Greater Cohesion Research Articles

Bio-Mediated Improvement of Soil Geotechnical Parameters by the Native Acinetobacter

The application of microorganisms to improve the mechanical properties of soil is a new developing research area. A new native bacteria extracted from soil was introduced for the biological improvement of soil geotechnical parameters. The isolate was identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus S1. Sporosarcina pasteurii was used as a positive control. Direct shear tests were performed on the nontreated soil and soils treated with bacteria to determine the shear strength, adhesion and angle of internal friction. The treatment period was 40 days. The shear wave velocity was measured.The results showed that the untreated sample had relatively constant shear strength, but the shear strength of the treated soils increased significantly. The soil treated with A. calcoaceticus had greater shear strength. The angle of internal friction increased for the treated soils with A. calcoaceticus (39.3%) and S. pasteurii (28.6%). The greatest cohesion was found for soil treated with A. calcoaceticus, reaching 0.66 and 0.56 kg/cm2 for S. pasteurii. The shear wave velocity in the treated soils increased significantly. The results confirmed the ability of native A. calcoaceticus to improve soil geotechnical parameters. Calcium carbonate precipitation fills the voids between soil particles and forms a gel, which makes effective connections between soil particles and makes them coalesce and grow larger.

Research on the Mechanism of Coal-Wall Spalling and Flexible Reinforcement in Soft-Coal Seams Based on the Mogi–Coulomb Criterion

The problem of soft coal-seam wall spalling is more prominent in the deep mining process, which seriously restricts the safety and sustainability of mining. The horizontal ground stress is usually ignored in the analysis of the coal-wall spalling mechanism. In this paper, based on the Mogi–Coulomb criterion and limit-equilibrium analysis, it is found that the traces of coal siding can be approximated as linear. The safety-stability coefficient of a soft-coal wall under the limit-equilibrium condition is obtained by applying the Mogi–Coulomb criterion. The coal stability of different positions is quite different. The coal with greater cohesion is more stable. In this regard, the cohesion of the coal can be improved through flexible reinforcement so as to improve the stability of the coal body. The control mechanism of the grouting and flexible rope reinforcing technology for the coal-wall spalling in the soft-coal seam is revealed. The safety-stability coefficient of the reinforced coal wall and the limit-stability coefficient are deduced. The reinforcement effect is related to the aperture ratio, the ultimate tensile force of the flexible rope, and the layout spacing. Reasonable aperture ratio, layout spacing, and flexible rope selection are key to reinforcement. This study has important guiding significance for the sustainability and safety of mining by revealing the mechanism of coal-wall spalling and reinforcement.

Clustering Electrophysiological Predisposition to Binge Drinking: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Analysis.

The demand for fresh strategies to analyze intricate multidimensional data in neuroscience is increasingly evident. One of the most complex events during our neurodevelopment is adolescence, where our nervous system suffers constant changes, not only in neuroanatomical traits but also in neurophysiological components. One of the most impactful factors we deal with during this time is our environment, especially when encountering external factors such as social behaviors or substance consumption. Binge drinking (BD) has emerged as an extended pattern of alcohol consumption in teenagers, not only affecting their future lifestyle but also changing their neurodevelopment. Recent studies have changed their scope into finding predisposition factors that may lead adolescents into this kind of patterns of consumption. In this article, using unsupervised machine learning (UML) algorithms, we analyze the relationship between electrophysiological activity of healthy teenagers and the levels of consumption they had 2 years later. We used hierarchical agglomerative UML techniques based on Ward's minimum variance criterion to clusterize relations between power spectrum and functional connectivity and alcohol consumption, based on similarity in their correlations, in frequency bands from theta to gamma. We found that all frequency bands studied had a pattern of clusterization based on anatomical regions of interest related to neurodevelopment and cognitive and behavioral aspects of addiction, highlighting the dorsolateral and medial prefrontal, the sensorimotor, the medial posterior, and the occipital cortices. All these patterns, of great cohesion and coherence, showed an abnormal electrophysiological activity, representing a dysregulation in the development of core resting-state networks. The clusters found maintained not only plausibility in nature but also robustness, making this a great example of the usage of UML in the analysis of electrophysiological activity-a new perspective into analysis that, while contributing to classical statistics, can clarify new characteristics of the variables of interest.

