Green Zone Research Articles

Impact of colony age on Trigona sp. activities in the green zones of Universitas Sumatera Utara Campus

Trigona, a stingless bee pollinator, is widely domesticated for plant pollination due to its versatility and adaptability to various environments. This study aimed to assess the suitability of green open spaces in Universitas Sumatera Utara campus as a potential habitat for introducing Trigona sp. and to observe how colony age affects the foraging behavior of worker bees. Bee colonies were introduced into specific areas within the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences garden, positioned at a height of 3.4 meters above ground level. Nine bee hives were strategically placed around the garden for observations in October 2022, focusing on three different colonies based on their ages i.e. 2 m.o (Colony-A), 4 m.o (Colony-B), and 6 m.o (Colony-C). Activities were closely monitored between 8:00 AM and 4:00 PM, with at least three measurements taken for each 10-minute interval. The results showed variations in foraging activity among colonies in terms of peak hours and the number of worker bees. Colonies aged 4 and 6 months had over 50 foragers, while the 2-month-old colony had fewer. Notably, the 6-month-old colony displayed the highest average number of workers engaged in transporting pollen and resin, particularly at 9:00-10:00 AM. Results of Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that light intensity negatively and significantly influenced the number of returning/entering worker bees, while wind velocity posed a negative and significant impact on the number of returning bees carrying resin. This study provides practical implications for the successful integration of Trigona bees into green open spaces, particularly inside campus area.

Surgically-relevant quality of life thresholds for the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire in Crohn’s disease

Background or PurposeDespite interest in patient-reported outcome measures to track progression in Crohn’s disease, frameworks to apply these questionnaires in the preoperative setting are lacking. Using the short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (sIBDQ), this study aimed to describe interpretable quality of life thresholds and examine potential associations with future bowel resection in Crohn’s disease. MethodsAdult Crohn’s disease patients completing an sIBDQ at a clinic visit between 2020-2022 were eligible. A stoplight framework was adopted for sIBDQ scores, including a ‘Resection Red zone’ suggesting poor quality of life that may benefit from discussions about surgery as well as a ‘Nonoperative Green’ zone. Thresholds were identified with both anchor- and distribution-based methods using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and subgroup percentile scores, respectively. To quantify associations between sIBDQ scores and subsequent bowel resection, multivariable logistic regression models were fit with covariates of age, sex, body mass index, medications, disease pattern and location, resection history, and the Harvey Bradshaw Index. Incremental discriminatory value of the sIBDQ beyond clinical factors was assessed through area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) with an internal validation through bootstrap resampling. ResultsOf 2003 included patients, 102 underwent Crohn’s-related bowel resection. The sIBDQ Nonoperative Green zone threshold ranged from 61 to 64 and the Resection Red zone from 36 to 38. When adjusting for clinical covariates, a worse sIBDQ score was associated with greater odds of subsequent 90-day bowel resection when considered as a one-point (OR [95% CI], 1.05 [1.03-1.07]) or five-point change (OR [95% CI], 1.25 [1.13-1.40]). Inclusion of the sIBDQ modestly improved discriminative performance (AUC [95% CI] 0.85 [0.85 – 0.86]) relative to models that included only demographics (0.57 [0.57 – 0.58]) or demographics with clinical covariates (0.83 [0.83 – 0.84]). Discussion or ConclusionIn the decision-making process for bowel resection, disease-specific patient-reported outcome measures may be useful to identify Crohn’s disease patients with poor quality of life and promote shared understanding of personalized burden.

Correlation of pathological examination with indocyanine green (ICG) intensity gradients: a prospective study in patients with liver tumor

BackgroundIntraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has been shown to be a new and innovative way to illustrate the optimal resection margin in hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study investigated its accuracy in resection margin determination by looking into the correlation of ICG intensity gradients with pathological examination results of resected specimens.MethodsThis was a prospective, single-center, non-randomized controlled study. Patients who had liver tumors indicating liver resection were recruited. The hypothesis was that the use of intraoperative near-infrared/ICG fluorescence imaging would be a promising guiding tool for removing hepatocellular carcinoma with a better resection margin. Patients were given ICG (0.25 mg/kg) 1 day before operation. Resected specimens were inspected under a fluorescent imaging system. Biopsies were taken from tumors and normal tissue. Color signals obtained from ICG fluorescence imaging were compared with biopsies for analysis.ResultsTwenty-two patients were recruited for study. The median size of their tumors was 2.25 cm. One patient had resection margin involvement. Under ICG fluorescence, the tumors typically lighted up as yellow color, wrapped by a zone of green color. Tumors of 17 patients (77.3%) displayed yellow color and were confirmed malignancy, while tumors of 12 patients (54.5%) displayed green color and were confirmed malignancy. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to measure the sensitivity and specificity of the green color to look for a clear resection margin. The area under the curve was 85.3% (p = 0.019, 95% confidence interval 0.696–1.000), with a sensitivity of 0.706 and specificity of 1.000.ConclusionThe use of ICG fluorescence can be helpful in determining resection margins. Resection of tumor should include complete resection of the green zone shown in the fluorescence image.

