Greater Responsibility Research Articles

A Probe into the Role of Educators in Moral and Ethical Education

This paper explores the role of educators in moral and ethical education. Historically, educators have always recognized the importance of moral education, emphasizing the great responsibility of educators in promoting students' moral development and moral decision-making. Through a comprehensive literature review, the study analyzes the dual roles of educators as ethical role models and rule-makers and enforcers. The focused research of Narinasamy et al., and Campbell, is carefully and critically analyzed in this paper to understand how educators' own behavior and classroom rules affect students' moral development. The analysis reveals the significant influence that educators have on shaping students' moral perspectives and the overall moral climate of the educational environment. In addition, the paper explores the impact of multicultural backgrounds and educators' personal values on their role in moral education, and recommendations for future research also highlight the need to address outstanding questions about cultural influences and educators' personal values. The findings highlight the important role of educators in moral education and suggest directions for further research to improve the effectiveness of ethical teaching practices.

S25-04 Into the SEND data-verse: with great virtual power comes great regulatory responsibility

S25-04 Into the SEND data-verse: with great virtual power comes great regulatory responsibility

Antiparasitic Effects of Niosomal Formulations of Curcumin and Silymarin Against Toxoplasma gondii In Vitro.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with Toxoplasma gondii. No Symptoms in healthy people. Notably, very dangerous symptoms in immunocompromised, or patients with immune diseases. Previous research has shown that the parasite's resistance to drugs continues to emerge and has indicated this resistance as a cause for concern. In this context, researchers have a great responsibility to search for alternative treatments, as well as to develop existing ones. Essentially, this improves the therapeutic efficacy of drugs and prevents the emergence of resistance to them. The present study aims to evaluate antitoxoplasma effects of niosomal loaded curcumin and silymarin and their synergistic effects with clindamycin against T. gondii RH strain in vitro. Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted on the tachyzoites of T. gondii RH-strain, based on: the free and nieosomal compounds of curcumin and silymarin, in addition to the drug clindamycin. Data were collected to estimate parasite viability during exposure to the therapeutic compounds under study using a special MTT assay ((3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolioum bromide) assay: is a colorimetric assay for measuring cellular growth) kit provided by (Bio Idea Company, Tehran, Iran). Hence, the effect of the therapeutic compounds on the parasite load was studied using the quantitative molecular technique real-time PCR. Results: The results indicate that the combination of N-silymarin and N-curcumin with clindamycin has active synergistic effects against T. gondii leading to complete elimination of the parasite. Data revealed that curcumin and silymarin in both their free and nisomal forms had inhibitory effects on the parasite, and minimal toxic effects on normal cells. Conclusions: The results highlight the successful synergistic effect of clindamycin and the niosomal compounds curcumin and silymarin in completely eradicating the T. gondii RH-strain. This finding contributes positively to the field of safe and effective treatments.

With advancement in health technology comes great responsibility - Ethical and safety considerations for using digital health technology: A narrative review.

The accelerated adoption of digital health technologies in the last decades has raised important ethical and safety concerns. Despite the potency and usefulness of digital health technologies, addressing safety, and ethical considerations needs to take greater prominence. This review paper focuses on ethical and safety facets, including health technology-related risks, users' safety and well-being risks, security and privacy concerns, and risks to transparency and diminished accountability associated with the utilization of digital health technologies. In order to maximize the potential of health technology benefits, awareness of safety risks, and ethical concerns should be increased, and the use of appropriate strategies and measures should be considered.

What motivates social workers to become field instructors: Perspectives from Canada

The field education component of social work education is critical to the overall development of social work students’ readiness for practice. Field instructors assume great responsibility for the emotional, theoretical, administrative, and clinical development of students who enter field education at either the undergraduate or graduate levels of their social work education. This role is generally subsumed on a voluntary basis concurrent with their occupational responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that motivate social workers to take on the field instructor role. Canadian Field Instructors completed an online survey which included a qualitative question to elicit their perspectives on their motivation for becoming a field instructor. Responses (N=58) were grouped into four themes: mentor social work students, give back to the profession, memories of field instruction, and personal and organizational accountability. Implications for field education and social work education are offered.

