Greatest Barrier Research Articles

Benefits of Mentoring in Oncology Education for Mentors and Mentees: Pre-Post Interventional Study of the British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies' National Oncology Mentorship Scheme.

Formal education of oncology is lacking in many undergraduate medical curricula. Mentoring schemes can expose participants to specific areas of medicine and may address the shortfalls in oncology education. Few mentoring schemes have been designed within the United Kingdom, especially within oncology. There is a need to understand reasons for mentor and mentee participation in such schemes and to identify ways to minimize barriers to engagement. This study identifies motivations for participation in an oncology mentoring scheme and its benefits and limitations to both the mentee and the mentor. The British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies launched a National Oncology Mentorship Scheme (NOMS) on September 1, 2021. Mentees (medical student or foundation doctor) were paired with mentors (specialty registrar or consultant), for 6 months of mentoring. In total, 86 mentors and 112 mentees were recruited to the scheme. The mentees and mentors were asked to meet at least 3 times during this period and suggestions were provided on the content of mentoring. Mentees and mentors were invited to complete a prescheme questionnaire, exploring motivations for involvement in the scheme, current experiences within oncology, and knowledge and interests in the field. At the end of the scheme, mentors and mentees were asked to complete a postscheme questionnaire exploring experiences and benefits or limitations of participation. Paired analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. For free text data, content analysis was applied to summarize the main themes in the data. Of the 66 (59%) mentees who completed the prescheme questionnaire, 41 (62%) were clinical, 21 (32%) preclinical medical students, and the remainder were junior doctors. For mentees, networking was the primary reason for joining the scheme (n=25, 38%). Mentees ranked experience of oncology at medical school at 3 on 10 (IQR 2-5). In this, 46 (53%) mentors completed the prescheme questionnaire, 35 (76%) were registrar level, and the remainder were consultant level (n=11). The most common reason for mentor participation was to increase awareness and interest in the field (n=29, 63%). Of those who completed the prescheme questionnaire, 23 (35%) mentees and 25 (54%) mentors completed the postscheme questionnaire. Knowledge in all areas of oncology assessed significantly increased during the scheme (P<.001). Most mentees (n=21, 91%) and mentors (n=18, 72%) felt they had benefited from the scheme. Mentees cited gaining insights into oncology as most beneficial; and mentors, opportunities to develop professionally. Whilst mentees did not report any barriers to participating in the scheme, mentors stated lack of time as the greatest barrier to mentoring. British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies' NOMS is expanding and is beneficial for mentees through increasing knowledge, providing exposure, and career advice in oncology. Mentors benefit from improving their mentoring skills and personal satisfaction.

Urban agriculture in California: Lessons learned from an urban farmer workshop series

Urban farming is an important component of California agriculture, but lack of agricultural census data or common definitions makes it difficult to track and understand. In 2017–2018, a team of University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources (UC ANR) researchers and extension professionals developed a workshop series for urban farmers in California based on results of a prior needs assessment. After conducting 16 workshops in the state's largest urban centers, the team evaluated what participants learned and how they put their knowledge into action. The evaluation highlighted urban farmers' ongoing challenges and found that economic issues such as profitability and land access are some of the greatest barriers for urban farming in California. An unexpected positive outcome was the opportunity for participants to network and meet other farmers. Urban farmers expressed the need for more opportunities for mentoring and building partnerships with other farmers and organizations. Evaluation results suggest that California's urban farmers may be more diverse than California farmers as a whole, and that they are often beginning farmers.

