Green Standard For Energy And Environmental Design Research Articles

녹색건축인증제도(G-SEED)의 인증항목별 득점현황 연구: 공동주택부문 본인증 대상으로

녹색건축인증제도(G-SEED)의 인증항목별 득점현황 연구: 공동주택부문 본인증 대상으로

The Early Case for Stabilization and Sustainability of Korean G-SEED Based on Collaborative Governance: A Theoretical Review

This article aims to identify the significance of collaborative governance in the initial stage of the system for stabilization and sustainability through a case study of the introduction of the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) certification system. To this end, the collaborative governance model was examined, and how the initial drivers and collaborative dynamics contributed to the stabilization and sustainability of the G-SEED certification system were investigated. Based on a theoretical literature review, a descriptive case study was conducted by applying the Integrated Framework of Collaborative Governance framework to address how multi-stakeholder collaboration works in G-SEED. The results of this study demonstrate that the drivers and collaborative dynamics in the early G-SEED contributed to a major revision of green building certification regulations and standards as outcomes of collaborative actions and to a continued increase in the number of certifications. This article argues that the stabilization and sustainability of the certification system depend on how multiple stakeholders collaborate and establish collaborative governance in the early stage of system introduction. It suggests that in the case of G-SEED, it is necessary to consider the implications derived from the results based on collaboration among sectors to achieve qualitative growth rather than quantitative expansion.

레디믹스트 콘크리트의 환경성적표지인증 개선에 관한 연구

Since the revision of the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED), Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) of building materials has increased rapidly as additional points have been given to use building materials that have obtained EPD based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In particular, the cumulative number of (Environmental Product Declaration–EPD) of ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is increasing every year from 18 in 2018, 109 in 2019, 501 in 2020, and 809 in 2021. In order to increase the reliability of the current EPD results, this study aims to present an improvement plan for the certification of EPD of RMC by analyzing the RMC Product Category Rules (PCR) as stipulated by the EPD. As a result of PCR analysis, there was a need to subdivide the method of allocating the number of processes, and there was a need to indicate the calculation of emissions of individual factories. Through this RMC PCR analysis, it is expected to be used as a review data for revising EPD's general product preparation guidelines, building material preparation guidelines, and remicon preparation guidelines in the future.

Influencing of the Building Energy Policies upon the Efficiency of Energy Consumption: The Case of Courthouse Buildings in South Korea

As Korea has declared to realize a net-zero emission by 2050 in the Paris Agreement, the country has begun to implement national energy efficiency policies through the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) certification and revision of building insulation thickness standard. However, some studies have reported the ineffectiveness of G-SEED certification and insulation thickness standard in reducing the energy consumption in certain buildings. Therefore, this study investigated the effectiveness of G-SEED certification and the revision of buildings’ insulation thickness standard, and evaluated the energy consumption of courthouse buildings. In addition, this study investigated the total annual energy consumption (electricity, gas, and heating energy) per gross floor area of courthouse buildings located in the central and southern regions of South Korea. Although many studies about the energy consumption analysis of non-residential buildings have been performed previously, a study evaluating the effectiveness of green certification and building insulation thickness standard on the energy consumption of courthouse buildings was performed for the first time. The results revealed that the revision of building insulation thickness standard and G-SEED certification resulted in an energy consumption efficiency of 34.61 and 31.14%, respectively. These results indicated the effectiveness of G-SEED certification and the revision of the building insulation thickness standard for enhancing energy efficiency in Korean courthouse buildings. However, some negative results were observed in the southern area, indicating that it is essential to increase the effectiveness of the building insulation thickness standard and G-SEED certification implementation.

G-SEED의 시각 환경평가 개선을 위한 친환경 인증제도 비교연구 - 업무시설을 중심으로 -

People spend 90% of their daily life indoors. Analysis and evaluation of workplace indoor environments become more important. Yet, the evaluation method of the domestic green building rating system focuses on energy efficiency for the light environment rather than the visual environment. Thus, this study aims to present the improvement of the visual environment evaluation of the workspace in G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design). As a research method, visual environmental factors and measurement methods were investigated. The comparative analysis is conducted on visual environment evaluation of G-SEED, LEED, BREEAM, DGNB, including the integrated evaluation methods for human well-being; WELL Certification. The improvement points for the integrated and quantitative evaluation of visual elements for the office facilities in G-SEED are as follows. Factors that affect vision should be derived and applied to the evaluation, and evaluation from an integrated perspective on the visual environment is necessary. In particular, it needs to supplement the visual environment evaluation of the workspace. G-SEED should be supplemented and developed according to the global trend toward human welfare based on this quantitative measurement method.

