Group O2 Research Articles

N-linked glycosylation affects catalytic parameters and fluctuation of the active center of Aspergillus awamori exo-inulinase

Heterogeneous expression of enzymes allows large-scale production with reduced costs. Changes in glycosylation often occur due to changes in the expression host. In the study, the catalytic and biochemical properties of Aspergillus awamori exo-inulinase 1 are compared for A. awamori and Penicillium verruculosum expression hosts. The tertiary structure contains seven sites of N-glycosylation, with two of them located near the active center. If expressed in P. verruculosum, the enzyme was four times less glycosylated and two times more active toward sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose due to an increase in kcat. These substrates with a short chain of 2–4 monosaccharide units were used to characterize the interaction of the substrate with the amino acid residues in the active center while preventing the interaction of the substrate with N-linked glycans. Molecular dynamics simulations showed an increase in the fluctuation of the active center with an increase in the length of N-linked glycans. The fluctuation of the residues N40 and Q57, which interact with the hydroxyl group O5 of the fructose unit in the −1 subsite of the active center, was increased by 1.6 times. The fluctuation of the residue W335, which interacts with the hydroxyl group O1 of the fructose unit together with the catalytic residue D41 and affects the torsion angle geometry of the substrate molecules, was increased by 1.5 times. The residue R188, which analogously to W335 affects the torsion angle geometry of the substrate molecules, was also among the affected residues with a 1.2-fold increase in the fluctuation.

Lipid Profiling of Oily Skin in Chinese Female aged 22-28 and 29-35 Defined by the Life Rhythm Theory of Huangdi Neijing

Purpose: According to the life rhythm derived from the ancient Chinese medicine book Huangdi Neijing, female growth and development culminates between the age of 22-28, with strong muscles, bones and vigorous hair. To investigate the characteristics of facial lipid profile in oily skin of female at different developmental stages classified based on seven-year rhythm, and to provide the mechanistic insight into the aging theory of Huangdi Neijing.Methods: The facial lipid composition of two groups of healthy women with oily skin (O1 group: age of 22-28; O2 group: age of 29-35) was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Differential lipids between O1 and O2 groups were identified using an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model.Results: No significant difference in skin barrier function was found between the O1 and O2 groups. In contrast, skin elasticity and skin radiance displayed significant changes, with the O2 group showing decreased skin elasticity and dull skin, which is consistent with the description in Huangdi Neijing. In terms of lipid profile, among eight lipid main classes, seven lipid classes [FA], [GL], [GP], [PK], [PR], [SP] and [ST] showed significantly higher relative levels in the O2 group (<i>p</i><0.05). Among the differential lipid species, myriocin, erucamide, phosphatidylserine, flavonoid compounds, and sphinganine were significantly and negatively correlated with skin elasticity (R2) and skin radiance (ITA) (<i>p</i><0.05).Conclusion: The seven lipid species identified are important for targeting markers of skin aging and developing cosmetics that maintain skin elasticity and color.

Comparative study on three molecular typing methods of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

To evaluate the correlation among the three molecular typing method of pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE), repetitive extragenic palindromic(REP)-PCR and en-terobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus(ERIC)-PCR, and to explore the genetic relationship among strains, and to further understand the distribution and epidemic trend of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Liaoning Province by combining Serotype analysis. Serum typing, PFGE, REP-PCR, and ERIC-PCR molecular typing and cluster analysis were performed on 150 VP isolates from Liaoning Province in 2018. 118 isolates could be divided into 14 Serotype, and 32 isolates could not be classified. The main serotypes were O3, O1 and O2. The resolution(DI) of PFGE is 0.969, the resolution(DI) of REP-PCR is 0.948, and the resolution(DI) of ERIC-PCR is 0.927. The Serotype O3 group strains are highly similar to the molecular types of O1 group strains. In 2018, the epidemic Serotype of clinical VP isolates in Liaoning Province is still O3: K6, and the epidemic serotype of food VP isolates is still O2. The result of PFGE, REP-PCR, and ERIC-PCR typing method are consistent, and the resolution and reproducibility of PFGE typing method are superior to the other two method. The Serotype O3 group is closely related to O1 group.