Investigation of Current Industry Strategies to Reduce the Cost of Financing a Manufactured Home

The cost and process when financing manufactured homes (MHs) are the greatest barriers to owning them. MHs are considered personal properties and do not qualify for conventional real estate loans with lower interest rates than personal (chattel) loans. The resulting higher financing costs present a major obstacle to the lower-income demographic, who are the predominant purchasers of MHs. Recently, strategies have been implemented to permit MHs to be considered real property; therefore, making them eligible for a conventional mortgage. However, most MHs do not qualify for conventional loans and must apply for higher-interest chattel loans. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this area has not been investigated by academia or industry. Therefore, there is a gap in the literature on financing an MH. This study reviewed various methods for financing MHs and their corresponding loan terms, interest rates, down payments, and advantages or disadvantages. This study included Federal Housing Administration (FHA), chattel, and conventional loans. The aim was to identify the best approaches to reduce the cost of financing an MH that was based on specific conditions, such as the land ownership of the property and the type of foundation. Strategies, such as providing land lease communities for MHs to qualify them as real properties, were discussed. Recommendations were made to reduce ownership costs for manufactured houses to benefit the homeowners, MH industry, and mortgage companies.

Addressing the lack of Asian Composers and Administration in Western Classical Music

Western classical music is a significant cultural tradition that has been in practice and of scholarly interest in the past millennia. In the past century, there has been an emergence of Asian performers and composers in the classical music industry. Currently, classical Asian musicians make up 9% of the musician population despite comprising 6% of the national population (Hernandez, 2021). In our paper, we will dive into the extent of influence of Asian music on the West, as well as the presence of Asians in a Western Classical music context and the expression of their identities. Analyzing different representations of Western music in Asian context in the past centuries have shown these compositions to be merely cultural reproductions and rather simplistic than genuinely representing Asian identity. Although a handful of composers have shown hope in carving a space for Asian innovators, such as Tan Dun and Toru Takemitsu, the greatest barriers arise from the lack of Asian figures in administration and positions of power in the classical music society. It’s vital for Asian students to be offered classes on not just the development of Asian music and its prominent artists, but also on the social and cultural context in which world music developed. Organizations, such as the Music of Asia America Research Center, should be incorporated into music school curriculum in order to strengthen the identity of asian musicians and create a community where they can prosper.

What theories and methods do social workers report using in their practice? A scoping review

A scoping review framework was used to explore and synthesize the existing international research surrounding social workers’ application of theory into practice. The results indicated: (a) social workers report employing pragmatic approaches; (b) although some social workers struggle to explicitly identify the theories and methods they utilize, implicit theoretical application is evident; (c) time is the greatest barrier to theoretical application; and (d) some social workers are concerned with individual functioning rather than social justice. There is a need to integrate theory into education and future research to explore the link between theory and practice implemented by social workers internationally.

Attitudes towards technology supported rheumatoid arthritis care: investigating patient- and clinician-perceived opportunities and barriers.

Globally, demand outstrips capacity in rheumatology services, making Mobile Health (mHealth) attractive, with the potential to improve access, empower patient self-management and save costs. Existing mHealth interventions have poor uptake by end users. This study was designed to understand existing challenges, opportunities and barriers for computer technology in the RA care pathway. People with RA were recruited from Barts Health NHS Trust rheumatology clinics to complete paper questionnaires and clinicians were recruited from a variety of centres in the UK to complete an online questionnaire. Data collected included demographics, current technology use, challenges managing RA, RA medications and monitoring, clinic appointments, opportunities for technology and barriers to technology. A total of 109 patient and 41 clinician questionnaires were completed. A total of 83.5% of patients and 93.5% of clinicians use smartphones daily. However, only 25% had ever used an arthritis app and only 5% had persisted with one. Both groups identified managing pain, flares and RA medications as areas of existing need. Access to care, medication support and disease education were mutually agreeable opportunities; however, discrepancies existed between groups with clinicians prioritizing education over access, likely due to concerns of data overwhelm (80.6% considered this a barrier). In spite of high technology use and willingness from both sides, our cohort did not utilize technology to support care, suggesting inadequacies in the existing software. The lack of an objective biomarker for RA disease activity, existing challenges in the healthcare system and the need for integration with existing technical systems were identified as the greatest barriers. Registered on the Clinical Research Network registry (IRAS ID: 264690).

Positive Chemotaxis of CREKA-Modified Ceria@Polydopamine Biomimetic Nanoswimmers for Enhanced Penetration and Chemo-photothermal Tumor Therapy.

