Green Computing Research Articles

Highly Conductive Alcohol‐Processable n‐Type Conducting Polymer Enabled by Finely Tuned Electrostatic Interactions for Green Organic Electronics

AbstractSolution‐processable conducting polymers open up a new era in organic electronics, fundamentally altering the processing methods of electronic devices. P‐type conducting polymers, exemplified by aqueous solution‐processed poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS), have been successfully commercialized. However, the performance of electron‐transporting (n‐type) materials remains considerably poorer. One of the primary challenges lies in striking a balance between conductivity and solvent processability. At present, most n‐type conducting polymers necessitate toxic solvents for processing, which contradicts environmentally sustainable principles and impedes their potential for large‐scale industrial applications. Herein, we developed an alcohol‐processable high‐performance n‐type conducting polymer, poly(3,7‐dihydrobenzo[1,2‐b : 4,5‐b’]difuran‐2,6‐dione): poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PBFDO : PEOx), which utilized electrostatic interactions between PEOx and PBFDO to simultaneously achieve high conductivity and alcohol‐processability. The PBFDO : PEOx films exhibited remarkable electrical conductivity exceeding 1000 S cm−1 with outstanding stability even at temperatures up to 250 °C, establishing it as a prominent green solvent‐processed n‐type conducting polymer that rivals the most advanced p‐type counterparts. Various applications including organic thermoelectric, electrochemical transistor, and electrochromic devices were showcased, highlighting the broad potential of PBFDO : PEOx in advancing green organic electronics.

Highly Conductive Alcohol-Processable n-Type Conducting Polymer Enabled by Finely Tuned Electrostatic Interactions for Green Organic Electronics.

Solution-processable conducting polymers open up a new era in organic electronics, fundamentally altering the processing methods of electronic devices. P-type conducting polymers, exemplified by aqueous solution-processed poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS), have been successfully commercialized. However, the performance of electron-transporting (n-type) materials remains considerably poorer. One of the primary challenges lies in striking a balance between conductivity and solvent processability. At present, most n-type conducting polymers necessitate toxic solvents for processing, which contradicts environmentally sustainable principles and impedes their potential for large-scale industrial applications. Herein, we developed an alcohol-processable high-performance n-type conducting polymer, poly(3,7-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b : 4,5-b']difuran-2,6-dione): poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PBFDO : PEOx), which utilized electrostatic interactions between PEOx and PBFDO to simultaneously achieve high conductivity and alcohol-processability. The PBFDO : PEOx films exhibited remarkable electrical conductivity exceeding 1000 S cm-1 with outstanding stability even at temperatures up to 250 °C, establishing it as a prominent green solvent-processed n-type conducting polymer that rivals the most advanced p-type counterparts. Various applications including organic thermoelectric, electrochemical transistor, and electrochromic devices were showcased, highlighting the broad potential of PBFDO : PEOx in advancing green organic electronics.

Private climate investment, coal transition and digitalization in the major coal-consuming countries

This paper examines the relationship between private investment, digitalization, and coal rent in major coal-consuming countries from 1999 to 2019. Using the CS-FMOLS technique, the results show that a 1% increase in the ICT Development Index raises coal rent by 0.24%, underscoring digitalization's role in enhancing coal industry profitability. Conversely, a 1% increase in private participation in infrastructure reduces coal rent by 0.35%, as private investments focus on sustainable energy. The study concludes that while private investment supports clean energy, digitalization extends coal reliance. To support coal transition, policies should promote green ICT production, renewable energy, green finance, and good governance in sustainable projects.

Optimizing Sustainable Manufacturing: An Integrated Approach of Green Information’s Systems and Knowledge-Based Decisions in Industry 4.0: A Comparative Analysis

Adopting green information technology (IT) systems has become crucial for improving the environmental sustainability of manufacturing firms. To drive the manufacturing process more appropriately, management and administrators recognize the importance of developing green IT systems aligned with knowledge management (KM) practices. To accomplish the study objective, experts were engaged in a study conducted in Henan manufacturing firms to share their knowledge on the factors that influence management’s intention to adopt green IT systems concerning KM. The study collected 324 valid responses from industrial experts in Henan manufacturing industries through survey questionnaires. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), the hypotheses were evaluated, and the significance of each factor in the model was determined. The SEM results revealed that the KM process interpretation significantly influences green IT systems to improve manufacturing process development. Furthermore, the study found that combining KM processes and green practices has a more substantial impact on improving the manufacturing process. This suggests that integrating knowledge management practices with green IT systems can lead to better environmental sustainability and overall performance in manufacturing firms. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for decision-makers and policymakers in formulating policies and programs to implement a green information system with green implementation processes effectively in the manufacturing sector. By adopting these strategies, manufacturing firms can contribute to environmental sustainability while simultaneously improving their overall performance.