Effect of coffee on color stability and surface roughness of newly introduced single shade resin composite materials

BackgroundDentists started to follow the era of using single-shade resin composite restorations to avoid color shade selection. Our study was done to evaluate and compare the color stability of two single-shade resin composite materials.MethodsSixty samples were randomly allocated into two main groups (n = 30) according to the composite resin used: Group O: (Omnichroma) samples and Group V: (Venus Peral) samples. Each group was then divided into two subgroups (n = 15): group O1 and V1: samples immersed in coffee. Group O2 and V2: samples immersed in distilled water. Color changes (ΔE) and roughness values (Ra) were evaluated at baseline, first, and 14th days of immersion. The color change was assessed using Vita Easyshade V, while surface roughness was assessed using a profilometer and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Data were collected and statistically analyzed using two-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test (p < 0.05).ResultsGroup O1 and V1 recorded the highest ΔE00 (P = 0.002, 0.0001, respectively) and Ra values (P < 0.001) with no significant difference between both materials at 14 days.ConclusionSingle shade resin composite with innovative chromatic material technology has dramatic color change and surface roughness that sacrifice esthetic success.

Association of ABO blood groups with venous thrombosis recurrence in middle-aged patients: insights from a weighted Cox analysis dedicated to ambispective design

BackgroundIn studies of time-to-events, it is common to collect information about events that occurred before the inclusion in a prospective cohort. When the studied risk factors are independent of time, including both pre- and post-inclusion events in the analyses, generally referred to as relying on an ambispective design, increases the statistical power but may lead to a selection bias. In the field of venous thromboembolism (VT), ABO blood groups have been the subject of extensive research due to their substantial effect on VT risk. However, few studies have investigated their effect on the risk of VT recurrence. Motivated by the study of the association of genetically determined ABO blood groups with VT recurrence, we propose a methodology to include pre-inclusion events in the analysis of ambispective studies while avoiding the selection bias due to mortality.MethodsThis work relies on two independent cohorts of VT patients, the French MARTHA study built on an ambispective design and the Dutch MEGA study built on a standard prospective design. For the analysis of the MARTHA study, a weighted Cox model was developed where weights were defined by the inverse of the survival probability at the time of data collection about the events. Thanks to the collection of information on the vital status of patients, we could estimate the survival probabilities using a delayed-entry Cox model on the death risk. Finally, results obtained in both studies were then meta-analysed.ResultsIn the combined sample totalling 2,752 patients including 993 recurrences, the A1 blood group has an increased risk (Hazard Ratio (HR) of 1.18, p = 4.2 × 10–3) compared with the O1 group, homogeneously in MARTHA and in MEGA. The same trend (HR = 1.19, p = 0.06) was observed for the less frequent A2 group.ConclusionThe proposed methodology increases the power of studies relying on an ambispective design which is frequent in epidemiologic studies about recurrent events. This approach allowed to clarify the association of ABO blood groups with the risk of VT recurrence. Besides, this methodology has an immediate field of application in the context of genome wide association studies.

Establishment and assessment of postoperative cognitive impairment in intermittent hypoxia rats.

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a chronic disease characterized by repeated episodes of apnea or hypopnea, accompanied by intermittent awakening and sleep disturbances. The incidence of OSAHS is increasing and has become a serious disease. In recent years, more and more evidence shows that OSAHS is closely related to postoperative neurocognitive disorders, and the preparation of models of postoperative cognitive impairment in intermittent hypoxia animals is an important way to study its pathogenesis and intervention targets. This study aims to explore the establishment and evaluation of the animal model of postoperative cognitive impairment in intermittent hypoxia rats. A total of 108 male SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: a control group (C group, n=27), a surgery group (S group, n=27), an intermittent hypoxia 7 d group (H1 group, n=9), an intermittent hypoxia 14 d group (H2 group, n=9), an intermittent hypoxia 21 d group (H3 group, n=9), an intermittent hypoxia 7 d operation group (O1 group, n=9), an intermittent hypoxia 14 d operation group (O2 group, n=9), and an intermittent hypoxia 21 d operation group (O3 group, n=9). The rats in the H1, H2 and H3 group treated with intermittent hypoxia for 7, 14, and 21 d, respectively. The rats in the O1, O2 and O3 groups received left lateral hepatic lobectomy after 7, 14, and 21 d intermittent hypoxia, respectively. The rats in each group were subjected to open field test, new object recognition test, and Barnes Maze test. The expression of IL-1β mRNA in hippocampus of rats was detected at the 1st day after the surgery. Compared with the C, S, and H2 groups, the discrimination index in novel object recognition test 6 h and 1 d after the surgery of the O2 group was significantly lower (P<0.05), the latency and errors in Barnes maze at the 1st day and 2nd day after the surgery were increased significantly (P<0.05) and the expression of IL-1β mRNA in hippocampus was significantly increased at the 1st day after the operation (P<0.05). However, there was no difference in the preference index in NORT 6 h and 1 d after the surgery, the latency and errors in Barnes maze and the expression of IL-1β mRNA in hippocampus between the O1 group and the H1 group, the H3 group and the O3 group (all P>0.05). The rate with intermittent hypoxia 14 d pretreatment with anesthesia and laparotomy could be established the animal model of postoperative cognitive impairment.

