Green Synthesis Method Research Articles

Recent Advances in Multifaceted Drug Delivery Using Natural Polysaccharides and Polyacrylamide-Based Nanomaterials in Nanoformulation

Abstract: Rapid growth in nanotechnology, also known as 21st-century technology, is occurring in response to the increasing diversity of diseases. The development of safe and effective drug delivery methods to enhance bioavailability is of paramount importance. Researchers have focused on creating safe, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly nanoparticle construction processes. Natural polysaccharides, a type of multifaceted polymer with a wide range of applications and advantages, are particularly well suited for nanoparticle formulations, as they can mitigate the adverse consequences of synthetic nanoparticle formulations and promote sustainability. This review summarizes various sources of natural-based polysaccharides and polyacrylamide-based nanomaterials in nanoparticle preparation. Additionally, it discusses the use of natural polysaccharides in formulations beyond nanotechnology, highlighting their importance in green synthesis and different preparation methods.

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of silver nanoparticles stabilized with C-phycocyanin against drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

BackgroundBiofilms are bacterial communities that can protect them against external factors, including antibiotics. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were formed by modifying AgNPs with C-phycocyanin (Ag-Pc) to inhibit the growth of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR P. aeruginosa) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and destroy biofilm of these bacteria.MethodsThe AgNPs were prepared with the green synthesis method, and Pc was used to stabilize the AgNPs. The Ag-Pc’s antibacterial and antibiofilm effects were evaluated using the Microbroth dilution method and microtiter plate assay. The inhibitory effect of Ag-Pc on the expression of biofilm-related genes was evaluated by real-time PCR. Moreover, the MTT assay was used to assess the Ag-Pc toxicity.ResultsThe Ag-Pc minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 7.4 μg/mL for CR P. aeruginosa and MRSA. Pc did not show antibacterial effects against any of the strains. Ag-Pc suppressed biofilm formation and destroyed matured biofilm in both bacteria more efficiently than the AgNPs (P< 0.05). The expression of all genes was not significantly reduced in the presence of synthesized nanoparticles. Finally, the MTT assay results did not show toxicity against a murine fibroblast cell line (L929) at MIC concentration.ConclusionThe present study showed the promising potential of Pc for improving the antibacterial and antibiofilm function of AgNPs and inhibiting drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, Ag-Pc nanoparticles can be considered a promising therapeutic approach for the managing of the bacterial biofilm.

Combating Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with Moringa-Synthesized Silica Nanoparticles and Its Combination with Some Insecticides.

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a major agricultural pest known for developing resistance to insecticides. This study investigated a novel approach to manage FAW by silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) synthesized from eco-friendly leaf extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae). This green synthesis method offers a sustainable and potentially safer alternative to traditional chemical processes. SiNP formation was confirmed by various techniques: UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray spectroscopy with energy-dispersive (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effectiveness of SiNPs alone and their combination with three common insecticides (emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, and chlorpyrifos) were evaluated against third instar larvae of fall armyworm. While SiNPs after 24h by leaf dipping method recorded limited insecticidal activity (LC50 = 9947.59mg/L), it significantly enhanced the potency of all three insecticides. Combining SiNPs with emamectin benzoate resulted in the most dramatic increase in effectiveness compared to the insecticide alone with LC50 = 0.295mg/L and 0.42mg/L, respectively. This research suggests that moringa extract can be a valuable resource for the green synthesis of nanoparticles potentially useful in pest control. This approach could potentially reduce the amount of insecticide needed for effective pest control, leading to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practice.

Self-assembly of S,N-codoped Ce/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles for fluorescence and visual detection of hexavalent chromium.

