Pixel Grid Research Articles

Prediction analysis of landslide displacement trajectory based on the gradient descent method with multisource remote sensing observations

Landslides can result in extensive casualties and huge economic losses. The accurate discrimination of the main slip direction and deformation trajectory is an important prerequisite for studying landslide formation mechanisms and designing landslide control schemes. In the process of landslide evolution over time, the main slip direction also changes dynamically and provides a comprehensive reflection of the landslide displacement state. However, few studies on this topic have been published. In this paper, a new methodology for analyzing slope stability is proposed based on three techniques: interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR). The Small Baseline Subset Interferometric SAR (SBAS-InSAR) technique is combined with an overall analysis of the study area to identify the regions of interest (ROIs) with large deformation and the starting target points, and the fusion results of radar deformation data (RDD) and digital surface model (DSM) data are used to fit the deformation surface field of the ROIs. The gradient descent approach is executed to obtain the running trajectory points of the target masses so that the main slip direction and displacement trajectory in the study area can be predicted at small scales. The measured data for the Hongshiyan landslide in Yunnan Province are used to verify the effectiveness of the method, and the predicted results are consistent with the actual landslide direction. The experimental results show that the method can exactly identify the deformation area, especially in the case of a fast-changing deformation trend. This approach can provide more accurate monitoring area results to support the rapid control and prevention of landslide hazards by analyzing the minimum pixel grid (i.e. points), as the smallest spatial unit at a time interval of minutes. The study shows that the method can efficiently combine space–Earth multisource monitoring data to clarify the main slide direction and improve the postslide trajectory prediction of the slope, which is beneficial for assessing disaster risks and improving landslide prevention and control effects, reflecting the engineering application value of the approach.

A Robust Computer-Aided Automated Brain Tumor Diagnosis Approach Using PSO-ReliefF Optimized Gaussian and Non-Linear Feature Space.

Brain tumors are among the deadliest diseases in the modern world. This study proposes an optimized machine-learning approach for the detection and identification of the type of brain tumor (glioma, meningioma, or pituitary tumor) in brain images recorded using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Gaussian features of the image are extracted using speed-up robust features (SURF), whereas its non-linear features are obtained using KAZE, owing to their high performance against rotation, scaling, and noise problems. To retrieve local-level information, all brain MRI images are segmented into an 8 × 8 pixel grid. To enhance the accuracy and reduce the computational time, the variance-based k-means clustering and PSO-ReliefF algorithms are employed to eliminate the redundant features of the brain MRI images. Finally, the performance of the proposed hybrid optimized feature vector is evaluated using various machine learning classifiers. An accuracy of 96.30% is obtained with 169 features using a support vector machine (SVM). Furthermore, the computational time is also reduced to 1 min compared to the non-optimized features used for training of the SVM. The findings are also compared with previous research, demonstrating that the suggested approach might assist physicians and doctors in the timely detection of brain tumors.

Characterization of the Microlensed Hyperspectral Imager prototype

Context. The Microlensed Hyperspectral Imager (MiHI) prototype is an integral field spectrograph based on a double-sided microlens array (MLA), installed as an extension to the TRIPPEL spectrograph at the Swedish Solar Telescope (SST).Aims. Due to the mixing of spatial and spectral information in the focal plane, the data are mapped in an interleaved way onto the image sensor. Mapping the information back into its original spatial and spectral dimensions renders the data reduction more complex than usual, and requires the development of a new reduction procedure.Methods. The mapping of the data onto the detector is calculated using a simplified model of the image formation process. Since the moiré fringes that are formed due to the interference of the pixel grid and the MLA grid are a natural consequence of this formation process, the extraction of the data using such a model should eliminate them from the data cubes, thereby eliminating the principal source of instrumentally induced artifacts. In addition, any change in the model caused by small movements of the raw image on the detector can be fitted and included in the model.Results. An effective model of the instrument was fitted using a combination of the numerical results obtained for the propagation of light through an ideal dual microlens system, complemented with an ad hoc fit of the optical performance of the instrument and the individual elements in the MLA. The model includes individual fits for the position, focus, focus gradient, coma, and a few high-order symmetric modes, which are required to account for the spectral crosstalk within each image row. The model is able to accurately reproduce the raw flat-field data from a hyperspectral cube that is virtually free of moiré fringes, and it represents a critical first step in a new hyperspectral data reduction procedure.

