Green Arrow Research Articles

Dylematy interpretacyjne stosowania sygnałów drogowych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sygnalizatora S-2 w „bezpiecznym” zarządzaniu ruchem drogowym. Część III/III

This is the last of a three-part article devoted to the correctness of signal-controlled road traffic management. This part contains a presentation and commentary on the results of research on the use of signals transmitted by S-2 traffic light devices. In addition, the problem of correct location in the approach (situational plan on the road) of the signals transmitting the green arrow signal is characterized. The conflict resulting from the definition of the “intersection area” in the context of road traffic control and the possibility of using traffic lights at intersections where one of the approaches is the inlet to a private road is also commented on. The summary is the authors' conclusions considering all the parts of the article, along with recommendations for amendments to the Act on Road Traffic and implementing executive acts resulting thereof.

Dylematy interpretacyjne stosowania sygnałów drogowych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sygnalizatora S-2 w „bezpiecznym” zarządzaniu ruchem drogowym. Część II/III

Interpretative dilemmas of the use of road signals with particular emphasis on the S-2 signal in “safe” traffic management. Part II/III In this part of the article, the authors focus their attention on the formal and legal issues related to the design of traffic signals on roads and intersections in Poland. A synthesis of the characteristics of the necessary content of the design of traffic organization with traffic lights, approved by the competent authority managing traffic on the road is given. A historical outline of the guidelines for the implementation of the signal allowing turning in the direction indicated by the green arrow is provided. The most important aspect of this part of the article is a commentary on the current legal provisions regarding the permissibility and inadmissibility of allowing simultaneous movement of individual collision streams – with particular emphasis on vehicle streams controlled by the S-2 traffic signal. The commentary includes separate references to the legal status from the original version of the requirements made in 2004 and from the 2008 and 2015 amendments to the regulations. In the authors’ opinion, these descriptions provide key points explaining the complexity of the problem for designers, reviewers, and approvers of signals controlled traffic organization. An effort has been made to explain comprehensively all possible situations since there is currently a non-uniform application of signal phases at intersections and different opinions on the questions of interpreting the correct application of the "green arrow" signal. The results of the study in this regard are included in part III of the article.

A unified account of simple and response-selective inhibition

Response inhibition is a key attribute of human executive control. Standard stop-signal tasks require countermanding a single response; the speed at which that response can be inhibited indexes the efficacy of the inhibitory control networks. However, more complex stopping tasks, where one or more components of a multi-component action are cancelled (i.e., response-selective stopping) cannot be explained by the independent-race model appropriate for the simple task (Logan and Cowan 1984). Healthy human participants (n=28; 10 male; 19–40 years) completed a response-selective stopping task where a ‘go’ stimulus required simultaneous (bimanual) button presses in response to left and right pointing green arrows. On a subset of trials (30%) one, or both, arrows turned red (constituting the stop signal) requiring that only the button-press(es) associated with red arrows be cancelled. Electromyographic recordings from both index fingers (first dorsal interosseous) permitted the assessment of both voluntary motor responses that resulted in overt button presses, and activity that was cancelled prior to an overt response (i.e., partial, or covert, responses). We propose a simultaneously inhibit and start (SIS) model that extends the independent race model and provides a highly accurate account of response-selective stopping data. Together with fine-grained EMG analysis, our model-based analysis offers converging evidence that the selective-stop signal simultaneously triggers a process that stops the bimanual response and triggers a new unimanual response corresponding to the green arrow. Our results require a reconceptualisation of response-selective stopping and offer a tractable framework for assessing such tasks in healthy and patient populations.Significance StatementResponse inhibition is a key attribute of human executive control, frequently investigated using the stop-signal task. After initiating a motor response to a go signal, a stop signal occasionally appears at a delay, requiring cancellation of the response. This has been conceptualised as a ‘race’ between the go and stop processes, with the successful (or failed) cancellation determined by which process wins the race. Here we provide a novel computational model for a complex variation of the stop-signal task, where only one component of a multicomponent action needs to be cancelled. We provide compelling muscle activation data that support our model, providing a robust and plausible framework for studying these complex inhibition tasks in both healthy and pathological cohorts.

EVALUATION OF PEA GENOTYPES FOR SALT STRESS TOLERANCE

Pea (Pisum sativum L.), a highly nutritious vegetable, is extremely sensitive to salt stress conditions. A pot study evaluated four pea genotypes (Samrina Zard, Climax, Ambassador, and Green Arrow) by exposing them to control, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.0 dS m-1 by applying NaCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4, and CaCl2 salts. The pots under a completely randomized design (CRD) layout had four replications. Immense genetic variations occurred among the pea genotypes under salt stress. Samrina Zard showed better physiological (transpiration and photosynthesis rates, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll) and morphological traits (shoot/root length, shoot/root dry weight, number of leaves per plant, and leaf area). Genotype Samrina Zard significantly maintained the highest percentage of shoot length (14.54%), root length (28.28%), shoot dry weight (19.58%), root dry weight (36.36%), number of leaves (27.24%), and leaf area (21.59%) at a higher level of salinity 7 dS m-1 compared with the control and all other treatments. In contrast, the Ambassador genotype was categorically salt-sensitive based on the least percentage increase in shoot length (22.42%), dry weight of shoot (67.57%), dry weight of root (59.59%), number of leaves (47.69%) and leaf area (23.72%). However, salinity reduced the physiological attributes in both genotypes. Regardless of salt treatments, Samrina Zard performed better than Ambassador regarding photosynthesis (48.07%), transpiration rate (18.76%), stomatal conductance (45.42%), water use efficiency (55.88%), and chlorophyll contents (29.44%). According to study findings, Samrina Zard performed best against salinity stress.

Dylematy interpretacyjne stosowania sygnałów drogowych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sygnalizatora S-2 w „bezpiecznym” zarządzaniu ruchem drogowym. Część I/III

Interpretative dilemmas of the use of road signals with particular emphasis on the S-2 signal in “safe” traffic management The paper is devoted to the issue of signal traffic control in the context of proper design, opinion, and approval of traffic organization, focusing on the safety principles and practices of road users. Formal and legal aspects derived from the basic provisions of the Act on Road Traffic and its executive acts are explained in depth. Both designers and traffic management authorities have a major dilemma about the interpretation of many signal phase systems. This is confirmed by the results of a study - as many as 71% of the analyzed intersections contained errors in the application of the signal allowing turning in the direction indicated by the “green arrow”. In the paper the possibilities of using individual traffic signals on roads and intersections, and the problems associated with the so-called “green arrow” in particular are explained. Interpretative shortcomings regarding the traffic control of public transport means, traffic control at pedestrian crossings and in the “intersection areas”, including the entrance of a non-public road are thoroughly characterized. The paper is divided into three parts. The first one is devoted to the legal basis of signal traffic control in Poland, and description of the rules of traffic participants’ movement in the conditions of traffic controlled by traffic lights. The three-part paper, as a whole, will be crowned by the authors' conclusions in the final part, along with recommendations for amendments to the Act on Road Traffic and executive acts.

Simultaneous 3-way Paired Exchange Liver Transplantation Without Nondirected Donation: Novel Strategy to Expand the Donor Pool.

Simultaneous 3-way Paired Exchange Liver Transplantation Without Nondirected Donation: Novel Strategy to Expand the Donor Pool.

Transuterine Ultrasound-Guided Fetal Embolization of Vein of Galen Malformation, Eliminating Postnatal Pathophysiology.

Transuterine Ultrasound-Guided Fetal Embolization of Vein of Galen Malformation, Eliminating Postnatal Pathophysiology.

PO-02-109 FACILITATING LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH PACING BY IDENTIFYING THE TIP OF THE TRIANGLE OF KOCH WITH RIGHT ATRIAL SEPTOGRAM

