Gross Domestic Product In Indonesia Research Articles

Peningkatan Literasi Keuangan melalui Pelatihan Financial Life Skill bagi Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah di Desa Sumberarum Kecamatan Tempuran

MSMEs are one of the drivers of the economy in Indonesia. MSMEs have a major contribution to the Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia. However, MSMEs have many limitations, including the limited ability of owners/managers to manage MSME business finances. This also happened to the owners of MSMEs in Sumberarum Village, Tempuran, Magelang. This limited ability creates problems such as ignorance of the owners/managers about the net profit they get, as well as poor cash management. Therefore, the owners/managers of MSMEs in Sumberarum Village need socialization and assistance regarding literacy and financial management. Community service in Sumberarum Village is carried out through literacy socialization and financial management for MSME owners/managers. Furthermore, the socialization was continued with financial management assistance through monitoring of financial records that had been carried out by the owners/managers of the MSMEs. After monitoring and evaluation, the results show that 70% of the sample has done good financial records. This program is expected to equip MSME owners/managers to have the right financial management skills so that they can increase MSME business profits.

Pengaruh transisi konsumsi energi fosil menuju energi baru terbarukan terhadap produk domestik bruto di Indonesia

This study aims to determine the impact of the energy transition including consumption of new renewable energy, consumption of fossil energy and production of new and renewable energy on gross domestic product in Indonesia. The data in this research study is secondary data with a period of 20 years, between 2000 and 2019 which was obtained from the International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Asian Development Bank (ADB), and several scientific journals. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression with the assumption of BLUE (Best Linear Unbiased Estimate). The results obtained that the consumption of new and renewable energy has a positive relationship but does not have a significant effect on gross domestic product in Indonesia, while the consumption of fossil energy and also the production of new and renewable energy has a positive relationship and has a significant effect on gross domestic product in Indonesia.

Pengaruh Utang Luar Negeri dan Ekspor Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi (PDB) Indonesia Periode Tahun 2006-2020

This review is expected to be able to carry out a test with the ultimate goal of deciding on the variables that affect Indonesia's GDP. This type of review uses a quantitative methodology. The factors in this review are the value of Indonesia's external debt and the value of Indonesia's GDP as the dependent factor and the value of Indonesia's GDP as the dependent factor. This information is taken as selected information (time series) from BI and the Central Statistics Agency for the period 2006-2020. This information checking technique uses multiple linear regression examination. The impact of this review proves that the relationship between Indonesia's external debt and the value of Indonesian exports has a very large impact together. The fractional test (t test) proves that the value of Indonesia's external debt basically has an impact on the value of Indonesia's economic growth. The export value factor does not affect the value of gross domestic product in Indonesia.

The Energy Demand Elasticity in Relation to Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia: Sectoral Approach

This paper aims at estimating the energy demand elasticity in relation to gross domestic product in Indonesia based on data from 1995 to 2018. The sectors examined are industry, trading, transportation, and housing sectors. The method of analysis is the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). An interesting estimation result here is that the elasticity of the industry sector is negative both short and long term. The other three sectors show positive elasticity. This paper contributes to the discussion of the energy demand ARDL model to be used as a reference in developing countries.

The Application of Error Correction Model (ECM) in Assessing the Impact of Exchange, Interest, and Inflation Rates on the Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia

Economic growth is influenced by several factors, both in developing and developed countries, where the indicator of seeing high or low is seen through Gross Domestic Product (GDP). On the other hands, GDP is also influenced by other variables, in this paper the author aims to further review the relationship between GDP and interest rates, exchange rates, and inflation rates in Indonesia using a time-series technique, during the period 2010 Q1 to 2020 Q4. The data for this study were provided by Bank Indonesia and the International Monetary Fund. Since the model has a spurious problem, the error correction model was used to compare the results of the analysis in the long and short run. The cointegration estimation based on trace and max-eigen statistic is greater than the critical value which means it is cointegrated. The findings indicate that in the long run and short run, there are variables insignificantly GDP and there are changes in correlation between variables and GDP in each method that have been used, owing to this further study is needed. When to the one or two aligned macroeconomic variables applied in previous related research, this paper casts an empirical light into understanding the link. Derived from the research results, the Indonesian government should adopt appropriate policies to stabilise the monetary sector, especially the central bank which is deemed essential to improve the flexibility in adjusting and anticipating more economic issues as well as future challenges.

