Green Approach Research Articles

Facile and eco-friendly room-temperature electrical-enhanced technology for conductive circuits electrohydrodynamic-printed directly on textiles with small usage of conductive fillers

Flexible printed circuits are crucial for efficiently manufacturing electronic textiles. To achieve high conductivity with small usage of conductive fillers and avoid fabric shrinkages caused by high-temperature curing, an eco-friendly and high-temperature-free technology combining UV curing and chemical sintering with electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing was innovatively proposed. The process integrating sequence was systematically investigated, along with in-depth analysis on surface morphology, electrical performance and enhancement mechanism. Results show that pre-treating fabrics using chemical sintering agent before EHD printing leads to an approximately parabola-like change in electrical resistance, and the “holes” formed by polymer aggregation deteriorates the uniform morphology of printed conductor. In contrast, treating printed lines by optimized integrating process facilitates the uniform and sufficient 3D-sintered structure. Electrical resistance was remarkably reduced by 93 % and successfully lowered to 1.24 ± 0.32 Ω even with 20 wt% Ag. The variation in resistance remained within 20 % after 3000 bending cycles and within 42 % after 10 washing times, exhibiting outstanding flexibility and washability. Additionally, application of as-prepared conductive circuits in electronic textile devices is demonstrated through the performance of ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification (UHF RFID) antenna. Significant electrical enhancement based on small usage of conductive fillers in this work provides an efficient and green approach towards high-performance flexible circuits and e-textiles.

A green laboratory approach to medical sample transportation between two medical laboratories: Assessing the environmental impact of drone, combustion car, and electric car transportation of medical samples

A green laboratory approach to medical sample transportation between two medical laboratories: Assessing the environmental impact of drone, combustion car, and electric car transportation of medical samples

A Green and Convenient Approach for the Synthesis of Indole-acrylonitrile and Indole-coumarin Hybrids in Aqueous Media

Abstract: Indole–acrylonitrile hybrids were synthesized via a catalyst-free reaction of aromatic aldehydes and 3-(cyanoacetyl)indole in aqueous media. Also, indole-coumarin hybrids were synthesized via a domino reaction of salicylaldehyde derivatives and 3-(cyanoacetyl)indole in the presence of ammonium acetate in aqueous media. The advantages of the present protocol are high yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity, and environmentally benign, and also there is no need to purification of products.

Adsorption Dynamics of Cd2+ (aq) on Microwave-synthetized Pristine Biochar from Cocoa pod husk: Green, Experimental, and DFT Approaches.

Adsorption Dynamics of Cd2+ (aq) on Microwave-synthetized Pristine Biochar from Cocoa pod husk: Green, Experimental, and DFT Approaches.

Facile green spectrophotometric approaches for the determination of three natural edible antioxidant polyphenols in different matrices

The combination of Curcumin (CRN), resveratrol (RSV), and quercetin (QRN) has significant antioxidant effects and is found to be more effective than a single polyphenol. Spectrophotometric methods are considered one of the most common analytical techniques for the determination of the drugs due to their sensitivity, rapidness, low cost, and reproducibility. Therefore, the presence of new, and simple methods for the determination of such compounds will be highly valuable, specially in the presence of spectral overlap. In this research, five different facile spectrophotometric methods were investigated for the simultaneous determination of that ternary mixture for the first time, including zero order (I), first derivative (II), ratio difference double divisor (III), first derivative ratio spectra (IV), and mean centering (V) methods. The designed approaches were linear over the concentration ranges of (1.0–10.0), (0.5–8.0), and (1.0–14.0) μg/mL, respectively for curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin. The different methods were then validated as stated by the International Council of Harmonization. The accuracy and precision have been evaluated by statistical analysis including student t-test, variance ratio F-test, and ANOVA. Moreover, the greenness and whiteness of the proposed methods were assessed to ensure the adherence to the greenness characters.