Point-by-point visual enhancement with spatially and spectrally tunable laser illumination.

Vision is responsible for most of the information that humans perceive of the surrounding world. Many studies attempt to enhance the visualization of the entire scene by optimizing and tuning the overall illumination spectrum. However, by using a spatially uniform illumination spectrum for the entire scene, only certain global color shifts with respect to a reference illumination spectrum can be realized, resulting in moderate visual enhancement. In this paper, a new visual enhancement method is presented that relies on a spatially variable illumination spectrum. Such an approach can target much more dedicated visual enhancements by optimizing the incident illumination spectrum to the surface reflectance at each position. First, a geometric calibration of the projector-camera system is carried out for determining the spatial mapping from the projected pixel grid to the imaged pixel grid. Secondly, the scene is segmented for implementing the visual enhancement approach. And finally, one of three visual enhancement scenarios is applied by projecting the required color image onto the considered segmented scene. The experimental results show that the visual salience of the scene or region of interest can be efficiently enhanced when our proposed method is applied to achieve colorfulness enhancement, hue tuning, and background lightness reduction.

Assessing an Image-to-Image Approach to Global Path Planning for a Planetary Exploration

This work considers global path planning enabled by generative adversarial networks (GANs) on a 2D grid world. These networks can learn statistical relationships between obstacles, goals, states, and paths. Given a previously unseen combination of obstacles, goals, and an initial state, they can be asked to guess what a new path would look like. We performed experiments on a 64 × 64 pixel grid that generated a training set by using randomly positioned obstacles and goals. The heuristic search algorithm A* was used to create training paths due to its significant presence in the literature and ease of implementation. We experimented with architectural elements and hyperparameters, converging to a pix2pix-based architecture in which the generator was trained to generate plausible paths given obstacles and two points. A discriminator tried to determine whether these maps were real or fake. Additionally, we defined a qualitative path-generation “success rate” metric derived from the Fréchet inception distance (FID) and optimized our architecture’s parameters, ultimately reaching a 74% success rate on the validation set. Furthermore, we discuss the applicability of this approach to safety-critical settings, concluding that this architecture’s performance and reliability are insufficient to offset the downsides of a black-box approach to path generation.

Diversity and conservation of endemic true bugs for four family groups in China

AbstractAimProtected areas (PAs) in China have typically been designed by considering one or several focal taxa (e.g., relict plant and vertebrate species), but the effectiveness of these “protective umbrellas” in safeguarding insects remains unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the distribution and diversity of endemic true bugs for four family groups (i.e., Miridae, Lygaeoidea, Pentatomidae, and Reduviidae) in China, the environmental factors shaping these diversity patterns, and the effectiveness of China's PAs in safeguarding their diversity.LocationChina.MethodsWe mapped the spatial distributions of 1028 endemic true bugs in China using stacked species distribution models and pixel grids of observed points. The environmental factors that influence diversity patterns across China were explored by generalized linear models and random forest models. The effectiveness of PAs in safeguarding species distributions was evaluated by the Zonation platform.Main resultsWe found that most (84.9%) diversity hotspots for total species were located in mountainous areas of southern China. Additionally, the diversity patterns are shaped by the combined effects of different environmental factors, with the minimum temperature of the coldest month, annual precipitation, and elevation showing the strongest effects. On average, Chinese PAs covered 10.2% of the distribution areas of these endemic true bugs.Main conclusionsIn general, our research identifies the important roles of mountainous areas in southern China in maintaining species diversity. Moreover, our research also suggests that PAs in China could not provide sufficient protection for this diversity. Protecting these endemic true bugs diversity should be valued more in mountainous areas of southern China.