Analysis of the Effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Total Population on State Tax Revenue (2016-2020)

Taxes are the main sector that provides income to the state, from which these funds will be used to finance the running of various sectors in Indonesia. Therefore, to advance the country a policy is needed by optimizing tax revenue, and each taxpayer must fulfill its obligation to pay taxes. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that influence the amount of national tax revenue in Indonesia. From the theory obtained and from several previous studies, there are several factors that influence tax revenue, including the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and population. The data used in this study are secondary data for the period 2016 to 2020 taken from the official website, namely the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, which are then analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this research indicate that the gross domestic product (GDP) and population variables simultaneously and partially has an effect on state tax revenue at the 5% and 1% significance levels while when viewed through Islamic principles, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reaches 80 percent so that GDP of Indonesia is recorded at around USD 1 trillion or equivalent to Rp. 14.04 trillion. Keywords; Gross Domestoc Bruto (GDP); Total Population; State Tax Revenue, Islamic Economic Prin c iples.

Pengaruh Infrastruktur Transportasi Terhadap Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Per Capita Pada Negara-Negara Anggota ASEAN

The purpose of this study is to model the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and transportation infrastructure in ASEAN member countries. In addition, this study also compares the data predicted by the model with actual data in Indonesia. Transportation infrastructure includes air transportation, sea transportation, and land transportation (railway). The data used is secondary data from the World Bank (World Development Indicator) 1960-2019. The analytical method used in this research is Statistical Descriptive Analysis and Multivariate Regression Analysis. The results of this study resulted in a multivariate regression model Y = 6,478 – 7,871(X2) + 4,875(X4) – 2,390(X5) – 2,27(X7) + 5,569(X8). This model produces a p-value of 2.619E-13 <0.05, which means that this model has a significance of 2.619E-13 and produces an R2 of 0.95 which means the variables X2 Air transport, passengers carried, X4 Quality of port infrastructure, X5 Container port traffic, X7 Rail lines, X8 Railways, passengers carried affect the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita by 95% and the other 5% is influenced by other factors. This regression model in predicting actual data for the case of GDP in Indonesia is 120.84%, meaning that this model cannot be used to predict actual data in the case of GDP in Indonesia.

The Relationship between COVID-19 Pandemic, Foreign Direct Investment, and Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia

This research investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foreign direct investment. This research also studies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and the gross domestic product (GDP). This research employs a local projection estimation to calculate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on foreign direct investment. The panel vector autoregression is applied to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationship between FDI and GDP. This research finds variations in the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on FDI among economic sectors in Indonesia. Moreover, the relationship between FDI and GDP is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

THE DETERMINANTS ON COST OF DEBT IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

The manufacturing industry is the biggest contributor to the gross domestic product of Indonesia. The cost of debt is one of the factors for manufacturing companies in carrying out their operations. Lowering the cost of debt could attract manufacturing companies to raise funds through debt that will help the companies generate profit. This research figures out the impact of factors that may affect the cost of debt. This study is quantitative research that uses multiple regression as statistical analysis to test the hypotheses by using E-views 10 as a tool. The data population is manufacturing firms in Indonesia and samples are manufacturing firms listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2015-2019. The results show that institutional ownership, debt to equity ratio, and interest coverage ratio impact the cost of debt. While managerial ownership, firm size, and return on assets do not impact the cost of debt.

ANALISIS DAMPAK UTANG LUAR NEGERI TERHADAP PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO INDONESIA PERIODE 1988 – 2019

This study aims to see the impact of foreign debt on Indonesia's gross domestic product (GDP). This study uses a combined method, qualitative research methods and quantitative research methods. Qualitative methods are used to describe descriptively the development of foreign debt and GDP in Indonesia. The method used to explain statistically / quantitatively the relationship and influence of foreign debt on GDP in Indonesia. The data analysis technique used in quantitative methods is a simple regression equation, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing (t test). The sample used is time series data for the last 30 years from the variables of external debt and GDP. The results of data processing using SPSS show that foreign debt has a significant effect on gross domestic product. External debt has a very strong relationship with gross domestic product. The calculation results obtained by the linear regression equation Y = - 4,358,467,905 + 50,498,518X, none = 0.976, KD = 0.953 and Fcount = 568.018 with Sig F Change = 0.000

THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT, GOVERNMENT EXTERNAL DEBT, AND GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the influence of foreign investment, foreign debt, and government spending on Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia during 2005-2019. The data analysis method used in this study is a multiple regression analysis models using the Eviews application. The results show partially (t-test) show that foreign investment, foreign debt, and government expenditure have a positive and significant effect on gross domestic product.Then, the correlation coefficient or R-Squared value is 0.736793 or 73.67%. It shows that there is a strong correlation between the independent variables and the dependent variable. It concludes that foreign investment, foreign debt, and government spending have a positive and significant effect on the provincial gross domestic product in Indonesia from 2005 to 2019.