Tumor interstitial pressure represents the greatest barrier against drug diffusion into the depth of the tumor. Biometric nanomotors highlight the possibility of enhanced deep penetration and improve cellular uptake. However, control of their directionality remains difficult to achieve. Herein, we report cysteine-arginine-glutamic acid-lysine-alanine (CREKA)-modified ceria@polydopamine nanobowls as tumor microenvironment-fueled nanoscale motors for positive chemotaxis into the tumor depth or toward tumor cells. Upon laser irradiation, this nanoswimmer rapidly depletes the tumor microenvironment-specific hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the nanobowl, contributing to a self-generated gradient and subsequently propulsion (9.5 μm/s at 46 °C). Moreover, the asymmetrical modification of CREKA on nanobowls could automatically reconfigure the motion direction toward tumor depth or tumor cells in response to receptor-ligand interaction, leading to a deep penetration (70 μm in multicellular spheroids) and enhanced antitumor effects over conventional nanomedicine-induced chemo-photothermal therapy (tumor growth inhibition rate: 84.2% versus 56.9%). Thus, controlling the direction of nanomotors holds considerable potential for improved antitumor responses, especially in solid tumors with high tumor interstitial pressure.

Utilization of Teleconsent for Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Clinical Trials, a Report from the Children's Oncology Group.

Purpose: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs, ages 15-39 years) are underrepresented in oncology clinical trials. Reasons for this include accessibility of the trial and whether the trial is presented to AYAs. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic not only amplified these enrollment challenges but also presented opportunities for improving the enrollment process through virtual methods such as electronic informed consent and teleconsent. While AYAs are well positioned to take advantage of these opportunities, the extent to which institutions utilize remote enrollment processes is unclear. The goal of this study was to identify the utilization of and barriers to using teleconsent for AYA oncology clinical trials. Methods: The Children's Oncology Group (COG) AYA Responsible Investigator (RI) Network Teleconsent Working Group sought to understand teleconsent utilization both before and during the pandemic. The working group developed an online survey distributed via email to COG AYA RI Network members (n = 197). Results: The survey received 49 responses (25%) from 40 different institutions. Before the pandemic, 13% of respondents reported that their institution allowed study enrollment via teleconsent. After the pandemic, 23% reported using teleconsent for clinical trial enrollment and 38% reported changes in institutional Review Board policies and procedures allowing teleconsent. Respondents reported that the greatest benefit of teleconsent was patient convenience and the greatest barrier was institutional restrictions on teleconsent utilization. Respondents reported that sharing institutional guidelines would be the most helpful intervention to improve teleconsent adoption. Conclusion: Teleconsent is a promising but underutilized approach. Institutions should work together to address common challenges to accessibility and acceptance of clinical trials by AYA cancer patients.

Advancements for the Future: A National Survey of Fastpitch Softball Coaches' Perspectives on Injury Prevention Programming.

Approximately 50 percent of softball injuries are the result of overuse or chronic conditions. However, research exploring preventative measures for softball players is limited and usage of injury prevention strategies among softball coaches is unknown. This survey aimed to investigate if softball coaches are implementing injury prevention programs to reduce injury and improve the performance of their players. The secondary purpose was to identify barriers to the implementation of injury prevention programs. Finally, this survey explored the coaches' knowledge of injury risk factors and their views on design and usage of preventative programs. Descriptive cross-sectional survey. A 35-item survey was sent to approximately 14,000 high school and collegiate fastpitch softball coaches throughout the United States. Data were collected over a three-month period with an overall response rate of 1.2%. Among responding coaches, 45.9% (n=79/172) reported implementing injury prevention programs. Coaches who implement injury prevention strategies most frequently utilize team-based programs (68.8%, n=52/93) compared to group-based (19.0%, n=15/93) or individualized programs (15.2%, n=12/93). Coaches who do not use preventative programming reported that being unsure of what program to perform (53.8%, n=50/93) and not having enough staff (20.4%, n=19/93) were the greatest barriers to implementation. Although over 50% of coaches recognized arm fatigue/overuse (27.9%, n=48/172) and decreased core strength (22.7%, n=39/172) were important risk factors, 36% (n=94/172) "disagree" that softball pitchers should adhere to pitch counts and 90% (n=83/92) believe that preventative programming for pitchers and position players should be similar. Less than 50 percent of softball coaches implement exercise programs to prevent injury. Limited familiarity with effective program design, inadequate staffing, and inconsistent risk factor awareness are the major contributors to lacking implementation. Collaboration between rehabilitation professionals and softball coaches regarding preventative programming should be considered. Level 3©The Author(s).