Ce2(SO4)3 was doped into 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (DAMP)-encapsulated copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) via a facile, rapid, low-temperature, and green self-assembly synthesis method to obtain fluorescent S,N-codoped Cu/Ce-DAMP nanoparticles (S,N-codoped Cu/CeNPs) for the detection of Cr(VI). The prepared Cu/CeNPs exhibit double emission peaks at 470nm and 610nm. Thefluorescence emission at 610nm is significantly enhanced due to the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect, and the quantum yield is as high as 20.19%. The fluorescence emission at 610nm can be selectively quenched by Cr(VI) due to the internal filter effect (IFE) and dynamic quenching, whereas the weak fluorescence at 470nm remains almost stable. On this basis, a fluorescence assay method for Cr(VI) was established, with good linearity in the concentration range 0.5-120µM and a detection limit (LOD) of 134nM. Using a smartphone to take photos of the fluorescence signals changes caused by Cr(VI) rapid visual detectionis achieved with a linear range of 10-130 μM and a LOD of 2.35 μM. The proposed method was successfully applied to the detection of Cr(VI) in actual water samples.

Detection of urea in milk by urease-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers combined with portable colorimetric microliter tube.

Asimple one-pot green synthesis method was used to prepare urease-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (UE-HNFs), which had a high surface-to-volume ratio to improve enzyme catalytic efficiency and make urease reusable. A portable colorimetric microliter tube based on urease-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (UE-HNFs-PCMT), as an urea colorimetric biosensor, was developed for determining urea concentration in milk. The combination of urea colorimetric biosensor and asmartphone is usedfor capturingthe colour change of milk after reaction. There was a good linear relationship between colour intensity of the image (Δ intensity) and urea concentration (43-600mg L-1), with a detection limit of 12.81mg L-1. UE-HNFs-PCMT has the advantages of no need for complex equipment, easy operation, reusability, low detection cost, good portability, and environmental friendliness and can achieve urea detection in milk.

Plant‐Based Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: An Update on Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity

AbstractNanotechnology has changed and developed all the sectors and working fields. Nanoparticles are one of the important evolutionary materials that have application in almost all the working areas such as catalysis, bioengineering, photoelectricity, antibacterial, anticancer, and medical imaging due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Traditionally used chemical and physical method of synthesis of nanoparticles have several disadvantages like using different chemicals, high cost, and most importantly they are hazardous to the environment. Counter to these disadvantages, a more eco‐friendly, easy, and cost‐effective green synthesis method is widely employed nowadays. Various parts of a plant are used as a fuel for reducing the metal ion salt. Plant extracts act as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents. Besides these advantages, photosynthesized nanoparticles are nontoxic, more stable, and more uniform in size than their counterparts prepared by the traditional method. In this present review, the synthesis of various plant extract‐mediated metal and metal oxide nanoparticles is discussed along with their different applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of key findings in green synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and attempts to determine their possible synthesis mechanism. This article also focuses on factors affecting their synthesis, characterization, potential applications, and prospects.

Green Synthesis of Luminescent Carbon Dots from Ficus benghalensis Aerial Roots for Bioimaging.

In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared using a one-step hydrothermal green synthesis method from a low-cost and eco-friendly renewable biomass, specifically the Ficus benghalensis aerial roots (FB-AR). For the past two decades, CQDs have been noted for their tunable emission spectrum, quantum yield, biocompatibility, photostability, and unique optoelectronic properties such as photoluminescence (PL), and fluorescence. The synthesized Ficus benghalensis carbon quantum dots (FB-CQDs) were characterized for their physical, structural, and chemical properties using XRD, Raman, HRTEM, XPS, FTIR, TG-DTG, UV-visible, and photoluminance analysis. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of phytoconstituent functionalities and the composition of components. The FB-CQDs, which exhibit long-range emissions, have potential applications in various biological and therapeutic fields. Their bioimaging capability is tested in Escherichia coli bacteria. However, despite their promising characteristics, the FB-CQDs showed no antibacterial inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, likely due to its carbonization temperature.