Factors Affecting the Volume of Indonesian Coffee Export to The International Market

Agriculture is a vital sector in economic activity. In 2019, this sector played a significant role in the Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia. Coffee is one of the most critical agricultural commodities in Indonesia. This commodity is one of the most significant foreign exchange contributors. This study is conducted to identify and analyze the factors that affect the volume of Indonesian coffee export to the leading export destination. They are the US, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Great Britain, Egypt, Belgium, Algeria, and India. By using the data panel regression method, this research obtained a result that the joint influence between the coffee production, free onboard coffee prices, GDP of importer countries, exchange rate, and financial crisis in 2008, together have a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian coffee export to the international market based on the significant test.

Analysis the Effect of Money Supply and Third-Party Funds to the Inflation Rate through Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia Period 2008-2017

The objective of this research is to determine the effect of money supply and third-party funds to the inflation rate through Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Indonesia. The type of data is secondary data. This research used time series data from 2008 to 2017 from various valid data source.The data then were analyzed by multiple regressionswith Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) approach processed byEviews 9.0.According to resultsanalysis of this study, there is a positive and significant effect between money supply and third-party funds to GDP directly. Partially, it is found that money supply has no significant effect to inflation through GDP and Third-party funds have negative and significant effect to inflation through GDP.

Pengaruh Struktur Aktiva Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Struktur Modal (Studi Kasus PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry and Trading Company Tbk. Tahun 2009-2018)

The research was conducted at PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry and Trading Company TBK. As the food and beverage industry as one of the industry that contributes the highest to gross domestic product (GDP) to the sector of processing industry in Indonesia. In 2012, the food and beverage industry contributed 7.14% to GDP in Indonesia. A descriptive quantitative is the type in this study, the analytical technique used in this research is to use various tests namely classical assumptions, T-Test and F-test and coefficient of determination. Using multiple regression analysis is the most appropriate method for the lysis of the influence of asset structure and profitablity on the capital structure of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry and Trading Company Tbk. From 2009-2018. The impact of independent variables on dependent variables is 74.8% while the remaining 13.6% are described by variables or other factors not incorporated into this model, so it is evident that the independent variables of the assets and profitability structure have had a strong impact on the corporate capital structure of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry and Trading Company Tbk in year 2009-2018.

THE ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDONESIA

The analysis results show that changes in macroeconomic conditions such as exchange rate, government expenditure and gross domestic product in Indonesia have a significant effect on foreign direct investment (FDI) Indonesia, while Inflation has a negative effect on foreign direct investment FDI and the monetary crisis has a negative effect on the development of FDI in Indonesia. So that the severe financial crisis in the American and European regions today, the impact on foreign direct investment (FDI) Indonesia is still within the limits of tolerance. Therefore, although there are still problems in the investment climate in Indonesia, the outlook for investment in Indonesia over the next period is still good, although perhaps with the growth of investment slows down.

THE FACTORS ANALYSIS THAT INFLUENCE ONINFLATIONIN INDONESIA

MBA –JournalofManagementandBusinessAplicationPage 302MBAJournalofManagementandBusinessAplicationTHE FACTORS ANALYSIS THAT INFLUENCE ONINFLATIONIN INDONESIAHelmi Agus Salim1Nely Supeni2Higher Education of Economic MandalaEmail: helmi@stie-mandala.ac.idABSTRACTInflation is an interesting topic to discuss because it has a broad impact on macroeconomic aggregates such as on economic growth, product competitiveness, interest rates and income distribution. Inflation is a dilemma that haunts the economy, especially developing countries especially Indonesia is a country with an estimated economic level in the world. Therefore there are several things that will be studied and examined to find out these problems including the effect of fuel subsidies, the effect of the Rupiah exchange rate against the US Dollar, the influence of interest rates, and the influence of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the inflation rate in Indonesia. The research method for analyzing data used is multiple regression. The results showed the Subsidy Variable (LS) had a positive regression coefficient of 0.1270 to inflation, the exchange rate coefficient (LK) was 0.5915 to inflation, the value of the interest rate coefficient (LSB) was -0.88638 to inflation, the GDP coefficient (LG) is 0.1489 of inflation. Based on the simultaneous test, it can be seen that the F statistic is 390 with a prob (F-statistic) of less than one percent, so these statistics mean that together the independent variables in the research model include the value of government subsidies, the exchange rate of the Rupiah against the USD, interest rates, and Gross Domestic Product / GDP of Indonesia together influence the inflation rate in Indonesia.Keywords:Inflation, Rupiah Exchange Rate, Interest Rates, Gross Domestic Product

