Grey Comprehensive Evaluation Research Articles

A Framework for Construction-related Risks by integrating the Fuzzy Grey Comprehensive Evaluation Method (FGCE)

There are five basic phases for construction projects: planning, design, tendering, construction and maintenance. The risks of each phase have an impact on time, cost, and quality. In this paper, the tendering phase of the residential complex project was investigated as a case study, and the creation of a fuzzy and grey correlation analysis model was examined using a fuzzy theory and a grey correlation theory to dispel the professional judgment around the project phase. Creating a comparison and a reference matrix based on grey theory and/by examining factors and their impact on duration, cost, and quality separately, gives the construction investors a scientific, direct, flexible, and adaptable technique to assess project risks. The described method categorized the tendering phase risk based on the three project determinants: duration, cost, and quality. The correlation degree is greater than 0.5, hence construction project duration risk is almost nonexistent. The project investor must also investigate risk assumption, reduction, diversion, and evasion tactics to handle cost and quality risks, which are between 0.2 and 0.5. This suggests that tender phase issues do not affect project length but do affect cost and quality, requiring attention and action.

Optimizing the performance of TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt using improved response surface methodology

Abstract A composite-modified asphalt was developed by incorporating tire pyrolytic carbon black (TPCB) with a silane coupling agent (SCA) to enhance its ductility and storage stability. The functional binding between asphalt and TPCB was improved by the addition of SCA. The gray correlation comprehensive evaluation method is incorporated into the response surface methodology (RSM), leading to an improved RSM. The improved RSM was employed to optimize the content of the modifier and the preparation process to enhance overall performance. A central composite design-based experiment was conducted to optimize the penetration, softening point, 10°C ductility, Brookfield rotational viscosity, and storage stability indicators of modified asphalt. The response surface of the gray comprehensive evaluation value of the evaluation indicators was calculated using the gray correlation analysis method, and a second-order regression model was established between independent variables such as TPCB, SCA content, and shear time factor and the gray comprehensive evaluation value. This model analyzed the impact of a single variable and variable interaction on the performance of the TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt. The optimized model results showed that the preparation parameters that optimize the expected comprehensive performance of the composite-modified asphalt are 9.2% TPCB content, 2.1% SCA content, and a shear time of 56.3 min. Finally, the TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt prepared with the improved RSM exhibited the highest gray comprehensive evaluation value and the best overall performance, indicating the feasibility of the optimized preparation parameters with the improved RSM.

Grey comprehensive evaluation of development performance of provinces in China based on spatiotemporal probability function and variable weight strategy

In the new stage of promoting high-quality economic development, the effect of the transformation of development momentum and the ability of sustainable development has become the key factors for the competitiveness of provinces in China. Especially in the context of the impact of COVID-19 and the obstacles of world trade protectionism, the sustainability of development performance is increasingly important. In the past, when evaluating the development performance of various provinces in China, a single index weight was usually used. In view of evaluation criteria, the lack of consideration of regional differentiation factors would result in the evaluation results deviating from reality. This paper introduces the entropy weight method to determine the weight of regional indicators of differentiated development. Based on the space-time probability function, a grey clustering evaluation model of regional development performance is constructed to conduct a comprehensive grey evaluation of the development performance of various provinces in China from 2009 to 2019. It is found that the new evaluation model can correct the deficiencies of similar probability functions and single index weight and obtain more accurate evaluation results. It’s found that the development performance evaluation results of each province are always in a dynamic adjustment process, which needs to be verified with the help of subsequent expansion analysis.