Artificial Intelligence, Intrapartum Ultrasound and Dystocic Delivery: AIDA (Artificial Intelligence Dystocia Algorithm), a Promising Helping Decision Support System.

The position of the fetal head during engagement and progression in the birth canal is the primary cause of dystocic labor and arrest of progression, often due to malposition and malrotation. The authors performed an investigation on pregnant women in labor, who all underwent vaginal digital examination by obstetricians and midwives as well as intrapartum ultrasonography to collect four "geometric parameters", measured in all the women. All parameters were measured using artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, called AIDA (artificial intelligence dystocia algorithm), which incorporates a human-in-the-loop approach, that is, to use AI (artificial intelligence) algorithms that prioritize the physician's decision and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). The AIDA was structured into five classes. After a number of "geometric parameters" were collected, the data obtained from the AIDA analysis were entered into a red, yellow, or green zone, linked to the analysis of the progress of labor. Using the AIDA analysis, we were able to identify five reference classes for patients in labor, each of which had a certain sort of birth outcome. A 100% cesarean birth prediction was made in two of these five classes. The use of artificial intelligence, through the evaluation of certain obstetric parameters in specific decision-making algorithms, allows physicians to systematically understand how the results of the algorithms can be explained. This approach can be useful in evaluating the progress of labor and predicting the labor outcome, including spontaneous, whether operative VD (vaginal delivery) should be attempted, or if ICD (intrapartum cesarean delivery) is preferable or necessary.

The Impact of Green Financial Policies on Enterprises' Green Technological Innovation

In this paper, to investigate the impact of green financial policies on corporate green technology innovation, a double difference model is constructed using the data of A-share listed companies from 2017 to 2021. The research results show that the establishment of green financial reform pilot zones greatly promotes enterprise green technology innovation. Meanwhile, through the heterogeneity analysis, it is found that the above conclusion works more significantly on state-owned enterprises. The findings of this paper provide new evidence that green financial policies have a facilitating effect on corporate green technological innovation, and also provide empirical support for the further development of green financial pilot policies.

Redesign roadmap to support driving awareness at level railway crossings

The number of accidents at level railway crossings, especially crossings without gate barriers/attendants, is still very high due to technical problems, driving culture, and human error. The aim of this research is to provide road maps application based on ergonomic visual displays design that can increase awareness level for drivers before crossing railway crossings. The double awareness driving (DAD) map information system was built based on the waterfall method, which has 4 steps: defining requirements, system and software design, unit testing, and implementation. User needs to include origin-destination location, geolocation, distance & travel time, directions, crossing information, and crossing notifications. The DAD map application was tested using a usability test to determine the ease of using the application used the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire and an Electroencephalogram (EEG) test to determine the increase in concentration in drivers before and immediately crossing a railway crossing. Periodically, the application provides information on the driving zone being passed; green zone for driving distances > 500 m to the crossing, the yellow zone for distances 500m to 100m, and the red zone for distances < 100 m. The DAD map also provides information on the position and speed of the nearest train that will cross the railway crossing. The usability test for 10 respondents giving SUS score = 97.5 (satisfaction category) with a time-based efficiency value = 0.29 goals/s, error rate = 0%, and a success rate of 93.33%. The cognitive ergonomic testing via Electroencephalogram (EEG) produced a focus level of 21.66%. Based on the results of DAD map testing can be implemented to improve the safety of level railroad crossings in an effort to reduce the number of driving accidents.

Green finance improves enterprises' environmental, social and governance performance: A two-dimensional perspective based on external financing capability and internal technological innovation.