Modeling the volatility of gross domestic product based on the volatility of money supply, inflation, interest rate, and exchange rate using the fractional cointegration model

Economic growth is a quantitative index to determine the level of economic progress that can be measured by gross domestic product (GDP). Various literatures aim to solve problems regarding patterns of economic growth as well as about the determinants wherein the analysis volatility models are used. Some indicators of economic growth are money supply, inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates. Economic variables are recorded as time series data with different periods, and hence temporal aggregation is required to analyze. Economic time series data showing the existence of long memory and structural breaks, which leads to the difficulty on explaining the data only with a general model. Therefore, both long memory models and structural break are proposed to be taken into account in the model. In this analysis, the residual from a linear combination of economic variables follows a long memory process indicating a cointegration relationship between these variables. This paper models GDP volatility based on money supply, inflation, interest rate and exchange rate volatility in Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, and Singapore using the Fractional Cointegration model with long memory and structural break. The analysis shows that structural break is only found in the volatility of GDP of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore while the nature of long memory is found in almost all economic variables’ volatility. Furthermore, we found the cointegration model, stationary and persistent noise in all countries.

Maintain Sustainable Development Environment: Exports of Crude Petroleum, Coal, Natural Gas and Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia

The utilization of crude petroleum, coal and natural gas becomes an interesting topic because it does not only imply the national sustainable development goals (SDGs) but also becomes a source of state revenue in the form of exports to finance the state budget (in Indonesian, APBN), as in Indonesia. The objectives of the research are: (1) to examine the contribution of crude petroleum export value to GDP; (2) to examine the contribution of coal export value to GDP and (3) to examine the contribution of natural gas export value to Indonesia's GDP. This study uses quantitative approach under the type of associative research. The main data source of the study used in this research is secondary data published annually by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in 1981-2014. To test the contribution of independent variable to the dependent variable, multiple linear regression analysis tools is used based on the value of Standardized Coefficients Beta. The results showed that with One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, the data was normally distributed. The classical autocorrelation assumption test obtained the result of Durbin-Watson that was 1,275 so that there is no autocorrelation in the data. The VIF value of each independent variable was less than 10 with tolerance value bigger than 0.01 so it did not contain multicollinearity problems. Heteroskedasticity test using Spearman's rho obtained result that data free from assumption of heteroscedasticity. The Heteroskedasticity test using Spearman's rho resulted that the data was free from the assumption of heteroscedasticity. Meanwhile, the results of the hypothesis testing are: (1) there is a positive contribution of export value of crude petroleum to GDP, but not significant; (2) there is a positive and significant contribution of coal exports to GDP and (3) natural gas has an insignificant negative contribution to GDP. These results indicate that Indonesian coal has a comparative and competitive advantage, and the opportunity to meet the international market remains wide open. In contrast to crude petroleum, crude petroleum exporting countries incorporated in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) limit the amount of production to maintain international price stability.

Fluctuations of Oil Prices and Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia

The main aim of the study was to find out the impact of fluctuations of oil prices on the economic progress measured using GDP of Indonesia. The research design was quantitative as the data collect is in numeric form. The data is collected from the secondary sources including World Bank and Fred St. Louis. A total of 10 years data was collected ranging from 2009 to 2018 based on monthly frequency. The analysis was conducted using ADF testing for stationarity, descriptive statistics and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is conducted in order to find the impact of fluctuations of oil prices on the Indonesian economic progress. It was found from the preliminary assessment that data of GDP index had unit root, therefore, ARDL model was opted. It was found that oil price volatility affected the economic progress of Indonesia positively in the short-run. It was also evaluated that GDP is significantly dependent on its lagged values. The research underpinned the case of Indonesia therefore this research is limited to the geographical bounds of Indonesia. Therefore, no other country has been assessed in this study and this provides direction for future research where other developing countries, for instance, Thailand, Malaysia, Pakistan or China. Provided this, the research in future can be further enhanced by incorporating control variables like exchange rate, inflation, interest rate.

Determinants of Regional Economic Growth in Indonesia

The research aims to analyze the effect of exchange rate, length of road, Human Development Index, regional expenditure, domestic investment, foreign investment, and total population on Gross Regional Domestic Product. The analysis used panel data estimation. Data were collected from Bank Indonesia and Statistics Indonesia (BPS) from 2010 to 2016. This research employed econometrics analysis in order to obtain the estimation result of the regional economic model in Indonesia that matched with statistics and economics theory criteria. After a series of econometric tests, the results showed that foreign investment, domestic investment, regional expenditure, exchange rate, Human Development Index, and length of road had a positive and significant effect on Regional Gross Domestic Product. Meanwhile, the total population had an insignificant effect on Regional Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia.