Green Building In China Research Articles

The Application and Development of New Green Building Technologies in Construction

With the continuous development of the social economy, China is gradually accelerating and playing a very important role in construction projects. However, the construction industry is also developing rapidly. Although China has become the world's largest construction market, it also faces many problems in the process of development, such as excessive energy consumption, serious resource waste, and serious environmental pollution. These problems seriously affect the sustainable development of China's construction industry. Green building is a construction model that conforms to the concept of sustainable development. Green buildings can not only save resources and energy, but also reduce the impact on the environment, thereby promoting sustainable development of China's socio-economic and ecological environment. Therefore, this article will analyze and study the application of new green building technologies in construction, aiming to promote the further development of green buildings in China.

Research on High-Quality Carbon Reduction Pathways for Green Buildings under the Dual Carbon Background

Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategies bring both opportunities and challenges to the development of green buildings. In this context, the development of high-quality green buildings requires a focus on improving carbon reduction effects throughout their entire lifespan. Based on a systematic review of the achievements and existing problems in the development of green buildings in China over the past thirty years, this article benchmarks the new trends in green building standards in developed countries abroad, dissects the new requirements for the development of green buildings in China under the new situation, and proposes a high-quality carbon reduction pathways from four aspects: theoretical research, policy systems, technical systems, and software platforms. Finally, it proposes implementation suggestions for collaborative development from four dimensions: theoretical methods for calculating carbon emissions, green finance policies, a full-process carbon reduction technology system, and carbon emission accounting tools.

China's green building revolution: Path to sustainable urban futures

This paper critically examines the significant strides China has made toward sustainable urban development, emphasizing the evolution of green building practices since 2015. Through a detailed analysis of green building policies under China's 13th and 14th Five-Year Plans, as well as the General Code for Building Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Utilization, this study highlights the progressive integration of sustainability in construction. Notable advancements include the implementation of stringent energy efficiency standards and the incorporation of renewable energy technologies, which have collectively shifted the paradigm of architectural practices in urban China. Moreover, the paper draws upon several case studies, such as the Shanghai Chenghuaxinyuan Project and Mini Sky City, to illustrate the tangible outcomes and the effectiveness of these policies in real-world settings. These examples not only demonstrate significant reductions in energy consumption and carbon emissions but also reflect the scalability and replicability of such initiatives in other urban contexts. Key findings suggest that China's proactive policy landscape has catalyzed a national movement towards environmentally responsible construction, setting a global benchmark for sustainable urban development. The paper argues that these policy-driven initiatives have important implications for practitioners, who are encouraged to adopt innovative construction technologies and sustainable practices. For policymakers, the study underscores the necessity of continuous support for research and development in green technology, coupled with robust regulatory frameworks to sustain momentum in the green building sector. Finally, the paper offers comprehensive recommendations aimed at enhancing the efficacy and adoption of green building practices, proposing that future policy directions should focus on integrating smart city technologies to further optimize energy use and urban sustainability.

LEED certification system for green buildings in China: Examining spatial differences, temporal evolution, and spatial overflow

This paper examines the spread of green building development in China by analyzing the implementation of the LEED certification system across 31 provinces from 2006 to 2022. To investigate spatial differences, spatial-temporal evolution, and spatial spillovers of green building development in China, we employed various statistical methods, including Standard Distance Ellipse, Dagum's Gini Coefficient, Kernel Density Estimation, Markov Chain Analysis, Moran's I Exponential Analysis, and Social Network Analysis. The findings reveal the formation of a green building cluster in a northeast-southwest orientation, at the core of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta regions. There is compelling evidence of substantial regional disparities in green building development, primarily driven by inter-regional differences, which has resulted in a significant gap between the eastern and non-eastern regions. This study identifies the presence of “club convergence” and the “Matthew effect” in China's green building landscape, where spatial factors play a crucial role. Furthermore, a distinct and stable spatial clustering is observed, indicating a complex and multi-faceted spatial association network that goes beyond geographical proximity and neighborhood effects. This network reveals diverse positions and roles for provinces and cities. The eastern provinces and cities are found to exert strong control and dominance while also playing a significant siphoning role. On the other hand, the western provinces and cities have been marginalized, experiencing minimal dividend spillover from the development of other provinces.

