Greater Security Research Articles

Changing attachment orientation: Uncovering the role of shifting the emotion regulation tendency.

Changes in the individual's attachment orientation toward greater security are considered an important clinical goal. One promising underlying process of change in attachment orientation is shifting the emotion regulation tendency, in which the individual progresses from overreliance on the self or on the other to regulate emotional arousal. The present study utilized a computational approach to study shifts in the emotion regulation tendency as these manifest in the patient's and therapist's vocally encoded emotional arousal. The study examined whether shifts in the regulation tendency are associated with decreases in the level of insecure attachment and in strengthening of the therapeutic alliance. Shifts in the regulation tendency were examined throughout the early stages of treatment (Sessions 1-4) using 11,710 talk turns within 52 patient-therapist dyads. Findings suggest that shifts in the emotion regulation tendency are associated with greater strengthening of the therapeutic alliance and a decrease in the level of attachment avoidance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Discerning Selfiers: Differences between Taking and Sharing Selfies.

Selfies provide unique opportunities to explore, document, and interact with the self through photography. However, the inherent intrapersonal affordance of self-portraiture becomes a unique manifestation of masspersonal theory when selfies are shared, a step that is often assumed but not unpacked in selfie research. Therefore, it is essential to understand when and for whom these intrapersonal and interpersonal moments evolve into masspersonal moments or communication episodes. This study uses a novel strategy to investigate selfie behavior-the likelihood of taking and sharing selfies-to assess individual differences between selfie-takers, or "selfiers". Discerning selfiers-people more likely to take than share selfies-report greater control and self-esteem compared to non-discerning selfiers, who are equally as likely to take as share selfies. Furthermore, control mediates the effect of selfier type on self-esteem; discerning selfiers report that others are not in control of their life, resulting in greater security regarding others' perceptions of them. The current findings reveal the unique effects of differential deployment of selfies.

Risk assessment when granting credit to non-financial legal entities

Purpose: This study aimed to verify risk assessment procedures when granting credit by a legal entity via financing in negotiations with its customers. Methodology: A documentary approach was used, emphasizing qualitative analysis, during the experimental study conducted at an XYZ organization linked to information technology. Results: They point out that the credit score and rating score, established through the evaluation stages, taking into account the company's history, documentation, guarantees, financial health, cash flow, indebtedness, corporate governance, and market prospects, enable the risk classification of their analyzed clients, ranging from AAA for the "alpha" client to D for the "beta" client. This result made it possible to deduce that credit assessment is appropriate automation in financing decisions for commercial activities, capable of promoting financial flexibility and commercial agility. Customer risk classification is therefore seen as a fundamental tool for improving XYZ's financial decisions, minimizing default risks, and guaranteeing the financial security of its commercial operations, resulting from establishing risk scores for both defaulting and non-defaulting companies. Contributions of the Study: This study makes a relevant theoretical contribution to the field of research by highlighting the importance of validating the criteria used in granting financing, as well as the contextual factors that can affect decisions. The practical contribution of analyzing a non-financial institution under the pandemic context and how they minimize their default by establishing credit analysis mechanisms provides improvements and consequently greater security as lenders.

Multi‐lingual encryption technique using Unicode and Riemann zeta function and elliptic curve cryptography for secured routing in wireless sensor networks

AbstractSecure routing and communication with confidentiality based on encryption of texts in multiple natural languages are challenging issues in wireless sensor networks which are widely used in recent applications. The existing works on Elliptic Curve Cryptography based secured routing algorithms are focused only on the encryption and decryption of single language text encrypted over a Prime finite field. In this article, a new algorithm called Multi‐Language ECC encrypted Secure Routing algorithm with trust management is proposed, in order to ensure confidentiality and integrity which focuses on the encryption of plain text using Riemann's zeta function and Elliptic Curve Cryptography for improving the key strength which is applied for encryption over a range of multi languages namely Tamil, English, Hindi French and German which are supported by Unicode and routing the text security. From the experiments conducted using the proposed multi‐lingual encryption algorithm with network routing, we prove that the suggested method provides greater security than the current secure routing algorithms due to the use of Zeta function and Gamma function with ECC key and trust management. but also boasts reduced complexity compared to other existing multi‐lingual encryption algorithms.