Feeding of cuticles from Tenebrio molitor larvae modulates the gut microbiota and attenuates hepatic steatosis in obese Zucker rats.

Insect biomass obtained from large-scale mass-rearing of insect larvae has gained considerable attention in recent years as an alternative and sustainable source of food and feed. A byproduct from mass-rearing of insect larvae is the shed cuticles - the most external components of insects which are a relevant source of the polysaccharide chitin. While it has been shown that chitin modulates the gut microbiota and ameliorates lipid metabolic disorders in obese rodent models, feeding studies dealing with isolated insects' cuticles are completely lacking. Thus, the present study tested the hypothesis that dietary insects' cuticles modulate the gut microbiome and improve hepatic lipid metabolism in obese Zucker rats. To test this hypothesis, three groups of obese Zucker rats were fed a nutrient-adequate, semisynthetic basal diet which was supplemented with either 0% (group O), 1.5% (group O1.5) or 3.0% (group O3.0) Tenebrio molitor cuticles at the expense of cellulose. Oil red O-stained liver sections showed a marked lipid accumulation, but lipid accumulation was clearly less in group O3.0 than in groups O and O1.5. In line with this, hepatic lipid concentrations were 30% lower in group O3.0 than in group O (p < 0.05). No differences were observed across the obese groups regarding liver concentrations of methionine, S-adenosylmethionine and homocysteine. Analysis of cecal microbial community at the family level revealed that the relative abundances of Bifidobacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae Erysipelotrichaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Prevotellaceae, Sutterellaceae, unknown Deltaproteobacteria and unknown Firmicutes were higher and those of Anaeroplasmataceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Eubacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Saccharibacteria and unknown Clostridiales were lower in group O3.0 compared to group O (p < 0.05). Cecal digesta concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids, acetate and butyrate were higher in group O3.0 than in group O (p < 0.05). Targeted plasma metabolomics revealed 53 metabolites differing between groups, amongst which two indole metabolites, indole-3-propionic acid and 3-indoxylsulfate, were markedly elevated in group O3.0 compared to groups O1.5 and O. Regarding that increased abundances of bacteria of the Actinobacteria phylum and Lactobacillaceae family in the gut have been reported to be associated with antisteatotic, hepatoprotective and antiinflammatory effects, the pronounced increases of Bifidobacteriaceae and Coriobacteriaceae (both Actinobacteria), and of Lactobacillaceae in group O3.0 might have contributed to the amelioration of fatty liver.

New DXA Diagnostic Indexes of Abdominal Obesity.

Aim: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is associated with weight gain and extreme central, visceral, abdominal obesity which is confirmed with dual-energy X-rays absorptiometric (DXA) diagnostic cut-off point (CP) values of central obesity indexes (COI), determined as an android to gynoid tissue and fat mass ratios. These best differentiate CS from non-CS obese women matched with CS according to their age and BMI. The aim of this study was to determine the CP values of new DXA indexes of central, abdominal obesity as a ratio of android and trunk to legs as well as trunk and legs to total tissue and fat mass that best differentiate CS and matched non-CS obese women in order to confirm central abdominal obesity, and to determine their normal CP values that best differentiate healthy non-obese women from CS and non-CS obese women, and to exclude abdominal obesity completely. Material and Methods: DXA indexes of abdominal obesity, calculated as а ratio of regional body fat and tissue mass compartments android to legs (A/L), trunk to legs (Tr/L), trunk to total (Tr/To) and legs to total (L/To) values were determined among 4 groups. Each group consisted of 18 women: 1st group of CS, 2nd group of obese women (O1) not different according to their age and BMI from CS, 3rd group of obese women (O2) with higher BMI of 35 ± 1.2 kg and a 4th group of non-obese, healthy women (C) with a normal BMI. Diagnostic accuracy (DG) of CP values of DXA indexes of abdominal obesity and indexes of normal body fat distribution (BFD) were determined. Results: A/L, Tr/L, Tr/To, and L/To DXA indexes were significantly different between CS and O1 as well as between non-CS women O2 compared to O1 and C. These indexes had a highly significant correlation among each other and also in relation to their BMI (p < 0.0001). A/L-Tm CP value of 0.3 best differentiated the CS from group O1, with the highest DG of 100 % and an A/L-Fm CP value of 0.26 differentiated them with a DG of 94.44% and sensitivity of 100 %. An A/L-Tn CP value of 0.23 and an A/L-Fn CP value of 0.25 best differentiated CS and C as well as O2 and C for the highest DG of 100 %. Conclusions: DXA indexes A/L, Tr/L, Tr/To and L/To values were significantly different among the four groups. These values correlated significantly among them and with their BMI in non-CS groups, thus confirming a BMI increase association with a more pronounced abdominal BFD. An A/L-Tm CP value of 0.3 and an A/L-Fm CP value of 0.26 were discovered as the best DXA diagnostic indexes of extreme abdominal obesity in CS and these could also be used in discovering abdominal BFD in non-CS obese women with metabolic syndrome (MS). An A/L-Tn CP value of 0.23 and an A/L-Fn CP value of 0.25 were discovered as the best DXA diagnostic indexes of normal BFD which completely excluded abdominal obesity.