Rapidly engineering an osmotic-pressure-tolerant gut bacterium for efficient non-sterile production of bulk chemicals

The concept of next-generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) has been presented as a green biomanufacturing approach based on the use of low-cost substrates in an open and continuous non-sterilization fermentation process. However, the realization of NGIB, partially through the utilization of extremophiles, has been impeded by the challenges in engineering these extremophiles. A previously unexplored solution for advancing NGIB is to obtain readily engineerable microorganisms with osmotic-pressure tolerance. Here, Jejubacter sp. L23 strain, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, osmotic-pressure-tolerant bacterium, was isolated from the gut of superworm Zophobas atratus and identified as a new member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, with high 16S rDNA similarity to Escherichia coli (95.2 %). The growth of L23 strain was observed at 10 to 45 °C and pH 4.0 to 10.0 in the presence of 0 to 12 % (w/v) NaCl. We systematically investigated the genetic parts, molecular tools, and manipulation approaches applicable to the L23 strain, and successfully conducted chromosomal genetic engineering, e.g. base-editing and deletion, by using high-efficiency CRISPR systems under low-salt conditions. Furthermore, the metabolic network of L23 strain was rewired to obtain the engineered L23R7 strain, which could display stable expression of exogenous genes and produce bulk chemicals at high yields using inulin, abundant non-food biomass, and salt water without sterilization. For example, 41 g/L isobutanol was produced by utilizing inulin in a 3-L bioreactor through a non-sterile fermentation process. This potent industrial strain holds the promise of promoting the development of NGIB as a sustainable biomanufacturing solution.

Comparative Study of Sol-Gel and Green Synthesis Technique Using Orange Peel Extract to Prepare TiO2 Nanoparticles

تم استكشاف المستخلصات النباتية على نطاق واسع كبديل أكثر أمانًا للإجراءات التقليدية لتصنيع الجسيمات النانوية لأكاسيد المعادن. ركز البحث الحالي على تصنيع وتوصيف جزيئات ثاني أكسيد التيتانيوم النانوية (TiO2NPs) باستخدام نهج صديق للبيئة (مستخلص قشر البرتقال) مقارنة بتقنية أخرى (طريقة Sol-Gel) في درجة حرارة الغرفة. تم تحليل جزيئات TiO2 النانوية باستخدام حيود الأشعة السينية (XRD) لتحديد متعدد البلورات مع طور anatase لهيكل رباعي الزوايا ومتوسط ​​حجم بلوري 30.2 نانومتر و 24.2 نانومتر من العينة المحضرة من Sol-gel والطريقة الخضراء على التوالي. تحليل مطيافية فوريرللاشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR) لمعرفة طبيعة الاواصر وتحديد المجاميع الوظيفية لجسيمات اوكسيد التيتانيوم النانوية. تُظهر الأشعة فوق البنفسجية المرئية للخصائص البصرية (UV-Vis) أن طاقة فجوة النطاق كامت بين 2.85 الكترون- فولت و 3 الكترون- فولت للجسيمات النانوية TiO2 تم تحضيرها باستخدام طرق sol-gel والطريقة الخضراء على التوالي. حدد تحليل FESEM الشكل المورفولوجي لسطح جسيمات TiO2 النانوية بأقطار الجسيمات النانوية في حدود 60-80 نانومتر و 75-85 نانومتر تم تحضيرها عبر طرق sol-gel والطريقة الخضراء على التوالي.

Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Diones Catalyzed by Cobalt-Doped Iron Tartrate Nanomaterial: A Sustainable and Efficient Approach

Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Diones Catalyzed by Cobalt-Doped Iron Tartrate Nanomaterial: A Sustainable and Efficient Approach

1T/2H Mixed-phase MoS2 with enlarged interlayer spacing induced via bacteria-derived carbon for long-lifespan pseudocapacitors

Pseudocapacitors (PCs) are considered prospective candidates for large-scale aqueous energy storage systems due to their high power density. However, the poor cycling stability resulting from sluggish metal ion transport kinetics and the instability of the electrode structures hinders their further applications. To address this issue, an effective strategy of 1T/2H mixed-phase MoS2 directly grown on the electrochemically activated carbon (EC) induced via bacteria-derived carbon (BC) from bacillus subtilis was proposed to achieve efficient anodes for potassium ion capacitors. The inherent nitrogen elements found in the bacteria-derived carbon, along with a trace amount of amines and their derivatives generated from amino acid decarboxylation, act as support by inserting into the MoS2 interlayer. Amines and their derivatives as intercalators could suppress the MoS2 layer stacking and mitigate structure damage, which is responsible for preventing rapid capacity fading. Thus, the mixed-phase MoS2 with an expanded interlayer spacing of 0.94 nm achieves a remarkable durability with a capacitance retention of 110.2 % after 40,000 cycles at 10 A g−1. Density Functional Theory (DFT) reveals that the mixed-phase MoS2 could improve electron transfer ability and cyclic stability, in which the rich vacancies introduced by bacteria-derived carbon could enhance the K+ adsorption. To highlight, the asymmetric capacitor device (ASC) adopting mixed-phase MoS2 anode shows a long lifespan (88 % capacitance retention over 10,000 cycles). This work will provide a green approach to boost cycling performance of MoS2 anodes and shed light on developing high-performance MoS2-based materials for electrochemical energy storage.

Electrochemical Decarboxylative Addition of N‐Aryl Glycines to Enaminones: Access to C3‐Aminomethyl Chromones

An electrochemical decarboxylative addition of N‐substituted glycines to enaminones has been developed and conducted under oxidant‐, catalyst‐, and light‐free conditions in acetonitrile at room temperature by using electron as the traceless oxidant, which provided a green approach to C3‐aminomethyl chromones. The resulting products were formed through radical addition/oxidation/cyclization or electrophilic addition/cyclization pathway and could act as valuable building blocks to construct polysubstituted pyrimidine derivatives.

Green approach for separating iron and rare earths from complex polymetallic solid residues via hydrogen-based mineral phase transformation: A pilot-scale study

Green approach for separating iron and rare earths from complex polymetallic solid residues via hydrogen-based mineral phase transformation: A pilot-scale study

A new green approach to synthesizing MIP-202@porous silica microspheres for positional isomer/enantiomer/hydrophilic separation

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with superior physicochemical properties have great potential for applications in chromatographic separation. However, currently popular methods for the synthesis of MOF-based silica composite materials usually require the use of harmful organic solvents and long-term high-temperature sealing reactions. In order to respond to the needs of green chromatography, it is urgent to develop a new green organic-solvent-free strategy for the synthesis of MOF@SiO2 composites. MIP-202 is a zirconium-MOF constructed from zirconium ion and L-aspartic acid, which features green synthesis as well as good hydrolytic stability and chemical stability. In this paper, SiO2-NH2 was first prepared in a hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent, and then an amino acid-based MOF material (MIP-202) was modified on the surface of the SiO2-NH2 in an aqueous solution to obtain a MIP-202@SiO2 composite material. The multi-mode separation performance of MIP-202@SiO2 as a promising liquid chromatographic stationary phase was particularly evaluated and the separation mechanisms were discussed. The MIP-202@SiO2 column exhibited excellent separation ability for aromatic positional isomers. In addition, chiral enantiomers and hydrophilic analytes were also satisfactorily detected and separated. This work provides a new approach for the facile synthesis of MOF-based liquid chromatographic separation material by using green deep eutectic solvent and water as the reaction media.

A green approach to synthesis of Ag-doped CeO2 nanorods embedded reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for excellent photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity

In this paper, the Ag-doped cerium oxide nanorods embedded reduced graphene oxide (Ag@CeO2/rGO) nanocomposite was synthesized via Punica Granatum leaf extract for for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The microstructural results confirmed the successful decoration of Ag-doped CeO2 nanorods on rGO matrix. The photocatalytic properties, including photocatalytic degradation, charge transfer kinetics and photocurrent generation, are systematically investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), photocurrent transient response (PCTR) and open circuit voltage decay (OCVD). The results of photocatalytic dye degradation measurements indicated that Ag@CeO2/rGO nanocomposite is more effective than pristine CeO2 to degrade the MB dye, and the degradation rate reached 100 % in 60 min. The decomposition of MB with Ag@CeO2/rGO nanostructure followed first-order reaction kinetics with a reaction rate constant (Ka) of 0.0198 min−1. The EIS and OCVD measurements revealed that the Ag doping and incorporation of rGO could suppress the recombination probability in CeO2 by the separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs, which leads to the enhanced photocurrent generation and photocatalytic activity. The photocurrent density of Ag@CeO2/rGO, CeO2/rGO and pristine CeO2 are 215, 167.4 and 98.8 mAcm−2, respectively.

Arbascular Mycorrhiza and sustainable agriculture: A green approach

Agriculture is new paradigm, sustainable intensification, focuses back on beneficial soil microorganisms for their role in reducing chemical fertilizer and pesticide input and improving plant nutritional and health.More research has been done on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) because they form symbiotic relationships with the root systems of most land plants and make it easier for plants to absorb nutrients by creating extraradical networks of hyphae that spread out from colonized roots into the soil and serve as supplemental absorbents.Plants are protected from abiotic and biotic factors by AMF, and they also contribute in modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), including polyphenols, anthocyanins, phytoestrogens and carotenoids.The employment of AMF symbionts to enhance the nutritional and medicinal value of active food items has come under more and more scrutiny in studies.Despite the wide physiological and genetic diversity of plant species, only a few AMFs have been used, thus limiting their full exploitation.This review study concentrates on the results of AMF on plant secondary substance biosynthesis that can improve health, as well as the standards for choosing the best symbionts to be utilized as sustainable biotechnological instruments to create food that is healthy and safe.The main objectives of the articlewas to examine the role AMF plays in improving soil's physical, biological and chemical properties. Regarding the information gaps found in this review, a discussion of potential future research is given. This will improve our understanding of AMF, encourage additional study, and aid in maintaining soil fertility.

Synthesis of propargylamine: pioneering a green path with non-conventional KA2 coupling approach.

The KA2 coupling reaction is a well-explored and versatile method for forming C-C bonds in synthetic chemistry. It is composed of ketone, amine, and alkyne, which play a major role in the synthesis of propargylamines, known for their diverse biological activities and are used in treating neurogenetical disorders. The KA2 coupling is highly challenging due to the low reactivity of ketimines toward nucleophilic attacks with metal acetylide intermediates formed by activating the C-H bond of the alkyne. Despite predominant studies conducted on thermal conditions for KA2 coupling reactions, green and sustainable approaches like non-conventional methods still have a lot to achieve. This review article provides a comprehensive introduction to the non-conventional approach in the KA2 coupling reaction, outlining its mechanisms and exploring future aspects.

Green chemistry approach for rapid synthesis of indol-3-yl-4H-pyran derivatives, biological assessments, and toxicological activities against Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora)

From diverse or indole-3-carbaldehyde, certain unique indol-3-yl-4H-pyran derivatives were generated by condensing with different nucleophiles. IR, 1HNMR, and elemental studies have all confirmed their chemical structures. The green catalyst for the formation of indol-3-yl-4H-pyran derivatives is a zinc-linked amino acid complex [Zn(L-proline)2]. Furthermore, the environmental friendliness of this synthetic technique was investigated by assessing the reusability of the Zn(L-proline)2 complex over five consecutive cycles with no significant loss of catalytic activity. This novel process has showed substantial advantages in terms of safety, simplicity, stability, mild conditions, a short reaction time, excellent yields, and good purity without the use of organic solvents. The antibacterial properties of the compounds produced were investigated and discovered to be promising. To determine whether compounds are appropriate as possible insecticidal agents, the toxicological activity of the synthesized compounds against Cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, was tested using leaf dip bioassay technique toxicity studies performed in the laboratory. KEY WORDS: One pot synthesis, Zn(L-proline)2, Indole-3-carbaldehyde, Aqueous media, Microwave irradiation, Cowpea aphid, toxicological activity Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(4), 1077-1090. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i4.21

Camellia Sinensis assisted green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles: Investigation of structural, vibrational, morphological and thermal analysis