SiSMA‐SWMS: Signature‐based Secure Monitoring Approach for Smart Waste Monitoring Systems

AbstractWith the speedy growth of the populace, corresponding waste also grows, notably raising greater concern about the monitoring of waste in urban areas. Although the traditional method of waste monitoring has benefited city waste management systems, it remains time‐consuming, inefficient, and detrimental to public health. This situation can be improved by integrating advanced technologies, which can significantly enhance the flexibility and performance of waste monitoring systems. However, these advanced technologies encounter numerous security challenges. In this article, we have implemented a signature‐based monitoring approach to oversee the status of smart bins. To ensure the security, robustness, and reliability of the introduced protocol, we utilized tools such as AVISPA, Scyther, the ROR model, and Mao and Boyd logic. As discussed in the informal security analysis, the introduced protocol successfully fulfills the security requirements for smart waste monitoring systems. Finally, an in‐depth comparative analysis of the related works and the introduced protocol shows that the latter provides greater security, reliability, and efficiency. As a result, the reliability and hardness of the cryptographic operations used in the introduced protocol make it secure enough to use in real‐world applications.

An AI-Enabled Blockchain Algorithm: A Novel Approach to Counteract Blockchain Network Security Attacks

INTRODUCTION: In this research, we present a novel method for strengthening the security of blockchain networks through the use of AI-driven technology. Blockchain has emerged as a game-changing technology across industries, but its security flaws, particularly in relation to Sybil and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, are a major cause for worry. To defend the blockchain from these sophisticated attacks, our research centres on creating a strong security solution that combines networks of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM).
 OBJECTIVES: The main goal of this project is to create and test an AI-driven blockchain algorithm that enhances blockchain security by utilising LSTM and SOM networks. These are the objectives that the research hopes to achieve: In order to assess the shortcomings and weaknesses of existing blockchain security mechanisms. The goal is to create a new approach that uses LSTM sequence learning and SOM pattern recognition to anticipate and stop security breaches. In order to see how well this integrated strategy works in a simulated blockchain setting against different types of security risks.
 METHODS: The methods used in our study are based on social network analysis. A combination of support vector machines (SOM) for pattern recognition and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for learning and event sequence prediction using historical data constitutes the methodology. The steps involved in conducting research are: The current state of blockchain security mechanisms is examined in detail. Creating a virtual blockchain and incorporating the SOM+LSTM algorithm.
 Putting the algorithm through its paces in order to see how well it detects and defends against different security risks.
 RESULTS: Significant enhancements to blockchain network security are the primary outcomes of this study. Important results consist of: Using the SOM+LSTM technique, we were able to increase the detection rates of possible security risks, such as Sybil and DDoS attacks. Enhanced reaction times when compared to conventional security techniques for attack prediction and prevention. Demonstrated ability of the algorithm to adapt and learn from new patterns of attacks, assuring long-term sustainability.
 CONCLUSION: This paper's findings highlight the efficacy of enhancing blockchain security through the integration of artificial intelligence technologies such as LSTM and SOM networks. In addition to improving blockchain technology's detection and forecasting capabilities, the SOM+LSTM algorithm helps advance the platform toward greater security and reliability. This study provides a solid answer to the increasing worries about cyber dangers in the modern era and opens the door to more sophisticated AI uses in blockchain security.

