Design Of Grinding Machine Research Articles

Design of a compact grinding machine

The availability and cost of tools are among concerns to the public and industries as key operation device used either for commercial or maintenance purposes such precision grinders or polishing machines are usually expensive. Assorted grinding tools in the market differ in terms of cost, required user proficiency levels and have different tool designs that can lead to limitations of flatness of ground surface and significant vibrations with prolonged use. The aim of this study is to develop a design compact grinder that is able to perform precise grinding and polishing while being cost efficient. Both functionality and ergonomic aspects were taken into consideration with market standards derived from datasheets. An initial design of the grinding machine was made using SolidWorks CAD software. A prototype was subsequently constructed and tested by using typical metallurgical sample preparation process with test parameters of grade of grinding paper and usage of lubricant. Microscopic image of ground specimens showed improvement in the quality of grinding with emery paper grades from coarse to fine grits with lubricant during the grinding process. Moreover, the designed compact grinding machine showed better surface finish when compared to using a typical angle grinder on aluminium sample.

Rancang Bangun Mesin Penggiling Sekam Padi Menjadi Bahan Pakan Ternak (Dedak)

In the development of technology and industry, a lot of tools are made to make it easier to do work. In the farming sector, a lot of tools are needed to facilitate development in the farming sector. One of the tools needed is a machine to make animal feed. One of the ingredients for making animal feed is bran, bran produced from the process of milling rice husks. To produce bran, a tool that can crush rice husks into the form of flour is designed to make animal feed suitable, as well as make the shape of a portable grinding machine. In this design, data collection steps were carried out with literature studies and after that carried out experiments on the manufacture of rice husk grinding machines. In conducting the experiment, the concept of design, design, calculation, manufacture and testing of grinding machines was also carried out. The result of this design is the design of a grinding machine and a grinding machine that can smooth rice husks into flour and portable forms. The specifications of the rice husk grinding machine are a frame with a length of 580 mm, a width of 380 mm and a height of 995 mm. Drive source 7 HP petrol motor with belt pulley transmission. The speed of the grinding blade shaft can be changed by replacing the pulley on the driving motor so that it can determine the fineness of the bran and the speed of the grinding. As well as the filter on the milling section can be replaced in order to adjust to the required level of fineness.

Basis of Biomass Grinders Sustainable Designing

Abstract Grinding operations are one of the most commonly used preparation processes in many branches, for example in food, energy and chemical sectors. This paper focuses on the issues connected with design of technical objects in accordance with sustainable development assumptions. The aim of this study is to create methodology of sustainable design of grinding machine, including external influences involved in their operation, to increase safety, energy, economic and eco- efficiency. The problem formulated as a question: what techniques, equipment, methods, and ways should be used in design to obtain a new, better grinder structure? To resolve the problem, original methodology of sustainable design has been created.

Ultra-precision grinding machine design and application in grinding the thin-walled complex component with small ball-end diamond wheel

Complex structural components with small concave surfaces are widely needed in aerospace, optics, and electronic industry. On account of the interference between grinding wheel and workpiece and small concave surfaces, traditional grinding machine cannot realize the grinding process; hence, a specialized grinding machine tool with on-machine electric discharge truing function is needed. After analyzing the structural characteristics and processing requirements of the component, the kinematic chain and configuration were designed. The structure of the machine tool was divided into four function modules, and each module was designed, analyzed, and optimized, respectively. Then the finite element analysis (FEA) of the whole machine tool was conducted including static, modal, and harmonic response analysis to verify the performance of the machine and identify the weak links of the structure loop. The error model was established by screw theory to study the quantitative relationship between the static deformations and processing accuracy. Both finite element analysis and error model can provide guidance for further optimization. Finally, the performance of the machine tool was evaluated by the grinding and on-machine truing experiments, achieving the profile accuracy (PV) of 0.339 μm, surface roughness (Ra) of 50.2 nm, and the grinding wheel surface with diamonds distributing homogeneously. The results indicate that the developed machine tool can well satisfy the processing requirements of the component.