The Nature of Molecular Hybridizations in Nanodiamonds for Boosted Fe(III)/Fe(II) Circulation.

Reducing agents have been frequently utilized as electron donors for Fe(II) generation to resolve the sluggish Fe(III) reduction in Fenton-like reactions, while their irreversible consumption necessitates a robust catalytic system that utilizes green electron donors such as H2O2. In this study, we used annealed nanodiamonds (NDs) as a collection of model catalysts with different sp2/sp3 ratios to investigate the roles of the molecular structure in boosting the Fenton-like reactions. The annealed NDs acted as an electron mediator to transfer electrons from H2O2 to surface-adsorbed Fe(III) for Fe(II) generation as well as an electron donor for direct Fe(III) reduction, driving Fe(II)-catalyzed H2O2 decomposition to produce massive hydroxyl radicals, demonstrating potential in the real-water matrixes. Galvanic cell experiments show that the contribution ratio of mediation and electron donation is 2.75:1, indicating that the majority of Fe(II) was generated through electron transfer from H2O2. Additionally, different carbon configurations (sp-sp2-sp3 hybridizations) were compared to assess the molecular structure-performance relationships in Fe(III) reduction. This study unveils the distinct functions of carbon molecular structures in driving Fe(III)/Fe(II) circulation and provides insights into sustainable Fenton oxidation driven by metal-free catalysis.

Green futures

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Green information technology, alongside other green solutions and innovation, are causing a rift in the global markets which will see those who uptake this approach ultimately gaining a significant economic advantage. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Green IT and BYOD: driving sustainability, job performance, and well-being in remote work

Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of bring your own device (BYOD) practices on teleworkers’ job performance, work–life conflict and their implications for environmental sustainability, with a particular focus on Green IT in the post-pandemic remote work context. Drawing on the job demands–resources (JD-R) model, it examines the relationships between private technology adoption, job demands, job resources, job performance and work–life conflict, while also assessing how BYOD impacts environmental outcomes such as electronic waste reduction and carbon emissions. Design/methodology/approach The study used confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) using AMOS version 22 to evaluate seven hypotheses among 424 full-time teleworkers from various occupational sectors in Mauritius, a developing country. Findings SEM results confirm that BYOD enhances job performance and work–life conflict through increased job autonomy, workload and work pressure. BYOD and teleworking also contribute to Green IT and environmental sustainability by reducing energy consumption and electronic waste, indirectly supporting broader sustainability goals through reduced corporate device demand and lower commuting-related emissions. Practical implications Organisations should leverage BYOD policies to advance Green IT practices and improve work performance in remote settings, focusing on balancing job demands with resources like work autonomy to enhance productivity and well-being. Originality/value The findings strongly support the JD-R model in the context of remote work and BYOD, particularly in developing economies with limited infrastructure, offering insights for policies that enhance both employee well-being, Green IT and environmental sustainability.

A Comparative Study of CPU and GPU Power Consumption while using Open-Source and Proprietary Media Players

This study presents a comparative analysis of power consumption between open-source and proprietary media players when playing open-media format videos (.webm). As media consumption grows, energy-efficient software is critical for both environmental sustainability and device performance. Using tools like HWiNFO, key metrics such as GPU and CPU power consumption, memory usage, and efficiency were evaluated for popular open-source (e.g., VLC, Kodi) and proprietary (e.g., GOM Player, KMPlayer) players. The results reveal that open-source players generally consume less GPU power but more CPU resources, while proprietary players balance CPU and GPU usage with higher memory demands. The findings suggest that careful selection of media players can lead to significant energy savings over time, offering insights for developers and users focused on energy-efficient computing.

A Detailed Analysis on Evaluation of Green Computing

Abstract: Currently, computers are not only used in offices but utilized at home as well. The amount of energy consumed by the growing daily use of computers contributes to a rise in the atmosphere's carbon content. The IT sector is mostly to blame for 3% of the world's energy usage, which is rising by 20% annually. These days, green computing is a very emerging topic today. He is responsible for the use of computers and associated resources. It encompasses the application of energy efficient processors, servers and peripherals, along with less resource usage and appropriate electronic waste disposal waste. Enhancing the life cycle efficiency of IT devices and approving the recycling of wasteful items and manufacturing waste are the main objectives of green computing. The methods for conserving green energy and their potential applications are discussed in this article. By "aligning all IT processes and practices with the core principles of sustainability, which are to reduce, reuse, and recycle; and finding innovative ways to use IT in business processes to deliver sustainability benefits across the enterprise and beyond," green computing can also create beneficial solutions. Green computing and green chemistry share many of the same objectives, including minimizing the use of hazardous materials, optimizing energy efficiency over the course of a product's lifetime, and fostering the recyclable or biodegradable nature of factory waste and non-operational products .