This paper takes the establishment of the Green Financial Reform and Innovation Pilot Zone (GFPZ) in 2017 as a natural experiment, adopts the data of a-share industrial listed enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2020, and utilizes the difference-in-differences (DID) method to carry out empirical tests. The results show that (1) GFPZ policy significantly improves the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of enterprises, and the positive effect is mainly realized by improving the external financing ability and green-technology innovation level of enterprises. (2) There is heterogeneity in the impact of GFPZ policy on the ESG performance of firms with different equity natures and internal control levels. (3) Green finance promotes active corporate social responsibility, and it can further improve environmental governance in the regions where it operates. This paper provides a useful supplement to the comprehensive understanding of green-finance policy effects and ESG impact factors, and it is of great significance in mitigating the negative environmental and social externalities caused by the excessive pursuit of economic benefits by enterprises.

Assessment of the State of the Landscaping System in the City of Aktobe, the Republic of Kazakhstan, under Conditions of Man-Made Load Using Remote Sensing

The growth of a city causes a complex of problems related to the increase in the pollution of the urban environment and the shortcomings in its improvement. The territory of the modern city is characterized by the highest man-made loads on the natural environment. The main problems are the low level of green areas, as well as the reduction in trees in many areas, which does not allow the city residents to live comfortably. Currently, Earth remote sensing methods using the vegetation index (NDVI) are one of the dominant means of assessing the condition. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to assess the ecological condition of the green zone in the city of Aktobe. To solve this problem, complex assessment was carried out, including statistical data analysis and the processing of satellite images by calculation of the NDVI for green areas and their mapping. The article analysis lies in the field of development and landscaping of the urban environment of Aktobe. A description of the current state of the system of green areas in the city was provided. On the basis of the data of remote sensing of the earth, the spatial features of the separate classes of the total phytomass of green plants within the city of Aktobe and the spatial features of the territorial zones of the city were determined during the differentiation of green plantings. A study of the dynamics of changes in the vegetation cover index (NDVI) during 2010, 2016, and 2023 allowed us to identify trends in the development of green spaces and their changes over time due to city growth and other factors. The data obtained as a result of the research can be used in the justification of urban planning decisions, landscape planning of the ecological infrastructure of the city, and optimization of landscaping systems.

Green synthesis of polyoxometalate Cu3Mo2O9 nanoparticles for efficient degradation of organic dyes under visible light irradiation and their photoluminescence

Well-constructed photocatalysts with efficient catalytic activity have attracted much attention due to their efficient visible-light absorption and superior charge separation capability. Visible-light responsive Cu3Mo2O9 nanoparticles are synthesized utilising a simple and environmentally friendly green combustion process with Butea monosperma leaf extract as a reducing agent. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the formation of orthorhombic crystal structure of Cu3Mo2O9 NPs corresponding to space group Pnma (62). Furthermore, the synthesized NPs were characterized using FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, SEM and TEM studies. It was found that the direct energy band gap was 2.29 eV. Through photodegradation in the presence of visible light, the dye-sorbed photocatalyst exhibited excellent results. The sorbents have also been examined for recycling, and it has been observed that they maintain their effectiveness even after multiple successive runs. These substances therefore appear to have potential as efficient industrial dye wastewater remediators. Moreover, the high intensity emission in the green zone is amply confirmed by the photoluminescence emission spectra and CIE coordinates. The Latent fingerprints (LFP) are visible with the application of the powder dusting process. The synthesized CMO nanoparticles exhibit ridge patterns that are well-resolved and useful for identifying unique LFP.

The impact of green finance on economic growth: Evidence from the green finance reform and innovation pilot zone

AbstractThis study examines the impact and its mechanisms of green finance on economic growth by using the green finance reform and innovation pilot zone (GFRIPZ) as a quasi‐natural experiment. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019, we employ a difference‐in‐differences (DID) model and find that the GFRIPZ's construction has a positive effect on economic growth, resulting in real GDP growth of 2.2% in the pilot zones. Mechanism analysis shows that the GFRIPZ policy promotes economic growth by stimulating green technological innovation and increasing green fiscal expenditures. Further, the moderating effect result reveals that the more powerful the environmental regulation, the better the economic growth effect of the GFRIPZ policy. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the GFRIPZ policy can contribute more in accelerating economic growth in Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Xinjiang. Our findings provide the latest empirical evidence that green finance promotes economic growth, as well as cross‐references for policymakers to scientifically execute green monetary policies and effectively balance green development and economic growth.

