Social Life Research Articles

Psychometric properties of the Child Anxiety and Depression Life Interference Scale - Young Adult version.

A life interference measure specifically designed for young adults with anxiety and depressive symptoms does not currently exist. This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of a brief self-report measure of life interference associated with young adult anxiety and depression, the Child Anxiety and Depression Life Interference Scale - Young Adult version (CADLIS-YA). Cross-sectional, correlational and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Five-hundred and thirty-two participants aged 18-24 years recruited from an undergraduate and community sample completed the CADLIS-YA. An EFA supported a three-factor model describing the impact of young adult anxiety and depression on social life, family and daily life interference. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were good to excellent. Convergent validity was demonstrated, and the scale differentiated between young adults with and without elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms. Support for divergent validity was limited. The CADLIS-YA is a reliable and valid life interference measure for young adults with symptoms of anxiety and depression. It is potentially suitable for administration in low-resource research settings and it has promise for use in clinical settings; however, it needs validation in a clinical sample.

Participation in Social and Community Life Before and After Spinal Cord Injury/Disease: Factors Influencing Changes in Short-Term and Long-Term Participation.

Examining changes in participation frequency (productive, leisure, and social activities) from pre-spinal cord injury/disorder to at least 2 yrs post-spinal cord injury/disorder and identifying sociodemographic and spinal cord injury/disorder characteristics associated with significant shifts in participation frequency. The study used a longitudinal design, using data from the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort study. Pre-spinal cord injury/disorder participation frequency was assessed retrospectively 12 wks after spinal cord injury/disorder and prospectively 1 and at least 2 yrs after spinal cord injury/disorder. Linear mixed-effects model trees were used to identify subgroups with participation changes and related sociodemographic and spinal cord injury/disorder characteristics. The study involved 550 individuals (median age at spinal cord injury/disorder onset: 53 yrs, 30% female, 63.9% with traumatic etiology, and 5.6 yrs since onset). Pronounced decrease was observed prominently in productive activities. Education and age at spinal cord injury/disorder onset served as initial variables to split the tree at first level for each of the participation dimensions. This research identified participation dimensions most susceptible to changes during the initial years after spinal cord injury/disorder and pinpointed subgroups displaying clinically meaningful longitudinal variations across productive, leisure, and social activities. These findings have the potential to enhance the efficiency of rehabilitation programs, leading to improvements in long-term participation levels for individuals with spinal cord injury/disorder.

Social risk assessment of the transition from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles: Material supply chains in China, Japan, and South Korea

In order to reduce carbon emissions, the production of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) is being transitioned to the production of electric vehicles (EVs). However, the social unsustainability of this process needs further testing. This study explored the social risk characteristics of the transition from ICEVs to EVs based on the Social Hotspots Database (SHDB), combining with the Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) and the Marginal Analysis Method (MAM). Here, we revealed the differences in social risks in the material supply chains between China, Japan, and South Korea, which may create incentives for 100 % supply concentration in a hypothetical game. In terms of social risk, common substitution trends in the iron‑aluminum sector and synergy patterns in the copper-rubber sector were observed in the three countries. As a key factor influencing social risks, cost factor may change, and cost changes due to transition were mainly influenced by production adjustments and sourcing differences, reflecting differences in production capacity trends. This study makes it possible to consider ICEVs and EVs as two endpoints for transition activity in a SLCA exercise and provides valuable insights focusing on transition, aiding in material selection for future product design and underscoring the importance of proactive consideration of social sustainability indices.

Seasonal migration and youth social life in the Eastern Barienou district, Benin

This study investigated the relationship that exists between seasonal migration and social life of youth in the Eastern Barienou, Benin. Several young people from the Barienou district in the northern Benin leave their homes each year to work in Nigeria’s agricultural sector. Migration is a strategy employed to improve their standard of living. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of seasonal migration on social life of youth in the Eastern Barienou. This study employed a mixed-method research design that combines a correlation survey and a phenomenological study. The population of the study included 450 people. The sampling frame included not only a list of youth in the Eastern Barienou district but also a list youth’s parents and youth’s leaders. A total of 196 participants were sampled using stratified sampling techniques. Data were collected using a questionnaire, an interview guide and a focus group discussion guide. A multivariate regression analysis was run to assess the association between seasonal migration and social life. Seasonal migration has a significant negative relationship with youth social life (β=.-39, p<.001). QDA miner lite V3.0.6 was used for qualitative data analysis, SPSS 21 for descriptive analysis, and SPSS AMOS 26 for multivariate regression analysis. The study recommended that the Benin government enhance farming sector in the Eastern Barienou district and collaborate with the Nigerian government to improve working conditions for seasonal migrants.