A Conceptual Level on Green Computing Applications on Eco-Friendly Approaches

The Green computing will work in this field as a life saver to environment as green computing will reduce energy usage by using various green computing eco-friendly approaches like-green design, green awareness, green standards, green disposals, green manufacturing and green usage which therefore help in the less emission. The "Going Green" is a rising trend establishing itself as the preferred way of doing things while saving the environment. This now appears in a large number of aspects in our lives, such as recycling, energy-efficient devices, clean energy sources, eco-friendly vehicles, green buildings. Computing has also established its share to contribute to saving the environment under the concept "Green Computing". Green computing is the environmentally responsible and eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. In broader terms, it is also defined as the study of designing, engineering, manufacturing, using and disposing of computing devices in a way that reduces their environmental impact. Green Computing, also known as Green Technology or Green IT, has quickly emerged as the most effective means of utilising technology.

Green Computing Innovation Index Measurement Using Fuzzy Inference System for Young Inventors

Green Computing Innovation (GCI) aims to address the negative effects of traditional computing on the environment and promote sustainable practices in computing. Subsequently, the Green Computing Innovation Index (GCII) was used to measure young inventors' inventiveness to evaluate from green computing perspectives. Nonetheless, one of the most significant challenges evaluators face in the measurement process includes uncertainty and imprecise data in measuring the young inventors' green computing innovation. Thus, this paper measures the Green Computing Innovation Index (GCII) with a novel approach utilizing Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) with the Mamdani method. The study measures the top 10 young inventors' innovations from the Faculty of Computing and Meta-Technology, UPSI. Fuzzy Inference System will assist in providing improved decision-making solutions for evaluators to prevent any uncertainty and subjectivity during the evaluation process. The development of FIS is based on four key innovation elements. It uses a triangular membership function with Centroid, Middle of Maximum (MOM), Smallest of Maximum (SOM), Bisector and Largest of Maximum (LOM) methods for defuzzification. The centroid defuzzification method is observed to perform better than other defuzzification methods. It is due to the fact that the adopted defuzzification approach is equally sensitive to all key innovation criteria inputs and can truly represent the minor change in the values of any parameters across all products. The centroid method was found to be the most efficient for decision-making, providing precise results with the ability to detect discrepancies as small as 0.001. Thus, the centroid method can improve decision-making efficiency, leading to fairness in selecting the best green computing innovation product. Ultimately, GCII rating contribute mainly on encouraging young inventors to innovate and promote sustainable practices in innovations.

Influence of green ICT and socioeconomic factors on sustainable development: Evidence from Chinese provinces

We examine the impact of green information communication technology, while considering the conditioning role of other seminal factors. Using panel quantile-quantile granger causality testing and method of moments quantile regression for Chinese provinces for 2000–2019, we find that green information communication technology promotion, human capital, and urbanization positively impact green growth, while globalization, energy intensity, and carbon emissions are not significant. Results highlight the importance of green information communication technology for sustainable development.

E-Government Efforts Through a Culture of Intranet Use E-Learning Green Computing in Environmental Schools as a Solution to Prevent Global Warming (A Paperless Study on Integrated Environmental Education-based Schools at SDN Lowokwaru 2 Malang)

Global warming is a serious environmental problem, one of the causes of global warming is the cutting down of forests to produce paper. Paperless evaluation in elementary schools can be a revolutionary solution to prevent global warming. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the success of paperless culture and measure the strength of factors on the routine use of e-learning green computing intranet in Adiwiyata schools. Previous studies have mostly discussed the impact of environmental learning on students’ awareness of the importance of protecting the environment. This research can provide new information on preventing global warming of paperless evaluation routine culture. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. Research question one used interactive analysis and research question two used Force Field Analysis (FFA). The results of this study found that the success of the paperless evaluation routine can shape the e-government character culture. The conclusion is that paperless evaluation can save one tree every year because the supporting factors are powerful and greatly contribute to preventing global warming. Keywords: e-learning, computing, green, intranet, paperless

Building a Greener Future : The Role of Data Centers in Eco-Friendly Computing

This comprehensive article explores the critical issue of environmental sustainability in the rapidly evolving landscape of information technology, focusing on the substantial environmental impact of data centers. It delves into innovative strategies and technologies to create more sustainable and eco-friendly computing environments. The article covers key areas such as energy efficiency, renewable energy integration, green cloud computing, edge computing, circular economy practices, and AI-powered optimization. By examining these aspects, the article demonstrates how the IT industry is working to minimize its environmental footprint while meeting the growing demands of our digital world. It highlights not only the environmental benefits of these initiatives but also their economic advantages, showcasing how sustainable practices in computing can lead to significant cost savings and competitive advantages in the market.