Low-Foaming Nonionic Gemini Surfactants Containing Hydrophilic Poly(oxyethylene) Chain and Hydrophobic Di-tert-pentylbenzenes Groups.

Low-foaming nonionic gemini surfactants have a wide range of applications in industrial cleaning and photoresist development. In this study, three low-foaming nonionic gemini surfactants (S1, S2, and S3) with different poly(oxyethylene) chain lengths have been synthesized by using methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) and 2,5-di-tert-pentylhydroquinone. The chemical structures of the novel surfactants are confirmed by 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and their properties such as surface tension, wetting properties, emulsifying properties, and foaming properties are investigated. The surface tension values of S1, S2, and S3 at the critical micelle concentration are 40.29, 37.14, and 41.64 mN/m, exhibiting good surface activity. When the surfactant concentration is higher than 2 mM, the contact angles of S1 and S2 no longer change and can maintain 62 and 64°, showing good wetting properties. In addition, S3 can keep an emulsion state for 2 months at high concentrations, exhibiting good emulsion stability. Furthermore, all the prepared surfactants show good low-foaming properties. The initial foaming volumes of S1 are very low, less than 0.1 mL at various concentrations, less than 2% of the conventional surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. For S2, the initial foaming volumes at the concentration of 0.1, 1, 2, and 3 g/L are 1, 0.5, 0.55, and 0.45 mL, respectively. For S3, the initial foaming volumes show a general trend of increasing with concentration. The surfactants with longer poly(oxyethylene) chains possess more initial foaming volumes at the same concentration, which is because the greater cohesion between the surfactant molecules can increase the elasticity of the bubble film. Our study enriches the design rationales for low-foaming surfactants and motivates researchers to develop more advanced surfactants for industrial cleaning and photoresist development.

Specific ion effects on the soil shear strength and clay surface properties of collapsing wall in Benggang.

Benggangs are a special type of soil erosion in the hilly granite regions of the tropical and subtropical areas of Southern China. They cause severe soil and water loss, which can severely deteriorate soil quality and threat to the local ecological environment. Soils (red soil, sandy soil and detritus soil) were collected from collapsing wall of a typical Benggang in Changting County of Fujian Province, and their physicochemical and mineralogical properties were analyzed. Five different monovalent cations were used to saturate the soil samples to examine the specific ion effects on the shear strength and clay surface properties. Red soil had a higher clay content, plastic limit, liquid limit and shear strength than sandy soil and detritus soil. The studied soils mainly consisted of kaolinite, hydroxy-interlayer vermiculite, illite and gibbsite clay minerals. The soils saturated with K+, NH4 +and Cs+ had greater cohesion than the Li+- and Na+-saturated soils, e.g., the cohesion of the red soil saturated with Li+, K+, NH4 + and Cs+ cations were 1.05, 1.23, 1.45 and 1.20 times larger than that of the Na+-saturated soil, respectively. While the internal friction angle was slightly different, which indicated that different monovalent cations affected the shear strength differently. K+-, NH4 +- and Cs+-saturated clay particles had higher zeta potentials and thinner shear plane thicknesses than Li+- and Na+-saturated clay particles and showed strong specific ion effects on the clay surface properties. The changes in clay surface properties strongly affected the soil mechanical properties. Soils saturated with K+, NH4 + and Cs+ could increase the shear strength, and then increase the stability of the collapsing wall, thus might decrease the erosion intensity of Benggang. The results provide a scientific basis for the interpretation of and practical treatment of Benggang.

Europe’s Leadership Void

Europe’s successful embrace of its geopolitical potential in a multipolar world will require both greater cohesion and an enhanced ability to act globally. Europe’s three major powers – France, Germany and the United Kingdom – have managed to either stave off or recover from right-wing populism, and have dealt competently with the Russia–Ukraine war. But they are currently too riven by internal politics or historical prejudices to take the lead in Europe. Relief from domestic political dysfunction may therefore rest with the European Union itself. Under Ursula von der Leyen’s authoritative leadership, the European Commission has become the most decisive and capable political actor in Europe. This was demonstrated by its imaginative response to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and through its comprehensive Russian sanctions regime in 2022. However, only another crisis – such as a second Donald Trump presidential term – is likely to generate the momentum for the commission to re-emerge as the engine for further European integration.