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design: Numerical investigation of environmental factors affecting security in sports facilities

Sports are one of the most essential categories of developed and developing societies, among which football, as the most popular sport in the world, receives special attention from governments. Therefore, to increase the attendance of people in stadiums, it is necessary for the managers to identify the factors influencing the attendance of spectators, both psychological and internal factors, as well as external and environmental factors, and to design and implement a written and specific strategy and plan. Having a sense of security is one of the influential factors in creating satisfaction in the audience. Due to the high cost of building sports facilities and spaces, care should be taken about many factors and variables, especially the correct location of such spaces, to enable easier access, fairer distribution, and greater security. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the environmental factors that affect security in sports facilities with the approach of crime prevention through environmental design in stadiums. The instrument in this research is a questionnaire on security in sports facilities with the effectiveness of crime prevention through environmental design. Finally, the artificial neural network system method was used in MATLAB (A 2018) and SPSS (V24) software to analyze the data and answer the research questions. Environmental factors of access, light and illumination, readability, visibility and natural surveillance, repair and maintenance, dynamics, functional disorders, and guide signs respectively had a positive effect on security and crime prevention through environmental design in sports facilities. Therefore, sports directors and architects must pay attention to these indicators in the design of sports stadiums. Keywords: Stadiums, Sport Management, Sports Events, CPTED Approach, Neural Networks.

Role of Thulium Laser and Holmium Laser in the Surgical Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia are generally treated holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP). Therefore, it is important to analyze the several surgical procedures used for benign prostatic hyperplasia in terms of their role, effectiveness and safety. We conducted a meta-analysis by searching databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Finally, we selected 10 papers including 2,456 patients treated with of thulium laser and holmium laser in the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. We did the analysis using RevMan 5.0 with the selected studies until 26 October 2023. ThuLEP resulted in a smaller reduction in haemoglobin (MD: -0.22, 95%CI -0.32 to -0.13, P<0.001) and a shorter hospital stay (MD: -0.29, 95%CI -0.38 to -0.20, P <0.001). During the postoperative follow-ups, only the IPSS (MD: -0.03; 95%CI -0.11 to -0.06; P 0.58) at the six-month showed statistically significant differences. ThuLEP has greater security and faster growth than HoLEP.

Digital twins a digital transformation for management of the construction industry

In recent years technologies have been transforming working relationships in the construction industry. To dynamize the sector, new ways are sought to obtain better control over its lifecycle. The goals are to achieve cost savings, improvement in the quality of services, greater security and less environmental impact. Important information, to reach such goals, is generated during the project, the construction, the use/upkeep of assets. Nevertheless, this information is not used properly, because it requires participative management for the data to be kept updated and available in real time. A process that allows for this management right from the project-planning phase is Building Information Modeling (BIM). Its association with cloud-based communication platforms allows users to access all the data in real time. Allied to the resources of the Internet of Things (IoT), BIM makes it possible to transfer data to specific software that assist this information to remain alive during the whole lifecycle of the construction. The cloud-based platforms integrated to the BIM and the IoT, make it possible to digitalise and transfer the information related to the construction in real time, to create the Digital Twin (DT). With this DT all this information can be managed on one only digital platform which permits intelligent constructions and operational excellence in the sector. In this article, concepts relating to the creation of a DT are analysed by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for buildings. A review of the literature was also carried out on the recent applications of the DT and, especially, in the construction industry. It became clear in the study that in recent years the DT is gradually being implemented in different sectors. Most of the research presents a review of the literature followed by small-scale experiments or case studies. It was found that the concept of DT has attracted the attention of the construction industry, and debate on the theme is developing rapidly in the academic sector, so as to establish the ways of effectively developing it in the construction industry.

Attitudinal barriers of teachers towards inclusive education in Ecuador

This research has two objectives. First, to recognize the position assumed by teachers in the presence of students with specific educational needs in regular classrooms; and second, to determine the state of teaching attitudes required to implement educational inclusion. This work is ascribed to the critical reflective paradigm and uses the quantitative approach of scientific research. The instruments used were the Knowledge Questionnaire on Inclusive Education by Escarbajal et al. (2020) in survey format, and the Battery of Teaching Attitudes towards Educational Inclusion by Lavela &amp; Sánchez (2014) in Likert-type questionnaire formats and contextualized observation sheets. The informants were 961 teachers from district 13D02 of the Ministry of Education of Ecuador, who participated in this process in 2022-2024. From the results, it is inferred that teachers prefer that students with specific educational needs attend special schools, but are not opposed to their presence in conventional schools, in coherence with public education policy. In addition, it was determined that teachers require technical advice, tutoring, and permanent motivation from specialists to implement inclusive practices with greater security. It is concluded that the persistence of attitudinal barriers in teachers limits the legitimate positioning and sustainability of specific educational needs in schools despite favorable advances in public policy for education in Ecuador.

