Group Expert Assessment Research Articles

Taxonomic Model of Mathematical Competences of Future Researcher Teachers

Обсуждается, что одним из видов профессиональной деятельности выпускника бакалавриата по направлению подготовки 44.03.04 «Профессиональное обучение (по отраслям)» является научно-исследовательская деятельность, которая регламентирована Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом (ФГОС). В рамках данной деятельности выпускник должен быть готов участвовать в различных исследованиях по проблемам подготовки рабочих, служащих и специалистов среднего звена. Для повышения качества научно-педагогических исследований в них интенсивно используются методы теории вероятностей и математической статистики. Результаты обучения студентов бакалавриата во ФГОС представлены в терминах компетентностного подхода, и поэтому их невозможно измерить. Отсутствие измерителей результатов подготовки студентов по дисциплине «Математические методы в педагогических исследованиях» не позволяет установить соответствие подготовки будущего педагога-исследователя заданным требования ФГОС. Представлена таксономическая модель математических компетенций студентов бакалавриата будущих педагогов-исследователей, перечень которых разработан методом групповых экспертных оценок. Модель предусматривает формирование трех групп математических компетенций: базовых, методологических, креативных. Каждая группа математических компетенций представлена деятельностными и когнитивными составляющими. Иерархическая структура математических компетенций соответствует модели их формирования. Предложенный перечень математических компетенций является обобщенным. Для реализации целей диагностики степени сформированности компетенции необходимо конкретизировать их в контексте определенной темы данной дисциплины. Рассмотренная модель математических компетенций позволяет конкретизировать цели обучения, формулировать рекомендации для оптимального формирования системы компетенций, оптимизировать процесс обучения студентов.

Generalized Comparison of the Results of the Group Expert Assessment for the State of Metrological Assurance of Measurements

The article presents the results of research of existing methods for conducting group expert assessment. The method of group expert assessment taking into account the competence of the experts involved on the basis of previously established criteria was used. A group expert evaluation of the state of metrological assurance for ten types of measurement was carried out. Results are processed used of specialized and universal software. A comparative analysis of the results obtained to assess the suitability of the methods was conducted. The primary issues are metrological assurance for measurements of electrical quantities and the measurement of time and frequency for further in-depth study.

Comparative assessment of the competence of experts in the field of higher education by different methods

The methods and means of assessing the competence of experts in the field of higher education are explored. An assessment of the competence of experts in the field of higher education using the methods for assessing the competence of experts, taking into account data uncertainty and on the basis of the analytical hierarchy process according to established criteria was carried out. The results are processed by specialized software “Competence DU 2.1” and “Competence of AHP 1.0”. Specialized software takes into account data uncertainty and applies the analytical hierarchy method. The ratio of the averages for the criteria used to assess the competence of experts in higher education was estimated. The comparative analysis of the obtained data was carried out. The results of the analysis showed the convergence and correlation of the obtained data, and also confirmed the suitability of methods for assessing the competence of experts in the field of higher education. The obtained results showed a small dispersion of average values for the criteria for assessing the competence of experts in the range from 3.7 to 6.6, which indicates a balance. The comparative analysis showed a high coincidence of the results of quantitative assessment of the competence of experts using specialized software, which is based on different methods of evaluation. The scatter of the values obtained by the applied methods indicates the presence of a correlation. The methods for assessing the competence of experts, taking into account data uncertainty and on the basis of the analytical hierarchy, are useful for comparative evaluation of the competence of experts in the field of higher education. This will allow rejecting insufficiently competent specialists, forming competent groups of experts, obtaining more reliable group expert assessments or ensuring the qualified work of agencies, specialized commissions and councils.

ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT STUDENT WORK BASED ON STUDENT BLOGGING ACTIVITY

Introduction. Today, the students’ personality traits and increasing their motivation to self-development are the most complex and urgent problems in foreign language training at higher technical university and in the system of higher education in general. According to the authors, the technology of student blogging is a means for addressing these issues, despite the lack of research on its methodology. In that regard, there is a need for further studies on information and communication technologies (ICT) application by promoting independent student work. The aim of this paper is to present the developed model of organization of bachelors’ independent work through educational blogging; to fulfill educational potential and to prove the efficiency of ICTs application in education taking into consideration professional foreign language competence development of future specialists in tool making. Methodology and research methods. When designing the model, the basic considerations of the following methodological approaches were considered: competency-based, personal-oriented, activity-based, thesaurus, and qualimetric; the listed above approaches enable to realize the principles of individualization, professional orientation, integrity, self-organization and interactivity in the performed work. The method of group expert assessment, as the leading one in pedagogical qualimetry, was chosen as the main method in the research undertaken. The methods of modeling and pedagogical experiment were involved. Results and scientific novelty. The structure of professional foreign language competence (including communicative, cognitive and subject components) of future toolmaking bachelors is identified. The development of the competence formation model among students is described in detail: having studied independently the subject topic, the students post the material. Pedagogical conditions and didactic guidelines for the model realization are formulated. The developed model, unlike many other models based on using ICT in foreign language teaching, takes into account the necessity of professional orientation of students’ foreign language self-learning. The model involves the use of thesaurus approach to enrich the learner’s vocabulary; and qualimetric approach to identify the level of their professional foreign language competence development. The developed model and the technology of student blogging were successfully tested as a part of pedagogical experiment at M. T. Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University in the 2016−2017 academic year. Practical significance. The materials of the present investigation can be useful for teachers to organize independent student work. The technology of student blogging can be generalized and adapted to a wider range of higher education training programs.