Chinese Ethnic Coffee Shop Adaptation in Riau through Inclusivity in Malay Society

This article focused on non-Muslim Chinese ethnic coffee shop entrepreneurs, aiming to discover and analyse forms of adaptation that have led to the survival of these coffee shops and their acceptance by the Malay-Muslim community. This qualitative research, utilising an ethnographic approach, is situated in Pekanbaru. Data was collected through observation and interviews with 11 predetermined informants, including entrepreneurs from second and third-generation Chinese families, Malay Riau cultural figures, historians, tourism advocates, coffee enthusiasts and customer informants. Documentary data in the form of autobiographies/biographies of the early founders of coffee shops. This study identified forms of adaptation, including the coffee shop managers’ identification with the community, continuity of family management adhering to halal and hygienic standards, prioritising honesty to gain community trust, forming partnerships and employing Muslim-background workers, and fostering communication, organisation, social engagement, and philanthropy. The adaptation of coffee shop entrepreneurs was expedited by the openness and acceptance of Muslim traders in Pekanbaru since the early 20th century. The presence of these coffee shops, deeply rooted in the social and cultural life of the Malay-Muslim community, manifests inclusivity. This encompasses accepting the halal aspect of the coffee shops’ offerings, managed by non-Muslim Chinese ethnic groups.

Merenden Tedong di Mamasa: Integrasi Pendekatan Struktural dan Kultural dalam Memitigasi Konflik Sosial Keagamaan

The Mamasa community has the Merenden Tedong tradition which is rooted in customary law as an effective conflict resolution model in resolving social problems. This tradition is deeply rooted and has become a unique cultural icon in overcoming social challenges and conflicts in society. The integration of this traditional approach with a formal approach from the government has strengthened the mechanism for mitigating socio-religious conflict in social life. This article aims to describe the integration between two conflict resolution models, namely the cultural approach through customary law and the structural approach through government policy, as an effort to mitigate socio-religious conflict in Mamasa. This research used a phenomenological analysis approach involving in-depth interviews. Informants consisted of traditional leaders, community leaders, government officials and community members to gain a comprehensive understanding of the Merenden Tedong tradition as a model for conflict resolution. This research found that the integration of cultural and structural approaches in the Merenden Tedong tradition contributed significantly to mitigating social and religious conflict. Collaboration between traditional institutions and the government strengthened the role of customary law in conflict prevention, proving that an integrative approach is more effective than a unilateral model. Further research is recommended to explore the role of the younger generation in maintaining the identity of Pitu Ulunna Salu as a conflict mitigation strategy. Keywords: Merenden Tedong, Conflict Resolution, Integrative Approach, Mamasa

Parenting a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Jordanian's perspectives.

Raising your child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Jordan is a challenge due to the prevailing behavioral concerns, low availability of specialized care, and generalized feelings of social stigma. This phenomenological study involved twelve Jordanian parents of children aged 4-14years, all diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: "The Journey through ADHD," in which parents recognized the abnormalities of their children, reported suffering during the diagnosis, and described a wide range of uncertainty regarding the diagnosis and treatments. The second theme was "Disease as part of life," where parents reported the impact on family dynamics and social life. The third theme was "Caregiving burden," reflecting physical and emotional exhaustion and financial burden. Jordanian parents caring for children with ADHD face several challenges, including physical, emotional, economic, and social challenges and limited access to specialized services. Identifying their unique needs and challenges is essential in supporting them, providing appropriate services and resources, and developing policies and guidelines for culturally competent quality services.