Overlap between priority conservation areas and natural assets appeals to a shared responsibility for global primate conservation

Expanding protected areas (PAs) coverage to match countries’ conservation responsibility is vital to stemming global biodiversity loss. Uneven biodiversity distribution and conservation responsibility among countries pose challenges to the implementation of conservation targets, and currently diminish conservation effectiveness. Using primates as a global model, we evaluated the conservation responsibility of countries to assess if their PA coverage adequately meets their conservation responsibility. We quantified spatial national responsibility for primate species conservation in each country from their range size of priority conservation areas (PCAs) and protected areas coverage on PCAs. We identified the high-responsibility countries for global primate conservation as countries that held > 1 % of global PCAs. We paid particular attention to the circumstances associated with PCAs in the least developed countries, especially the overlap between PCAs and the areas containing natural assets (natural assets areas). Seventeen countries were identified as high-responsibility countries that in total covered 84 % area of global PCAs. Current protected areas only covered less than 50 % of PCAs for fifteen of these high-responsibility countries. Among these fifteen countries, four countries (DR Congo, PA coverage: 19 %; Myanmar, 9 %; Madagascar, 29 %; Laos, 22 %) were the least developed countries. Most existing PCAs (95 %; SD 6 %) in these 17 countries are located within natural assets areas, which creates tension between primate conservation and local development. Global primate conservation is a shared responsibility among the international community. Developing countries have greater responsibility than most because of the overlapping of their PCAs with natural assets areas. For developing countries to fulfill their conservation responsibilities requires international conservation resources (funding support and cooperation). Protected areas expansion has to be matched with a realizable target for each country to avoid crippling conflicts between conservation and local development. Community-based management models, including other effective area-based conservation measures, may reduce potential conflict and improve conservation effectiveness.

Self-assembly polysaccharide network regulated hydrogel sensors with toughness, anti-freezing, conductivity and wide working conditions

Ionic conducting hydrogel acted as a promising candidate in flexible electronic device, however, the intrinsic properties of weak mechanical strength, conductivity and environmental instability still are the challenging task. Herein, an assembled polysaccharide network (acetylated distarch phosphate) regulated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA/ADSP) hydrogel is fabricated via one-step freeze–thaw method, the stress, elongation at break, elastic modulus, and toughness could reach 2.26 MPa, 818.60 %, 0.95 MPa, and 12.23 kJ/m3, respectively. At the same time, the binary solution interlocked structure and salt are introduced into the PVA/ADSP hydrogel realizing the great environmental stability (water-retention and anti-freezing) and conductivity (3.59 S/m). PVA/ADSP hydrogel act as strain sensor presenting the great responsibility (128 ms), strain sensitivity (GF=1.82 at 350–500 % of strain) and durability. On account of the excellent sensing characteristics, the PVA/ADSP hydrogel could reliably, accurately and consistently detect most of human exercises and subtle physiological activities (electrocardiography) in real-time. Moreover, PVA/ADSP hydrogel is also utilized to control robotic hand realizing the human–machine interaction. This work provides a novelty regulated approach for conducting hydrogel via self-assembled polysaccharide network, which contributes to the innovative advancement of flexible wearable electronics.

When great responsibility comes with limited options: experiences and needs of older community-dwelling adults regarding accessing, understanding, appraising and using health-related information