Detection of sub-healthy apples with moldy core using deep-shallow learning for vibro-acoustic multi-domain features

The apples with early moldy-core symptoms are in the sub-healthy status and still keep commodity value. The accurate recognition of sub-healthy fruit with moldy core is a valuable and challenging task for the apple industry. In this study, the well-trained IResNet50 network was used as a feature extractor to automatically mine the sensitive features from pixel grid images for time and frequency domains, and the time-frequency images. The extracted multi-domain deep features were fused by adaptive weighting and then fed into two shallow machine learning algorithms including support vector machine (SVM) and extreme learning machine (ELM) for classification. The parameters of SVM and ELM classifiers were optimized by a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). The constructed IResNet50-PSO-ELM hybrid model achieved the overall classification accuracy of 96.7 %, and the recall value of 100 % for healthy fruit, 94.1 % for sub-healthy fruit, 96.2 % for diseased fruit. Also, the F1 values of the IResNet50-PSO-ELM hybrid model were over 95 % for the three-class classification. A comparison with existing studies demonstrated the potential of the proposed method for detecting the sub-healthy apples with moldy core.

Ultrasonic phased array phase shift migration imaging of irregular surface components using attenuation compensation and anti-aliasing technique

Extended non-stationary phase shift migration (ENPSM) is a promising imaging algorithm for ultrasonic phased array testing of components with irregular surfaces. In this paper, ENPSM is developed further by combining attenuation compensation (AC) with an anti-aliasing (AA) technique, in an approach called AC-AA-ENPSM, to address the negative effects of attenuation during ultrasonic wave propagation in metals and of jagged medium interface determined by traditional rectangular window. The attenuation term in AC-AA-ENPSM is measured by immersion testing with referenced samples. An anti-aliasing technique is used to smooth the spatial velocity distribution based on the weights of different velocities on a pixel grid. Experiments are performed on objects with irregular surfaces, varying attenuation characteristics and side-drilled hole (SDH) defects. A comparison of the results shows that the proposed AC-AA-ENPSM algorithm has the advantage of a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than traditional ENPSM. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has a computational efficiency at least 40 times higher than the total Focusing Method (TFM) algorithm, and the SNR difference of them is less than 2 dB.

Development of Optical Tomography System Based on Fan-Beam Lasers

The sensor configuration and the sensitivity matrix are two key factors for the optical tomography system. In this work, these two factors are investigated to develop an optical tomography system. First, different sensor configurations are investigated, and their reconstruction performance is estimated. The regular configuration with 25 laser emitters and 25 detectors is selected due to its high reconstruction accuracy and simple structure. Meanwhile, the influence of the pixel grid on the reconstruction performance is also considered. Simulation results indicate that the pixel grid of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50\times50$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is appropriate when the diameter of the region of interest (ROI) is 100 mm, while a denser grid will deteriorate the performance. A practical tomography system is developed based on the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$25\times25$ </tex-math></inline-formula> configuration with fan-beam laser diodes and plastic fibers as light detectors. The reconstruction experiments are implemented based on the suggested <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50\times50$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pixel grid. Experimental results verify that the effectiveness of the developed system and different distributions can be clearly reconstructed.

Metasurface Superstrate Beam Steering Antenna with AMC for 5G/WiMAX/WLAN Applications

A beam-steering antenna based on non-uniform metasurface superstrate and artificial magnetic conductor (AMC), operating at 3.5 GHz, is proposed. The antenna can steer the beam along θ = −18° and 18° with the superstrate and along θ = 0° in the absence of the superstrate with almost zero scan loss. The proposed antenna structure consists of a top layer of non-uniform metasurface superstrate made of a 20 × 20 grid of electrically-small square-shaped metallic pixels while the bottom part consists of AMC with a grid of 5 × 5 pixels. The radiating element, CPW-fed monopole antenna, is placed between AMC and superstrate. The fabricated prototype shows desired beam steering in directions of θ = −18°, 0°, and 18° while maintaining uniform realized gain of 5.5 dBi and matching well with simulations.

Rotation Grids for Improved Electrical Properties of Inkjet-Printed Strain Gauges.

We report an image data driven approach for inkjet printing (IJP) to improve the electrical properties of printed metallic strain gauges (SGs). The examined SGs contain narrow conducting paths of multiple orientations and therefore suffer from two challenges: 1. The printing direction of inkjet printed conducting paths has an impact on film formation and electrical properties. 2. A loss-free rotation algorithm for IJP image data is lacking. New ways of IJP image data processing are required to compensate for quality-reducing effects. Novel grid types in terms of loss-free rotation algorithms are introduced. For this purpose, a new grid (e.g., 45° tilted) with a different grid constant is placed over a given pixel grid in such a way that all cell centers of the given pixel grid can be transferred to the rotated grid. Via straightening the tilt, the image data is rotated without interpolation and information loss. By applying these methods to measurement gratings of a full bridge with two perpendicular grating orientations, the influence on the manufacturing quality is investigated. It turns out that the electrical detuning of full bridges can be reduced by one order of magnitude compared to state-of-the-art printing by using so-called diagonal rotation grids.