Research on the Teaching Reform of "Videoization of Traditional Culture Courses" under Big Data

Traditional Chinese culture has given the Chinese nation great vitality and cohesion, and is also an important source of cultural self-confidence for generations of Chinese people. While the ideological education of contemporary college students, the promotion and inheritance of traditional culture is also essential. Taking the dynamic class as the communication carrier, introducing traditional culture and its cultural connotation in the form of micro-documentary, film and television advertisement, small video, etc., making full use of the new media platform, the material carrier of traditional culture is converged and disseminated through the microblogging, WeChat, Today's Headlines, APP, Tiktok and other big data, under the support of big data integration technology, researching the new breakthrough of traditional culture in the video dissemination teaching mode. With the support of big data integration technology, the study of new breakthroughs in traditional culture in the teaching mode of video dissemination can enrich the teaching curriculum and cultivate new talents in line with the requirements of social development, which not only can be applied and promoted in teaching, but also reflects the new exploration of new media on the dissemination of traditional culture.

Combination Therapy for Sustainable Fish Oil Products: Improving Cognitive Function with n-3 PUFA and Natural Ingredients.

Long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are recommended as beneficial dietary supplements for enhancing cognitive function. Although fish oil (FO) is renowned for its abundant n-3 PUFA content, combining FO with other natural products is considered as a viable option to support the sustainable development of FO products. This review aims to provide comprehensive insights into the advanced effects of combining FO or its components of DHA and EPA with natural products on protecting cognitive function. In two double-blind random control trials, no advanced effects were observed for adding curcumin to FO on cerebral function protection. However, 16 week's treatment of FO combined with vitamin E did not yield any advanced effects in cognitive factor scores. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that combinations of FO with natural products can exhibit advanced effects in addressing pathological components in cognitive impairment, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal survival. In conclusion, evidence from clinical trials for beneficial use of FO and natural ingredients combination is lacking. Greater cohesion is needed between preclinical and clinical data to substantiate the efficacy of FO and natural product combinations in preventing or slowing the progression of cognitive decline.

The influence of the population of psychrotrophs in raw milk on the characteristics of natural yogurt

The influence of psychrotrophs in raw milk on the characteristics of natural yogurt was evaluated in this study. Product A was made from raw milk containing 7 ± 1 log CFU mL−1 of psychrotrophs, and product B with 3 ± 1 log CFU mL−1. The rate of proteolysis over 35 days was higher in product A, which showed greater syneresis and viscosity from the 14th and 28th days, respectively. At 35 days, product A had greater hardness and gumminess and less cohesiveness than B. Tasters detected differences between the yogurts, and the comments “more acidity” and “more consistency” about product B were associated with lower pH values and greater cohesiveness, respectively. Lactic acid bacteria populations and titratable acidity of the yogurts were not affected. Product A had higher levels of some Free Fatty Acids (FFA). In this way, the characteristics of Product A influence its consumption and purchase, causing economic losses for the industry.

Leadership in a Crisis: A Social Network Perspective on Leader Brokerage Strategy, Intra-Organizational Communication Patterns, and Business Recovery

Catastrophic events can significantly disrupt businesses and, as a result, understanding how organizations adapt to a crisis is critical. Undeniably, leaders often play a crucial role in times of great uncertainty. Yet, it is unclear exactly how leaders can effectively guide organizations through a crisis. Extending theories of network brokerage and organizational adaptation research, we posit that compared to leaders creating structural holes in intra-organizational communication networks, those leaders bridging structural holes can build more effective communication networks with greater cohesion and higher efficiency. In turn, greater cohesion and higher efficiency subsequently drive organizational adaptation and business recovery in a multi-unit enterprise during the early outbreak of COVID-19. Our hypotheses are supported using multi-wave network surveys in 111 chain restaurants with over 3,000 employees. We demonstrate that, during a crisis, leaders can serve as a key architect to shape communication patterns to facilitate organizational adaptation to crises and drive business recovery with faster customer growth and continually decreasing personnel costs.