How Long Does a Memory Last? Bayesian Chronological Modelling and the Temporal Scope of Commemorative Practices at Aeneolithic Monjukli Depe, Turkmenistan

In this paper the history of one house and a human burial in the prehistoric settlement of Monjukli Depe, Turkmenistan, serves as a case study for the use of Bayesian chronological modelling to approach the reach of past memories. The method combines relative and absolute chronological data and aims not only at a more precise and robust chronology of past events, but also allows estimations of duration of particular processes. However, chronological models must be constructed with care, since the prior archaeological information significantly affects the output. The comparison of three alternative models for the Aeneolithic settlement of Monjukli Depe shows that prior information in modelling has a considerable impact on duration estimates for periods of the settlement history. The modelling chronology for Monjukli Depe allows the tracing of commemorative practices at a generational scale—the memory of Monjukli Depe House 14 was transmitted over several generations of inhabitants long after the house destruction. It is clear that houses possessed a great value in the social life of the settlement since local building histories were remembered over a long time.

“Friendships fizzled out”: Trajectories and risk factors of youth loneliness following COVID-19

Abstract Background Social distancing and isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic left a mark on the social, emotional and cognitive development of youth. We aimed to identify the course of Dutch youth loneliness and its predictors since the Omicron lockdown in December 2021. Methods Data were obtained from a repeated cross-sectional panel study between March 2022 and September 2023, in which loneliness was assessed using the 6-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Youth (12-25 years) participating in at least three timepoints were included. A latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was performed to identify trajectories of loneliness. Themes identified in qualitative data (open-ended questions halfway 2022) were recoded into binary quantitative variables to be included in regression analyses. Two-step multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to determine risk factors per trajectory class. Goodness of fit was assessed using the likelihood-ratio test. Results Identified trajectories were: 1) very lonely (n = 140), 2) moderate lonely (n = 373), 3) recovering (n = 511), and 4) not lonely (n = 384; reference). Compared to the other trajectories, youngsters following a moderate or very lonely trajectory had more often little to no trust in the future and more often experienced non-specific symptoms and stress due to various causes. Including perceptions showed that youth in these trajectories experienced a greater impact of the pandemic on their social relationships. The inclusion of perception also improved the model’s goodness of fit (p < 0.001). Conclusions Up to 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic, youngsters that reported loneliness continue to endure its consequences on their social lives. Despite the apparent association between the Omicron lockdown and continuing loneliness, claims about causality should be made with caution. However, findings implicate the importance of political and social recognition of the pandemic’s ongoing impact on vulnerable youth. Key messages • Lonely youth experienced a greater impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their social lives. • Political and social recognition of the pandemic’s ongoing impact on vulnerable youth is wanted.

Results from the Swiss Cohort of Healthcare Professionals: Intention to stay and well-being

Abstract Background In the context of personnel shortages and high turnover rates in the healthcare sector, the Swiss COhort of Healthcare Professionals and Informal CAregivers (SCOHPICA) seeks to understand which factors act as determinants of professionals’ intent to stay in their profession and well-being, and to monitor their trajectories. Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data from a prospective open cohort including any type of healthcare professionals practicing in Switzerland. They were invited to complete an online questionnaire measuring their intent to stay in their profession and well-being, several determinants of these, sociodemographic and socioprofessional characteristics, and they were able provide open comments. Standard statistical and thematic analyses were performed where appropriate. Results 5927 participants completed the 2022 (n = 1707) or 2023 (n = 4220) questionnaire, and 1811 left open comments. Preliminary results revealed that the main determinants of intention to stay and well-being were work-life balance, opportunities for development, and meaning of work. Moreover, nine sub-themes were identified in open comments, grouped under three main themes: 1) working hours and private life; 2) working conditions, relating to administrative work, salary, health and staffing issues, participants with a low intent to stay being overrepresented in the last two; 3) career paths, exploring employer changes or training recongnition. Conclusions Finding a balance between constraints inherent to the healthcare professions and professionals’ social life as well as reintroducing sense at work are key aspects that policymakers should take into account to brake turnover, retain healthcare professionals and make health professions attractive again. Key messages • Work-life balance, opportunities for development, and meaning of work appeared to be reasons to stay in healthcare professions. • People thinking of leaving commented on staffing and their own health.