Identifying barriers to obstructive sleep-disordered breathing care: Parental perspectives.

Despite established clinical practice guidelines for pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), disparities persist for this common condition. Few studies have investigated parental experiences about challenges faced in obtaining SDB evaluation and tonsillectomy for their children. To better understand parent-perceived barriers to treatment of childhood SDB, we administered a survey to assess parental knowledge of this condition. A cross-sectional survey was designed to be completed by parents of children diagnosed with SDB. Two validated surveys were administered: 1) Barriers to Care Questionnaire and 2) Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Adenotonsillectomy Knowledge Scale for Parents. Logistic regression modeling was performed to assess for predictors of parental barriers to SDB care and knowledge. Eighty parents completed the survey. Mean patient age was 7.4±4.6 years, and 48 (60%) patients were male. The survey response rate was 51%. Patient racial/ethnic categories included 48 (60.0%) non-Hispanic White, 18 (22.5%) non-Hispanic Black, and 14 (17.5%) Other. Parents reported challenges in the 'Pragmatic' domain, including appointment availability and cost of healthcare, as the most frequently described barrier to care. Adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, parents in the middle-income bracket ($26,500 - $79,500) had higher odds of reporting greater barriers to care than parents in the highest (>$79,500) income tier (OR 5.536, 95% CI 1.312-23.359, P=0.020) and lowest income tier (<$26,500) (OR 3.920, 95% CI 1.096-14.020). Parents whose children had tonsillectomy (n=40) answered only a mean 55.7%±13.3% of questions correctly on the knowledge scale. Pragmatic challenges were the most encountered barrier that parents reported in accessing SDB care. Families in the middle-income tier experienced the greatest barriers to SDB care compared to lower and higher income families. In general, parental knowledge of SDB and tonsillectomy was relatively low. These findings represent potential areas of improvement to target interventions to promote equitable care for SDB.

Targeted Invitations to Tailor: Establishing Fertility as Relevant in U.S. Sex Education

ABSTRACT The United States faces troubling fertility trends that include high percentages of unintended pregnancies, as well as record-low fertility rates and individuals having fewer offspring than they desire. To address these problems, scholars and public health advocates have argued for the implementation of fertility information into existing sex-education curricula. In this study, we draw from 32 semi-structured interviews with secondary school sex educators to gain insight into their experiences on this front. They contended that one of the greatest barriers to their successfully teaching fertility related material was that students do not find fertility information relevant. Participants described three appeals that they employ to communicate fertility information as persistently relevant to the adolescents in their classes. Our interviews revealed that all three of these relevance appeals employ targeted invitations for students to tailor fertility information in ways that fit them personally. These findings suggest a need to re-conceptualize targeting and tailoring research in ways that connect with the goals of in situ, relevance-oriented communication, and they indicate how a focus on teaching health educators to establish fertility as relevant would help to situate future generations for better sexual and reproductive health over a lifetime.

Molecular Engineering Design of Enhanced Donor-Acceptor Therapeutic Reagent for Efficient Image-Guided Photodynamic Therapy.