Design of an integrated evaluation system for innovative education in colleges and universities based on the gray comprehensive evaluation method

Abstract This paper uses hierarchical analysis and gray comprehensive evaluation to quantitatively evaluate the level of integration of innovation education in colleges and universities, and for this purpose, the evaluation system is first designed. The B/S structure model is employed to construct the system, which is divided into seven modules. Within the evaluation module, the evaluation index system is first constructed, combined with questionnaires and other means, the weights are calculated using the hierarchical analysis method, and then the level of innovative education in colleges and universities is quantitatively evaluated using the gray comprehensive evaluation algorithm. Three schools were tested for empirical analysis after the system design was completed. The trial situation of each school shows that the indicators of publicity report and achievement transformation each have 20%~40% poor evaluations, in addition to the indicators of grade ranking and the status of relatives’ business enterprises have 40% very poor evaluations. The innovation and entrepreneurship competition in the ‘process quality’ competition received a score of approximately 62 points, which is generally low. The average score for ‘quality of results’ is typically lower than 70, with a lower average score for ‘innovation and entrepreneurship’ at 63.95 points. The system is functioning well and able to examine the challenges in the school’s innovation education.

Evaluation model for modular children's wooden storage cabinet design

The design evaluation method of furniture products was explored for modular children’s wooden storage cabinets. An evaluation model consisting of the Kano model, hierarchical analysis, and grey relational analysis is proposed. A 25-member panel of experts was involved in the development of the evaluation guidelines and the scoring of the program. The expert group used the KJ method to obtain evaluation guidelines for modular children’s wooden furniture that met the requirements of the hierarchical analysis method and screened the functional indicators through 103 validated questionnaires for the Kano model. The evaluation guidelines of modularized children’s wooden storage cabinets were thus obtained, which are both comprehensive and targeted. Then, hierarchical analysis and grey relational analysis were combined to select the solution with the highest grey weighted correlation result as the best solution. The feasibility of the grey comprehensive evaluation method, which combines subjective preference and objective empowerment, in the field of furniture was confirmed through the practice of selecting the best of the three modular children’s wooden storage cabinet design solutions, and the evaluation preference of the modular children’s wooden storage cabinet was uncovered. The design model provides an innovative evaluation tool for children’s furniture manufacturers to optimize their sales strategies.

A study of investment decision behavior based on risk analysis

Abstract Risk analysis of investment decision-making behavior is to improve the ability to prevent investment risks in order to guarantee the success rate of investment decisions. In this paper, the risk evaluation level is determined by calculating the correlation degree of risk indicators through the establishment of the material topology matrix, and the gray evaluation coefficients are determined by using the gray correlation analysis of the whitening weight function to construct the gray evaluation model. The risk index factors and the overall gray evaluation were analyzed by using the material topology model and the gray evaluation model. From the physical topology evaluation, the market risk correlation is −0.00825, which means the special level risk. From the grey comprehensive evaluation score, the overall evaluation score is 6.884 overall risk level is medium grade line. This shows that using the model constructed in this paper can effectively realize the risk analysis of investment decisions and provide a guidance basis for investors to take effective measures for different types of risks.

Training Quality Evaluation of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents for Smart Tourism

The smart tourism industry is developing at an incredible pace and has posed requirements for persons with related skills and talents, especially those with creative thinking, innovation ability, and entrepreneur quality. The training quality evaluation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents could provide guidance for the decision-making of higher educational institutions and enterprises so that proper adjustments can be made to current education system and curriculum setting. However, little existing research has addressed this issue, so this study attempts to develop a method for evaluating the training quality of innovative and entrepreneurial talent responding to the requirements of smart tourism. The quality control of innovative and entrepreneurial talents for the smart tourism industry is discussed to ensure that the evaluation criteria can be implemented during the training process, then an evaluation index system (EIS) is created with weight values assigned to each index by the entropy method, and the gray comprehensive evaluation method is employed for the said evaluation task. Finally, linear regression and other experiments are carried out to prove the scientific validity of the proposed method. Research conclusions attained in this study provide useful evidence for optimizing the training strategies of innovative and entrepreneurial talents.

Construction of A Light Pollution Evaluation System Based on Subjective and Objective Integration Empowerment

To address light pollution, this study presents an evaluation model designed to precisely quantify the extent of light pollution at a given location. The proposed model utilizes the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method (AHP-EWM) to conduct a combined weighted analysis of relevant indicators. Additionally, the Grey Comprehensive Evaluation Model (GCEM) is introduced to establish a broadly applicable measurement system. To demonstrate the model's effectiveness, it is applied to specific cities, with comprehensive explanations provided.