Application of Renewable Energy in Green Buildings and Energy Consumption Optimization

INTRODUCTION: With the increasing global awareness of sustainable development and environmental protection, green building has become one of the important development directions in the construction industry. The application of sustainable type energy in the construction industry is of great significance in reducing building energy consumption and environmental pollution. This study aims to explore the application of sustainable types of energy and conduct research on energy consumption optimization. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze the current situation of the application of sustainable types of energy in the construction industry, to explore its impact on the energy consumption of buildings, and to propose corresponding optimization strategies in order to achieve the goal of sustainable development of green buildings in China. METHODS: This study adopts a combination of literature review and case study; firstly, a literature review on the application of sustainable types of energy, sorting out its technical characteristics and application effects; then, several typical cases are selected to analyze its energy application and energy consumption in buildings; finally, relevant strategies and suggestions for optimizing the energy consumption are put forward by combining the results of the literature review and the case study. RESULTS: Through the literature review and case analysis, it is found that sustainable types of energy, such as solar energy and wind energy, have been widely used in buildings and achieved certain energy-saving effects. However, there are also some problems, such as inefficient energy utilization and high cost. To address these problems, this study proposes a series of optimization strategies, including suggestions for optimizing energy system design, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing energy costs. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that the application of sustainable types of energy in green buildings is an important way to optimize building energy consumption and sustainable development. Through measures such as optimizing energy system design and improving energy utilization efficiency, building energy consumption can be further reduced, environmental pollution can be reduced, and the development of the construction industry can be promoted. However, further research and practice are still needed to continuously improve relevant technologies and policies to promote the application and development of sustainable types of energy in buildings.

Study on the Characteristics of Spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of Green Buildings in China

Utilizing panel data pertaining to green building across 333 prefecture-level administrative units in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan) during the period spanning 2008–2020, an exhaustive examination of the evolution of China’s spatial pattern in green building is conducted employing the nearest neighbor index method, spatial autocorrelation analysis method, and kernel density analysis method. Furthermore, geographic probes are employed to scrutinize the determinants influencing China’s spatial configuration of green buildings. The findings reveal that: (1) An alteration in the density distribution from a “unipolar nucleus and double sub-nuclei” configuration to a “triple polar nuclei and multiple sub-nuclei” manifestation has been discerned in the spatial agglomeration of green buildings in China, exhibiting annual growth. Additionally, the center of green building development has shifted from the northwest to the southwest. (2) Pronounced agglomerations are predominantly situated in the eastern, central, and western regions of the country. High-high agglomerations have gradually dissipated over time in the central provincial capitals of China, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the city clusters of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei along the eastern seaboard. The western regions manifest a concentration of low-low and low-high aggregates, with high-low agglomeration primarily observed in the provincial capitals of the western regions. (3) The spatial differentiation of green buildings in China is attributable to a multitude of variables encompassing the environment, economy, society, and policies. Among these factors, economic, social, and innovative elements exert the most significant influence on the explicable degree of spatial differentiation.

Exploring effective incentive policies for sustainable development of green buildings in China: based on evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation analysis

PurposeThis study reveals the green building development path and analyzes the optimal government subsidy equilibrium through evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation. This was done to explore the feasible measures and optimal incentives to achieve higher levels of green building in China.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the practice of green building in China was analyzed, and the specific influencing factors and incentive measures for green building development were extracted. Second, China-specific evolutionary game models were constructed between developers and homebuyers under the market regulation and government incentive mechanism scenarios, and the evolutionary paths were analyzed. Finally, real-case numerical simulations were conducted, subsidy impacts were mainly analyzed and optimal subsidy equilibriums were solved.Findings(1) Simultaneously subsidizing developers and homebuyers proved to be the most effective measure to promote the sustainability of green buildings. (2) The sensitivity of developers and homebuyers to subsidies varied across scenarios, and the optimal subsidy level diminished marginally as building greenness and public awareness increased. (3) The optimal subsidy level for developers was intricately tied to the building greenness benchmark. A higher benchmark intensified the developer’s responsiveness to losses, at which point increasing subsidies were justified. Conversely, a reduction in subsidy might have been appropriate when the benchmark was set at a lower level.Practical implicationsThe expeditious advancement of green buildings holds paramount importance for the high-quality development of the construction industry. Nevertheless, the pace of green building expansion in China has experienced a recent deceleration. Drawing insights from the practices of green building in China, the exploration of viable strategies and the determination of optimal government subsidies stand as imperative initiatives. These endeavors aim to propel the acceleration of green building proliferation and materialize high-quality development at the earliest juncture possible.Originality/valueThe model is grounded in China’s green building practices, which makes the conclusions drawn more specific. Furthermore, research results provide practical references for governments to formulate green building incentive policies.