Evaluating the Impact of Annual Resident Retreats on Radiology Resident Wellbeing

To investigate the effect of resident-run wellness retreats on measures of stress, resilience, and cohesion amongst radiology residents. All diagnostic and interventional radiology residents in a single academic medical center were invited to participate in a wellness-focused off-campus retreat. Three retreats were held on an annual basis from 2018 to 2022 and included physical exercises, nutritional wellness, and team-building activities. Participants were surveyed pre- and post- retreat attendance focusing on the following domains: Perceived Stress Scale, higher scores indicating higher levels of perceived stress; Brief Resilience Scale, higher scores indicating greater resilience; Cohesion Scale, higher scores indicating greater cohesion. Paired t-tests and linear regression models were used to compare mean Perceived Stress, Brief Resilience, and Cohesion Scales pre- and post-retreat across covariates. Of 78 total retreat attendances, 75 residents (96%) completed pre- and/or post-surveys. Study population was 51% female and 49% male, with mean age 29±2.8 years. Comparing post- with pre-surveys, retreat attendance was associated with a significant reduction in mean Perceived Stress (12.7 vs 16.3; 95% CI 2.1-5.3) and significant increase in Brief Resilience (3.9 vs 3.7; 95% CI 0.05-0.34) and Cohesion (33 vs 27; 95% CI 4.3-6.7). First year residents experienced the greatest increase in Cohesion compared to fourth year residents (p<0.001). Pre-retreat cohesion was significantly lower in 2022 than in 2018-2019 (26.6 vs 28.7 vs 28.6; p=0.04), with stress and resilience not significantly different by year. An annual resident retreat decreased stress, while increasing resilience and cohesion within a radiology residency, supporting retreats as a potentially viable intervention to promote physician well-being.

What is (and is not) stakeholder dialogue in CSR? A review and research agenda

AbstractStakeholders increasingly expect to be engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) agendas through dialogue; the joint creation of meaning between firms and stakeholders, or among stakeholders. Dominant conceptions of stakeholder dialogue in CSR prioritize firm interests, and uncertainty as to what constitutes stakeholder dialogue, and how it should be practiced, permeates theory and practice. What is (and is not) stakeholder dialogue and how does it generate positive impacts for business and society? To unpack this question, we systematically reviewed 374 scholarly outputs across the CSR and stakeholder dialogue literatures over a 30‐year timeframe. Operating at the intersection of these two literatures, we identify ‘conceptualizations’ of stakeholder dialogue in CSR as either integral (an intrinsic component of CSR) or incidental (a communicative response to CSR), as well as the ‘contours’ (i.e., boundaries) and ‘contexts’ of stakeholder dialogue in CSR. In doing so, we posit that the key to generating effective stakeholder dialogue for business and society lies not only in greater cohesion between CSR and stakeholder dialogue literatures, but in practicing dialogue that is ongoing, stakeholder (rather than firm) focused and avoids idealization. Herein, we stimulate a research agenda for scholars interested in communication and CSR at a time when the social and environmental demands placed on firms continue to escalate.

AVALIAÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE A SAÚDE MENTAL DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES À LUZ DE CALLISTA ROY

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the mental health of children and adolescents according to Calista Roy’s theory. Method: Quantitative research was carried out with caregivers or guardians of children and adolescents in Lagarto/SE - BR from November 2022 to March 2023. Data was collected using sociodemographic and clinical characterization of the child/adolescent and Goodman’s Capabilities and Difficulties Questionnaire, analyzed by relative and absolute frequency and association. Results: Of the 102 children and adolescents, 59% had a clinical profile suggesting mental health problems, with the hyperactivity and inattention domain standing out. The adaptive modes were found to be integrated, the physiological with greater cohesion and the self-concept with more remarkable alteration. Conclusion: The results suggest the presence of mental health problems, with the maintenance of adaptive processes, in which Roy’s modes respond in a coordinated way to external stimuli. Nursing can act to strengthen protective factors, promoting mental well-being in children and adolescents.

Association between sociodemographic characteristics, stress level and resilience with family functioning of immigrants.