Evaluation of the analgesic effect of Acute Pain Service in thoracic surgery

Objective: To observe the analgesic effect, complication and patient satisfaction of Acute Pain Service (APS) after thoracic surgery. Methods: The clinical data were collected from 264 patients who underwent different thoracic surgery from January 2017 until December 2019 retrospectively. They were divided into thoracotomy group (group O) and thoracoscopy surgery group (group T). There were 90 cases in group O and 174 cases in group T. According to the use of APS, the group O is divided into the no-APS group (group O1) and the APS group (group O2), the group T is divided into the no-APS group (group T1) and the APS group (group T2). The effect of postoperative analgesia, the incidence of nausea and vomiting and the satisfaction of patients were compared between group O1 and group O2, group T1 and group T2, respectively. Results: In the resting state, the Numeric Rating Scales (NRS) scores of the group O2 at 0 h (0.92±0.50 vs 1.59±0.62), 4 h (0.92±0.50 vs 2.06±1.03), 8 h (0.92±0.50 vs 2.18±1.13), 12 h (0.92±0.50 vs 2.47±1.42), 24 h (1.00±0.71 vs 2.53±1.42), and 48 h (1.00±0.71 vs 2.35±1.80) after leaving the Anesthesia Recovery Room (PACU) were significantly lower than those of the group O1 (all P<0.05), and in the active state, the NRS scores of the group O2 at 0 h (P=0.023), 4 h (P=0.001), 8 h (P=0.000), 12 h (P=0.001), 24 h (P=0.000), 48 h (P=0.000), and 72 h (P=0.019) after leaving the PACU were significantly lower than those of the group O1 (all P<0.05). In the resting state, the NRS scores of the group T2 at 4 h (P=0.029), 8 h (P=0.008), 12 h (P=0.006), and 24 h (P=0.013) after leaving the PACU were significantly lower than those of the group T1 (all P<0.05). In the active state, the NRS scores of the group T2 at 4 h (P=0.019), 8 h (P=0.000), 12 h (P=0.001), 24 h (P=0.002), and 48 h (P=0.002) after leaving the PACU were significantly lower than those of the group T1 (all P<0.05). Conclusion: APS can significantly reduce the NRS scores after thoracotomy and thoracoscopic surgery compared to ordinary analgesia model.

Intensive care management of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis due to non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae after traveling to Taiwan: a case report

BackgroundVibrio cholerae are oxidase-positive bacteria that are classified into various serotypes based on the O surface antigen. V. cholerae serotypes are divided into two main groups: the O1 and O139 group and the non-O1/non-O139 group. O1 and O139 V. cholerae are related to cholera infection, whereas non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae (NOVC) can cause cholera-like diarrhea. A PubMed search revealed that only 16 cases of necrotizing fasciitis caused by NOVC have been recorded in the scientific literature to date. We report the case of a Japanese woman who developed necrotizing fasciitis caused by NOVC after traveling to Taiwan and returning to Japan.Case presentationA 63-year-old woman visited our hospital because she had experienced left knee pain for the past 3 days. She had a history of colon cancer (Stage IV: T3N3 M1a) and had received chemotherapy. She had visited Taiwan 5 days previously, where she had received a massage. She was diagnosed with septic shock owing to necrotizing fasciitis. She underwent fasciotomy and received intensive care. She recovered from the septic shock; however, after 3 weeks, she required an above-knee amputation for necrosis and infection. Her condition improved, and she was discharged after 22 weeks in the hospital.ConclusionsWith the increase in tourism, it is important for clinicians to check patients’ travel history. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of necrotizing fasciitis in patients with risk factors. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by NOVC is severe and requires early fasciotomy and debridement followed by intensive postoperative care.

Effects of Chinese yam ( Dioscorea oppositifolia L .) dietary supplementation on intestinal microflora, digestive enzyme activity and immunity in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )

Chinese yam (Dioscorea oppositifolia L.) extract is a product which concentrates many active ingredients. In this study, the effects of Chinese yam extract on the intestinal microbiota, digestive enzymes, and the immune response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. Fish were fed a basic diet (Con) and 0.1% (O1), 0.2% (O2) and 0.4% (O3) yam extract diet, respectively, for 8 weeks. After the feeding experiment, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Patescibacteria abundances at the phylum level in intestinal were significantly differential under the effect of yam respectively. Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phylum were significantly decreased in O1 group compared with control, while Patescibacteria was significantly increased in O3 group. Anaeroplasma, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, Ruminococcaceae_ UCG-014, Lactobacillus, Rikenella, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, [Eubacterium]_ coprostanoligenes_group, Bifidobacterium, Marvinbryantia and Uncultured abundances at the genus level were significantly differential under the effect of yam respectively. Bifidobacterium, Marvinbryantia and Candidatus_ Saccharimonas were significantly enriched in O3 group. KEGG and COG functional prediction on intestinal microflora revealed that yam has beneficial effects on metabolism, antibacterial and defence function. Serum immune factors and intestinal immune genes were significantly regulated in yam groups. In addition, yam also increased gastrointestinal digestive enzyme activities of rainbow trout. The results showed that yam could enhance gastrointestinal function, stimulate immunomodulatory effects, and induce intestinal microbiota changes, rendering beneficial effects to rainbow trout.

The Effect of Giving Cold Therapy to Decrease Pain of Sprain Ankle of Basketball Players

Sprain, is an injury to a joint that results in a torn ligament that functions as a binding between bones and as a stabilizer for the joint that occurs due to excessive pressure and sudden movements repeatedly. It is estimated that nearly 1.6 million injuries occur in connection with basketball in Indonesia. The epidemiology of injuries to male basketball players during training is 4.3 per 1000 while the competition is 9.9 per 1000. This study is an experimental study with a Two Group Pre-Test and Post-Test Design. The research subjects were 30 permanent members of the Bangau Basketball Club which were divided into 2 groups: O1 group was a group that was given cold therapy before training alone, O2 group was a group that was given cold therapy after exercise alone. The study was conducted in October-November 2018. There was a difference between pain intensity and the degree of ankle sprain O1 group before and after exercise with the pain intensity difference test value of 0,000 and the value of the ankle sprain degree difference test result of 0.029 (p <0.05). There was a difference between the intensity of pain and the degree of ankle sprain in the O2 group before and after exercise with the test value of the pain intensity difference of 0.024 and the value of the test result of the degree of ankle sprain difference of 0.047 (p <0.05). Wilcoxon test results showed that there was an effect of cold therapy to reduce ankle sprain pain with p <0.05.

The Effect of Giving Cold Therapy to Decreased Pain Sprain Ankle Basket Ball Players

Sprain, is an injury to a joint that results in a torn ligament that functions as a binding between bones and as a stabilizer for the joint that occurs due to excessive pressure and sudden movements repeatedly. It is estimated that nearly 1,6 million injuries occur in connection with basketball in Indonesia. The epidemiology of injuries to male basketball players during training is 4,3 per 1000 while the competition is 9,9 per 1000. This study is an experimental study with a Two Group Pre-Test and Post-Test Design. The research subjects were 30 permanent members of the Bangau Basketball Club which were divided into 2 groups: O1 group was a group that was given cold therapy before training alone, O2 group was a group that was given cold therapy after exercise alone. The study was conducted in October-November 2018. There was a difference between pain intensity and the degree of ankle sprain O1 group before and after exercise with the pain intensity difference test value of 0,000 and the value of the ankle sprain degree difference test result of 0,029 (p &lt;0,05). There was a difference between the intensity of pain and the degree of ankle sprain in the O2 group before and after exercise with the test value of the pain intensity difference of 0,024 and the value of the test result of the degree of ankle sprain difference of 0,047 (p &lt;0,05). Wilcoxon test results showed that there was an effect of cold therapy to reduce ankle sprain pain with p &lt;0,05.

Difference in Cognitive Function by First Onset Age of Alcohol Induced Blackout and Its Duration.

ObjectiveAlcohol-induced blackout (blackout) is a typical early symptom of cognitive impairment caused by drinking. However, the first onset age of blackout or the duration after onset of blackout has not been directly compared in previous studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in cognitive function to the first start age of blackouts and their duration.MethodsThirty-one male subjects were included in this study. Their age at the first blackout and the duration after the onset of blackout were investigated. Neuropsychological tests were conducted to determine their attention, memory, and executive function. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their age of the first onset blackout (group O1, < 20 years; group O2, 21–39 years; and group O3, > 40 years). Subjects were also divided into three groups by duration after the onset of blackout (P1, < 10 years; P2, 10–29 years; and P3, > 30 years). We then examined differences in neurocognitive function among these groups.ResultsO1 tended to have a lower memory score than O2 (F = 3.28, p = 0.053). Significant differences were observed in attention and executive function between groups P1 and P3 (Digit Span_backward: F = 6.07, p < 0.05; visual span_forward: F = 4.19, p < 0.05; executive intelligence quotient: F = 3.55, p < 0.05).ConclusionGreater memory impairment was detected in subjects having an earlier age of the first blackout. The longer the duration after the onset of blackout, the more impaired their attention and executive function skills.

EVALUTION OF MAMMARY GLAND PROSTHESIS ROTATION PROPHILAXIS EFFECIENCY IN A THREE YEARS POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD

Mammary gland prosthesis rotation (MGPR) after augmentation mammoplasty is a poorly studied complication of plastic surgery. The frequency of MGPR is not well known. There are indications that MGPR of 90○ , which is considered clinically significant, ranges from 0.9 % to 14 %. Preventing methods of MGPR are not developed enough. Aim: determination of the effectiveness of the upper pole reinforcement of «neo pocket» with prolen thread for the prevention of MGPR after primary augmentative mammoplasty (PAMP) in three years of postoperative period. Material and methods. The invectigation is performed on the basis of the Surgery Department No. 4 of Bogomolets NMU in the period from 2013 to 2018. A prospective, independent comparison of the primary augmentative mammaplasty results between three independent groups of patients was performed: two groups of comparison and one main groups. The first group of comparison (Group P1) included 94 patients who evaluated the results of augmentative mammaplasty one year after the operation, the second comparison group (Group P3) – 63 patients three years after this operation. The main group (group O) included 76 patients who had a prospective study after one (group O1) and then three years later (group O3) – 62 patients. In the comparison groups, the standard MGPR was performed, in the main group – according to the developed method. The patients did not differ statistically by age, body mass index (BMI), weight of prostheses, percentage of pregnant women and patients with lactation period. In all the cases, textured prostheses with high and medium profile were implanted. The majority of patients were operated with prostheses from 325-335 ml and 375 ml. The MGPR evaluation was carried out in accordance with the developed method using the ultrasound of the ESAOTE firmware model Technos Partner with a linear sensor with frequency of 12.5 MHz. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 statistical analysis packets. Results. One year after the operation in the P1 group, a slightly lower, but not reliable percentage of prosthesis rotation – 143 (76.1 %) against 103 (81.7 %) in the group P3, p=0.231, was diagnosed. At the same time, in the P1 group only 4 (4.3 %) women did not have the rotation of the prosthetics of both mammary gland (MG) and in the P3 group 2 women (3.2 %), p=0.001. Significant difference of the frequency of patients with clinically significant MGPR: 11 (11.7 %) patients in the P1 group versus 12 (19.0 %) in the P3 group (p = 0.202) and 13 (6.9 %) in the P1 group against 13 (10.3 %) of the prostheses in the group P3 (p=0.284). In patients in the main group, a small (30.9%) frequency of clinically insignificant MGPR was noticed after PAMP and it did not increase after the three years period (32.1%). In the P1 group, 143 (76.1 %) prostheses were diagnosed with rotation, in the group O1 – 46 (30.3 %), p = 0.001. At the same time, in the P1 group, only 4 (1.6 %) women didn`t have the rotation of the of both MG prostheses and in the group – 39 (51.3 %), p = 0.001, which indicates the effectiveness of the developed methodology. A similar trend was observed in the case of comparison of the three years results between the group P3 and the group O3. The absence of rotation of prostheses was diagnosed in 83 (66.9 %) O3 group and 26 (20.6 %) in the P group, and there was no clinically significant rotation of O3 patients versus group P where these patients were observed: 12 (19.0% ), p=0.001. Conclusion: the method of fixation of the submuscular «neo pocket» upper pole with prolen thread, provides stable protective effect of MGPR and gives a possibility to avoid a clinically significant rotation(more than 900) throughout three years after augmentative mammoplasty comparing with a traditional method – 11.7 %, patients in a year – 19 %, in three years after PAMP, р&lt;0,01.

Effect of different doses of intravenous oxycodone and fentanyl on intubation-related hemodynamic responses: A prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial (CONSORT).

Background:Intubation using direct laryngoscopy is a risky and painful procedure that is associated with undesirable hemodynamic changes such as tachycardia, hypertension, and arrhythmia. Recently, intravenous oxycodone was introduced and used for the control of acute postoperative pain and to attenuate intubation-related hemodynamic responses (IRHRs), but there is insufficient information regarding its proper dosage. We investigated the attenuating effects of different doses of oxycodone and fentanyl on IRHRs.Methods:For calculating oxycodone effective dose (ED95), which attenuated all IRHR changes to less than 20% over baseline values in 95% of male patients at 1 minute after intubation, oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg was injected for the first patient 1 hour before intubation, and the next dose for each subsequent patient was determined by the response of the previous patient using Dixon up-and-down method with an interval of 0.01 mg/kg. After obtaining the predictive oxycodone ED95, 148 patients were randomly allocated to groups receiving normal saline (group C), oxycodone ED95 (group O1), oxycodone 2 × ED95 (group O2), or fentanyl 2 μg/kg (group F). We recorded the incidence of “success” as a less than 20% change from baseline values in all IRHRs 1 minute after intubation.Results:The predictive oxycodone ED95 was 0.091 (0.081–0.149) mg/kg. The incidence of “success” was highest in group O2 (75.7%), followed by group O1 (62.2%) and group F (45.9%) with significant differences between the groups (P < .001). The systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate were not significantly different among groups after administration of either oxycodone or fentanyl. The percentage hemodynamic changes of the group O2 were significantly lower than those of groups F and O1, but the absolute percentage hemodynamic changes were not significantly different among groups F, O1, and O2. The recalculated oxycodone ED95 with probit analysis (0.269 mg/kg) was needed to prevent any arterial pressure and heart rate changes.Conclusions:Oxycodone 0.182 mg/kg is more effective in attenuating all IRHRs than fentanyl 2 μg/kg with safe hemodynamic changes. Further research is required to determine if the recalculated oxycodone ED95 (0.269 mg/kg) is also effective and hemodynamically safe for preventing all IRHRs.

Genome sequencing of strains of the most prevalent clonal group of O1:K1:H7 Escherichia coli that causes neonatal meningitis in France

BackgroundTo describe the temporal dynamics, molecular characterization, clinical and ex vivo virulence of emerging O1:K1 neonatal meningitis Escherichia coli (NMEC) strains of Sequence Type complex (STc) 95 in France.The national reference center collected NMEC strains and performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of O1:K1 STc95 NMEC strains for phylogenetic and virulence genes content analysis. Data on the clinical and biological features of patients were also collected. Ex vivo virulence was assessed using the Dictyostelium discoideum amoeba model.ResultsAmong 250 NMEC strains collected between 1998 and 2015, 38 belonged to O1:K1 STc95. This clonal complex was the most frequently collected after 2004, representing up to 25% of NMEC strains in France. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that most (74%) belonged to a cluster designated D-1, characterized by the adhesin FimH30. There is no clinical data to suggest that this cluster is more pathogenic than its counterparts, although it is highly predominant and harbors a large repertoire of extraintestinal virulence factors, including a pS88-like plasmid. Ex vivo virulence model showed that this cluster was generally less virulent than STc95 reference strains of O45S88:H7 and O18:H7 serotypes. However, the model showed differences between several subclones, although they harbor the same known virulence determinants.ConclusionsThe emerging clonal group O1:K1 STc95 of NMEC strains is mainly composed of a cluster with many virulence factors but of only moderate virulence. Whether its emergence is due to its ability to colonize the gut thanks to FimH30 or pS88-like plasmid remains to be determined.

Minimal effective weight-based dosing of ondansetron to reduce hypotension in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled superiority trial

BackgroundThe weight-based dosing of ondansetron to reduce hypotension has never been investigated. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal dose of ondansetron required based on the patient’s weight to reduce hypotension following spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.MethodsIn this prospective, triple-blinded, parallel group, randomized controlled trial, a total of 228 pregnant women were randomized to receive either normal saline (group NS) or ondansetron 0.05 mg/kg (group O1) or ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg (group O2) intravenously 5 min before induction of spinal anesthesia. The incidence of hypotension, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, vasopressor requirements, and blood loss between the three groups were compared. Maternal and neonatal complications were also assessed. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate were compared using the generalized estimating equations method.ResultsThirteen patients were excluded from the analysis because of no intervention (n = 12) and protocol violation (n = 1). Two hundred and fifteen patients remained for the intention-to-treat analysis. The incidence of hypotension in groups NS (n = 72), O1 (n = 71), and O2 (n = 72) were 81.9%, 84.5%, and 73.6%, respectively (P = 0.23). The episodes of hypotension before delivery (first 14 min after spinal anesthesia) were significantly higher in group O1 compared to NS (5 vs 2, P = 0.02). The overall heart rates throughout the operations were not different among the three groups. The ephedrine requirements and amount of blood loss were also similar among the three groups. The metoclopramide requirement was significantly lower in group O2 compared to group NS (2.8% vs 16.7%, P = 0.01). There were no serious adverse events in terms of maternal or neonatal complications.ConclusionsOndansetron 0.05 mg/kg or 0.1 mg/kg administered before spinal anesthesia did not reduce the incidence of hypotension in this study.Trial registrationThai Clinical Trials Registry, TCTR 20160323001, 22 March 2016.

