Great Plain Region Of Hungary Research Articles

The significance of foreign language Geography teaching in the dual language secondary school programmes of the Northern Great Plain region

Dual language education has been present in numerous institutions across the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary. Educational centres across the region have been running dual language programmes in secondary grammar schools and vocational schools for decades. As regional centre and traditional educational hub, Debrecen is also represented by a number of schools offering international programmes. Although recent socioeconomic and education policy changes have forced schools for constant renewal, bilingualism in educational programmes managed to remain popular, partly due to the achievements of foreign language subject teaching. Through the alignment of subject-specific content and the development of language competence, this form of education effectively contributes to the improvement of students’ language skills, shapes their mindset and expands their further education and increases their market value as potential workforce. This study will explore the role and impact of foreign language Geography teaching across the secondary schools of the Northern Great Plain region through the lens of teaching and educational research, by discussing some of the relevant regional findings of a broader PhD dissertation (including school visits, final exam results and a recent nationwide teacher survey). Research findings prove that Geography has been a popular subject choice to be taught in foreign languages: it has been present in the majority of the 15 dual language secondary schools of the region, it has been playing an important role in vocational school programmes and it has been chosen as final exam subject by nearly 1,000 candidates.

The Impacts of CAP Subsidies on the Financial Risk and Resilience of Hungarian Farms, 2014–2021

The present paper empirically analyzes the efficiency of European Union (EU) subsidies for farms in the Southern Great Plain region of Hungary between 2014 and 2021. The aim of this analysis was to explore whether the subsidies increased the resilience of farms, enhancing their profitability, liquidity and solvency, and economic efficiency, measured by the usual financial indicators of farm performance. The analysis also evaluated the ability of farm businesses to create and retain jobs, i.e., to increase employment in the rural environment, focusing on differences between the subsidized and non-subsidized farms. The research analyzed all agricultural companies of the selected region. The methodology was a non-parametric statistical analysis (Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunnett’s T3 test) for identifying significant differences between subsidized and non-subsidized farms in the 8-year period. Results show that subsidies significantly improved the financial stability, resilience and efficiency of subsidized farms only in the micro size category, and the employment indicators deteriorated more in subsidized farms than in non-subsidized ones. Thus, the intended purpose of the subsidies was not entirely realized, and positive impacts were noticeable only in the micro enterprises. This might imply that subsidies contributed to the survival of non-viable enterprises instead of enhancing their competitiveness.

Sports habits of hearing impaired people in the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary

Although hearing impaired people represent a significant group of handicapped people, only a few studies examine their physical activities. This study was performed in the Spring of 2019 in Debrecen, Hungary by recruiting 86 hearing impaired people. Here the frequency and type of their physical activity as well as their motivation was examined. Average age of the subjects was 42.0±16.9 years, 41.9% of them performs regular physical activity. Out of them 54.1% excercises twice a week, the rest even more often. Soccer, jogging, and cycling were the most preferred sports. Percentage of hearing impaired people performing regular physical activity was about the same as it was for people with normal hearing. Reason for motivation – it makes them happy and they feel better due to the physical activity – or staying at home – their health condition limits them and they have little free time – was also similar in both groups. However, 80% of the people with impaired hearing preferred to do physicial activity together other hearing impaired.

Characteristics of the Spatial Location of Sports Facilities in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary

Sports facilities play a very important role in educating people about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle, and the examination of their spatial distribution is one of the important research areas of sport geography, a field of study becoming increasingly important in recent times. In this spirit, the aim of this paper is to present the spatial distribution of sports facilities in a specific Hungarian sample area, the Észak-Alföld (Northern Great Plain) region, to point out the differences between settlements, as well as the reasons behind these differences. Data received from the local authorities and state administration bodies were used for the preparation of the study, which included the different sports facilities at the settlement level in addition to information found on the Internet. The following conclusions were drawn based on the research. First of all, it was found that the settlement size significantly influences the spatial distribution of sports facilities, inter alia, larger settlements with larger populations boast increased demand and higher purchasing power and also have more enhanced and more diverse sports infrastructure. Secondly, in the case of competitive sports, the size of settlements is less relevant; there are only insignificant differences between the settlements of different sizes. This can be explained by the fact that almost all settlements have their own football pitch. Thirdly, the administrative role of the settlements was also found to be significant since settlements being on higher levels of the hierarchy (district centres, county seats) always have better facilities.

Assessment of Associations Between Serum Lipoprotein (a) Levels and Atherosclerotic Vascular Diseases in Hungarian Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia Using Data Mining and Machine Learning.

Background and aims: Premature mortality due to atherosclerotic vascular disease is very high in Hungary in comparison with international prevalence rates, though the estimated prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is in line with the data of other European countries. Previous studies have shown that high lipoprotein(a)- Lp(a) levels are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic vascular diseases in patients with FH. We aimed to assess the associations of serum Lp(a) levels and such vascular diseases in FH using data mining methods and machine learning techniques in the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary. Methods: Medical records of 590,500 patients were included in our study. Based on the data from previously diagnosed FH patients using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network scores (≥7 was evaluated as probable or definite FH), we trained machine learning models to identify FH patients. Results: We identified 459 patients with FH and 221 of them had data available on Lp(a). Patients with FH had significantly higher Lp(a) levels compared to non-FH subjects [236 (92.5; 698.5) vs. 167 (80.2; 431.5) mg/L, p < .01]. Also 35.3% of FH patients had Lp(a) levels >500 mg/L. Atherosclerotic complications were significantly more frequent in FH patients compared to patients without FH (46.6 vs. 13.9%). However, contrary to several other previous studies, we could not find significant associations between serum Lp(a) levels and atherosclerotic vascular diseases in the studied Hungarian FH patient group. Conclusion: The extremely high burden of vascular disease is mainly explained by the unhealthy lifestyle of our patients (i.e., high prevalence of smoking, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity resulting in obesity and hypertension). The lack of associations between serum Lp(a) levels and atherosclerotic vascular diseases in Hungarian FH patients may be due to the high prevalence of these risk factors, that mask the deleterious effect of Lp(a).