Application maturity evaluation of building steel structure welding robotic technology based on multi-level gray theory

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish a maturity evaluation model for the application of construction steel structure welding robotics suitable for the actual situation and specific characteristics of engineering projects in China and then to assess the maturity level of the technology in the application of domestic engineering projects more scientifically.Design/methodology/approachThe research follows a qualitative and quantitative analysis method. In the first stage, the structure of the maturity model is constructed and the evaluation index system is designed by using the ideas of the capability maturity model and WSR methodology for reference. In the second stage, the design of the evaluation process and the selection of evaluation methods (analytic hierarchy process method, multi-level gray comprehensive evaluation method). In the third stage, the data are collected and organized (preparation of questionnaires, distribution of questionnaires, questionnaire collection). In the fourth stage, the established maturity evaluation model is used to analyze the data.FindingsThe evaluation model established by using multi-level gray theory can effectively transform various complex indicators into an intuitive maturity level or score status. The conclusion shows that the application maturity of building steel structure welding robot technology in this project is at the development level as a whole. The maturity levels of “WuLi – ShiLi – RenLi” are respectively: development level, development level, between starting level and development level. Comparison of maturity evaluation values of five important factors (from high to low): environmental factors, technical factors, management factors, benefit factors, personnel and group factors.Originality/valueIn this paper, based on the existing research related to construction steel structure welding robot technology, a quantitative and holistic evaluation of the application of construction steel structure welding robot technology in domestic engineering projects is conducted for the first time from a project perspective by designing a maturity evaluation index system and establishing a maturity evaluation model. This research will help the project team to evaluate the application level (maturity) of the welding robot in the actual project, identify the shortcomings and defects of the application of this technology, then improve the weak links pertinently, and finally realize the gradual improvement of the overall application level of welding robot technology for building steel structure.

Optimizing the safety of residential quarters in China's compact cities: A safety systems engineering approach

Choosing a place to live demands critical consideration of economic, social, transport and preferred lifestyle factors. Internal and external safety risks that may jeopardize people's safety and incur losses of life and property are besetting some residential quarters. This study aimed to establish an optimal safety system for China's compact cities by evaluating the risk factors comprehensively and proposing targeted measures to improve safety. Based on the current research and safety accident data, a model of the human-machine-environment system was developed for residential quarters. Fault Tree Analysis was used to identify the risk factors. The optimal safety system was constructed using System Dynamics to provide theoretical guidance to bring improvement. A case study was enlisted to generate empirical results to validate the proposed system. Qualitative analysis using geographic information system software and quantitative analysis using Grey Comprehensive Evaluation rating based on the entropy weight method yielded a score of 0.70 out of 1.00. Equivalent to the good level, the results confirmed the fulfillment of safety requirements with room for optimization by applying the new system. Analysis of weaknesses was accompanied by specific recommendations to remedy shortcomings and refine practices. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing a broad range of risk factors and employing IT and quantitative techniques to develop a feasible and practical safety system for residential quarters. The findings enhance the understanding of risk control in residential quarters, provide a systematic method to assess management efficacy, and inform the authorities to optimize safety management.

Optimizing the evaluation model of green building management based on the concept of urban ecology and environment

Eco-city and green building are the global development strategies today. In order to improve the management level of green buildings in the urbanization process, a reciprocal symbiosis evaluation index model is proposed based on the theory of urban ecology. On this basis, the collaborative relationship model between Eco-city and green building is established, and the green building management framework based on the collaborative theory is constructed. The expert survey method was used to determine the evaluation indicators and analyze the relationship between various city subsystems. Then, the analytic hierarchy process is used to build a three-level evaluation index system, including the target layer, the criterion layer, and the index layer. The weight of the evaluation index system is calculated by combining of the chromatography method and the entropy weight method, and a scientific evaluation index system is established. The gray comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the construction of the green building management system. Based on the index system, the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate different weight coefficients, which makes the evaluation model easy to use and lays a foundation for subsequent research.