Ecological function regionalization of the core area of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal based on the leading ecological function perspective

The establishment of scientific and reasonable ecological function regionalization (EFR) plays an important role in giving full play to regional advantages and realizing the benign development of resource exploitation, ecological construction, and environmental protection. However, the existing EFR lacks the identification ability for the leading functions among various ecological functions, and it is difficult to determine the regional ecological advantages, which may hinder the practical application of EFR in ecological environment zoning management. In view of this, we propose a new leading ecological function (LEF) index and the corresponding calculation method to describe the main regional ecosystem services and functions; its application in EFR could enhance the regional spatial guidance effect. We took the Core Area of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (CA-BHGC) in China as the study area and used the maximum value composite (MVC) method to identify the LEFs of acquired grid pixels. Furthermore, the LEFs of grid pixels were applied to county-level administrative regions to complete the EFR process. Based on the results, in the CA-BHGC, although the spatial distribution of ecological function values was extremely uneven, the contribution rate of the LEF of grid pixels to the comprehensive ecological function value was usually more than 50%, reliably representing the advantageous ecological functions of grid pixels. The LEFs of the CA-BHGC included biodiversity maintenance, food production, and water retention, with grid proportions of 51.64%, 41.04%, and 6.93%, respectively, highlighting the global ecological resource advantages. The functional areas designated based on LEFs showed a good spatial correlation with the natural geographical environment. The seven biodiversity maintenance areas were mostly located at the river confluence; the two water retention areas were in the south of the Qinling-Huaihe River Line, and the six food production areas were in the central plain. In addition, the EFR process comprehensively considered the LEFs, river reaches, and provincial divisions, and it might be easier to coordinate various conflicts of interest, including economic development and ecological protection, cross-administrative regions, and adjacent functional areas.

Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis.

White blood cells (WBCs) are the important constituent of a blood cell. These blood cells are responsible for defending the body against infections. Abnormalities identified in WBC smears lead to the diagnosis of disease types such as leukocytosis, hepatitis, and immune system disorders. Digital image analysis for infection detection at an early stage can help fast and precise diagnosis, as compared to manual inspection. Sometimes, acquired blood cell smear images from an L2-type microscope are of very low quality. The manual handling, haziness, and dark areas of the image become problematic for an efficient and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, WBC image enhancement needs attention for an effective diagnosis of the disease. This paper proposed a novel virtual hexagonal trellis (VHT)-based image filtering method for WBC image enhancement and contrast adjustment. In this method, a filter named the virtual hexagonal filter (VHF), of size 3 × 3, and based on a hexagonal structure, is formulated by using the concept of the interpolation of real and square grid pixels. This filter is convolved with WBC ALL-IBD images for enhancement and contrast adjustment. The proposed filter improves the results both visually and statically. A comparison with existing image enhancement approaches proves the validity of the proposed work.

Lagrangian Motion Magnification with Landmark-Prior and Sparse PCA for Facial Microexpressions and Micromovements.

Video motion magnification methods are motion visualization techniques that aim to magnify subtle and imper-ceptibly small motions in videos. They fall into two main groups where Eulerian methods work on the pixel grid with implicit motion information and Lagrangian methods use explicitly estimated motion and modify point trajectories. The motion in high framerate videos of faces can contain a wide variety of information that ranges from microexpressions over pulse or respiratory rate to cues on speech and affective state. In his work, we propose a novel strategy for Lagrangian motion magnification that integrates landmark information from the face as well as an approach to decompose facial motions in an unsupervised manner using sparse PCA. We decompose the estimated displacements into different movement components that are subsequently amplified selectively. We propose two approaches: A landmark-based decomposition into global and local movements and a decomposition into multiple coherent motion components based on sparse PCA. Optical flow estimation is performed using a state-of-the-art deep learning-based method that we retrain on a microexpression database. Clinical relevance- This method could be applied to the annotation and analysis of micromovements for neurocognitive assessment and even novel, medical applications where micro-motions of the face might play a role.