Left bundle branch (LBB) pacing has emerged as an alternative to His bundle (HB) pacing for physiological stimulation of the ventricles. Current techniques to achieve LBB pacing can be challenging and time consuming, as they require the placement of a catheter/lead to reference the HB We sought to develop a method to facilitate the achievement of LBB pacing. Permanent LBB pacing was performed in 104 consecutive patients with symptomatic bradycardia. A right atrial septogram (RAS) was performed in all the patients to locate the His bundle region (HBR). Briefly, 8-10 cc of contrast were injected trough the Medtronic C315 His delivery sheath while fluoroscopy and cine runs were obtained in the RAO 20-degree projection. These images provided the visualization of an approximately 90-degree angle composed by the medial aspect of the tricuspid valve annulus (TV) anteriorly and the superior aspect of the interatrial septum (IAS) superiorly. The apex of this angle coincides with the tip of the triangle of Koch, where the HBR resides (Figure 1A). This area was referenced by placing a sticky paper arrow on the monitor screen (green arrow). The C315 sheath was then advanced approximately 2 cm anteriorly and 1 cm inferiorly from the level of the HBR to the right ventricular septum (RVS) in the location of the LBB area (LBBA) (Figure 1B). Subsequently, a 3830 Medtronic SelectSecure bipolar lead was advanced through the C315 sheath into the interventricular septum by turning the lead clockwise multiple times in the selected LBBA. The advancement of the lead was monitored by fluoroscopy visualization of the interventricular septum plane with intermittent injections of small amounts of contrast media in the LAO 30-degree projection (Figure 1C), by tracking the impedance measurements and analyzing morphology changes of the unipolar paced QRS morphology. LBB capture was confirmed by current ECG criteria. LBB pacing was successfully achieved in 96 % of the patients (100 out of 104 patients). Twenty nine female. Mean age 75 +/10 years. The mean procedure time for LBB lead insertion was 17.5 +/- 15 minutes. For LBB lead performance see table within figure 1. No acute complications were observed. This study demonstrates that the RAS guided technique provides a highly successful and safe approach to achieve LBB pacing by readily identifying the HBR.

Hodgkin lymphoma in the bone marrow aspirate of a young patient with human immunodeficiency virus.

Hodgkin lymphoma in the bone marrow aspirate of a young patient with human immunodeficiency virus.

Bloody tears as initial manifestation of rhino-orbital mucormycosis.

Bloody tears as initial manifestation of rhino-orbital mucormycosis.

WEO Newsletter.

WEO Newsletter.

Computed Tomography Perfusion Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Accurate Interpretation Matters.

Computed Tomography Perfusion Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Accurate Interpretation Matters.

Prolonged Fever in a Child With Congenital Heart Disease and a Prosthetic Valve.

Prolonged Fever in a Child With Congenital Heart Disease and a Prosthetic Valve.

A real-time fire evacuation system based on the integration of Building Information Modeling and Augmented Reality

In the past decade, the drawings in construction projects' standard fire evacuation routes are usually guided in two-dimensional (2-D) views to explain hazardous areas and evacuation routes. Common users cannot interpret the drawings quickly, understand their exact position within the building, and select appropriate evacuation routes. Thus, when fires occur, the construction project's fire can cause damages, and the number of dead or injured workers involved can be high. Nowadays, Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Augmented Reality (AR) are used in construction projects to create construction in a three-dimensional (3-D) visualization. This study aims to create a prototype application that combines Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Augmented Reality (AR) to improve the fire evacuation system and provide real-time access to information for evacuating from hazardous locations. A marker-based location system was implemented, using a marker as a spatial index to link the physical location and virtual information. The system was tested for accuracy using the proposed system and the MATALL Laser Distance Meter on the 4th floor of the Department of Civil Engineering Building at Chulalongkorn University. The results showed that the average percentage difference from the current location to the exit measured by the proposed system was lower than that measured by the MATALL Laser Distance meter, with an average percentage difference of less than 2.2%. Therefore, the proposed system effectively provides real-time access to information such as the current location, exit, distance of the shortest route from the current location to the destination, and virtual green line, voice, and arrow direction for evacuation guidance. It is convenient for decision-making and helps users find destinations quickly and efficiently.

Chronic Blunt Abdominal Aortic Trauma

A 60 year old man complained of abdominal pain, which started two days before admission. Twenty years previously he suffered from a wartime injury, when a grenade exploded close to him and caused him to fall to the ground from a significant height. Computed tomography angiography showed an isolated circular intimal disruption (A, yellow arrow), starting 13 mm above the aortic bifurcation and extended proximally for 35 mm (B, green arrow). The infrarenal aorta was reconstructed with a 14 mm Dacron interposition tube graft through a minilaparotomy. The post-operative course was uneventful and patient was discharged on the fifth post-operative day.Image 1

Salt-and-Pepper Dyspigmentation with Groove Sign in Erasmus Syndrome: A Double Jeopardy.

Salt-and-Pepper Dyspigmentation with Groove Sign in Erasmus Syndrome: A Double Jeopardy.