Development of Material Combination Model Considering Economics and Construction Efficiency for G-SEED Certification

The Korean government proposed a goal to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 37% compared to business-as-usual levels by 2030 and launched the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) certification system. The certification requires meeting the required score and material selection with a secured economy and construction efficiency. However, most buildings only focus on obtaining the certification scores instead of choosing economical materials with high construction efficiency. This research focused on developing a material selection model that considers both the construction efficiency and economy of the materials and the acquisition of material and resource evaluation scores from the G-SEED certification. This research, therefore, analyzed actual data to automate the material selection and compare alternatives to using a genetic algorithm to obtain optimized alternatives. This model proposes an alternative to constructability and economy when the required score and material information is entered. When the model was applied to actual cases, the result revealed a reduction in construction costs of about 37% compared to the cost with the traditional methods. The material selection model from this research can benefit construction project owners in terms of cost reduction, designers in terms of structural design time, and constructors in terms of construction efficiency.

Analysis of the Characteristics of Environmental Impacts According to the Cut-Off Criteria Applicable to the Streamlined Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) of Apartment Buildings in South Korea

This study analyzed the characteristics of the environmental impacts of apartment buildings, a typical housing type in South Korea, as part of a research project supporting the streamlined life cycle assessment (S-LCA) of buildings within the G-SEED (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) framework. Three recently built apartment building complexes were chosen as study objects for the quantitative evaluation of the buildings in terms of their embodied environmental impacts (global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone layer depletion potential, photochemical oxidant creation potential, and abiotic depletion potential), using the LCA approach. Additionally, we analyzed the emission trends according to the cut-off criteria of the six environmental impact categories by performing an S-LCA with cut-off criteria 90–99% of the cumulative weight percentile. Consequently, we were able to present the cut-off criterion best suited for S-LCA and analyze the effect of the cut-off criteria on the environmental impact analysis results. A comprehensive environmental impact analysis of the characteristics of the six environmental impact categories revealed that the error rate was below 5% when the cut-off criterion of 97.5% of the cumulative weight percentile was applied, thus verifying its validity as the optimal cut-off criterion for S-LCA.

Development of an assessment method for energy performance of residential buildings using G-SEED in South Korea

ABSTRACT A new assessment method for the “Energy Performance” issue in the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) was developed in this study. First, the corresponding issues in green building rating systems in advanced countries were reviewed and analysed, and then a new assessment method that uses dynamic building energy simulation programs was developed. The most important part of the new method was developing guidelines for modelling a reference building using simulation programs. Therefore, details of the simulation inputs for a reference building model were provided, and new guidelines were developed in this study. To evaluate the new assessment method, it was applied to a multi-residential building in Seoul, South Korea, and the results were compared to those from the current assessment method in G-SEED.

A Study of the Green Building Benefits in Apartment Buildings According to Real Estate Prices: Case of Non-Capital Areas in South Korea

Recently, the importance of green building certification in consideration of environmentally friendly factors is being emphasized more when constructing buildings in South Korea. The Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) is one of the strategies used by the Korean government to effectively reduce building environmental loads. However, due to the large investment needed to acquire green building certification, building owners, stakeholders, and designers often contemplate how to balance G-SEED certification benefits and the additional costs they involve. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the benefits of G-SEED certification in terms of post-occupancy financial advantages through a comparative analysis of real estate prices of apartments in the Yeongnam area. All of the major factors affecting apartment real estate prices in South Korea were considered, and the real estate price difference between G-SEED certified and non-certified apartments was determined through a one-sample t-test. The results demonstrated that G-SEED certified apartment real estate prices were 9.52% higher than non-certified apartments. This study concluded that G-SEED certification–related investment is worth the additional cost as it increases the real estate value of a building.