BackgroundIn previous research, older adults have been associated with reduced levels of health literacy (HL) influenced by a range of contextual factors. To optimise HL, it is essential to better understand the interactions between the ageing process and both personal and environmental factors as perceived by older adults. This study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of older community-dwelling adults when accessing, understanding, appraising and using health-related information.MethodsAn explorative, qualitative design was used within the social constructivism framework. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 20 adults aged 70–96 living at home in three areas in Northern Iceland. The transcribed interviews were constructed into categories and subcategories using qualitative content analysis.Findings.Four categories emerged. “Expectations for responsibility” describes the experience that individuals are responsible for taking care of their health, including accessing, understanding, appraising and using information and services, showing initiative and keeping needed communications active. “A gap between expectancy and ability/context” includes experiences while taking responsibility for expectations not aligning with skills/situations, creating information gaps. “Finding one’s own ways” comprises various adapted ways to access, understand, and use information and services. “Bridging the gap” describes experiences of needing shared responsibility and more manageable options to enable reasoned health-related decisions and navigation in the healthcare system.ConclusionsThe participants valued and took full responsibility for accessing, understanding, appraising and using information and services as part of a social norm; however, they experience information gaps. They request shared responsibility by being provided with fundamental health-related information as a vital step in making reasoned health-related decisions and navigating the healthcare system. They also request more inclusive and accessible service opportunities to bridge the gaps and facilitate HL. It is necessary to critically address, at a systematic level, the conflict between expected individual responsibility and the existence of options to act upon this responsibility. In matters of health, health services and HL, the need to analyse and confront structural disadvantages experienced by older adults is highlighted.

"With Great Responsibility Comes Great Uncertainty".

Uncertainty is inherent in medicine, and trainees are particularly exposed to the adverse effects of uncertainty. Previous work suggested that junior residents seek to leverage the support of supervisors to regulate the uncertainty encountered in clinical placements. However, a broader conceptual framework addressing uncertainty experience, from the sources of uncertainty to residents' responses, is still needed. To capture the spectrum of uncertainty experiences in medical residents, providing an integrative framework that considers the influence of specialties and training stages on their experience with clinical uncertainty. We used Hillen's uncertainty tolerance framework to conduct a thematic template analysis of individual and focus group interviews, identifying themes and subthemes reflecting residents' experience of clinical uncertainty. Medical residents from diverse medical specialty training programs, across five French medical schools. Qualitative study driven by an interpretivist research paradigm. Twenty residents from all years of medical residency and diverse medical specialties were interviewed during three focus groups and five individual interviews. They described managing treatments, making ethical decisions, and communicating uncertainty, as their major sources of uncertainty. We identified residents' delayed response to uncertainty as a key theme, fostering the development of experiential learnings. Prior clinical experience was a key determinant of uncertainty tolerance in medical residents. Entrusting residents with responsibilities in patient management promoted their perception of self-efficacy, although situations of loneliness resulted in stress and anxiety. Residents face significant uncertainty in managing treatments, ethical decisions, and communication due to limited clinical experience and growing responsibilities. Scaffolding their responsibilities and clearly defining their roles can improve their comfort with uncertainty. To that extent, effective supervision and debriefing are crucial for managing emotional impacts and fostering reflection to learn from their uncertain experiences.

Balancing Faith and Duty: Challenges in teaching inclusive sexuality education

Background: Life Orientation educators hold great responsibility for the well-being of their students, which can be supported through imparting sexuality education. However, the absence of formal training for this subject may have negative consequences in fulfilling professional duties.Objectives: This article intends to foreground how Life Orientation educators impart sexuality education to their students, exploring aspects of their personal attitudes and comfort in imparting education related to sexuality and queerness.Methods: This qualitative study consisted of five Life Orientation educators in the Gauteng Province to understand their approaches to impart sexuality education to their students and the influence of their personal upbringings. The research was thematically analysed through a systems theory framework.Results: The results emphasise how personal religious beliefs impact sexuality education’s delivery and educators’ discretion in implementing the curriculum. The ambiguity of the curriculum and diverse teaching backgrounds also contribute to avoidance of topics like sexuality education and queer identities. Moreover, the non-examinable nature of these topics, combined with subjective interpretations of age-appropriateness, further marginalise them.Conclusion: This article calls for awareness of the consequences of religious convictions and subjective perceptions of age-appropriateness of educators on the delivery of sexuality and queer education.Contribution: This study contributes by highlighting challenges faced by Life Orientation educators in creating inclusive environments when personal religious beliefs conflict with comprehensive sexuality education. It enhances understanding of areas for improvement in training and subject knowledge to ensure educators affirm diverse identities and impart sexuality education effectively.