Research on the development trend of green building in China from the perspective of patent

Based on Innojoy patent search engine, this paper analyzes the patent type, technical fields, innovation activity, life cycle and patent value of green building in China. The development trend of green building in China is summarized. Suggestions were put forward to promote the development of China’s green building industry. It is found that the overall development trend of China’s green building is good, and it is in the growth stage of the technology life cycle, and the development potential is huge. Green building gradually runs through the whole process of construction, and the application scope continues to expand. Technological innovation is the core driving force for the development of green building.

Thermal insulations under concepts of green building in China

In order to protect the environment in present-day society, green buildings are seen as an effective and logical solution. Insulating materials are frequently widely used in green buildings to reduce their energy dissipation. China, as a global power, is at the forefront of ecological development. This paper will focus on the study of thermal insulations in the context of green concepts, a specific analysis of their properties and examples of their application in China. It is found that most of the green developments lack economic support and therefore, insulation materials need to be developed in the direction of low cost and high efficiency and effectively reduce their harmful effects on the environment. Furthermore, the development of insulation materials in China should pay attention to geographical differences, i.e. the insulation materials that can be applied in different regions in the North and South are different. This study will facilitate the application of insulating materials in China's ecological development, reducing related energy losses and protecting the surrounding environment.

Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of BIPV technology

As environmental problems such as the greenhouse effect and glacier melting become more and more serious, the society's awareness of environmental protection is becoming stronger and stronger, which makes the development of green buildings extremely important, and the development of many green building materials and environmental protection technologies is also increasing. more attention. In this article, BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) will be researched and its development discussed. BIPV is to reduce energy consumption through the effective use of solar energy. It is green, environmentally friendly and non-polluting. However, China started late in photovoltaics and lack of research in this area, which makes the application of BIPV technology in China still have high costs and lack of relevant building specification standards. This paper discusses the suggestions for the future development of BIPV technology, hoping to provide meager strength for the development of green buildings in China and provide direction for the future development of BIPV.

Research on dissipative structure of China's green building industry system based on Brusselator model

With the introduction of the “Double Carbon” initiative, the urgency to develop green buildings in China has become paramount. The green building industry aims to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions while fostering its rapid growth. However, several challenges still hinder the industry's progress. Therefore, this study employs dissipative structure theory to examine whether the green building industry can transform from a disordered state to an ordered state by continuously exchanging material, energy, and information with the external environment. By establishing the industry structure, 13 internal indicators and 10 external indicators are identified through a comprehensive literature review. The Brusselator model and entropy method are applied to calculate the system entropy using questionnaire data. The results indicate a positive entropy value (A) of 0.67823, while the negentropy value (B) is −1.438553. Clearly, the relationship between positive entropy and negentropy does not meet the critical condition B>A2+1, which validates that the current green building industry in China is not a dissipative structure. This finding signifies that the industry faces challenges in achieving sustainable and stable development. Consequently, based on these calculations, five effective strategies are proposed to facilitate the transformation of the green building industry into a dissipative structure and promote its sustainable and healthy development. The research findings serve as a valuable reference for the Chinese government in formulating laws and regulations pertaining to the green building industry, thereby facilitating its comprehensive and effective management and aiding the achievement of energy conservation and emission reduction goals in the construction sector. This study contributes to expanding the application of dissipative structure theory in the green building industry and enriches the theoretical foundations of research on the industry from the perspective of complex systems.

A Comparison of Typical Green Building Evaluation SystemsTaking China, UK and USA as Examples

The international investigation of green buildings is steadily transitioning from simple concepts to practice, and the assessment criteria for enhancing green buildings are conducive to enhancing the understanding of green buildings' healthy development. By following the green building movement, this research examines the fundamental meanings of green building systems in China, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The paper analyzes a variety of potential new issues. For instance, the current green building assessment system has a small number of problems and limitations, and the formation of a system suitable for national conditions and flexible operation is currently a larger problem. Through analysis of the problem, the direction of work to implement the green building system and improve the fundamental concept of China's green building system will be suggested.