The Effects of Moisture Content and Loading Orientation on Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of “Tafo Hybrid” and “Amelonado” Cocoa Beans

The physical and mechanical properties of the newly released “Tafo Hybrid” and the traditional “Amelonado” cocoa varieties were studied. Quasi‐static uniaxial compressive loads were applied along the lateral and longitudinal axes of the beans after conditioning to moisture contents between 5 and 21% (wb). Moisture‐induced changes in the size of “Tafo Hybrid” (geometric mean diameter 13.085 mm) were statistically not significant (P > 0.05) while those of “Amelonado” (geometric mean diameter 12.884 mm) increased significantly (P = 0.004). The energy absorbed at rupture point increased quadratically from the average of 60–83 mJ as moisture increased from 5 to 21%. In consequence, the rupture force decreased linearly from the average of 136.89–48.58 N. Significantly greater force was required to rupture the beans in the lateral orientation (mean value 131.79 N) compared with the longitudinal loading (mean value 46.58 N). “Tafo Hybrid” cocoa beans possessed higher mechanical strength than “Amelonado.” The effects are discussed in relation to their compressive strength, compressive strain and the apparent modulus at rupture, which showed differential responses to moisture changes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The study is potentially useful for the design of handling and processing equipment for cocoa beans, especially the newly introduced “Tafo Hybrid” variety whose mechanical properties have not been evaluated. Knowledge of the physical and mechanical properties is particularly needed for the optimal design of grinding machines and determination of the corresponding energy expenditure under varying moisture conditions of the beans.

The Improved Design of Embedded CNC Milling Machine

The machining of complex shape workpiece embedded NC milling machine is suitable for all kinds of hard, brittle, thin products. This paper embedded CNC grinding machine design requirements, through the transmission gear, the workpiece clamping and buffering mechanism to improve the design, CNC system and abrasion resistant materials were optimized, so as to meet the requirements of high performance precision grinding machine.

The Grinding Head Design in Non-Circular Gear Grinding Teeth Based on the Planar Regions Interference Inspection

In the noncircular gear grinding methods using gear generator with form-grinding process, grinding headstock and workpiece may appear interference collision. The form-grinding radius selection problem based on the shaper has been discussed. Based on the designed grinding head, an effective form-grinding radius choose method and the head stock interference detection system has been established. This detection system is directly used in the grinder machining process; the solutions to the problems of both grinding head interference inspection and form-grinding radius selection in the grinding machine design process are introduced. In this paper, we briefly introduced the process for the design of inspection system and the relative algorithm of the method. Finally, The Program flow chart of the program design and implementation process was given and actual example of an outside triangle gear machining results is given, which validates the reliability of the system.

Improvements in Centreless Grinding Machine Design

In order to investigate the effects of a high mount frequency and the stiffness requirements in the centreless grinding process, a now research oriented machine tool has been designed and developed. Compared with a conventional machine of comparable size it has a very much higher static stiffness and a first resonant frequency of 500 Hz. The grinding results suggest that future centreless grinding machines should be designed to achieve a high first resonant frequency to minimise forced vibrations. However, for some grinding operations it may be beneficial to continue to utilise a compliant rubber bonded control wheel to provide adequate static compliance and hence avoid exaggeration of the geometric regenerative effect. A combination of a moderate degree of static compliance and a high first resonant frequency was found to jive the best overall results. It was also shown that there is an optimal range of rotational work-speeds for minimum roundness errors. This range was related to the grinding wheel rotational speed by the ratio Ng/Hw. The optimal speed ratio range for the new stiff machine was 2 to 13 whereas for a conventional machine the range was 6 to 9 for otherwise similar grinding conditions.

Design of Precision Grinding Machines

In this paper are put forward the basic principles under which all grinding machines, irrespective of size or type, must be constructed. The chief problems facing the designer of precision grinding machines are discussed, together with the essential elements and physical components. The choice of solutions which seem to offer the most promising future developments is suggested. The factors affecting the design of grinding machines—cost, ease of maintenance, and the influence of the user—and the essential elements—rigidity, accuracy, and constancy, are discussed. Mechanical and hydraulic traverse mechanisms are compared and a brief description is given of a typical hydraulic system. Although mechanical methods of traverse have been giving way to hydraulic systems, the author considers that with the improved electrical control gear available there may be a reversion to mechanical traverse mechanisms on account of their simplicity and reliability. The influences of the wheel-head and wheel-head spindles are discussed. The two lines of approach that wheel-head design and wheel-head speeds will follow during the next few years is suggested. Work-head and work-head drive arrangements are described; followed by the main features of universal machines and machines arranged for automatic operation. Finally, methods and mechanisms are described for obtaining concave and convex camber with roll-grinding machines.