Unrecorded alcohol use: a global modelling study based on nominal group assessments and survey data.

Alcohol use is among the most important risk factors for burden of disease globally. An estimated quarter of the total alcohol consumed globally is unrecorded. However, due partly to the challenges associated with its assessment, evidence concerning the magnitude of unrecorded alcohol use is sparse. This study estimated country-specific proportions of unrecorded alcohol used in 2015. A statistical model was developed for data prediction using data on the country-specific proportion of unrecorded alcohol use from nominal group expert assessments and secondary, nationally representative survey data and country-level covariates. Estimates were calculated for the country level, for four income groups and globally. A total of 129 participants from 49 countries were included in the nominal group expert assessments. The survey data comprised 66 538 participants from 16 countries. Experts completed a standardized questionnaire assessing the country-specific proportion of unrecorded alcohol. In the national surveys, the number of standard drinks of total and unrecorded alcohol use was assessed for the past 7days. Based on predictions for 167 countries, a population-weighted average of 27.9% [95% confidence interval (CI)=10.4-44.9%] of the total alcohol consumed in 2015 was unrecorded. The proportion of unrecorded alcohol was lower in high (9.4%, 95% CI=2.4-16.4%) and upper middle-income countries (18.3%, 95% CI=9.0-27.6%) and higher in low (43.1%, 95% CI=26.5-59.7%) and lower middle-income countries (54.4%, 95% CI=38.1-70.8%). This corresponded to 0.9 (high-income), 1.2 (upper middle-income), 3.2 (lower middle-income) and 1.8 (low-income) litres of unrecorded alcohol per capita. A new method for modelling the country-level proportion of unrecorded alcohol use globally showed strong variation among geographical regions and income groups. Lower-income countries were associated with a higher proportion of unrecorded alcohol than higher-income countries.

A comparative analysis of results of the group expert assessment of metrological assurance of measurements

Modern methods and means for conducting a group expert assessment are researched. The improved method of group expert assessment, which takes into account the competence of the experts involved on the basis of previously established criteria is proposed. This is important, since for the purpose of obtaining reliable estimates by a group expert assessment, it is first of all necessary to correctly approach the selection of both the method and the experts involved in the study. The improved software tools on the basis of the developed method are proposed. They are based on the integration of the element of competence assessment of the experts involved into the software tools, has no restrictions on the number of experts and the number of questions (factors) that need to be analyzed, and also allows, if necessary, adjusting the applied evaluation criteria. This contributes to the improvement of the accuracy and reliability of the results of group expert assessment, as well as the elimination of errors in calculating the results. An estimation of the state of metrological assurance for different types of measurements (by the improved method) is carried out. The analysis of the state of metrological assurance for all types of measurements has shown that 34 % of the sub-questions are prioritized for further detailed analysis, and 66 % do not have a priority or any significance at all for their further analysis. An examination of the consistency of the expert estimates obtained using the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance and the Pearson’s chi-squared test is carried out

Formation of System of Indicators for the Evaluation of Design Solutions in High-Rise Housing Construction

Описана последовательность разработки и апробации методики оценки проектов многоквартирных жилых домов на основе системы показателей. Разнообразие предложений для тех, кто планирует улучшить свои жилищные условия, сильно затрудняет выбор. Действительно, сложно остановиться на одном варианте, когда вокруг столько заманчивых альтернатив. Нами предпринята попытка разработать методику, которая позволит оценивать проектные решения на основе комплекса показателей и выбирать оптимальный вариант с точки зрения покупателя с помощью экспертного опроса. Подбор экспертной группы проводился способом взаимных рекомендаций («снежного кома»). Недостатком метода считается отсутствие гарантий в достоверности оценок. Групповая экспертная оценка может считаться объективной лишь при условии достаточной согласованности ответов экспертов. Нами выбран метод проведения исследования - индивидуальное интервью, которое проходит в виде свободной беседы и позволяет получить от респондента подробную информацию по обсуждаемой проблеме, проводится в удобное для специалиста время, позволяет исключить влияние авторитетов и подавление других мнений. По результатам экспертного опроса была составлена модель оценки, в которой характеристики проекта размещены на четырех уровнях: 1) цена и надежность застройщика; 2) характеристика квартиры; 3) характеристика дома; 4) характеристика района строительства. Каждая характеристика проекта описана несколькими показателями. На основе рангов экспертов были рассчитаны весовые коэффициенты (коэффициенты значимости) каждого показателя. Для апробации методики были взяты два проекта, похожих по объемно-планировочному решению и месту расположения. Перечень показателей по блокам, указания по расчету, весовые коэффициенты и расчет интегральных показателей представлены в табличной форме.

Modelling the expert’s preferences in decision-making under complete uncertainty

The object of the research is the formalized problem of decision-making under conditions of complete uncertainty of the external environment, whereas the subject of the research is decision-making criteria. The aim is to ensure the effectiveness of managerial decisions by widening the spectrum of mathematical models of the criteria for their selection. The study considers classical and derivative criteria for decision-making under conditions of complete uncertainty. We have suggested a three-parameter mathematical model of the Hurwitz criterion, which, in contrast to the classical model, makes analytical use of the number of conditions of the external environment (the dimension/scope of the problem) and considers the extent of its influence on the decision-maker’s preferences in making decisions. The developed research instrument can be used in the procedures of a group or individual expert assessment of the efficiency of managerial decisions. The advantages of the proposed model include its ability to retain the form of the parameters’ interrelation, regardless of the correction of the initial hypotheses. The maximum effect of its use can occur during a multiple group or individual expert assessment, when the calibration of subjective preferences of an expert is particularly important.

TRAINING COURSE AS AN ORGANIZATIONAL FORM OF STUDENTS’ TEACHING INTERNSHIP

The research objective is to analyze the introduction of interactive educational technologies and methods during the teaching internship. The authors consider that a pedagogical concept «teaching internship» as an interactive form of the educational organization for students can be a useful possibility. This form is aimed at the development of students’ personal qualities for their future professional and pedagogical activities. The paper presents the types of internship training focused on the development of students’ personal qualities and willingness for future vocation and teaching, such as professional teaching, research, educational–rojecting and integrated types. The methods. The teaching professional training methodology involves SWOT-analysis to help students to gain the experience in the analysis of real pedagogical situations which are relevant for a particular educational organization and for education in general. On the basis of the group expert assessment method and the pedagogical aims arrangement by B. Bloom, the authors have worked out their own specific taxonomic model for reasoned training course tasks’ development; and the readiness level diagnostics of students involved in teaching internship. The results. The authors reveal new approaches to teaching internship organization for incoming vocational education teachers. It is specially noted that the training organization on the stages of teaching practice of bachelors provides not only constant feedback with the teaching internship head or tutor allowing to correct a practical activity but significantly increases students’ willingness to complete it in various educational institutions as well. Scientific novelty. The authors not only introduce the concept of «pedagogical training» but also supplement it, defining its aims and objectives. It is proved that SWOT-analysis usage as the strategic planning method during teaching course provides internal and external factors identifying relevant to organization activities. Practical significance. The research findings can be used while teaching internship. The authors suggest their own new practice organization approaches for forming and determining general- cultural and professional abilities that allows preparing the student for future professional and educational activities.

The Engineering Graphics Olimpiad as a Means for Students’ Creative Professional Competence Formation in the Technical Higher School

The paper is devoted to the creative professional competence development by the technical high school students – the prospective building engineers – by means of the Engineering Graphics Olympiad. The authors in- vestigate the concepts of the creative competences, creative abilities, creative professional competences, and denote the structure of the engineering- graphic competence. Its main components, singled out by the group expert assessment, form the basis for the Olympiad content regarding its selection and major rounds. For the more argumentative selection it is recommended to provide the pedagogic expertise corresponding with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards and considering the students’ level. The formation levels of the competence in question are discussed along with the corresponding knowledge and skills. The authors present the brief analysis of the research outcomes and make a conclusion about the necessity of stu- dents’ additional preparatory work regarding the specificity of the engineering graphics training in the technical higher school.

The Design Model of Multilevel Estimation Means for Students’ Competence Assessment at Technical Higher School

The paper considers the research findings aimed at the developing the new quality testing technique for students assessment at Technical Higher School. The model of multilevel estimation means is provided for diagnosing the level of general cultural and professional competences of students doing a bachelor degree in technological fields. The model implies the integrative character of specialists training - the combination of both the psycho-pedagogic (invariable) and engineering (variable) components, as well as the qualimetric approach substantiating the system of students competence estimation and providing the most adequate assessment means. The principles of designing the multilevel estimation means are defined along with the method ology approaches to their implementation. For the reasonable selection of estimation means, the system of quality criteria is proposed by the authors, being based on the group expert assessment. The research findings can be used for designing the competence-oriented estimation means.