Development of a Green Building Materials Integrated Platform Based on Materials and Resources in G-SEED in South Korea

Various eco-friendly materials are used in the construction industry. South Korea employs the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED), a green building certification system, in which materials account for 11% of the evaluation criteria. However, data for each eco-friendly material are managed individually by different institutions, causing inefficiency, increased costs, and potentially greater environmental impacts associated with material and resource selection. Hence, this study develops a green building materials integrated platform (GIP) that collates information on eco-friendly materials across different industries in South Korea, to support the G-SEED evaluations. Guidelines and standards related to each evaluation item were analyzed and used to compile a green building materials database. The database includes 12,636 data points representing product prices and environmental impact data. This database was used to develop the four-level Excel-based GIP. Case studies were conducted on actual G-SEED buildings to analyze the economic efficiency and environmental performance achieved by using alternative materials to those recommended by the GIP. Case 1 exhibits improvements in economic efficiency and environmental performance of 17% and 10%, respectively, whereas Case 2 exhibits improvements of 8% and 21%, respectively. Thus, both case studies boast superior combinations of green building materials compared to existing alternatives.

신재생에너지 보급 확대를 위한 정책 개선에 관한 연구

The Republic of Korea is implementing energy policies with the goal of New & Renewable Energy(NRE) development taking up 20% by 2030. However, among the 58 countries which are responsible for 90% of world green house gas emissions, Korea’s evaluation for action against climate change is continuously dropping every year. Therefore, for the effective expansion and supply of NRE facilities, changes need to be made to existing systems such as Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED), Building Energy Efficiency Rating System, Zero Energy Building System, Greenhouse Gas and Energy Target Management System, and Emissions Trading System. That is, if weighting on the introduction of NRE facilities and NRE diagnosis are incorporated into the evaluation of energy and environment-related systems, effective expansion and supply of such facilities can be expected.

녹색건축인증제 내 건축물 전과정 평가 방법에 따른 환경영향 평가 사례 연구

LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) analysis for buildings became a part of G-SEED (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design), which is a certificate program for green building in South Korea, to provide additional credits for the certificate. In this research, LCA analysis of a specific building which fulfills G-SEED program is performed to verify the environmental impact during the entire life cycle of the building. Moreover, the results of the analysis are used to identify the period of building life cycle which provides environmental impact the most. As a result, practical solution to reduce environmental impact in architecture field is suggested.

A Study of the Energy Efficiency Management in Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED)-Certified Apartments in South Korea

With an increase in the number of Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED)-certified apartments in South Korea, people are receiving incentives from the government to purchase them. Since 2013, many benefits for G-SEED-certified buildings have been offered, such as tax reductions and deregulation of building codes/guidelines. As beneficial incentives are granted to G-SEED-certified buildings, follow-up management of the buildings is also necessary. However, to date, there are no appropriate follow-up management systems or legal regulations for G-SEED-certified buildings. Buildings that are certified by G-SEED in Korean housing buildings account for 6.25% of Korea’s total area. In addition, G-SEED certification has been obtained for more than 20% of the total completed housing area (2014–2017). Therefore, the energy efficiency-management of G-SEED certified buildings is also very important economically for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, domestic and foreign energy efficiency follow-up management systems were analyzed, and the amount of energy that is used by apartment houses with incentives was investigated. We have identified problems with the G-SEED system by analyzing evaluation methods, evaluation items, and points of G-SEED certification in related research studies. We also compared the energy consumption of an apartment building with G-SEED certification with that of adjacent complexes, thereby applying original research methods. The results show that energy use in G-SEED-certified buildings was not efficient. Accordingly, the study confirms that continuous management after G-SEED certification by establishing a follow-up management system is needed. In this study, domestic and foreign follow-up management systems were compared, problems with the apartment housing information management system run by the government were examined, and improvement measures were suggested.

Analysis of the Primary Building Materials in Support of G-SEED Life Cycle Assessment in South Korea

In recent years, much research has been conducted internationally to quantitatively evaluate the environmental impact of buildings in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address associated environmental problems. With this in mind, the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) in South Korea was revised in 2016. However, the various possible evaluation methods make it difficult to conduct building life cycle assessment. Moreover, compared to research on residential buildings, life cycle assessment research on non-residential buildings is scarce. Therefore, this study analyzes primary building materials for life cycle assessment of current non-residential buildings to support Korean G-SEED requirements. Design documents for various non-residential buildings are obtained, and the types and numbers of materials used in production are determined. Next, the primary building materials contributing high cumulative weight based on the ISO14040 series of standards are analyzed. We then review the most commonly-used building materials while considering non-residential building types and structures. In addition, construction material reliability is evaluated using the environmental impact unit value. With our results, by suggesting the primary building materials in non-residential buildings, efficient life cycle assessment of non-residential buildings is possible in terms of time and cost.