Green synthesis of ZnO and Ni-doped ZnO from okra stalks for the photocatalytic degradation of Procion Red MX-5B

This study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of Procion Red MX-5B (PRM) using ZnO and Ni-doped ZnO catalysts derived from okra stalks through a green synthesis method. Various parameters, including hydrogen peroxide concentration (HPC), catalyst amount, nickel (Ni) doping amount, initial PRM concentration, and pH, are systematically studied to assess their impact on PRM degradation efficiency. The results reveal that both ZnO and Ni-doped ZnO catalysts exhibit promising photocatalytic activity, with the highest PRM degradation efficiency achieved at the following reaction conditions: 6 mM of HPC, 40 mg of Ni(7%):ZnO catalyst, 10 ppm initial PRM concentration, and pH = 6. Under these conditions, the Ni-doped ZnO catalyst demonstrated a degradation efficiency of 98.08% compared to 82.99% for the ZnO catalyst. The study highlights the potential of these catalysts for efficient organic pollutant removal and provides valuable insights into the factors influencing their photocatalytic performance.

Cell membrane camouflaged Cu-doped mesoporous polydopamine for combined CT/PTT/CDT synergistic treatment of breast cancer

Currently, traditional monotherapy for cancer often results in indiscriminate attacks on the body, leading to the emergence of new health problems. To confront these challenges, multimodal combination therapy has become necessary. However, how to develop new smart nanomaterials through green synthesis methods, delivering drugs while simultaneously synergizing multimodal combination therapies for tumor treatment, remains a topic of great significance. In this study, a biomimetic composite nanomaterial (RM-Cu/P) composed of mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) as the core and red blood cell membranes (RBCMs) as the shell was synthesized as a drug carrier to deliver doxorubicin (DOX) while achieving synergistic chemotherapy, photothermal and chemodynamic therapy (CT/PTT/CDT). Herein, the nanoparticles were extensively characterized to examine their morphological characteristics, elemental composition, and drug-carrying capacity. Notably, the coating of RBCM reduced the toxicity of the RM-Cu/P@DOX nanoparticles, improved their targeting ability and prolonged their circulation time in vivo. The Cu-doped nanoparticles were capable of initiating a Fenton-like reaction to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for CDT, while the photothermal conversion efficiency (η) reached 45.20 % under NIR laser irradiation. Subsequently, the particles were examined by in vivo and in vitro experimental studies in cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, ROS levels, lysosomal escape, and mouse tumor model to evaluate their potential application in antitumor. Compared with monotherapy, the RM-Cu/P@DOX nanoparticles had multiple-stimulation response properties under redox, pH, and NIR, which exhibited the advantage of combined trimodal therapy, resulting in remarkable synergistic antitumor efficacy. In conclusion, this innovative platform exhibited promising applications in smart drug delivery and synergistic treatment of cancer.

Microstructures, optical, magnetic properties, and specific absorption rate of novel magnetite/mesoporous silica nanoparticles synthesized using green route for magnetic hyperthermia application

In this study, novel magnetite (Fe3O4)/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were prepared by the green synthesis method using Moringa oleifera extract with various MSN concentrations. The crystallite size of Fe3O4/MSN decreased from 10.5 to 9.0 nm with the increase of MSN concentrations. However, as shown from transmission electron microscope images, the surface modification process increases its particle size from 10.7 ± 0.1–27.8 ± 0.3 nm. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that MSN has a porous structure, and the shape of Fe3O4/MSN was nearly spherical. The Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the functional group of Si-O-Si at 1041 cm−1, indicating a successful surface modification process. After modification using MSN, the band gap energy of the nanoparticles decreased from 3.61 to 3.27 eV. The magnetic properties analysis showed that the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/MSN was 55.32 ± 0.03 emu/g and 53.45 ± 0.04 emu/g, respectively. In contrast, the coercivity increased from 57.7 ± 0.3–149.5 ± 0.5 Oe. Additionally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of Fe3O4/MSN to evaluate its potential for magnetic hyperthermia applications were investigated. The highest SAR values of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/MSN were 91.8 mW/g and 86.7 mW/g, which decreased with increasing MSN concentrations. Furthermore, these results proved that the green-synthesized Fe3O4/MSN was a promising candidate and potentially optimized the performance of future magnetic hyperthermia applications.

Environmentally-friendly synthesis of platinum nanoparticles: phytochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of Cichorium intybus in different solvents

Cichorium intybus, a medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family, has long been utilized in traditional medicine across South and North Africa. This study explores the phytochemical profile, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of C. intybus leaf extracts and develops a green synthesis method for platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) using these extracts. Extracts were prepared using five solvent systems: 80% methanol, 80% ethanol, 100% methanol, 100% ethanol, and de-ionized water. The 80% methanolic extract showed the highest yield (12.79 g/100 g DW), total phenolic content (93.24 mg GAE/g DW), and total flavonoid content (8.92 mg CE/g DW). Antioxidant activity assays revealed that the 80% methanolic extract had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Additionally, the green synthesis of PtNPs was achieved using C. intybus extracts, indicated by a color change and a surface plasmon resonance band at 295 nm in UV–visible spectroscopy. Optimal synthesis conditions were pH 9, 120 min reaction time, and 90 °C. UV–visible and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis and stability of the PtNPs. These findings highlight the medicinal importance of Cichorium intybus and present a sustainable approach for synthesizing platinum nanoparticles, offering significant contributions to phytochemistry and nanotechnology.

Green Synthesis Study: Adsorption of Congo Red Dye with Selenium Nanoparticles Obtained from Prunus Armeniaca L. Leaf Waste

AbstractIn this study, it was aimed to remove Congo Red (CR) dye in aqueous solution by biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles from Prunus armeniaca L. (PAL‐SeNPs) leaf wastes by green synthesis method. The characteristic structure of PAL‐SeNPs was determined by UV‐vis spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry‐differential thermal analysis (TGA‐DTA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zetasizer, and point of zero charge (pHpzc). The effects of pH, adsorbent amount, time, initial concentration, and temperature were investigated by batch adsorption studies. 2 different kinetic and 4 isotherm models were tested and error analysis functions were determined for the most suitable model. Accordingly, the particle size, crystallinity, pHpzc value and average surface charge of PAL‐SeNPs were determined as 9.969 nm, 48.50 %, 3.47, and −23.6 mV, respectively. Also, the most suitable kinetic and isotherm models for the removal of CR dye with PAL‐SeNPs were found as Pseudo‐second‐order and Freundlich, with R2 values of 0.996, respectively. Also, where the optimum pH was 7.00, the maximum adsorption capacity was calculated as 96.59 mgCR/gPAL‐SeNPs. The results obtained show that environmentally friendly and low‐cost PAL‐SeNPs produced by the green synthesis method are a suitable alternative for the removal of CR dye.

Bio-fabrication of tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles Capped with rosmarinic acid in Argument with antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic degradation

This investigation emphasizes the green synthesis and economical method of SnO2-NPs using crude rosmarinic extract via ultrasonic-assisted extraction methodology. The leaf extract acts as an excellent reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent for SnO2 preparation. The morphology, elemental conformation, crystallinity, size and functional groups responsible for surface stabilization and capping of as-synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles, were characterized. UV absorption showed absorption peak of 200 nm with energy band gap of 2.23 eV and the functional groups recorded in the range of 400 to 4000 cm−1 defined SnO2 formation. The crystalline nature was confirmed via XRD, and both the element peaks (Sn and O) are observed through EDX analysis. The irregular spherical shapes of 6–18 nm are evaluated via TEM and SEM. SAED confirmed the nanocrystalline nature. The green synthesized SnO2 nanocomposite demonstrated excellent methylene blue photocatalytic efficiency, and the subsequent potential mechanism was proposed. Utilizing this nanocomposite, nearly 89.79 % of Methylene Blue was removed in 80 mins under direct sunlight, documenting it as an efficient photocatalyst. Furthermore, the nanocomposite demonstrated comparable antimicrobial activity towards Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, illustrating the effectiveness of the nanocomposite. Consequently, the current work explains the significant synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles and demonstrates their potential photocatalytic and antibacterial properties.