The Features of Creation of an Urban Building Environment with Completion of Underground Infrastructure Areas of the City of Yerevan

Underground areas are those parts of the city that can become the best way to overcome the expansion of the surrounding areas of the city, thanks to which new ideas can be created and developed, achieving eco-economic success, creating new opportunities to ensure people's livelihood and security. Underground areas can include transportation structures, passageways, industrial buildings, and public service infrastructure. Basically, the underground areas, developing vertically on several levels, extend under the crowded zones of the city center, in the areas adjacent to the transport hubs. The unloading of above-ground urban areas can lead to the positive process that freed areas will be used to create green zones, improving the sanitary and hygienic condition of the city. It will allow maintaining the existing urban environment, creating favorable conditions for improving people's living activities.

Can the green finance pilot policy promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy？

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (cities) from 2006 to 2020, this paper selects 2011 and 2017 as the time nodes of the green finance pilot policy, and uses PSM-DID Model and Mediating Effect Model to empirically analyze and verify the promotion effect and mechanism of the green finance pilot policy on the low-carbon transformation of the economy. The study found that both the green finance pilot policies in 2011 and 2017 can promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy, and the policy effect is significant. The Mediation Mechanism Test found that the green finance pilot policy could promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy through two paths: optimization of energy structure and improvement of technological innovation level. The Dynamic Effect Test found that the policy effect of the green finance pilot policy in 2011 to promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy is continuous, while the policy effect of the green finance pilot policy in 2017 to promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy is less continuous. However, the policy effects of the green finance pilot policies in 2011 and 2017 will weaken over time. This paper enriches and develops the relevant research on the green finance pilot policy, providing empirical evidence and research enlightenment for China to further expand the construction scope of the green finance reform and innovation pilot zone, implement green finance policies, and promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy.

Strategic Planning and Ecological Safety Evaluation of University Campuses on Green Marketing Principles

Strategic planning of university campuses (UC) aims to harmonize nature, humans, and architectural complexes, enhancing the positive university image through specialized green and recreation zones. Highly urbanized UC areas, particularly with nearby roads, encounter increased technogenic load and pose additional health hazards. The purpose of the paper is the evaluation of the environmental safety level of the UC recreational territories on the example of campuses of Kyiv universities, located nearby highly loaded roads, using a complex of express methods of analysis, mathematical modeling and criterion-based approach, considering the main green economy principles. The scientific novelty of the paper and the authors’ contribution is in the assessment of the environmental safety level of city-type UC recreational territories being under the significant technogenic load from vehicle emissions. Such express analysis methods as densimetry, viscometry, stalagmometry, conductometry, potentiometry and optical methods, and in particular, refractometric studies have been used to assess the impact of vehicle emissions. The mathematical modeling and computational experiment have been carried out for dispersion fields of the main vehicle emissions pollutants. Ecologically acceptable distances from the road considering the specifics of recreational territory have been determined using the integral index of technogenic load. Propositions for minimizing human health hazards and improving the system of environmental monitoring of such territories have been provided and substantiated. The study also confirms the positive effects of environmental management and green marketing principles synergy, benefiting both nature and humans as well as the university image. Obtained results can be used for the design and reconstruction of UC and their recreational areas, as well as for planning roads located nearby the campuses, improving traffic on them. It is also convenient to foresee the enhancement of the environmental activities in the student research work and create student communities for monitoring the UC environmental state and the development of eco-startup projects.

How Does the 2D/3D Urban Morphology Affect the Urban Heat Island across Urban Functional Zones? A Case Study of Beijing, China

Studying driving factors of the urban heat island phenomenon is vital for enhancing urban ecological environments. Urban functional zones (UFZs), key for planning and management, have a substantial impact on the urban thermal environment through their two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) morphology. Despite prior research on land use and landscape patterns, understanding the effects of 2D/3D urban morphology in different UFZs is lacking. This study employs Landsat-8 remote sensing data to retrieve the land surface temperature (LST). A method combining supervised and unsupervised classification is proposed for UFZ mapping, utilizing multi-source geospatial data. Subsequently, parameters defining the 2D/3D urban morphology of UFZs are established. Finally, the Pearson correlation analysis and GeoDetector are used to analyze the driving factors. The results indicate the following: (1) In the Fifth Ring Road area of Beijing, the residential zones exhibit the highest LST, followed by the industrial zones. (2) In 2D urban morphology, the percentage of built-up landscape (built-PLAND) and Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI) are the main factors influencing LST. In 3D urban morphology, building density, the sky view factor (SVF), and the area-weighted mean shape index (shape index) are the main factors influencing LST. Therefore, low-density buildings with simple and dispersed shapes contribute to mitigating LST, while fragmented distributions of trees, grasslands, and water bodies also play important roles in alleviating LST. (3) In the interactive detection results, all UFZs show the highest interaction detection results with the built-PLAND. (4) Spatial variations are observed in the impact of different UFZs on LST. For instance, in the residential zones, industrial zones, green space zones, and public service zones, the SVF is negatively correlated with LST, while in the commercial zones, the SVF exhibits a positive correlation with LST.