The greatest barrier to the further development and clinical application of tumor image-guided PDT, is the inconsistency between the fluorescence intensity and the singlet oxygen generation yield of the photosensitizer under light excitation. Here, a novel donor-acceptor (D-A) system wa s designed from the point of molecular selection by wrapping a classical porphyrin molecule (H2 TPP) as an acceptor into conjugated polymer (ADS254BE) as a donor through fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism, which exhibits bright red emission centered at 650nm (Quantum yield, 0.12), relatively large Stoke shift of 276nm, enhanced singlet oxygen generation rate of 0.73, and excellent photostability. The investigations on distribution and killing effect of nanomaterials in cancer cells revealed that ADS254BE/H2 TPP NPs can accumulate in the cytoplasm for imaging while simultaneously producing a large amount of singlet oxygen to remarkably kill cancer cells, which could be used for real-time image-guided PDT. In the xenograft tumor model, real-time imaging and long-term tracing in tumor tissue with ADS254BE/H2 TPP NPs disclosed that the growth of lung cancer in mice could be effectively inhibited during in-situ imaging. From the standpoint of molecular engineering design, this work provides a feasible strategy for novel D-A systems to improve the development of image-guided PDT. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Barriers to Receiving Follow-up Care Among Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Little is known on why adherence to follow-up care in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) is lacking. This study characterized barriers to adherence to follow-up care among CCS, identified sociodemographic correlates of barriers, and examined whether barriers to follow-up care relate to health-related quality of life. Adult CCS (N=84) were anonymously surveyed via REDCap using the Barriers to Care Questionnaire (BCQ) and the Quality of Life Scale-Cancer Survivor (QOL-CS). Both descriptive and correlation analyses were conducted. The median BCQ total score was 88.5 (interquartile ranges:78.4 to 95.7), with the greatest barriers reported in the Skills (eg, ease of navigating the healthcare system) and Pragmatism subscales (eg, cost). There was a statistically significant correlation between the BCQ total score and the QOL-CS total score (rs=0.47, P <0.0001) and the physical, psychological, and social QOL-CS subscales (all P 's<0.05). The results found that barriers to follow-up care for CCS are mostly related to cost and appointment logistics, and that more barriers to care is associated with lower health-related quality of life among CCS. Identifying barriers to follow-up care is the first step in improving adherence, which would allow for earlier detection of late effects of cancer therapy and thereby result in reductions in morbidity and mortality.

Analysis of a Community Health Screening Program and the Factors Affecting Access to Care.

Introduction Free community health fairs and screening initiatives can be effective in broadening access to care and improving health outcomes in historically marginalized communities. UTHealthCares is a community health-focused organization developed at the University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston. At the beginning of 2023, UTHealthCares oversaw a free community health fair in the Eastex-Jensen Area - a medically underserved area in Northeast Houston. The health fair consisted of four stations - vitals and body mass index collection, vision screening, blood glucose screening, and dental screening. Participants also received coronavirus disease 2019 vaccinations, referrals, and health education. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the UTHealthCares community health fair while assessing the factors that influence participants' access to medical care. Methods After completing the health fair, participants filled out an optional questionnaire. The questionnaire contained items that assessed satisfaction with the health fair, improvements in managing health, and access to resources. We calculated descriptive statistics, including mean response and 95% confidence intervals for rating scale questions. We used the chi-squared test to evaluate the independence of categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate differences in means between distributions. Results A total of 111 people participated in the health fair, 91 of which completed a questionnaire. When participants rated their satisfaction with the health fair, the average response was 4.62 out of five. Participants also reported that they were more comfortable managing areas of health related to the stations offered at the fair. Many participants reported limited access to fresh food and long travel times to the physician. Participants that traveled further to reach one resource also tended to have significantly higher travel times for the other: X2 (4, N=78)=28.04, p<0.0001. However, 77.8% of respondents reported that the lack of insurance or cost was their greatest barrier to seeing a medical provider, while only 2.47% reported the lack of transportation as their greatest barrier. Participants who reported having health insurance also had a significantly higher probability of visiting a medical provider when they had a health issue: U=928.5, p=0.0006. Conclusion Overall, participants reported high satisfaction with the health fair. Participants also gave valuable feedback for improving future community health initiatives. Although many participants reported travel times greater than 30 minutes to reach community resources, very few participants indicated that transportation was their largest barrier to accessing medical care. Instead, the lack of insurance and high costs seem to be participants' most significant hindrances. Therefore, interventions in the Eastex-Jensen area focused on expanding access to care should also include components that improve access to insurance.