Holistic Life-cycle Cost-benefit Analysis of Green Buildings: A China Case Study

Green buildings, compared with conventional ones, can mitigate the rapid growth of China's carbon emissions. They offer many advantages, such as saving resources and reducing negative environmental impacts. However, few studies have assessed their incremental costs and social benefits. This study comprehensively analyzed the incremental costs and benefits of green buildings in China through the life cycle stages of preparation, design, construction, and operation-management. The Analytic Hierarchy Process and Matter Element Analysis were jointly applied to establish a comprehensive green-building cost-benefit evaluation system. Based on expert judgment, an embracive two-level index scheme and a three-step grading strategy were developed. A residential case study tested the applicability of the model. It yielded the largest share of incremental cost in the construction phase at 90.5%. The economic benefits accounted for the largest proportion of incremental benefits at 72.22%, meeting the green building criteria and achieving the highest 3-star rating. The study has developed a full life-cycle costing methodology for green building design and quantified the benefits at each stage. The findings offer the theoretical and practical basis to refine the assessment of green building projects and improve green building performance to meet sustainable development goals.

Sequencing the carbon emission cycle of green buildings in China based on an ecological city perspective

As people's basic material living standards continue to rise, the demand for a better living environment and a better life is becoming increasingly strong. Since the 18th and 19th National Congresses of the Party proposed to carry out ecological civilization construction and build a beautiful China, carrying out ecological city construction has become one of the effective ways to solve the current urban development problems. In this paper, we summarise the latest research on green building assessment systems, life-cycle carbon emissions and life-cycle costs of buildings. We find that China's green building assessment system still has many shortcomings compared to the world's advanced green building assessment systems. Based on this, we have conducted a sequencing analysis of the life cycle carbon emissions of green buildings in China, so that buildings can meet the green building rating and at the same time achieve energy and carbon savings. The results of the study show that the building use phase has the highest carbon emissions in the building life cycle, accounting for 77% of the life cycle carbon emissions.

Promoting green buildings in China's multi-level governance system: A tripartite evolutionary game analysis

Multi-level governance (MLG) represents a big challenge in promoting green buildings (GBs) in China. This study aims to provide policy insights for promoting GBs under MLG. The dynamic interactions and evolutionary processes among the central government, local governments and developers in China's MLG context are investigated through a tripartite evolutionary game model. This study first analyses the decision-making behaviour of each participant and then the stability strategy among multiple stakeholders in the MLG system. Numerical analyses are performed to simulate the stable strategies and evolution paths, evaluating key factors and proposing policy implications. The findings reveal that the central government plays a guaranteed role in promoting GBs, while consumers' high willingness to pay for GBs plays a vital role. Interestingly, incentive local governments slow down the realisation of GB promotion, whereas incentive consumers are more efficient than developers. Furthermore, increasing punishment by local governments is more efficient than that by the central government. These results may inform research hypotheses for future empirical studies and provide a valuable reference for promoting GBs under MLG in other countries.

How Does the Government Policy Combination Prevents Greenwashing in Green Building Projects? An Evolutionary Game Perspective

Green buildings (GBs) can effectively reduce building energy consumption and alleviate energy problems. However, as green building projects swell, the development process of GBs in China has gradually exposed many problems, among which the greenwashing behavior of construction enterprises is the more serious. The government needs to adopt some appropriate policies to prevent problems in GBs. This paper uses the evolutionary game theory to construct models and proposes four policy combinations: static reward and static punishment, static reward and dynamic punishment, dynamic reward and static punishment, dynamic reward and dynamic punishment. We compare the impact of four combinations on construction strategy and analyze the inner mechanisms of the behavior evolution of government departments and construction enterprises. Our results revealed no evolutionary stabilization strategy in the game system under the static reward and punishment policy. Under the combination of dynamic subsidies and static penalty policy, the green construction effect of construction enterprises is the best. Furthermore, dynamic reward policy has a more obvious restraining effect on construction enterprises. The government should dynamically adjust rewards and punishments according to the construction quality and determine the appropriate upper limit of rewards and punishments to improve the policies’ applicability and effectiveness. This study provides theoretical support for the healthy development of green buildings.