The Role of Communication and Work Environment on Employee Performance (Case Study: Boeing/Ethiopian Airlines 2019)

As social creatures, humans need good communication when interacting with others. As is the case in the work environment, the existence of good communication between employees enables them to carry out their duties following their respective procedures to achieve the goals set by the agency or work organization. This research uses the literature study method. A literature study is a collection of previous research results in the form of books, articles, scientific journals, research reports, and other sources relevant to the topic of discussion which are then compared theoretically. The Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 incident highlighted several issues related to Boeing employee communication, work environment, and employee performance. Based on the case study discussed, this incident shows that to improve aviation safety, more attention needs to be paid to communication, work environment, and employee training in the aviation industry to prevent similar incidents from happening in the future.

Digital supply chains for ecosystem resilience: a framework for the Italian case

AbstractContingency where exogenous and dramatic factors (i.e. Covid) impact not only on political and social life but also on economy is changing the way business is managed. Grounded on recent works studying the relationship between digitalisation and resilience, this work aims to systematize the links between the two dimensions at Supply Chains (SC) and at ecosystem level. A conceptual framework for manufacturing companies and policy makers is proposed to cope with disruptions thanks to digital technology implementation. The work is based on the results of an explorative analysis held with the support of practitioners from the manufacturing sector, IT providers and policy makers in Italy to systematise results and to demonstrate that public–private partnership can help to face disruptions. This paper contributes to the theory of ecosystems to establish a systemic framework to go beyond the border of each SC proposing a cross-collaboration model.

Exploring the Relationship Between Health Literacy and Alcohol Consumption Patterns in Tuscany

Abstract Introduction Alcohol consumption is a prevalent aspect of social and cultural life worldwide. However, high and binge consumption has become a significant public health concern. Inadequate health literacy (HL) may contribute to poor awareness and/or knowledge regarding the risks of alcohol-related behaviors. However, to date, only a few studies have examined the relationship between HL and different types of alcohol consumption. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HL, other sociodemographic determinants, and their influence on high and binge consumption among the general population aged 18-69 in Tuscany. Methods The study analyzed data from 2017 to 2022 from a Tuscan population subsample in the Italian Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System PASSI. HL was assessed using the Italian version of the six-item European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q6). Results Among the 12,953 interviewees, binge drinking was reported by 8.3%, while high consumption by 3.6% of the entire sample. In the multivariate logistic regression, participants aged between 50 and 69 years with problematic or inadequate HL levels had an increased adjusted odds ratio for high alcohol consumption. Instead, females, individuals older than 34 years, and those of foreign nationality had a reduced odds ratio for binge drinking. Low HL was a predictor of high alcohol consumption but not of binge drinking. Discussion As expected, young males are more likely to engage in binge drinking, while older individuals are more likely to have high consumption. In a challenging period for healthcare system sustainability, it is mandatory to use economic resources efficiently and target the right population with tailored interventions: given that HL impacts on high consumption, research and policy should focus HL interventions specifically on high alcohol consumers. Conversely, educational campaigns aimed at increasing HL in binge drinkers risk to have a lesser impact. Key messages • Health literacy does not influence binge drinking. • Inadequate levels of health literacy predict high alcohol consumption.

What long-term health outcomes can we anticipate for children who have been in social care?

Abstract The concept of cumulative disadvantage suggests that setbacks in one area of life not only lead to further challenges within that domain but also increase vulnerability to adversities across different domains, as highlighted in life course studies. In the context of children with a history of childhood social care (CSC) experience, research consistently shows poorer long-term health outcomes compared to peers without such experiences. This disparity persists into middle age and can affect subsequent generations, underscoring the enduring impact of early-life adversity. Dr Viviane S. Straatmann, a social epidemiologist based in Sweden and enriched by her experience in studying the health and social life of vulnerable children in diverse international settings, will offer insights from life-course and intergenerational epidemiological studies. She will explore the intricate web of disadvantages preceding children’s entry into social care, shedding light on the complex interplay between early-life adversity, cumulative disadvantage, and long-term health outcomes. Participants will engage in reflective dialogue on pertinent questions, such as how cumulative disadvantage informs interventions for children with CSC backgrounds, the potential mechanisms underlying the contribution of early-life adversities to long-term health disparities, and the ways intergenerational studies can inform strategies for breaking the cycle of disadvantage.