Nematicidal Properties of Medicinal Plants against Root-Knot Nematode - A Systematic Review

Plant parasitic nematodes are small roundworms that feed on plants and damage them. The most serious among them was root-knot nematodes that found in cultivated crops throughout the world. Root-knot nematode infection in plants has become the biggest issue nowadays due to the significant agricultural losses. The greatest barrier to environment-friendly crop production in modern agriculture is the reliance on chemical nematicides for crop protection. Instead of using hazardous chemical nematicides, it should be encouraged to apply plant-based nematicides. The mechanism of root-knot nematode infection and eco-friendly management strategies were covered in this review. This information should be done in this area so that eco-friendly and cost-effective controlling measures against root-knot nematodes.

Cost-effective Analysis of Prescribed Oral Hypoglycemic Agents amongst Pre-obese and Obese Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Odisha

Objectives: Diabetes is more prevalent in middle- and higher-income groups and is spreading at an alarming rate. Drug therapy is compulsory because of the chronic and progressive nature of the disease. With such multifactorial background of high prevalence, progressive nature of the disease leading to various complications, increased healthcare cost, and availability of multiple therapeutic regimens prescribed, this study has been done to evaluate the cost-effective analysis of oral hypoglycemic agents. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, parallel group, and comparative observational study conducted by the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with the Department of Endocrinology at Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar. The duration of the study was of 2 years. A total number of 220 patients were selected and based on body mass index, patients were categorized into preobese (new and old diabetic patients) and obese (new and old diabetic patients) categories. In this study, cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) was done to evaluate the cost differences between two or more medication groups, with a similar clinical effect. Results of CEA are expressed as an average cost-effectiveness ratio or as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Results: From this study, it is observed that in terms of benefit, dual therapy of Metformin and Dapagliflozin was most efficacious followed by Metformin and Sitagliptin as well as Metformin and Glimepiride combinations. If cost is considered, Metformin montherapy and metformin and Glimepiride dual therapy was most cost-effective. In triple regimen, MET+VOG+GLIM combination was seen to be more cost effective than gliptin combination, both in terms of control of FBS as well as PPBS. The cost of treatment goes parallel with duration of disease, being higher in the old cases of long-standing duration. Conclusion: The present study shows that SGLT2 inhibitors are better class of oral hypoglycemics in terms of long-term benefits and this group is prescribed as dual therapy more frequently but cost of therapy is the greatest barrier. Metformin and Sulfonylureas remain the most beneficial combination, both in terms of efficacy and cost. The cost of treatment was varying, depending on the duration of disease, being higher in old cases and lower in new cases.

Pediatric Health Care Provider Awareness, Perceptions, and Utility of Sport Specialization Recommendations.

Sport specialization, or focused participation in a single sport, is associated with an increased rate of overuse injury and burnout. Medical associations and sport organizations have published recommendations for sport specialization aimed at reducing its negative consequences. Health care providers (HCPs) are often identified as individuals who can educate athletes and parents about these important recommendations. To compare knowledge, perceptions, awareness, confidence in knowledge, and use of sport specialization recommendations among HCPs who work with pediatric athletes. Cross-sectional study. An online web-based survey was developed to assess HCPs' knowledge, perceptions, awareness, confidence in knowledge, and clinical use of sport specialization recommendations. Participants were recruited from the research survey services of 4 professional organizations. Dependent variables were responses for awareness, perceptions, confidence in knowledge, use, and barriers sections of the survey. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics; comparisons among HCPs were made through χ2 and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The survey was completed by 770 HCPs (completion rate = 95.1%). Respondents lacked awareness specific to recommendations surrounding the maximum number of sport participation months per year (39.5%), maximum hours per week (40.7%), and maximum number of teams on which youth athletes should participate concurrently (43.9%). Physicians were the most aware of medical organization recommendations generally (48%-68.8%) and confident in their knowledge (41.5%-75.1%). All HCPs were less aware and confident in their knowledge of sport organization recommendations, with no differences among HCPs. Physicians did not perceive many barriers to the use of the recommendations, whereas athletic trainers felt that patient (39.9%) and parent (45.3%) behaviors were the greatest barriers to usage. Awareness, perceptions, and use of sport specialization recommendations varied by discipline, but most respondents believed they were associated with a decreased risk of injury. Future researchers should focus on improved education and implementation of recommendations across all roles.