A grey comprehensive evaluation model for wheat quality incorporating PCA-EWM

The objective and accurate evaluation of wheat quality is the key to ensuring the safety of wheat storage. Due to the complexity and variability of wheat quality, traditional methods, such as the evaluation of single physical and chemical index, have the problems of insufficient information and poor differentiation of fuzzy intervals. Based on grey systems theory, this paper proposes a new comprehensive wheat quality grading model. Firstly, eight physical and chemical indices are selected as the factor set of the evaluation model, and the key quality indices are analyzed and screened by principal component analysis (PCA). The entropy weight method (EWM) is then used to measure the importance of the contribution of selected indices to wheat quality information. Finally, the grey evaluation model is then used to determine the grey correlation of the evaluation levels of different batches of wheat, and to rank the superiority and inferiority. The model is applied to the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of wheat samples, verifying the feasibility and validity of the model and providing some theoretical guidance for the evaluation of wheat quality.

Data Quality Evaluation of Photovoltaic Power Station based on Entropy Weight Method and Grey Comprehensive Evaluation Method

The increasing necessity of renewable energy utilization has fueled the successful development of photovoltaic power generation technology. Distributed photovoltaic power stations have been rapidly promoted because of their small installed capacity and low initial investment costs. Scientific and comprehensive data evaluation of distributed PV is conducive to improving the operational efficiency of the power station. An index evaluation system is constructed for distributed power station data in each province. The entropy weighting method is used to determine the weights of different dimensions. Then, the data quality evaluation level is contrasted with the help of the gray evaluation method. Simulations of the proposed method were conducted. Finally, the results showed that the data of the tested distributed PV were at an excellent level, which verified the applicability of the method. In addition, the causes of data quality deficiencies are preliminarily explored.

One ranking method of interval grey number based on generalised greyness

PurposeIn order to reflect the essential characteristics of interval grey number and study the ranking method of interval grey number as a whole, this paper aims to establish a ranking method of interval grey number.Design/methodology/approachFirst, based on the generalised greyness of interval grey number, the definitions of referenced grey number and proximity degree are given. Second, based on the greyness distance of interval grey number, the proximity degree model is constructed and its properties are analysed. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proximity degree model.FindingsThe results show that the index of proximity degree can better reflect the degree that the interval grey number is relatively close to the referenced grey number in different cases. The proximity degree model used to compare interval grey numbers is an extension of the model used to compare real numbers. The examples show that the proximity degree model of interval grey number proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.Practical implicationsThe research studies show that the proximity degree model can be used for the ranking of interval grey numbers or real numbers and also for the ranking of numbers where interval grey numbers coexist with real numbers. In addition, the proximity degree model provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of grey comprehensive evaluation model.Originality/valueThe paper succeeds in putting forward the conceptions of referenced grey number and proximity degree based on the generalised greyness of interval grey number and constructing the proximity degree model for the ranking of interval grey number.

Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Pervious Pavement Based on China’s Sponge City Concept

Sponge cities provide broad hydrological functions to alleviate urban flooding and other water-related problems in China. Conventional impervious paving cannot meet contemporary sustainable city goals. The permeable paving technology offers primary benefits such as increasing stormwater infiltration, drainage, purification, groundwater recharge, and microclimatic amelioration. Few studies have evaluated the embracive range of benefits and the social functions holistically. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive benefit evaluation system to cover a broad range of indicators. Nineteen indicators were selected based on the literature review, field studies, and research experience. Organized in a three-tiered hierarchical structure, they were divided into environmental, economic, and social benefits. A grey intuitionistic fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was built by combining intuitionistic fuzzy analysis with a grey comprehensive evaluation. The computational tools could determine the differential weights of indicators and benefit scores. Taking an example of a permeable pavement project in Quanzhou City, the comprehensive benefits were assessed and validated using our evaluation model. The results show that (1) the comprehensive benefits of the project met the economic feasibility criteria with advantages over conventional paving; (2) the environmental benefits were prominently expressed; (3) the social benefits were assessed and confirmed. The results verified the feasibility and applicability of the quantitative-qualitative model. The method could permit the integrated and systematic benefit assessment of permeable paving designs. It also provides guidance and reference to evaluate the performance of permeable pavements and their comprehensive range of benefits. The findings could reference choosing and refining designs, optimizing the benefits, and promoting a science-oriented development of permeable paving.