Catalytic synthesis of DHHB using solid acids

Abstract DHHB (Diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate) is a widely regarded UV absorber with a high degree of safety, excellent efficiency and good solubility characteristics. In the conventional method of DHHB synthesis, H2SO4 is not effective as a catalyst. To address this drawback, we synthesized solid acid (sulfonic acid group-modified ion exchange resin) catalysts to replace H2SO4 by suspension polymerization modification and optimized the process. The experimental results showed that the yield of DHHB could reach 85% at 110 °C for 10 h, and the conversion of DHHB could be maintained above 90% after 10 cycles of the catalyst. SEM, FT-IR characterization and analysis of the solid acid catalysts before and after use revealed that the catalysts did not show any significant changes. The use of solid acid not only improves the yield of DHHB and reduces the energy consumption in the experimental process, but also the solid acid is simple to recover, recycled and has less waste acid. This experiment successfully explored a green and economic synthesis method for synthesizing DHHB.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Bioreductant from Lime Juice Powder (<i>Citrus aurantifolia</i>): Effect of Concentration and pH

Significant development in antibacterial agents derived from metal nanoparticles is currently underway. One commonly employed type is silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which display potential antibacterial activity at lower concentrations compared to other metals. Due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and small size, AgNPs can readily penetrate bacterial cell walls. Green synthesis methods of AgNPs, such as utilizing plants as reducing agents, offer substantial advantages over other synthesis techniques. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia), containing compounds like flavonoids and saponins, can serve as a natural reducing agent, converting Ag+ ions to Ag0. This study aims to evaluate the effects of AgNO3 concentration, lime juice powder concentration, and pH on the formation and characteristics of AgNPs, as well as their activity against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Results indicate that at an AgNO3 concentration of 1 mM, lime juice extract at 1% with a pH of 9 produces optimal AgNP formation, with an absorbance of 4.631 and particle size of 68.4 nm. AgNPs exhibit higher antibacterial activity than AgNO3. AgNPs synthesized with lime juice powder can increase their activity and have the advantages of being safe and environmentally friendly since they use plant material as a reducing agent.

Synthesis of Luminescent Copper Nanoparticles Using Couroupita guianensis Flower Extract: Evaluation of Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities.

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a crucial research area aimed at developing innovative, cost-effective, and eco-friendly synthesis techniques for various applications. Herein, we synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuNPs) using Couroupita guianensis flower extract via a simple green synthesis method. These green CuNPs demonstrate promising antimicrobial activity and anticancer activity against A549 nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We comprehensively characterized the CuNPs using UV spectrum, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS analyses. The antibacterial and anticancerous performance is attributed to their spherical-like morphology, which enhances effective interaction with bacterial and cancer cells. Moreover, CuNPs proved effective in inactivating Escherichia coli, achieving 2%, 52%, and 99% inactivation at 0, 30, and 60 min, respectively, and Listeria monocytogenes, achieving 1%, 48%, and 98% inactivation at 0, 30, and 60 min, respectively, under visible light. Furthermore, the CuNPs exhibited significant anticancer activity against A549 NSCLC cells, achieving cell viability reductions of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 83%, and 91% at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg/mL, respectively. The green synthesized CuNPs demonstrate their potential in biomedical applications.

Sustainable degradation of AZO dyes using green synthesized lead nanoparticles and solar energy

This study explores the green synthesis of lead nanoparticles and their application in degrading the AZO dye Nicoracine under solar irradiation. UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed nanoparticle formation with a peak at 248 nm, indicating SPR. FTIR revealed functional groups from plant extracts aiding stabilization. XRD analysis showed a crystalline structure, while SEM and AFM indicated irregular shape and rough surface. The nanoparticles exhibited significant catalytic activity, enhancing Nicoracine degradation via solar light, facilitated by ROS generation. Kinetic analysis suggested a pseudo-first-order reaction model. This green synthesis method offers a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment and industrial pollution mitigation.