People of the sun: Local resistance and solar energy (in)justice in southern Portugal

This paper explores a public controversy surrounding a large solar power plant planned for the village of Cercal, in Alentejo, southern Portugal, mobilizing energy justice literature to shed light on the contradictions and injustices (re)produced by hegemonic energy transitions. Drawing on qualitative data from interviews, fieldwork and document analysis, this controversy is unpacked through three main tenets of energy justice: distributional, procedural and recognition, contributing to current research on solar energy justice.Our empirical findings indicate that the local population and environmental movements are concerned that Cercal might become a “green sacrifice zone” for the sake of the hegemonic energy transition. Procedural injustices were of particular concern, with interviewees claiming that the public consultation process failed to involve the local community, indicating that the State and corporate actors do not recognize residents as legitimate stakeholders, disregarding protest and active discord as legitimate forms of political participation.This original case study, unfolding in a country currently experiencing a significant lithium mining controversy, is a flagship example of how top-down and corporate energy transitions are major drivers of energy injustices, enforcing green grabbing and the enactment of green sacrifice zones under the aegis of carbon reductionism. In order to address these contradictions, a radical shift in the socioeconomic and political dynamics underlying the hegemonic energy transition is urgently needed, alongside the meaningful involvement of local communities in decision-making processes directly affecting their territories and livelihoods.

Program KKN sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Penyebaran Covid-19 di Desa Srimahi Kecamatan Tambun Utara Kabupaten Bekasi

Efforts to handle the Covid-19 outbreak are carried out in mutual cooperation where various parties unite to overcome and prevent the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak. Various cooperation programs are carried out with one of them being the campus and the community. The campus in one of its programs, namely the Real Work Lecture, is an implication program of the Tri Dharma of higher education, namely community service. In this case, students and lecturers of Industrial Engineering at Bhayangkara University, Jakarta, launched a Community Service Program with the Efforts to Control the Spread of Covid-19 Program which was divided into 2 fields, namely the field of physical infrastructure and public health. The main objective of this Covid-19 response program is to assist government programs in breaking the rope of the spread of Covid-19 with physical and non-physical programs so that Srimahi Village becomes one of the Covid-19-free green zone villages. The activities carried out were making hand washing equipment, providing hand sanitizer, procuring masks, spraying disinfectants, installing health protocol posters. The impact of this activity is a decrease in the number of residents infected with Covid-19 and an increase in public awareness of the importance of health protocols during the Covid- 19 Pandemic.

Mapping pollen allergenicity from urban trees in Valencia: A tool for green infrastructure planning

Urban trees provide many benefits to citizens but also have associated disservices such as pollen allergenicity. Pollen allergies affect 40% of the European population, a problem that will be exacerbated with climate change by lengthening the pollen season. The allergenic characteristics of the urban trees and urban parks of the city of Valencia (Spain) have been studied. The Value of Potential Allergenicity (VPA) was calculated for all species. The most abundant allergenic trees with a very high VPA were the cypresses, followed by Platanus x hispanica and species of genera Morus, Acer and Fraxinus, with a high VPA. On the contrary, Citrus x aurantium, Melia azedarach, Washingtonia spp., Brachychiton spp. and Jacaranda mimosifolia were among the most abundant low allergenic trees. VPA was mapped for the city and a hot spot analysis was applied to identify areas of clustering of high and low VPA values. This geostatistical analysis provides a comprehensive representation of the VPA patterns which is very useful for urban green infrastructure planning. The Index of Urban Green Zone Allergenicity (IUGZA) was calculated for the main parks of the city. The subtropical and tropical flora component included many entomophilous species and the lowest share of high and very high allergenic trees in comparison with the Mediterranean and Temperate components. Overall, a diversification of tree species avoiding clusters of high VPA trees, and the prioritization of species with low VPA are good strategies to minimize allergy-related impacts of urban trees on human health.