Personality and cardiovascular mortality risk: a multi-cohort analysis in individuals with and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease

AbstractThis study investigated the associations between personality traits of the Five Factor Model and cardiovascular mortality, with a specific focus on whether pre-existing cardiovascular conditions modified these associations. We used data from 43,027 participants across five cohort studies: Health and Retirement Study (HRS); Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS); National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP); Midlife in the United States (MIDUS); Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) with a mean age 55.9 years and 6493 individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. We conducted meta-analyses examining conscientiousness, emotional stability, agreeableness, openness to experience, and extraversion in relation to mortality due to coronary heart disease and stroke. During a mean follow-up of 12.1 years, 1620 participants died from coronary heart disease and 454 from stroke. Lower conscientiousness was associated with higher mortality risk from both coronary heart disease (hazard ratio per 1SD = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.75–0.90) and stroke (HR = 0.84, CI = 0.72–0.99). Lower emotional stability predicted increased coronary heart disease mortality (HR = 0.91, CI = 0.85–0.97). The association between conscientiousness and cardiovascular mortality did not differ between individuals with or without baseline cardiovascular conditions. In addition, adjustments for health behaviors and other covariates only slightly attenuated this association. Other personality traits were not associated with cardiovascular disease mortality. Our findings highlight the role of low conscientiousness, and to a lesser extent low emotional stability, in the development and progression of fatal cardiovascular disease through pathways that may extend beyond established health behaviors.

Peran Guru dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPS di Sekolah Dasar

Education is closely related to learning activities. In the entire educational process at school, learning activities are the most basic activities, which means that the success or failure of achieving educational goals depends on the learning process experienced by students as students in each school. In social studies learning, teachers are not only required to provide knowledge to students in mastering concepts related to social life and the environment. More than that, social studies teachers are expected to be able to equip students to make efforts to increase their knowledge. Therefore, thr role of teacher in improve social studies learning in elementary schools are very important to build an advanced generation in the future. he aim of this research is to increase students' interest in learning social studies in elementary schools. This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with the type of research being library research. The results of this research show that the teacher's role in increasing students' interest in learning in social studies subjects includes the use of media, organizing the class and stimulating to create an attitude of student participation in social studies subjects from all the teacher's roles above, that what they do is in accordance with the model participatory learning. There are several factors that support teachers when learning, including: the best possible and effective use of technology, good emotional condition of students, supportive environmental conditions, good quality teachers. And some of the inhibiting factors include a distance learning system that is less effective, technological constraints, namely slow internet network, poor emotional condition

Exploring the dynamics of alcohol use, poverty and the role of social context in Athens, Greece

Abstract Background A body of research conducted across diverse national context, including the United Kingdom, Russia, Denmark and Norway, shows a robust link between poverty and increased alcohol related harm, even after accounting for different drinking patterns. This paper examines the unexplored relationship between poverty and alcohol use in Athens, Greece, focusing on alcohol’s impact related to the familial and social life of individuals and whether this system is affected by poverty. Methods This is a 2021 cross-sectional study, with 300 adult participants of mean age 45.8. We administered four questionnaires. The participants were equally distributed above and below the poverty threshold, sampled randomly. The latter were beneficiaries of social services. The data analysis established two scoring variables: the level of dysfunction from alcohol use and the level of strength of family ties. We computed their correlation and multiple linear regressions to assess their relationships. Results Individuals not residing in poverty exhibit a higher frequency of alcohol use (81.9%) than their counterparts (57.1%), however, those living in poverty tend to consume greater quantities of alcohol per occasion (p < 0.001) and reported elevated levels of dysfunction within familial and social interactions. Conclusions This study indicates that different consumption patterns are tied to diverse socioeconomic strata, with binge drinking behaviours specifically linked to financial hardship. Also, alcohol related dysfunction and family and social dynamics are affected by poverty. Our findings show that as dysfunction attributed to alcohol use increases, participants socialize less and report lower levels of well-being. In contrast those with balanced family ties and social encounters exhibit the opposite trend. This study warrants further exploration in cities in Southern Europe. Key messages • To mitigate alcohol use, policies empowering social and familial connections are of high importance. • Uncovering poverty as a factor for binge drinking can inform prevention strategies.