Analysis of Green Building Certification System for Developing G-SEED

G-SEED (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) is operating in Korea as a certification system to evaluate the environmental friendliness of buildings. Buildings are generating loads such as carbon dioxide emission, energy consumption, the consumption of resources, destruction of natural ecosystem, change of global climate, pollution of indoor environment, and waste generation. For this purpose, a green building certification system has been introduced. In the green building certification system, evaluation of buildings through methods such as utilization of natural energy, adoption of energy saving system, rainwater management, etc., is induced to reduce environmental load. These certification systems are operated by each country. The level of the certification system is different according to the characteristics such as climate environment. BREEAM in the UK and LEED in the US are operating a version for international certification as well as domestic certification. In this study, analyze the certification system which operates the global version such as BREEAM, LEED. And to investigate the differences between domestic and international versions of each version of the certification system. Certification items classified as reflected by climate characteristics, national characteristics reflected items, general items, such as attempts to analyze the rating system. And certification items were grouped into general “Global certification items” having no specificity for locality and “Local certification items” that differ by each locality according to social, environmental, and political factors. Using the analysis results that comparison of LEED and BREEAM, the study then aims to ascertain the possibility of whether the G-SEED can be used to certify international buildings. And explore the possibility of developing international version of the G-SEED and indicate the direction of G-SEED amendments that may arise in the future. The study results would be available as basic data at the development of G-SEED for international version.

녹색건축 인증제의 절수형기기 사용 인증항목 성능기준 제안

Purpose: In order to develop G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) as a global certification system in accordance with the international trend, this study proposes a revision to the performance standard for the

A Comparison of the Green Building Certification System between South Korea and Vietnam

The countries around the world have developed and operated systems which assesses the environment-friendliness of buildings. The levels of certification systems differ to the circumstances by countries such as weather conditions and natural features. This study compared Korea’s certification system of Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) to LOTUS, a Vietnamese certification system and checked the operating methods. Especially the certification criteria of non-residential buildings were comparatively analyzed. Certification criteria in G-SEED and LOTUS certification systems have similar categories and weights. Regarding certification items, there are similar items in terms of assessment methods. However, some items are assessed separately by each system. The results of this study would be available as fundamental data for developing an international certification system for G-SEED. This study could be available as a reference in the development of global certification system in the future.

웰빙 중심 친환경 건축인증을 위한 연구 - 웰빙항목 도입을 위한 전문가 AHP 분석을 중심으로 -

Purpose: This study is conducted to contribute to the improvement of Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design(G-SEED) from the existing energy physical efficiency-centric system to the well-being-centric green building certification system. Method: In order to modify existing G-SEED Certification, three phases of research have been conducted; 1) identification of needs of well-being-centric environment-friendly construction certification system, 2) comparison of domestic certification system with WELL Building standard(WELL) which focuses on human health and promotion of wellness and 3) AHP analysis to sort out the supplement items from WELL. Result: We proposed four alternatives which should be preferentially introduced to the existing domestic certification system; addition of independent 'well-being' section(field) in G-SEED, insertion of 'well-being' indicators in each relevant section of G-SEED, addition of 'well-being' indicators in 'Innovative Design(ID)' of G-SEED and independent score systems for 25 items in a high priority.

조경관점의 녹색건축 인증기준에 대한 방향 정립

조경관점의 녹색건축 인증기준에 대한 방향 정립

북한의 신축 건축물 예측을 통한 통일 후 한반도 녹색건축물 관련 인증제도의 시장 분석 - 건축물에너지절약계획서, 건축물에너지효율등급 및 녹색건축인증을 중심으로 -

북한의 신축 건축물 예측을 통한 통일 후 한반도 녹색건축물 관련 인증제도의 시장 분석 - 건축물에너지절약계획서, 건축물에너지효율등급 및 녹색건축인증을 중심으로 -