group design was conducted on 200 adult chronic kidney disease patients (100=experimental group and 100=control group) with an aim to evaluate the effectiveness of ‘Nursing intervention strategies’ in improving their physiological and psychosocial problems in nephrology ward of a tertiary care hospital of Jammu and Kashmir i.e. Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) from 5th March 2012 to 31st July 2013. Result: The findings revealed that the subjects in experimental group who received the ‘Nursing Intervention Strategies’ for two weeks within hospital as well as at home till first follow up visit had shown a significant (p ≤ 0.05) improvement in 9 health problems, 11 biochemical parameters, 5 physiological parameters and 2 psychosocial parameters than the subjects in control group who reported improvement in: only 6 health problems; 5 biochemical parameters and 3 physiological parameters. Conclusion: It can be concluded that ‘Nursing Intervention Strategies’ such as: Dietary advice, progressive muscle relaxation, deep breathing, leg massaging, leg elevation and talk therapy were effective in reducing the magnitude of physiological and psychosocial problems among chronic kidney disease patients. However the long term efficacy of these strategies needs to be investigated.

The Effect of Combined Training on Estradiol Levels and Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women

Objective: Menopause is a normal biological process associated with hormonal and metabolic changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined training on estradiol levels and some metabolic risk factors in obese and overweight postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 24 postmenopausal women were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Subjects of experimental group were performed 10 weeks of combined training including resistance and aerobic exercises. Control group did not participate in any exercise training. Fasting glucose, insulin, estradiol, HOMA-IR and body fat percentage measured at the beginning and after training. Results: There were no significant differences in estradiol ( P -value: 0.87), glucose ( P -value: 0.09), insulin ( P -value: 0.11), HOMA-IR ( P -value: 0.08) and body fat percentage ( P -value: 0.24) between experimental and control groups after combined exercise training. Conclusion: This study showed that 10 weeks of moderateintensity combined exercise training has no effect on serum estradiol level and insulin resistance in overweight/obese postmenopausal women.

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory.

Although there has been recent interest in how mindfulness meditation can affect episodic memory as well as brain structure and function, no study has examined the behavioral and neural effects of mindfulness meditation on episodic memory. Here we present a protocol that combines mindfulness meditation training, an episodic memory task, and EEG to examine how mindfulness meditation changes behavioral performance and the neural correlates of episodic memory. Subjects in a mindfulness meditation experimental group were compared to a waitlist control group. Subjects in the mindfulness meditation experimental group spent four weeks training and practicing mindfulness meditation. Mindfulness was measured before and after training using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Episodic memory was measured before and after training using a source recognition task. During the retrieval phase of the source recognition task, EEG was recorded. The results showed that mindfulness, source recognition behavioral performance, and EEG theta power in right frontal and left parietal channels increased following mindfulness meditation training. In addition, increases in mindfulness correlated with increases in theta power in right frontal channels. Therefore, results obtained from combining mindfulness meditation training, an episodic memory task, and EEG reveal the behavioral and neural effects of mindfulness meditation on episodic memory.

Effects of Two Types of Moderate- and High-Intensity Interval Training on Serum Salusin-α and Salusin-β Levels and Lipid Profile in Women with Overweight/Obesity.

ObjectiveThe current study aimed to compare the effects of two modes of moderate- and high-intensity interval training on serum Salusin-α and Salusin-β and lipid profile in women with overweight/obesity.Subjects and MethodsA number of forty females were assigned to each of (1) Control (BMI= 30.2 ± 2.8 kg/m2, n=14), (2) Moderate-intensity (BMI= 31.2 ±3.3 kg/m2, n=13) and (3) High-intensity interval training (BMI=30.9±3.4 kg/m2, n=13) groups. The subjects of experimental groups participated in the selected interval trainings for eight weeks. The first blood sampling was performed within 48 hours prior to the first training session and the second samples were obtained 48 hours after the last training session.ResultsThe findings revealed that there were significant increases in Salusin-α (36% vs. 3%; p = 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein levels (7% vs. 5%; P = 0.039), while significant reductions in the levels of Triglyceride (−8% vs. −9%; p= 0.012) and total cholesterol (−1% vs. −8%; P =0.01) levels of moderate- and high-intensity interval training groups, respectively. Also, there were insignificant changes in Salusin-β (−7% vs. −5%; P = 0.108), low-density lipoproteins (−3% vs. −11%; P =0.046) and very-low-density lipoprotein (−10% vs. −8%; P = 0.056) compared to control group. There were only significant differences between Salusin-α and high-density lipoprotein levels of training groups (P<0.05).ConclusionIt is suggested that, although improvements in lipid profile was nearly similar for two training modes, moderate intensity interval training was more effective to prevent and control atherosclerosis.