Pressure, Vibration, and Percussion in Athletic Recovery: With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility

Pressure, Vibration, and Percussion in Athletic Recovery: With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility

To play or not to play, that is the question: an interview study with amateur football coaches on perceptions of pain during sports participation

Amateur football coaches play a key role in preventing, assessing and treating pain among their players, as they are often the first point of contact and may be the main...

Analysis of The Influence of Leadership Attitude of Health Center Personnel with Protection of Health Education on Communities in The Klender III Area

Healthcare worker is a job that requires anyone in this profession to have a great responsibility, especially towards their patients in the healthcare institution. This research was guided by our concern regarding the increasing low level of public satisfaction with health services in Indonesia several years ago. This issue is connected with the leadership possessed by healthcare workers along with the responses of the head of healthcare institution, so the primary aim of our research is to correlate the influence and impact of leadership with the level of public satisfaction with the service and protection of health workers. In this research, healthcare workers that acted as our object of research are healthcare workers of Puskesmas Pembantu of Klender III District

Melayani dengan Hati: Esensi Kepemimpinan Kristen yang Sejati

Leadership is a great responsibility in which you must have integrity, empathy and wisdom. In the scope of Christianity, the definition of leadership does not only include supervising or directing but also about how to serve with sincerity and wholeheartedness. The essence of true Christian leadership is also to show how to serve with a high degree of totality and love in accordance with the character of Jesus Christ. A true leader is also seen from how he shows humility when serving and in his personal life as a social society

Review of the Book by V.M.Zubok “Collapse. The Fall of the Soviet Union”.

The article considers the monograph by professor of the London School of Economics and Political Sciences V.M. Zubok “Collapse. The Fall of the Soviet Union” published in Russia in 2023. Considering that in recent years the number of works devoted to this issue has noticeably decreased, the appearance of such a thorough study is an important scientific event. The purpose of this article is to determine the author’s contribution to uncovering the problem of the USSR collapse. This monograph is considered in the general context of modern scientific issues devoted to the collapse of the USSR. The expert assessment is based on the following criteria: scientific objectivity, the nature of the sources and literature used, the structure of presentation and the general intent of the work. Based on the analysis of the V.M. Zubok’s monograph, it can be concluded that this work represents a fundamental historical and political science study. The author uses a huge number of diverse (and in many ways unique) sources, while focusing on personal materials (memoirs, interviews). This approach helps to understand the subjective (hidden) mechanisms of making certain fateful decisions. The undoubted advantages of the study include a comprehensive consideration of the economic, political, and national processes that took place in the late USSR, considering the foreign policy factor that influenced the fate of the Soviet Union. The main reason for the fall of the Soviet Union according to V.M. Zubok are reforms that were extremely unsuccessful and not suitable for the Soviet state, given the uniqueness and specificity of the country. In addition to the mistakes of the top leadership, the author places great responsibility for the fall of the USSR on the “Western partners” of Gorbachev (primarily the USA). The George W. Bush administration could, if it wanted, save the USSR by providing large-scale financial and economic assistance. However, as the author proves, the United States did not intend to do this, patiently watching the collapse of its strategic enemy. Therefore, Zubok’s study helps to better understand the meaning of modern Russian policy aimed at not repeating the mistakes of perestroika.

School Principal’s Leadership and Teachers of English Professionalism

Considering the great responsibility and the role of teachers as educators, teachers must have professional competence and determination to reach the projected educational goal. This competence should be developed continuously by the teachers themselves and/or facilitated by the principal as the leader in the school. Therefore, good leadership is required to guide and direct the teachers as should. The principal’s leadership quality can be seen in the success of the school he/she leads. This study examines the school principal’s leadership and English teachers’ professionalism at a private A-accredited high school in Palembang. A qualitative method in case study design was utilized in this study. A school principal, a vice-principal, and three teachers of English were involved as the participants of the study. The data were collected through interviews and observations and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed that the school principal’s leadership plays a significant role in enhancing teachers’ English professionalism. The principal’s leadership styles are transformational and participative, which are characterized by vision articulation, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. The study also found that teachers of English at this school are highly professional. They have a strong commitment to their teaching profession and are constantly striving to improve their teaching skills and knowledge.