Conserved autism-associated genes tune social feeding behavior in C. elegans

Animal foraging is an essential and evolutionarily conserved behavior that occurs in social and solitary contexts, but the underlying molecular pathways are not well defined. We discover that conserved autism-associated genes (NRXN1(nrx-1), NLGN3(nlg-1), GRIA1,2,3(glr-1), GRIA2(glr-2), and GLRA2,GABRA3(avr-15)) regulate aggregate feeding in C. elegans, a simple social behavior. NRX-1 functions in chemosensory neurons (ADL and ASH) independently of its postsynaptic partner NLG-1 to regulate social feeding. Glutamate from these neurons is also crucial for aggregate feeding, acting independently of NRX-1 and NLG-1. Compared to solitary counterparts, social animals show faster presynaptic release and more presynaptic release sites in ASH neurons, with only the latter requiring nrx-1. Disruption of these distinct signaling components additively converts behavior from social to solitary. Collectively, we find that aggregate feeding is tuned by conserved autism-associated genes through complementary synaptic mechanisms, revealing molecular principles driving social feeding.

Beyond the first week: sustaining the feeling of social inclusion and sense of belonging for students

ABSTRACT Purpose Promoting inclusive student communities and a sense of belonging is essential for university students’ well-being and mental health. Our aim in this study was to explore how universities can enhance student well-being by facilitating interactions that contribute to a sense of belonging within the university environment. Methods Through thematic analysis of 309 written narratives collected from students at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), we explored significant events related to their studies, social lives, or personal experiences. Results Introduction Week is important for students’ well-being, providing a key opportunity to form initial social connections and foster a sense of belonging. However, its impact is inconsistent, and building lasting relationships requires continued effort throughout the academic journey. Recognizing and addressing potential challenges when expectations are unmet is essential for enhancing student belonging. Conclusions Our findings suggest that while Introduction Week plays an essential role in breaking social barriers and ensuring immediate social inclusion, the greatest challenge lies in establishing structures that facilitate belonging and relationships throughout the entire period of studies. Recognizing the diverse needs of students, universities should offer a variety of platforms for engagement and connection to enhance student well-being.

A cross‐sectional study on quality of life in adult indolent systemic mastocytosis and its association with cutaneous involvement

AbstractBackgroundSystemic mastocytosis (SM) is characterized by abnormal mast cell accumulation in various tissues, including the skin, and encompasses several clinical variants, ranging from less aggressive to more severe forms. ISM, the most common variant, often presents with cutaneous manifestations, causing significant impairment in QoL due to mediator‐release symptoms and stigma associated with typical cutaneous lesions.ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess QoL impairment in ISM patients and its correlation with demographic and clinical data.MethodsA cohort of 52 adult ISM patients was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the mastocytosis QoL questionnaire (MC‐QoL). Questionnaire scores were then analyzed in relation to the clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients.ResultsOver half of the patients experienced mild or higher levels of impairment in QoL, with female patients showing greater impairment than males. Patients with recent symptom onset reported higher MC‐QoL scores, possibly due to psychological factors and lack of disease knowledge. Cutaneous symptoms significantly impacted QoL, and the visibility of lesions affected DLQI scores more than MC‐QoL scores. A moderately strong correlation was observed between DLQI and MC‐QoL scores, particularly in the Skin and Social Life domains. The study highlights gender differences in QoL impairment, suggesting the need for further investigation into potential social or cultural factors.ConclusionsWhile the study provides valuable insights into QoL impairment in ISM patients, its monocentric nature and small sample size are notable limitations. Further research is warranted to better understand the impact of SM on patients' well‐being and to identify effective strategies for managing symptoms and improving overall QoL in this population.