This article explores the process of what some social scientists in recet decades have called the Greek-Turkish Rapprochment from the perspective of musical culture. The material presented here consists of data collected mainly from interviews, newspapers, conference catalogues, and CD texts. Nine Greek and six Turkish musicians/musicologists were interviewed between July 2007 and March 2008. This article investigates the perceptions of Ottoman musical heritage, situating these within the context of the formation and assertion of national identities, perceptions of the past, and collective memory, as well as the social and political changes that have taken place in Turkey and Greece beginning in the 1980s. For the sake of brevity and consistency, pop music and other kinds of entertainment music have been left out. Whereas the article concentrates mainly on discourses over Ottoman urban music, it also addresses in less detail other genres such as rebetiko and Smyrneiko. <br>