Contrasting effects of NADPH oxidases on the fungal hyphae growth and immune responses in Pleurotus ostreatus.

Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most consumed mushroom species, as it serves as a high-quality food, favors a rich secondary metabolism, and has remarkable adaptability to the environment and predators. In this study, we investigated the function of two key reactive oxygen species producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (PoNoxA and PoNoxB) in P. ostreatus hyphae growth, metabolite production, signaling pathway activation, and immune responses to different stresses. Characterization of the Nox mutants showed that PoNoxB played an important role in the hyphal formation of the multicellular structure, while PoNoxA regulated apical dominance. The ability of P. ostreatus to tolerate a series of abiotic stress conditions (e.g., osmotic, oxidative, membrane, and cell-wall stresses) and mechanical damage repair was enhanced with PoNoxA over-expression. PoNoxB had a greater responsibility in regulating the polysaccharide composition of the cell wall and methyl jasmonate and gibberellin GA1 biosynthesis, and improved mushroom resistance against Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Moreover, mutants were involved in the jasmonate and GA signaling pathway, and toxic protein defense metabolite production. Our findings shed light on how the oyster mushroom senses stress signals and responds to adverse environments by the complex regulators of Noxs.

Effective Music Practice. Equipping Students with the Tools to Succeed

By showing their musical achievements in concerts, auditions, competitions and the like, music students are not only executing notes, but they are exhibiting their aspirations and exposing their affective dimension. Many times, their personal dreams, as well as their own professional future are put at a stake with the resulting social and affective consequences. This represents a great responsibility for teachers since, as educators, they must provide their students with the necessary tools to succeed in their endeavor. In this essay, the author provides an overview on different music practice strategies whose effectiveness have been tested in rigorous research studies or proved by experienced teachers. The author expects they may be helpful to teachers and students to overcome the musical challenges the learning of music and its public performance entails.

Examining direct and indirect flood damages in residential and business sectors through an empirical lens.

Investment to reduce flood risk for social and economic wellbeing requires quantitative evidence to guide decisions. Direct and indirect flood damages at individual household and business building levels were assessed in this study using multivariate analysis with three groups of flood damage attributes, i.e., flood characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, and building types. A total of 172 and 45 respondents from residential and commercial buildings were gathered through door-to-door interviews at areas in Peninsular Malaysia that were pre-identified to have frequently flooded. Two main findings can be drawn from this study. First, flood damage is greatly contributed by high-income households and businesses, despite them being less exposed to floods than low-income earners. This supports the current use of mean economic damage in engineering-based flood intervention analysis. Second, indirect damages increase with the increase in family size, indicating the importance of strengthening preparedness and social support to those with great social responsibility. Overall, the study highlights the importance of holistic flood management accounting for both direct and indirect losses.

Islamic Law View on Protecting the Rights of Housewives at Risk of Contracting HIV/AIDS

This article examines the perspective of Islamic law regarding the protection of the rights of housewives at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS from their husbands. Although HIV/AIDS is not a new issue, its impact on families, especially housewives, remains an essential concern in legal and public health contexts. Within the framework of Islamic law, individual rights, including women's rights, are guaranteed and need protection. This research uses normative legal and sociological research methods with a case approach. The results show that Islamic law has a vital role in protecting the rights of housewives who are at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS from their husbands. These rights include the right to know the husband's health status, the right to obtain protection, the right to refuse sexual relations, and the right to get a divorce. Islamic law places great responsibility on husbands to protect the health of their wives and families. Husbands are expected to maintain the welfare of their wives and families, including by taking preventive steps against the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Apart from that, Islamic law also emphasises the importance of fidelity in the husband-wife relationship. Husbands are expected to be faithful to their wives, which is also a preventive measure against the transmission of HIV/AIDS. If a husband fails to fulfil his responsibility to protect his wife from contracting HIV/AIDS, Islamic law gives the wife the right to seek protection, including through legal remedies such as requesting a fatwa from ulama or even filing a divorce petition. This research is expected to help increase public understanding of the rights of housewives at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS, as well as encourage efforts to protect their rights.