Green synthesis of neuroprotective spirocyclic chalcone derivatives and their role in protecting against traumatic optic nerve injury

For clinically prevalent traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) and other retinal and optic nerve injuries lacking effective therapeutic agents, there is an urgent clinical demand for developing highly efficient and safe neuroprotective agents. Here, we have integrated naturally sourced chalcone with isatin through a catalyst-free green synthesis method, reporting a series of spirocyclic chalcone derivatives with significantly lower cytotoxicity than chalcone itself. Following in vitro cell protection assays in models of hydrogen peroxide and glutamic acid-induced damage, multiple active compounds capable of combating both forms of damage were identified. Among these, candidate compound X38 demonstrated promising neuroprotective prospects: in vitro, it attenuated glutamate-induced cell apoptosis, while in vivo, it effectively ameliorated retinal thinning and loss of optic nerve electrophysiological function induced by optic nerve injury. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that X38 exerts its neuroprotective effects by mitigating intracellular ROS accumulation, inhibiting JNK phosphorylation, and alleviating oxidative stress. Additionally, acute toxicity studies (intraperitoneal injection, 500 mg/kg) underscored the favorable in vivo safety profile of X38. Taken together, this study has designed a class of safe, neuroprotective spirocyclic chalcone derivatives that can be synthesized using green methods, offering an attractive candidate for treating retinal and optic nerve injuries.

Biogenic Synthesis, Optimization, and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Rumex abyssinicus Jacq root extract for antioxidant and antibacterial activities

Nanoparticles may be synthesized through chemical, physical, and biological strategies, but the former strategies contain critical troubles, including environmental toxicity and cost-effectiveness. This work addresses adopting a green synthesis method for ZnO NPs using Rumex abyssinicus Jacq root extract for antibacterial and antioxidant programs. A UV–vis spectrophotometer optimized various factors, including temperature, pH, time, zinc acetate dihydrate attention, and the volume ratio of zinc acetate dihydrate to plant root extract. The biosynthesized ZnO NPs had been examined using exclusive characterization instrunments. ZnO NPs and Rumex abyssinicus Jacq root extract confirmed enormous inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacterial lines, inclusive of the gram-negative bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus typhi and the gram-positive bacterial pressure Staphylococcus aureus. ZnO NPs and Rumex abyssinicus Jacq root extract exhibited the best antioxidant sports. consequently, this has a look at confirmed that Rumex abyssinicus Jacq root extract is an effective decreasing agent for the synthesis of ZnO NPs, which exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant activities.

Chemical and Green Synthesis, Characterization, Electrical and Antimicrobial Activity of ZrO2 Nanoparticles

ZrO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a chemical and green synthesis method. Their structural, morphological, optical, anti microbial and electrochemical properties were characterized. The green and chemical synthesis of ZrO2 was achieved by using the ethanolic extract and NaOH as reagents. XRD analysis confirmed the ZrO2 nanoparticles' tetragonal crystal phase. The surface morphological properties under the phases of nucleation, growth and aggregation as well as elementary composition were confirmed by SEM and EDS. The Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) analysis was used to investigate into the functional groups that were present in the molecules of the synthesized nanomaterials. The presence of zirconium oxide nanoparticles with an optical band gap value between 4.73 and 5.48 eV was confirmed by the absorption spectra at 226-232 nm Antimicrobial studies showed that ZrO2 nanoparticles had bactericidal activity at a dose of 10 g/mL against Proteus vulgaris, Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. The overall results of this study showed that ZrO2 NPs with excellent bioremediation and antibacterial characteristics were formed. The electrochemical behavior of both ZrO2 nano particles was examined using cyclic voltammetry studies were observed. The maximum enhanced specific capacitance value at a 10 mV/s scan rate.