EVALUATION OF MAMMARY GLAND PROSTHESIS ROTATION PROPHILAXIS EFFICIENCY IN A THREE YEARS POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD

Mammary gland prosthesis rotation (MGPR) after augmentation mammoplasty –poorly studied complication of plastic surgery. The frequency of MGPR is not well known. There are indications that MGPR of 900, which is considered clinically significant, ranges from 0.9% to 14%. Preventing methods of MGPR are not developed enough.&#x0D; Goals: Determination of the effectiveness of the upper pole reinforcement of «neo pocket» with prolen thread for the prevention of MGPR after primary augmentative mammoplasty in a three years of postoperative period.&#x0D; Materials and methods: The invectigation is performed on the basis of the Surgery Department No. 4 of Bogomolets NMU in the period from 2013 to 2018 A prospective, independent comparison of the primary augmentative mammaplasty results between three independent groups of patients was performed: two groups of comparison and one main groups. The first group of comparison (Group P1) included 94 patients who evaluated the results of augmentative mammaplasty one year after the operation, the second comparison group (Group P3) – 63 patients three years after this operation. The main group (group O) included 76 patients who had a prospective study after one (group O1) and then three years later (group O3) – 62 patients. In the comparison groups, the standard PAMP was performed, in the main group – according to the developed method. The patients were not diferenciated statistically by age, body mass index (BMI), weight of prostheses, percentage of pregnant women and patients with lactation period. In all cases, textured prostheses with high and medium profile were implanted. The majority of patients were operated with prostheses from 325-335 ml and 375 ml. The MGPR evaluation was carried out in accordance with the developed method using the ultrasound of the ESAOTE firmware model Technos Partner with a linear sensor with a frequency of 12.5 MHz. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 statistical analysis packets.&#x0D; Results: one year after the operation in the P1 group, a slightly lower, but not reliable percentage of prosthesis rotation – 143 (76.1%) against 103 (81.7%) in the group P3, p = 0.231, was diagnosed. At the same time, in the P1 group only 4 (4.3%) women did not have the rotation of the prosthetics of both MG and in the P3 group 2 women (3.2%), p = 0.001. Significant difference of the frequency of patients with clinically significant MGPR: 11 (11.7%) patients in the P1 group versus 12 (19.0%) in the P3 group (p = 0.202) and 13 (6.9%) in the P1 group against 13 (10.3%) of the prostheses in the group P3 (p = 0.284). In patients in the main group, a small (30.9%) frequency of clinically insignificant MGPR was noticed after PAMP and it did not increase after the three years period (32.1%). In the P1 group, 143 (76.1%) prostheses were diagnosed with rotation, in the group O1 – 46 (30.3%), p = 0.001. At the same time, in the P1 group, only 4 (1.6%) women didn‘t have the rotation of the of both MG prostheses and in the group 39 (51.3%), p = 0.001, which indicates the effectiveness of the developed methodology. A similar trend was observed in the case of comparison of the three years results between the group P3 and the group O3. The absence of rotation of prostheses was diagnosed in 83 (66.9%) O3 groups and 26 (20.6%) in the P group, and there was no clinically significant rotation of O3 patients versus group P where these patients were observed: 12 (19.0% ), p = 0.001.&#x0D; Conclusion: A method of fixation of the submuscular «neo pocket» upper pole with prolen thread, provides stable protective effect of MGPR and gives a possibility to avoid a clinically significant rotation(more than 900) throughout a three years after augmentative mammoplasty comparing with a traditional method-11,7 %, patients in a year-19%, in a three years after PAMP, р&lt;0,01.

DFT Studies of Carbon Structures Supported Vanadia Catalysts for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane: Kinetic and Thermodynamic

The detailed mechanism for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane on the 1 VO4(CH3 )3 surface has been studied in depth with density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP level and standard split-valance basis set, 6-31+G*. Monomeric vanadia specie was considered and modeled as catalysis. In addition, the mechanisms of the two complete catalytic cycle, involving the regeneration of the reduced catalyst using O2 gaseous have been reported. The reaction proceeds in two subsequent steps which at the first, one hydrogen abstracting by the vanadium of V= O1 group with about 48.35 cal/mol activation energy is the rate determining step. Subsequently, second intermediate has been formed through a bond formed between the propyl radical and O2 atom (V-O2). In continue, the O1 atom abstracts one hydrogen atom from the methyl group with a 131.63 kcal/ mol barrier to form propene by passing to second transition state. The results of our calculations have found that all the reactions involve vanadyl oxygen (V=O1), with the bridging oxygen (V-O-C) serving to stabilize the isopropyl radical intermediate.