WAYS TO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STATE REGULATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE AND ARTISTIC ACTIVITY, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULATION OF SOCIETY DURING THE WAR

This paper explores the effectiveness of state regulatory strategies in fostering socio-economic development and enhancing artistic activity in Ukraine during ongoing military conflict and environmental pressures. It delves into the crucial balance between state control and market autonomy, utilizing both historical insights and modern global practices to suggest improvements in regulatory frameworks. The focus is on a cohesive governance approach that integrates economic stabilization measures, cultural enrichment, and environmental sustainability initiatives to enhance societal resilience and well-being. This paper aims to explore strategic approaches that can enhance the effectiveness of such regulations, specifically focusing on socio-economic growth and the flourishing of artistic activities, while simultaneously considering the vital role of environmental stimulation as a catalyst for societal endurance and morale. The methodology of the conducted research involves the use of methods of comparative analysis, historical and strategic analysis, forecasting. The used methods made it possible to propose directions for solving the tasks and strategic directions. The study demonstrates that specific economic policies, such as tax breaks for key sectors and increased financial support for the arts, have significantly strengthened economic stability and continuity. State-sponsored artistic endeavors have rejuvenated Ukraine's cultural landscape, boosting both national spirit and international cultural engagement. Additionally, environmental measures, like establishing urban green zones and promoting community farming, have been shown to improve mental health and social unity, showcasing the benefits of incorporating environmental aspects into governance during times of war. The paper addresses the complexities of integrating diverse policy areas, managing resources efficiently, and sustaining public involvement under conflict conditions. It proposes an adaptable, dynamic regulatory framework to tackle these challenges. Recommendations include adopting a comprehensive policy approach, enhancing governance flexibility, and seeking international collaboration to optimize state regulation. The findings emphasize the critical role of state intervention in aligning socio-economic and cultural development, offering valuable guidance for policymakers dealing with the intricacies of governance in conflict-impacted regions.

Impact of green finance on green energy efficiency: A pathway to sustainable development in China

Green energy efficiency (GEE) is pivotal for sustainable economic growth, particularly in the context of China's ambitious environmental goals. This study assesses the impact of Green Financial Reform and Innovation Pilot Zones on GEE from 2005 to 2020, using the SBM-GML method and a Double Difference Model (DID). Findings indicate a significant improvement in GEE within these zones, driven by advancements in green innovation and environmental regulation. At the micro level, firms in pilot zones show enhanced Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance and experience fewer financial constraints. The effectiveness of green finance policies is more pronounced in resource-rich and financially efficient regions, suggesting that these initiatives can significantly contribute to sustainable development. Based on empirical evidence, we recommend expanding pilot zones, promoting green technological innovation, and developing tailored green finance policies to address regional ecological sensitivities.

Самоочищение атмосферного воздуха от пылевых частиц в условиях прибрежного морского климата

The intensity of air pollution depends on the characteristics of pollution sources, distance from the sea, terrain, density of residential buildings and the presence of a green zone. The influence of climatic conditions on the distribution of suspended particulate matter in the atmospheric surface layer of Vladivostok was studied. The aim of the study was to determine the particle size distribution of suspended particulate matter in the atmospheric surface layer and to assess the conditions for self-purification of urban air under the influence of the coastal maritime climate. The assessment of the urban air pollution with suspended particulate matter was carried out in two areas with different levels of pollution. The human breathing zone was examined. The temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind direction and speed at sampling points were determined. We used monitoring of meteorological data (dew point, wind gusts, clouds, fog) from the nearest regional meteorological stations. Statistical processing included the “Canonical Analysis” module. In the polluted area of the city the atmospheric circulation (direction, speed and gusts of wind) greatly affect the distribution of fine-dispersed particles (2.5–10.0 µm) that are hazardous to health. The impact of temperature and humidity conditions is reduced in power. The temperature and humidity regime, atmospheric pressure, cloudiness with frequent fog affect the ultrafine dust spectrum in the slightly polluted island area of the city. The above factors contribute to the enhancement of the nanoparticle nucleation process. Self-purification of the air surface layer from dust particles in both polluted and slightly polluted areas of Vladivostok is associated with the southerly winds. The monsoon maritime climate defines the air purifying in the region. The temperature and humidity regime actively affects the dust disperse composition in both sampling sites. In the island area of the city it determines the content of particles up to 10 µm; in the continental area – fractions of 0.1–50.0 µm.