Simulating Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Images of Arbitrarily Shaped Reactive Sites without a Site-Specific Model

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) yields two-dimensional electrochemical images when the current at a microelectrode is recorded as it moves above a surface generating redox species. As SECM images are often systematically compared to microstructure features obtained by electron microscopy there is a clear need to find ways to integrate electron microscopy images into SECM image simulations.Recently, finite element method simulations of sites where electrochemical reactions take place is employed to evaluate reactive feature size.[1] Current models move the microelectrode or the reacting surface, continuously changing the geometry of the simulation and thus requiring re-meshing, which increases the computation time.We present a modeling approach by which SECM images of arbitrarily-shaped reactive sites can be simulated using a grid of pixels that can be turned ‘on’ and ‘off’ using COMSOL® multiphysics. Specifically, COMSOL®’s Java API is used to change the selection of pixels that are turned ‘on’ to simulate the movement of the electrode without changing the geometry of the simulation. The mesh can be re-used for each data-point in the image, dramatically reducing the time needed to simulate SECM images. This work also presents a mostly automated workflow for using an electron microscopy image of a reactive site to determine which pixels should be turned ‘on’ and fitting the kinetics at these pixels by simulating their SECM image.[1] L. I. Stephens, N. A. Payne, S. A. Skaanvik, D. Polcari, M. Geissler, J. Mauzeroll, Evaluating the Use of Edge Detection in Extracting Feature Size from Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Images. Analytical Chemistry 2019, 91, 3944-3950.

Spatial Variability of In Situ Above-Water Reflectance in Coastal Dynamic Waters: Implications for Satellite Match-Up Analysis

The validation of ocean color satellite retrievals generally relies on analyzing match-ups between in situ measurements and satellite retrievals. These analyses focus on the quality of the satellite data, however, of the same importance is the quality of the in situ data. Here, we present the spatial variability of in situ above-water reflectance (Rrs(0+)) within the spatial resolution of different ocean color satellites—300, 900, 1500, and 3000 m spatial resolutions, mimicking Sentinel 3 OLCI and MODIS-Aqua satellites, and possible 3 × 3 and 5 × 5 windows. Radiometric data was acquired with autonomous radiometric sensors installed in the British Columbia Ferry Services Inc. vessel “Queen of Alberni” from May to September 2019, crossing the optically dynamic waters of the Strait of Georgia, Canada. The dataset followed optimal geometry of acquisition and processing, including corrections for skylight radiance signals, ship superstructure, the non-isotropic distribution of the water-leaving radiances, and quality control. A total of 33,073 spectra at full resolution, corresponding to 10 days, were considered for the analysis presented here. The results showed that, overall, the subpixel variability increased as the spatial resolution of the sensor or the window size increased, mainly in a linear fashion. Specifically, spatial variability of Rrs(0+) was the largest (∼18% and 68% for 900 and 3000 m pixel resolution, respectively) in Near Field Plume Interface waters, followed by in the Ocean Water Interface (∼28% and 35%, respectively), thus indicating spatial heterogeneity of interface waters. Further, we found that the estuarine waters showed higher subpixel Rrs(0+) variability (∼8% and 16% for 900 and 3000 m, respectively) compared with plume and oceanic waters. We showed that the high spatial variability in Rrs(0+) was primarily associated with the spatial dynamics of the optical water constituents, thus limiting the use of these datasets as Fiducial Reference Measurements and for validation of satellite-derived atmospherically corrected reflectance. We suggest that spatial variability of the in situ Rrs(0+) should also be considered in the selection criteria for good match-up data, especially for data acquired in coastal dynamic systems. As a result, it will advocate for the exclusion of interface or transition water pixel grids in order to avoid compromising the statistical result of satellite validation.