To analyze the association between sociodemographic characteristics, level of perceived stress and resilience with family functioning of immigrants in Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 122 immigrants living in a municipality in southern Brazil. Data collected in 2021, using questions for characterization, Family Cohesion and Adaptability, Resilience and Perceived Stress Assessment Scale. Data were analyzed in SPSS®, using descriptive and analytical measures (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc tests with Bonferroni correction). The immigrants were between 18 and 69 years old (average 35.6 years ± 12.0), the majority were female, Venezuelan, with up to eight years of education, family income of one minimum wage, lived in a rented house and had been in Brazil for more than two years. Half had a partner and 18.9% immigrated alone. Family cohesion was associated with marital status, age, education, number of residents and who they came to Brazil with; adaptability with length of stay, who came to Brazil with, number of residents and religion. Greater perceived stress occurred in disconnected families (with less cohesion) and more resilience in connected, agglutinated (with greater cohesion) and rigid (more adapted) families. Sociodemographic characteristics, level of perceived stress and resilience influenced the family functioning of immigrants.

Time Balance and Family Functioning: The Role of Time Perspective in the Cohesion and Adaptability of Families with Adolescents.

Family functioning, understood as cohesion and adaptability, is critical in families with adolescent children, given the changes that this stage implies at the family level. Time perspective is one variable that can facilitate better family functioning through the way people give meaning to the process they live. In this study, we examined the relationship between family functioning and the time perspective of adolescent children's parents. The FACES IV and ZTPI were administered to 276 parents of adolescents. Regression analyses indicated that the past positive, past negative, and future scores predicted family cohesion and adaptability, explaining at least 20% of the variance. Balanced families, with greater cohesion and adaptability, presented a higher level of past positive and future-oriented temporal perspectives, compared to unbalanced families, which presented a greater orientation to the past negative and deviated from the balanced temporal profile. The importance of considering the inter-relationship between family functioning and time perspective was discussed, considering its impact on the health and well-being of families with adolescents.

Antiviral and technological properties of β-glucan-rich aqueous fractions from Pleurotus ostreatus waste biomass

In the present work, aqueous fractions were extracted from the discarded Pleurotus ostreatus biomass (AF) and from a waste product (RAF) generated from it in the industry (stipes) with the aim of valorizing these wastes into new food ingredients. Compositional, structural and functional analysis, before and after a purification step (p) to enrich its content in β-glucans, was carried out. Moreover, the rheological properties and the nanostructure of hydrogels obtained from the β-glucan extracts were analyzed. The unpurified fractions stood out for their significantly higher antioxidant capacity (AF, 138.55 ± 1.20 and RAF, 118.31 ± 1.20). As a result of the ethanolic purification process, purified samples had lower protein, ash, polyphenols and α-glucans content than the unpurified ones. Furthermore, extracts from stipes had a greater structural complexity, with more branched β-glucans than their counterparts obtained from the whole biomass, which had a positive impact on the antiviral activity against murine norovirus. Interestingly, purified samples formed stronger hydrogels but the gelation mechanism depended on its composition and structure. AFp was able to form a gelling network with a more tightly packed structure, ascribed to the presence of less branched β-glucans, showing the highest hardness value (2.87 ± 0.27 N). Unpurified RAF fraction showed hydrogels with greater cohesiveness and chewiness values (4.74 ± 0.55 N and 9.08 ± 0.87 N, respectively). In contrast, the presence of small side chains in RAFp could also act as reinforcement agents in hydrogels formed by means of intermolecular associations, with the additional advantages of having greater antiviral activity and coming from agroindustrial residues (stipes).

Model test on bearing capacity of cemented slurry reinforced pile composite foundation

This study introduces the Geosynthetic Encased Prestressed (GEP) cemented slurry pile technology to address the challenges posed by waste slurry and dredged soil during infrastructure, urbanization, and underground space development. Laboratory model tests were conducted to assess the influence of prestress and geogrid on the bearing capacity of cemented slurry reinforced piles composited foundation. Results indicate that compared to non-geogrid pile composite foundations, both prestressed and non-geogrid pile composite foundations exhibited enhanced load-bearing capabilities in later stages, with an approximate increase of 25.89%. Additionally, the presence of geogrid effectively reduced settlement in the composite foundation under varying loads. The application of geogrid casings to seal cemented slurry reinforced piles facilitated load transfer downwards, restrained lateral expansion deformation, mitigated pile cracking, and bolstered bearing capacity. Consequently, a bearing capacity calculation equation for the composite foundation of cemented slurry reinforced piles was developed in this study. Parameter analysis demonstrated that higher geogrid tensile strength, smaller aspect ratio, greater cohesion, and internal friction angle of pile filler contributed to increased bearing capacity of cemented slurry reinforced piles. In summary, this study evaluates the viability of GEP cemented slurry piles and the impact of relevant parameters on pile bearing capacity of composite foundation. The findings offer valuable insights for practical engineering applications, advancement of eco-friendly transportation, and fostering sustainable development.