Health status evaluation method of CNC machine tools based on grey clustering analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

In order to solve the problem of health evaluation of CNC machine tools, an evaluation method based on grey clustering analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was proposed. The health status grade of in-service CNC machine tools was divided, and the performance indicator system of CNC machine tools was constructed. On the above basis, the relative importance of each performance and its indicators were combined, and grey clustering analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was utilized to evaluate the health status of in-service CNC machine tools to determine their health grade. The proposed health status evaluation method was applied to evaluate the health level of an in-service gantry CNC machine that can be used for the machining propellers, and the results shown that the health status of the whole gantry CNC machine tool is healthy. The proposed evaluation method provides useful references for further in-depth research on the health status analysis and optimization of CNC machine tools.

Search well and be wise: A machine learning approach to search for a profitable location

A good location is critical for the sales performance of a hotel or a restaurant. This study proposes a machine learning-based model for location selection that focuses on the estimation of sales potential of a prospective site and helps to overcome the lack of historical data for the prospective site and the subjective criteria used in conventional models. The proposed model involves three major steps. First, we use an attribute selection algorithm to identify the key factors that contribute to the profitability of a specific location. Second, we evaluate the similarity between the candidate site and the existing stores by using an improved grey comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, we use a kernel regression model to predict the sales potential of the candidate site. A case study of a well-known international restaurant chain is used to illustrate the application of the proposed data-driven model. The results indicate that our proposed model helps to accurately select the most profitable locations.

Exploring the Relationship Between Value Modularity, Knowledge Transfer, and Firm Innovation Performance: Evidence From China.

This study aimed to explore the influence the value modularity and a firm’s innovation performance, directly and indirectly, using knowledge management as mediating variable. Moreover, in this study, we used the resource integration ability as a moderator between the relationship value modularity and firm innovation performance. We collected data from the Chinese state-owned and state-controlled high-tech firms from 2011 to 2018. In this study, we used the gray comprehensive evaluation method to test the degree of value modularity, and hierarchical regression analysis is used to analyze the relationship among variables. The outcomes of this study indicate that value modularity and firm innovation performance has inverted U-shaped and significant association. Similarly, results also confirm that knowledge acquisition and knowledge internalization mediate the relationship between value modularity and firm innovation performance. The finding of this research also confirms that resource integration ability negatively affects the relationship between value modularity and firm innovation performance. This paper enriches the research of the value modularity and gives certain inspiration to knowledge management. At the end of this study, we also suggest some significant practical implications.

Raw Material Ordering and Transportation Problems in Production Enterprises

This paper analyzes from the perspective of the enterprise, establishes the corresponding objective function based on the requirements of different problems, and solves the optimal solution through the stochastic optimization algorithm combined with the corresponding constraints. Taking suppliers as the research object, this paper constructs the unordered rate index for suppliers from the perspective of enterprises. The average difference between supply and demand and the stability of the difference between supply and demand are adjusted. Finally, an evaluation model is constructed based on the grey comprehensive evaluation method to obtain the ranking of the importance of each supplier in ensuring the production of enterprises. Based on this ranking, the 50 most important suppliers are determined.

Safety evaluation of mine roof accident based on grey fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

By analyzing the risk assessment methods of roof accidents at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the research status of risk assessment in this area, and analyzes the significance of risk assessment of mine roof accidents. The risk identification of roadway collapse accident is carried out from four aspects -- human, material, environment, and management, and the risk evaluation index system is established, including human unsafe behavior, material unsafe state, management factors and environmental factors. On this basis, the weight of index set is determined by grey relation analysis, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is obtained by combining the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Taking a coal mine as an example, this paper makes an empirical study of risk assessment and puts forward corresponding countermeasures according to the results of comprehensive assessment. The results show that the safety level of the mine is very safe, so it is feasible to use the grey fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the safety of the mine, which can provide reference for the same kind of mine.