Human Behaviour Detection by Reading Facial Expression

Abstract: There are many way to by which human being communicate with each other verbal, sign language or facial expression are one of them. Here we propose artificial intelligence based facial expression detection system by which we can detect behaviour of human being by computer system. Facial expression detection have lot of real life applications including computer to human interaction, Human behaviour reorganisation, cognitive study, emotion analysis, personality development etc. Here we set a study which uses a new technique for facial expressions using single frame uses combination of vector and geometrical feature based classification method Generally to study human face the image of face is divided into small grid of pixels . In this Study we have divided whole face into sub region of local regions. This technique acquire most important sub regions of the domain and start collecting most important sub regions incrementally which enhance accuracy and speed. The consequences of looks acknowledgment utilizing highlights from space explicit locations , likewise contrasted and the outcomes acquired utilizing all encompassing portrayal. The presentation of the proposed look acknowledgment framework has been approved on openly accessible expanded Cohn-Kanade (CK+) look informational collections.

INTRODUCING THE GLOBAL MAPPING OF FLOOD DYNAMICS USING GNSS-REFLECTOMETRY AND THE CYGNSS MISSION

Abstract. This study uses the observations from the Cyclone GNSS (CYGNSS) mission to analyze their potential for a global mapping of the floods dynamics in the pan-tropical area using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Reflectometry (GNSS-R). We base our analysis on the coherent reflectivity derived from CYGNSS observations. We show that the CYGNSS mission configuration allows a gridding at a spatial resolution of 0.1° (∼11 km at the equator), with a time sampling of 1 week. We calculate the average and standard deviation values of reflectivity in the grid pixels at each time step. A Gaussian weighted window of one month is used to fill the gaps which appear in the time series due to the pseudo-random sampling of CYGNSS observations. The maps of these two parameters are then compared to elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model (DEM), to Land Cover information from the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI), and to a reference set of static inundation maps. We observe a strong correspondence between CYGNSS reflectivity-based parameters, and the percentage of flooded areas established in the literature. The detection of the major floodplains, irrigated crops, open water areas, and the hydrological network using CYGNSS data is clear. We observe some limitations over the areas with high elevation – due to the CYGNSS mission specificities – and over the most densely vegetated areas. At some point it could prevent the correct extraction of flood patterns. For a future complete CYGNSS-based flood product, the integration of ancillary data describing the major role of land cover, biomass and topography on the GNSS-R returned signals should be necessary to extract the correct features of water cycle.

Bilateral K-Means for Superpixel Computation (the SLIC Method)

As a substitute to a full segmentation of a digital image, or as preprocessing to a segmentation algorithm, superpixels provide an over-segmentation that offers several benefits: good adherence to edges, uniformity of color inside superpixels, a richer adjacency structure than the regular grid of pixels, and the fact that each node of the graph of superpixels has a shape, which can be used in subsequent processing. Moreover, their evaluation is less subjective than a full segmentation, which somehow always involves a semantic interpretation of the scene. The SLIC method (Simple Linear Iterative Clustering) has been a very popular algorithm to compute superpixels since its introduction. Its advantage is due to its simplicity and to its computing time performance. In essence, it consists in a K-means clustering in bilateral domain, involving both position and color. We study in detail this algorithm and propose a fast, simple post-processing that ensures that superpixels are connected, a property not ensured by the original method.

Polarimetric analysis of cross-talk phenomena induced by the pixelation in PA-LCoS devices

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) microdisplays are an element commonly found in advanced photonic applications. Phase-only modulation and spatial light modulators (SLMs) use parallel-aligned LCoS (PA-LCoS) microdisplays due to their large resolution and small pixel size. However, the crosstalk between neighbouring pixels induces several phenomena, i.e. the smoothing of the electric field in the interpixel region known as fringing fields, out-of-plane reorientation of the liquid crystal director, and diffraction effects due to the finite pixel grid pattern. These effects degrade the performance in SLM applications. Therefore, a rigorous numerical analysis is carried out based on a full 3D model that estimates the LC director distribution of the PA-LCoS microdisplay through uniform applied voltages. Once the LC director distribution is known, a numerical finite-difference scheme simulates light propagation across the structure. Here, the impact of crosstalk is analysed from the polarimetric point of view for different pixel and interpixel sizes. It has been found that the finite-patterned pixel scheme induces the phenomena previously addressed, degrading the responses of the Stokes vector components S0, and S1 and also the degree of polarization (DOP). Furthermore, the impact over these parameters is generally inversely proportional to the fill factor. To isolate the influence of diffraction, out-of-plane, and fringing fields effects is challenging since all phenomena are mixed in both time and space, however we have found some useful trends.