A Study on Influence of Select Variables on Mediation of Green Information Technology Capital in Mining Industry

A Study on Influence of Select Variables on Mediation of Green Information Technology Capital in Mining Industry

Minimizing Carbon Emissions by Improving Water and Energy Use Efficiencies in AI Servers: A Green Cloud Computing Strategy for Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Systems

The advent of Artificial Intelligence systems, in particular of generative models like ChatGPT, has resulted in one more area requiring heavy computational resources which in turn consumes a lot of energy and water. By estimations, one interaction with ChatGPT for instance will take an estimate of 2.9 watt hour, which is ten times higher than the amount of energy consumed to conduct an ordinary googling task that is 0.3 watt hours. This stands as a call for action toward improving the water to energy ratio of the AI systems and therefore the recent carbon emissions. This paper explores the energy efficiency patterns of AI languages such as chatbots compared with the other means of searching the internet like Google and how the effects of the AI machines on the environment can be reduced. In this connection, green cloud computing methods have been suggested as possible solutions that can be effectively combined with the principles of clean energy use; on this list are both advanced systems for maintaining low temperatures and the optimization of AI systems. Finally, using of resources could also play a crucial part in the ultimate decrease in the adverse effects that the AI industry has on our environment.

A step toward the attainment of carbon neutrality and SDG-13: Role of financial depth and green technology innovation

Following the recommendations of COP28 and Sustainable Development Goal -13 (Climate Action), the present study examines the role of financial depth and green technology innovation in carbon neutrality and climate change. This study measures the relationship between green innovation, technological innovation, ICT, financial depth, economic growth, carbon emission, and ecological footprint from 1990-2021 in the USA. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model examines the relationship between the above-mentioned variables and their impacts on each other. Results reveal that green innovation, technological innovation, ICT, and financial depth significantly negatively impact ecological footprint and carbon emissions in both the short and long run. In contrast, economic growth positively impacts carbon emissions and ecological footprint. Green and financial innovation-centric policies are suggested to the USA to attain net zero emission and SDG-13.

Effect of Composition on Structural, Mechanical, and Wetting Properties of Sn-40Bi-xAg Lead-Free Solder Alloys for Green Electronics

Effect of Composition on Structural, Mechanical, and Wetting Properties of Sn-40Bi-xAg Lead-Free Solder Alloys for Green Electronics

Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms

This article advances the discourse on sustainable and energy-efficient software by examining the performance and energy efficiency of intelligent algorithms within the framework of green and sustainable computing. Building on previous research, it explores the theoretical implications of Bremermann’s limit on efforts to enhance computer performance through more extensive methods. The study presents an empirical investigation into heuristic methods for search and optimisation, demonstrating the energy efficiency of various algorithms in both simple and complex tasks. It also identifies key factors influencing the energy consumption of algorithms and their potential impact on computational processes. Furthermore, the article discusses cognitive concepts and their interplay with computational intelligence, highlighting the role of cognition in the evolution of intelligent algorithms. The conclusion offers insights into the future directions of research in this area, emphasising the need for continued exploration of energy-efficient computing methodologies.

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-Templated Nickel Porphyrin Covalent Organic Framework for Pencil-Drawn Noninvasive Respiration Sensors.

Paper-integrated configuration with miniaturized functionality represents one of the future main green electronics. In this study, a paper-based respiration sensor was prepared using a multiwalled carbon nanotube-templated nickel porphyrin covalent organic framework (MWCNTs@COFNiP-Ph) as an electrical identification component and pencil-drawn graphite electric circuits as interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). The MWCNTs@COFNiP-Ph not only inherited the high gas sensing performance of porphyrin and the aperture induction effect of COFs but also overcame the shielding effect between phases through the MWCNT template. Furthermore, it possessed highly exposed M-N4 metallic active sites and unique periodic porosity, thereby effectively addressing the key technical issue of room-temperature sensing for the respiration sensor. Meanwhile, the introduction of a pencil-drawing approach on common printing papers facilitates the inexpensive and simple manufacturing of the as-fabricated graphite IDE. Based on the above advantages, the MWCNTs@COFNiP-Ph respiration sensor had the characteristics of wide detection range (1-500 ppm), low detection limit (30 ppb), acceptable flexibility for toluene, and rapid response/recovery time (32 s/116 s). These advancements facilitated the integration of the respiration sensor into surgical masks and clothes with maximum functionality at a minimized size and weight. Moreover, the primary internal mechanism of COFNiP-Ph for this efficient toluene detection was investigated through in situ FTIR spectra, thereby directly elucidating that the chemisorption interaction of oxygen modulated the depletion layers, resulting in alterations in sensor resistance upon exposure to the target gas. The encouraging results revealed the feasibility of employing a paper-sensing system as a wearable platform in green electronics.