The relationship among faculty-to-faculty incivility and job satisfaction or intent to leave in nursing programs in the United States.

There have been numerous studies examining student-faculty and faculty-student incivility in nursing programs (Atmiller, 2012; Clark et al., 2021; Clark & Springer, 2010; Eka & Chambers, 2019; Tourangeau et al., 2014). Research on faculty-to-faculty incivility in nursing programs has been lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship among faculty-to-faculty incivility, job satisfaction and intent to leave. Furthermore, this study examined the barriers to addressing incivility, the contributing factors to workplace incivility and strategies to improve workplace incivility. The initial sampling method used was a randomized stratified cluster sampling method. Due to a poor response rate the sampling process was changed to convenience sampling. The researcher collected data using The Workplace Incivility/Civility Survey. Additional questions were added to collect demographic data, incidences of incivility in the workplace, the physical and emotional response to these incidences, job satisfaction and intent to leave. Data analysis showed that 50% of the participants believe faculty-to-faculty incivility is a moderate to severe problem in their workplace. Furthermore, there is a negative correlation between faculty-to-faculty incivility and job satisfaction or faculty retention. Additional findings showed that 38.6% of the participants had minimal to no confidence in addressing workplace incivility. Fear of professional or personal retaliation was the greatest barrier to addressing workplace incivility. The current nursing faculty shortage has created a barrier to addressing the nursing workforce shortage. Universities and nursing programs need to address the factors that lead to decreased job satisfaction and faculty attrition with incivility being one of the factors.

Breastfeeding Among Working Mothers: A Systematic Review

Abstract Date Presented 04/20/2023 The health benefits of breastfeeding for infants and mothers are well documented. Despite the numerous health benefits of breastfeeding, many women in the United States do not meet their breastfeeding goals. Return to work or school is one of the greatest barriers to breastfeeding. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to more fully understand the association between work and breastfeeding. We found a strong association between return to work and breastfeeding cessation. Primary Author and Speaker: Rebecca L. Wolf Additional Authors and Speakers: Sarah Cunningham, Jenna Penning, Sydnie Barboza, Taylor Tonks, Brooklynn Hansen Contributing Authors: Kacey Varnell

Risky business: Protecting nature, protecting wealth?

AbstractFinance is a precondition for many of the activities that harm ecosystems, but how to address this underlying driver of biodiversity loss remains a topic of debate. This paper reviews the Task Force on Nature‐Related Financial Disclosures (TNFD), a corporate‐led effort that aims to identify how changes to biodiversity may create financial risks for companies and investors. This approach is also promoted as a strategy for managing the impact of business on biodiversity, with the assumption that risk disclosure will more effectively price biodiversity‐harming activities. We assess the potential of the TNFD toward this end, and invite conservation scientists, practitioners, and policymakers to engage critically with its theory of change. We find that the relationship between disclosing biodiversity risk and redirecting finance away from environmental degradation is tenuous and unproven, making this mechanism insufficient for addressing the impact of the financial sector on nature. We question the embrace of another industry‐led mechanism that implies that a lack of information is the greatest barrier to stopping biodiversity loss. Further, there are risks that this financial sector approach to biodiversity will reinforce the highly unequal concentration of power and wealth, which is itself inimical to transformative change, as called for by the Intergovernmental Science–Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.