“Wood-Bark Sign” in Dermoscopy of Aquagenic Syringeal Acrokeratoderma

“Wood-Bark Sign” in Dermoscopy of Aquagenic Syringeal Acrokeratoderma

Dermoscopic Findings of Clonal Seborrheic Keratosis and Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Skin of Color Patients - A Comparison.

Dermoscopic Findings of Clonal Seborrheic Keratosis and Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Skin of Color Patients - A Comparison.

Cover Feature: Improvement of Solid Photoluminescence of Tridentate Schiff Base Pt(II) Foldamer by Hybridizing Poly (4‐Vinylpyridine) (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 36/2022)

The Cover Feature shows the bis(tridentate Schiff base Pt(II)) complex containing dimethyl sulfoxide (Pt2L2DMSO) as a combination of yellow disks, gray disks, orange cones, and a black curved line. Pt2L2DMSO is unfolding due to the steric repulsion of the bulky ligand. The blue hexagons connected to the branched black lines stand for poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP). The green curved figure in the background indicates hybridization. The top image shows the hybridization of Pt2L2DMSO and P4VP, which causes a ligand exchange reaction for Pt2L2DMSO, forming a folding network structure in the yellow membrane. The yellow membrane exhibits red photoluminescence under ultraviolet irradiation (green wavy arrow). The reddish thunder expresses phosphorescence. The bottom image in the cover shows hybridization of Pt2L2DMSO and 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), which causes a ligand exchange reaction for Pt2L2DMSO, forming the folding columnar packing structure in the brown block crystal. The black wavy arrow indicates non-radiative deactivation. The metallofoldamer crystal does not exhibit solid photoluminescence under ultraviolet irradiation, while the metallofoldamer membrane is luminescent, thanks to the hybridization with P4VP. The background color changes gradually from orange to gray at the bottom to orange at the top, showing the improvement of photoluminescence from bottom to top. More information can be found in the Research Article by H. Achira and co-workers.

Kawasaki Disease with Unusual Systemic Arterial Aneurysms.

HomeRadiologyVol. 306, No. 3 PreviousNext Reviews and CommentaryFree AccessImages in RadiologyKawasaki Disease with Unusual Systemic Arterial AneurysmsXiming Wang, Zhaoping Cheng Ximing Wang, Zhaoping Cheng Author AffiliationsFrom the Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China (Z.C.).Address correspondence to Z.C. (email: [email protected]).Ximing WangZhaoping Cheng Published Online:Nov 8 2022https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.221084MoreSectionsPDF ToolsImage ViewerAdd to favoritesCiteTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked In A 23-year-old woman presented with more than a year history of hypertension of unknown origin. Workup with echocardiogram revealed elevation of N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide, a marker of cardiac dysfunction, and increased left ventricular resistance load. CT angiogram showed multiple unusual aneurysms, including whole course aneurysmal dilatation of the right coronary artery (Figure, A, B), aneurysms of the celiac trunk, and hepatic, splenic, mesenteric, and bilateral renal arteries (Figure, A), as well as bilateral vertebral arteries (Figure, C). Subsequently, the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease with systemic arterial aneurysms was confirmed.CT angiograms in a 23-year-old woman with Kawasaki disease. (A) Cinematic rendering shows multiple aneurysms, including whole course aneurysmal dilatation of the right coronary artery (white arrow) and aneurysms of the hepatic artery (red arrow), splenic artery (yellow arrow), right (green arrow) and left (blue arrow) renal arteries, superior mesenteric artery (purple arrow), and inferior mesenteric artery (orange arrow). (B) Maximum intensity projection shows whole course aneurysmal dilatation of the right coronary artery (arrow). (C) Cinematic rendering shows right (blue arrow) and left (red arrow) vertebral artery aneurysms.Download as PowerPointOpen in Image Viewer Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis, usually diagnosed in children between 6 months and 5 years of age. Coronary artery aneurysms are the most recognized complication, seen in approximately 25% of patients without immunoglobulin treatment (1). Rarely, aneurysms of other medium-sized arteries have also been reported (2). Systemic arterial aneurysms, as shown in this case, are uncommon, with a prevalence of 0.8%–2% (3).Disclosures of conflicts of interest: X.W. No relevant relationships. Z.C. No relevant relationships.