Metal oxide nanoparticles were created via a green combustion approach, with natural tea extract and metal nitrates as the key starting components. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra were used to determine the phase of CuO, NiO, and Co3O4 nanoparticles. The findings validate the monoclinic and cubic structures of CuO, NiO, and Co3O4 nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles of CuO, NiO, and Co3O4 nanoparticles show crystallite sizes of 25.2, 31.2, and 32.5 nm, respectively. Metal oxide nanoparticles exhibit approximately equal average crystallite diameters, demonstrating the consistency of the synthesis procedure. The FTIR spectra were utilized to investigate the functional groups and other chemical components present in CuO, NiO, and Co3O4 nanoparticles. FESEM investigation revealed a leaf-like surface morphology in CuO nanoparticles. The EDX spectra confirm the presence of metals and oxygen in the produced metal oxide nanoparticles. The study focused on the thermal stability and weight loss % of metal oxide nanoparticles. Metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized from natural tea have been shown to have good thermal stability.

Management of chylopericardium: A novel indocyanine green fluorescence-guided approach to a rare case of cardiac tamponade.

Management of chylopericardium: A novel indocyanine green fluorescence-guided approach to a rare case of cardiac tamponade.

Eco-friendly LEDs radiation-assisted photocatalytic mineralization of toxic azure B dye using Bi2MoZnO7 nanocomposite

The present time nanocomposites show highly improved photocatalytic performance in water pollution remediation technology. Herein, BMZ (Bi2MoZnO7) nanocomposite photocatalyst has been synthesized via the co-precipitation method. The structural and morphological studies were interpreted by analytical techniques including X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses. The accomplishment of photocatalysis was determined by the mineralization of toxic azure B dye using a light-emitting diode (LED) as a source of radiation. The characterization studies revealed that the average particle size of BMZ nanocomposite was 28 nm with a flake-like structure having a smooth surface. An EDX spectrum shows the characteristic peaks of Bi, Mo, Zn, and O elements. The parameters such as pH, dye concentration, catalyst weight, reusability of photocatalyst, Fenton’s reagent, CO2, COD, NO3− and SO42− evaluation, and N2 and O2 purging were studied for optimum conditions. Fenton’s reagent test is one of the green approaches in which OH is generated that is utilized for the degradation of toxic azure B dye. The photocatalytic degradation in Fe2+/H2O2/BMZ/Azure B system, high value of the rate constant was recorded as compared to the experiments, performed without BMZ nanocomposite photocatalyst. The eco-friendly LEDs irradiation was applied as a light source material throughout the experiment. The 98 % degradation of toxic azure B dye was observed in 120 min with the highest rate constant (k = 6.1 × 10−4 s−1) in LEDs irradiation.

Iron-Based Nanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a significant and pressing public health concern, posing serious challenges to effectively preventing and treating persistent diseases. Developing new antibiotics with different mechanisms of action is crucial to effectively address challenges in treating infections. A lot of work has already been done on mono-metallic nanoparticles to address the issue.Methods: This study aimed to synthesize multi-metallic iron, silver, and chitosan-embedded nanoparticles using a green approach. Iron, silver, chitosan nanoparticles, and a composite of iron–silver–chitosan was also synthesized. The synthesized nanoparticles and composites were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate their structural parameters. Their antimicrobial efficacy was investigated through MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration), and well-disk diffusion assays against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans.Results: The size of the Cu-NPs, Cu-Ag NPs, and Cu-Ag-CS NPs were found to be in the range of 32-40 nm size with a spherical shape. The nanocomposites' MIC and MBC were calculated to be 125 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively. The nanocomposites exhibited a range of clear inhibition zones, with a minimum diameter of 12 ± 0.5 mm and a maximum diameter of 22 ± 0.5 mm. Conclusion: The iron–silver–chitosan nanocomposite has been shown to have significant antimicrobial effects in the laboratory environment compared to other nanoparticles hence can be applied as potential biomedical/biological candidates in future.Keywords: Antibacterial; Antifungal Agents; Iron; Silver; Chitosan; Nanoparticles