Influence of behavioural and morphological group composition on pigeon flocking dynamics.

Animals rely on movement to explore and exploit resources in their environment. While movement can provide energetic benefits, it also comes with energetic costs. This study examines how group phenotypic composition individual speed and energy expenditure during group travel in homing pigeons. We manipulated the composition of pigeon groups based on body mass and leadership rank. Our findings indicate that groups of leader phenotypes show faster speeds and greater cohesion than follower phenotype groups. Additionally, we show that groups of homogenous mass composition, whether all heavy or all light, were faster and expended less energy over the course of a whole flight than flocks composed of a mixture of heavy and light individuals. We highlight the importance of considering individual-level variation in social-level studies, and the interaction between individual and group-level traits in governing speed and the cost of travel.

The conflict in Ukraine – a turning point for security and defence of the EU?

On 24 February 2022, war returned to the European continent. However, the Russian aggression did has not only affected Ukraine and its people, its negative consequences are being felt by the whole world, including the European Union, its Memeber States and their citizens. Under the influence of the ongoing conflict, the continental security environment and the security situation in the immediate vicinity of the borders of the European Union continue to deteriorate and interstate tensions between states are further deteriorating. At the same time, there is a threat to European values, democracy, freedom, security and prosperity. The aim of the authors' article is to point out the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the current Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) of the European Union (EU).The article uses the scientific method of critical analysis of the CFSP of the EU and its basic strategic documents in the context of its application in the member countries. The results of the analyses are synthesized in the form of recommendations, mainly concering the timely response of the EU institution to the needs presented by individual member countries in the area of security and defence; investments spent on defence; compatibility of military means and systems; greater cohesion in the field of research and development of the EU member countries.In the conclusion, the author presents the opinion that the shock of the Russian invasion of Ukraine has certainly brought several significant changes, but only a broader transformation of the EU's foreign and security policy can support truly positive developments in this area. Therefore, the question remains unanswered whether the conflict in Ukraine will prove to be a turning point or whether it will remain only an impetus for the accelerating programmes and the developing new formats and initiatives without creating any breakthrough plan for deeper European security and defence integration.

Protein digestibility of textured-wheat-protein (TWP) -based meat analogues: (I) Effects of fibrous structure

This study aimed to investigate the effects of fibrous structure under different moistures during extrusion on the protein digestibility of textured-wheat-protein (TWP) -based meat analogues. Three TWPs (TWP-1, TWP-2, TWP-3) were prepared under an extrusion moisture content of 26.5%, 29.3% and 32.0%. The fibrous structure was analysed through determining the texture properties, degree of texturisation, microstructure of TWPs, and chemical bonds of proteins. When the extrusion moisture increased from 26.5% to 32.0%, the hardness, and degree of texturisation of TWP increased from 2067.1 ± 606.7 g and 2.16 ± 0.13 to 2681.8 ± 359.7 g and 3.55 ± 0.22, respectively, while the cohesiveness decreased from 0.581 ± 0.061 to 0.394 ± 0.033 with less compact fibers. Changes in the particle size and distribution, SDS-PAGE, soluble nitrogen content, and free amino acids of digesta were determined during digestion. It was found that the TWP prepared under a lower extrusion moisture content had a bigger particle size of both gastric and small intestinal digesta. The combination of the results of SDS-PAGE, the soluble nitrogen content, and free amino acids of digesta showed the digestion of protein in TWPs was greater than that in the control sample, and the breakdown rate and proteolysis degree in TWPs increased with the increase in the degree of texturisation of TWP. After the small intestinal digestion, the release of free amino acids in the TWP-1, TWP-2, TWP-3, and the control sample were 375.1 ± 1.4, 489.5 ± 0.8, 475.0 ± 1.6, and 262.3 ± 0.8 mg/10 g digesta. The lower degree of proteolysis in the TWPs prepared under a lower moisture content may be due to its smaller gaps between fibers with greater cohesiveness.