Generalized antenna sequence spatial modulation (GASSM): a novel framework for enhanced PHY layer security and energy efficiency

In antenna sequence spatial modulation (ASSM), the spatial and symbol domains are both used to encode information. The sequencing of the antennas’ transmissions within given time slots and the symbol carried in those time slots represent information in the spatial and symbol domains, respectively. The receiver’s task is to decode this sequence of transmission and to detect the symbol carried in the time slots, equal to the number of antennas. For better energy efficiency and greater security, we propose a generalized ASSM, GASSM. In the GASSM, while the information is contained in both the sequence and the symbols transmitted, different symbols can be transmitted within the time slots forming the frame. This expands the code domain since the symbol and the spatial information represent a longer code in the mapper table. As a special case, we present the case of three transmit antennas, transmitting within three time slots. A combination of the antennas’ sequence and the symbol carried in the time slots is used as a code for a bit sequence. Results obtained from simulation and analysis of the bit error rate performance and secrecy capacity are contrasted and presented. Comparing the GASSM to the standard spatial modulation (SM) and the ASSM, we deduce that the GASSM has a higher secrecy capacity and higher energy efficiency per bit and unlike conventional SM allows utilization of odd number of antennas.

Hacia un Turismo para la diversidad

This article aims to synthesise a larger ethnographic work on the circumstances surrounding the experiences of people with specific accessibility requirements when they indulge in tourism, carried out during 2015 and 2016 on the Alicante coast – Santa Pola, Elche, Benidorm – and the south of Tenerife – Los Cristianos, Arona –. The effects produced by the physical and attitudinal barriers that they have to face are analysed. The objectives outlined in this paper are: to know the factors that act as invisible barriers preventing people with special needs from fully enjoying leisure and tourism; to know why businessmen in the sector show such little interest in attracting clients with special needs; explore whether the image and symbology of special needs has an impact on the tourist experience of people in this category and to clarify whether accessible tourism constitutes a niche or a new market segment. In this regard, we provide passages from the ethnography on which the study is based, through in‑depth interviews and participant observation. Likewise, the progressive application of new technologies to the travel chain accessibility is helping to set up, with greater security and dynamism, a tourism that has set a course towards diversity.

Conceptualising securitisation in the field of cyber security policy

ObjectivesThis article will attempt to analyse securitisation theory to explore the discursive features of cyber security, using a multi-actor approach that considers the role of state and non-state actors in the creation and management of cyber security discourses.Material and methodsThe paper aims to assess the contribution of securitization theory to the understanding of both traditional and contemporary security policy issues. More specifically, it is an attempt to reflect on the identification of the challenges facing the modern state.ResultsGrowing dependence on digital technology is inevitable, making the future more threatening than the present. Cyber technology is inherently vulnerable and thus impossible to fully secure. The call for "greater security" becomes justified because the more a country depends on cyber technology, the more inevitable cyber threats become. They are consistently treated by government circles as a security challenge, meaning that the problem is presented as an existential threat, requiring emergency measures and justifying action beyond the normal bounds of political procedure.ConclusionsAs some conclusion and conclusion, it is worth reiterating observations about the multi-stakeholder nature of cyber security and observations about the co-creation of this security by a wide range of actors representing different and in some cases conflicting interests. It can be argued that there is no single discourse on cyber security or cyber threats, and it is simplistic to assume that there is even a single discourse that represents every securitization actor, be it government or the private sector. This diversity explains why the assumption and logic of securitization theory can only apply to some, but not all, cyber security discourses.

Modifications in the perceptions about the use of mobile phones in old people after an interplay program using technological devices

AbstractBackgroundIn the elderly the management of technology has a great impact to nurture their autonomy (Camacho Coronel et al., 2019). In this work, we propose to study whether perceptions change after people´s exposure to the use of technology through a general technology program or a more specific mobile‐phone use program. Sample: 28 elderly people (between 65 and 90 years) without cognitive impairment.MethodAn experimental study was carried out with two groups (experimental GE and active control GC) matched in age (p = .620), educational level (p = .757) and experience in the use of technologies (p = .321). Both groups received training (3 months) through the use of tablets. Subsequently, the GE received an additional two‐week training on the use of cell phones. The Technology Acceptance Questionnaire (Chen &amp; Chan, 2014) oriented to cell phone use was administered before and after the intervention.ResultBy means of the Friedman test, comparisons were established between the pre and post intervention measures with all the participants on the variables of acceptance of the technology. Significant differences were observed in Self‐efficacy (p&lt;0.05), Utility (p&lt;0.05) and Anxiety (p&lt;0.05). Subsequently, the analysis was divided into groups and it was observed that the EG presented significant values in Anxiety (p = 0.03), Utility (p = 0.02) and Self‐efficacy (p = 0.08), while the CG presented significant values in Self‐efficacy (p = 0.08) and values that were not significant, although they were close in usefulness (p = 0.096) and anxiety (p = 0.059). The variables conditions of Facilitation and Attitude toward use did not present significant changes in any group.ConclusionThe results indicate that the measure of Self‐efficacy in the use of technology improves in older people after using a technological product for a while. However, the group that received training in the use of the cell phone also increased the Perceived Utility and Anxiety in the use of technology. In old age, knowing the usefulness of technology and self‐perceiving how effectively it can be used can generate benefits such as greater security and decreased anxiety in the face of technology.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE INFORMAL SECTOR BEFORE A CURRENCY EXCHANGE COMPANY

This research work is about the influence of the informal sector before foreign exchange companies. In Paraguay, specifically in Ciudad del Este, today there is a large number of people who are engaged in informal currency exchange on public roads, this problem is specifically focused on Avenida Adrián Jara in Ciudad del Este, in which there are several companies that are dedicated to currency exchange, which in a certain way are affected by the large number of people who provide the same service only informally. The main objective of this work was to describe the influence that the informal currency exchange generates before the formal companies that are dedicated to this item. The study had a qualitative approach, the explanatory level was used, interviews directed to the companies were used. Unfortunately, these companies have competition, which is even unfair, due to the ease with which the informal sector operates and, in most cases, they offer services without any type of control. At the end it was possible to verify that, being formally constituted, the companies enjoy full support from the entities to which they are subject, therefore, they offer benefits to their clients such as greater security and speed in their transactions, this in the long term establishes reliability and transparency links.

Patient identification system based on NFC and blockchain technology

Objective: To develop a system in the field of medicine that allows to identify patients by making use of security for NFC cards based on blockchain. Methodology: A study of the physical characteristics of NFC cards was carried out to design an external security system, supported by the decentralization of the blockchain, which allows the use of these cards in a field that handles highly sensitive information, such as medicine, in order to take advantage of the practicality of NFC technology when identifying patients in a hospital without exposing their medical history. Results: It was appreciated that the blockchain offers a lot of advantages in the field of security, but these advantages come with a decompensation in the times of writing new blocks and reading previous blocks. Conclusions: A system supported on a centralized and decentralized part provides greater security, however, a decentralized system such as the blockchain comes with a decompensation in terms of writing speed and, above all, reading speed.