Effects of Topical No Toner and Essence on Skin Changes in the Subjects with Acne Vulgaris

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a very common condition with an estimated lifetime prevalence of85% and occurs predominantly during adolescence. The aim of current study was to investigate how theNO-containing essences and toners change the skin condition of AV patients using nitric oxide (NO) withthese various positive effects.Method: The experiment proceded with 25 subjects in the acne skin experimental group with NO essenceand toner (AE), 25 subjects in the normal skin experimental group with NO essence and toner (NE), and20 subjects in the normal skin control group without any application of the products (NC). Skin analyzer(Mark-Vu, Korea) was used to examine the skin changes.Results: The changes in pores, sebum, inflammation, wrinkles, flush, skin tone, radiance brightness, andradiance area before and after the experiment between three groups were statistically significant decreasedand melanin increased in both AE and NE. A statistically significant change was only seen in AE (p< 0.05).There was a statistically significant decrease in NE and a statistically significant decrease in brown wasonly seen in NE (p< 0.05). After 8 weeks, Pore size and future wrinkles were significantly reduced inAE compared to the other groups (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in pore sizes,future wrinkles in AE and NC in the post-test using the Sheffe test (p <0.05). After the experiment, sebum,inflammation, wrinkle decreased in AE and NE, but there was no statistically significant decrease betweenthe three groups.Conclusion: Essences and toners containing NO were found to be effective in improving AV and normalskin.

The Changes of Irisin Levels in Athletes after Eight Weeks Intensity Internal Training

Introduction: Irisin is a myokine that its secretion elevates in response to exercise and is stimulator of white to brown adipose tissue transformation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks high intensity interval training (HIT) on irisin levels of in young obese men. Methods: Subjects of study were divided into control and experimental groups (each group 10 men). Subjects of experimental group performed HIT trainings for eight weeks (three sessions per week, each session 45 to 60 minutes with intensity of 90% of heart rate reserve). Fasting blood sampling was done 24h before and 48h after trainings. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and U-Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Data analysis showed that in experimental group levels of BMI decreased (P=0.023) and irisin increased significantly (P=0.005). Also mean differences of BMI (P=0.049) and irisin (P=0.031) were significant between control and experimental groups (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Overall, findings showed that eight weeks HIT is effective in elevation of irisin and reduction of BMI in obese young males.

Effect of Moist Heat Therapy on the Visibility and Palpability of Peripheral Veins Before Peripheral Venous Cannulation among Patients Undergoing Intravenous Cannulation- A Quasi Experimental Study

Hospitalization rate in India is increasing over years and treatment is given mostly via intravenous route.Moist heat therapy for identifying vein before cannulation will reduce number of attempts for cannulation,supply costs and will improve patient satisfaction. AIM: To assess the efficacy of moist heat therapy onvisibility and palpability of peripheral veins prior to intravenous cannulation. SETTINGS: Day care unit(chemotherapy ward), Medicine and Orthopaedic wards of GGS hospital, Faridkot. MATERIAL ANDMETHODS: Using Quasi experimental research design and convenient sampling 60 patients undergoingI.V.cannulation whose veins were not visible and palpable were randomly assigned to experimental (n=30)and conventional group (n=30). In experimental group moist heat therapy with conventional tourniquettechnique and in conventional group only tourniquet was used then post assessment was checked by VeinAssessment Scale in both the groups. RESULTS: In experimental group, the post intervention vein assessmentscore improved from pre intervention score 1-2 to 3-5 and in conventional group from score 1-2 to 1-4. Afterintervention, in experimental group majority of subjects had vein score 4(vein visible and palpable), whereasin conventional group majority scored vein score 3(vein barely visible and palpable). 7(23.3%) subjects ofexperimental group scored vein score 5(vein clearly visible and palpable) whereas in conventional group nosubject scored 5 vein score. Also, 2(6.7%) subjects of this group had vein score 1 that remained unchangeddespite of routine technique. Difference between post intervention scores of experimental and conventionalgroup was found to be significant (?2= 20.06 and p-value 0.00) at p-value <0.05. CONCLUSION: Moistheat with conventional tourniquet technique used in experimental group was significantly effective than onlyconventional technique used in conventional group

ВИХОВАННЯ В МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ ІНТЕРЕСУ ДО ЗАНЯТЬ З ФІЗИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ У СИСТЕМІ “ШКОЛА-СІМ’Я”

Мета дослідження – визначити комплекс психолого-педагогічних умов, що сприяють ефективному вихованню в молодших школярів інтересу до занять фізичними вправами та розробити методику їх реалізації в системі “школа-сім’я”. Методи й організація дослідження. Для реалізації поставленої мети були використані наступні методи дослідження: теоретичний аналіз та узагальнення спеціальнихінформаційних джерел; педагогічне спостереження за активністю учнів на заняттях; анкетування школярів та їхніх батьків, педагогічний експеримент; методи математичної статистики. Педагогічний експеримент тривав шість місяців. Результати. Аналіз передової практики шкіл та численних наукових досліджень свідчить, що процес формування в учнів потреби у фізичному вдосконаленні починається ще у ранньому шкільному віці з виховання інтересу до фізичних вправ. Поряд з цим наявні методичні розробки не включають в себе реалізацію повного комплексу психолого-педагогічних чинників, що сприяють зацікавленості дітей до занять. Зокрема виявлено, що теоретики та практики не наділяють належної уваги позакласним та позашкільним формам фізичного виховання, в реалізації яких особливу роль відіграє сімейне оточення дитини. Висновок. Педагогічний експеримент показав, що комплексна реалізація відповідних психолого-педагогічних чинників при тісній співпраці школи та сім’ї сприяє значному підвищенню інтересу школярів до різних форм фізичного виховання та суттєво підвищує їхню активність на заняттях.Ключові слова: фізичне виховання, інтерес, молодші школярі, психолого-педагогічні умови, система “школа-сім’я”.