The policy trajectory of green building development in China: A sequential and network analysis

AbstractPolicies play an extremely important role in promoting the development of green building (GB). Despite multiple policies have been issued to promote the GB development, the low market share of GB in China indicates that the policy system is unsatisfactory. However, few studies have concentrated on the policy trajectory of GB development. This study aims to fill this gap using network‐based analysis to explore the policy trajectory of GB development from the perspective of policy agency, objective, and instrument. 129 national GB development policies were collected, and the trajectory of policy agency, objective, and instrument were analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) cross‐functional‐ and cross‐hierarchical‐level coordination between policy‐issuing agencies tends to increase. The cooperation among policy agencies represents a strong core‐periphery structure feature; (2) the policy objectives are related to multiple dimensions of GB development, and the focuses of GB development policy objectives are dynamically changed but show continuity to some degree; (3) the adoption of policy instruments is structurally unbalanced, and the mismatch between policy instruments and policy objective should be addressed urgently. Corresponding policy recommendations are provided from policy agencies, objectives and instruments. This research provides a novel perspective on policy analysis, which offers useful information on policy making for GB development.

A comparative analysis of green building rating systems in China and the United States

Several studies have compared green building rating systems (GBRSs) in China and the United States, Nonetheless, few studies included in-depth analysis on specific rating tools with project specific data validating green building technologies and actual performance. This study conducted a comprehensive data-driven comparison of the GBRSs of China and the United States. The goal was to understand the current status and further improve China's GBRS and promote green building technologies. The study first conducted thorough comparisons of GBRSs in China and the U.S. by selecting a series of distinct rating tools. Then, it analyzed each tool's development objectives, contents, and rating score settings. The comparison concludes the future development needs for China's GBRS. In addition to standard comparison, green building technologies applied in certified projects were also summarized. The results demonstrated that GBRSs in both China and the U.S. reflect well the technical paths to achieve green building sustainable development. By analyzing certified projects, it was also found that the incremental costs of green building technologies were controllable. Finally, based on the comparison and case analysis, the study provide a set of policy recommendations to further improve China's green building standards.

The Green Building Development and Assessment Method – Energy and Cost Analysis in China

With the aggravation of global warming in the world, China is a country that produces a large amount of carbon dioxide every year. The development of green buildings is a primal aspect that the Chinese government has worked for many decades to build a healthy environment. This study explores three major Chinese green building assessment methods and compares the Evaluation Standard for Green buildings (three-star standard) with other countries’ representative assessment methods, which indicates that the three-star standard puts more attention on qualitative indicators. So, many buildings which receive that certification does not really have much sustainable equipment or save much energy. Also, this paper researches the status of green buildings in China. There are not many developers investing in green buildings, due to the price of green building construction is much more expensive than conventional buildings. That is because those green buildings equip many sustainable technologies and equipment. To encourage the construction of green buildings, the government can enact regulations and incentives to encourage more companies and developers to build green buildings.

Input-Output Benefit Analysis of Green Building Incremental Cost Based on DEA-Entropy Weight Method

Green buildings are an important carrier for the transformation of the construction industry to green, efficient and energy-saving, and an important part of the national sustainable development strategy. At present, the development of green building in China is still in the primary stage, the willingness of construction enterprises to develop green building is low, and the promotion of green building is facing the problem of insufficient power. The main reason is that the incremental cost of green building is too high. Therefore, this paper takes green building as the research object, and studies the quantification and evaluation of its incremental cost-benefit. Firstly, the incremental cost composition of green buildings is analysed from the perspective of the whole life cycle, and the incremental benefits are divided into economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits. Secondly, the green building incremental cost-benefit evaluation model is constructed by combining the entropy weight method and the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. Finally, the feasibility of this evaluation method is verified through the analysis of practical engineering cases. By evaluating the input-output benefits of incremental costs, the projects with DEA effectiveness and DEA ineffectiveness are identified, and specific suggestions are put forward for them respectively. The research results not only provide theoretical support for the quantification and evaluation of incremental costs and benefits of green buildings, but also provide a reference for the formulation of corresponding cost control measures, and lay a foundation for the realization of the cost minimization and benefit maximization of green buildings.