Deep Learning and Smart Contract-Assisted Secure Data Sharing for IoT-Based Intelligent Agriculture

The recent development of Internet of Things (IoT) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles has revolutionized traditional agriculture with intelligence and automation. In a typical Intelligent Agriculture (IA) ecosystem, massive and real-time data are generated, analyzed, and sent to the Cloud Server (CS) for the purpose of addressing complex agricultural issues, such as yield prediction, water feed calculation, and so on. This helps farmer and associated stakeholders to take correct decision that improves the yield and quality of agricultural product. However, the distributed nature of IA entities and the usage of insecure wireless communication open various challenges related to data sharing, monitoring, storage, and further makes the entire IA ecosystem vulnerable to various potential attacks. In this article, we exploit deep learning and smart contract to propose a new IoT-enabled IA framework for enabling secure data sharing among its various entities. Specifically, first we develop new authentication and key management scheme to ensure secure data transmission in IoT-enabled IA. The encrypted transactions are then used by the CS to analyze and further detect intrusions by a novel deep learning architecture. In CS, the smart contract (SC)-based consensus mechanism is executed on legitimate transactions that verifies and adds the formed blocks into blockchain by a peer-to-peer CSs network. In comparison to existing competing security solutions, a rigorous comparative research demonstrates that the proposed approach provides greater security and more utility characteristics.

Synergy of Single Atoms and Lewis Acid Sites for Efficient and Selective Lignin Disassembly into Monolignol Derivatives.

Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer from the natural and renewable lignocellulosic biomass resource. Developing highly efficient catalysts for lignin depolymerization to produce valuable monophenols with high yield and selectivity remains a desirable but challenging target in this field. Here, we design a synergistic catalyst combining atomically dispersed Mo centers and Al Lewis acid sites on a MgO substrate (Mo1Al/MgO) for the depolymerization of Eucalyptus lignin via the β-aryl ether bond cleavage. A near-theoretical monophenol yield of 46% with an ultrahigh selectivity of 92% for coniferyl and sinapyl methyl ether, as well as good cycling durability, was achieved simultaneously by Mo1Al/MgO in an inert N2 atmosphere. First-principles calculations and control catalytic experiments confirmed the synergistic catalysis mechanism between Mo1-O5 single-atom centers and the neighboring Al Lewis acid sites with the participation of a methanol solvent. This study validates the feasibility of designing better-performing catalysts with synergistic multiactive sites for the efficient and selective disassembly of complex renewable biopolymers into highly value-added products with lower cost and greater security.

Smart cities: disaster resilience analysis in Juiz de Fora–MG

There are several catastrophic events that can happen in a city. Occurrences that present themselves with different origins and magnitudes. In the midst of this, the organization and preparation of municipalities in order to avoid or mitigate disasters become fundamental. In this context, some of the strategies involve consensus based on previous experiences added to studies and surveys supported by large organizations. From this, concepts were raised that relate before, during and after possible events. For a general assessment, it is essential to report information related to terms such as 'Resilience' and 'Humanitarian Logistics'. Within this perspective, the municipality of Juiz de Fora (MG) was studied as a practical case, considering the measures taken by the city in order to avoid catastrophes. Evaluating the possible solutions that can be used in the local context, it was demonstrated that, through the integration between different sectors of the public administration, it is possible to transform the reality of the residents of the region, bringing them greater security.

Secure Key Management and Mutual Authentication Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network by Linking Edge Devices using Hybrid Approach

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a crucial role in developing the Internet of Things (IoT) by collecting data from hostile environments like military and civil domains with limited resources. IoT devices need edge devices to perform real-time processing without compromising the security with the help of key management and authentication schemes. The above applications are prone to eavesdropper due to cryptographic algorithms' weaknesses for providing security in WSNs. The security protocols for WSNs are different from the traditional networks because of the limited resource of sensor nodes. Existing key management schemes require large key sizes to provide high-security levels, increasing the computational and communication cost for key establishment. This paper proposes a Hybrid Key Management Scheme for WSNs linking edge devices which use Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and a hash function to generate key pre-distribution keys. The Key establishment is carried out by merely broadcasting the node identity. The main reason for incorporating a hybrid approach in the key pre-distribution method is to achieve mutual authentication between the sensor nodes during the establishment phase. The proposed method reduces computational complexity with greater security and the proposed scheme can be competently applied into resource constraint sensor nodes.