Specificity of Socio-Economic Processes in the Hungarian Microregion

The Kunhegyesi District is the most disadvantaged district in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary. The aim of this study, which serves as a basis for a social comparative analysis of the District’s settlements in the future, is to understand the demographic processes. Population in the District has been steadily decreasing since 2011 besides lower income levels, poorer health indicators and a higher proportion of premature mortality. Two out of three children are disadvantaged, while the vast majority of young people drops out of secondary school without any qualification. The higherthan-average proportion of Roma population alone does not explain worsening economic output, economic performance has nothing to do with ethnic origin. Reasons are rather to be found in the deterioration of social mobility of the past two decades. Similarly to areas with a higher proportion of Roma population, the District also undergoes an exodus of nonRoma, resulting in ghettoization, thereby further diminishing chances of social mobility. Thanks to social inclusion and recovery programs, as well as the commitment of local Roma stakeholders, promising changes are coming true with an increase in qualification and employment levels and a decrease in the number of disadvantaged children, question is whether development is sustainable in the long run, and also, whether the District has a potential to independently selfsustain social development.

Physical Activity in the Southern Great Plain Region of Hungary: The Role of Sociodemographics and Body Mass Index.

This study explores the level of physical activity and its associations with sociodemographics and body mass index (BMI) in the Southern Great Plain region of Hungary. A total of 1648 adults (Men = 572; Women = 1076) were involved in this study. Their mean age was 43.0 (SD = 15.3), and they were recruited at different face-to-face events from July 2018 to January 2019. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity, and the participants were asked different questions related to their sociodemographics (e.g., education, income) and physical attributes (e.g., height, weight). Additionally, a descriptive statistical, chi-square test was used the see the gender differences, and multinominal regression analysis was used to see the associations between gender, age, place of residence, education, income, BMI, and physical activity levels. Our analysis showed that 19.2% of the sample had a low-, 41.1% had a moderate-, and 39.7% had a high level of physical activity. Furthermore, a high and a moderate level of physical activity were associated with gender, age, residence, education, and BMI. We believe this present study helps understand the role of physical activity in health through the example of the Southern Great Plain region of Hungary, which can provide useful information for experts to increase participation in regular physical activity.

A retrospective study of 275 cases of pituitary intervention in south great plain region of Hungary

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)

Identifying patients with familial hypercholesterolemia using data mining methods in the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary

Background and aimsFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most frequent diseases with monogenic inheritance. Previous data indicated that the heterozygous form occurred in 1:250 people. Based on these reports, around 36,000–40,000 people are estimated to have FH in Hungary, however, there are no exact data about the frequency of the disease in our country. Therefore, we initiated a cooperation with a clinical site partner company that provides modern data mining methods, on the basis of medical and statistical records, and we applied them to two major hospitals in the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary to find patients with a possible diagnosis of FH. MethodsMedical records of 1,342,124 patients were included in our study. From the mined data, we calculated Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) scores for each patient and grouped them according to the criteria to assess the likelihood of the diagnosis of FH. We also calculated the mean lipid levels before the diagnosis and treatment. ResultsWe identified 225 patients with a DLCN score of 6–8 (mean total cholesterol: 9.38 ± 3.0 mmol/L, mean LDL-C: 7.61 ± 2.4 mmol/L), and 11,706 patients with a DLCN score of 3–5 (mean total cholesterol: 7.34 ± 1.2 mmol/L, mean LDL-C: 5.26 ± 0.8 mmol/L). ConclusionsThe analysis of more regional and country-wide data and more frequent measurements of total cholesterol and LDL-C levels would increase the number of FH cases discovered. Data mining seems to be ideal for filtering and screening of FH in Hungary.

The Effect of Dynamic Relationship Capabilities on B2B Lolyalty

The focal issue of our study is to model the adaptation capability of enterprises from a relational point of view in the South Great Plain Region of Hungary. Our main question is how enterprises can modify their relational behaviour in B2B markets to ensure the success of their relationships. We use the resource based view from a dynamic aspect. To operationalise the investigation problem we use the dynamic relational capability framework. In the study we investigate the perceived values of dynamic relational capability and the effect of relational capability on the perceived relationship success.

Examination of the sustainability of the sport facilities in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary

Developing sport into an industry has become a fundamental interest and a noticeable approach in Hungary in recent years. A socalled economic orientation can also be observed in the field of leisure time sports, which was made into law in Hungary in 2011 allowing the support of sport organisations and resulting in a number of infrastructural developments in Hungary. A wide range of development opportunities remain open in sports. This evaluation aims to introduce what significant sport-investment projects have been implemented in the Northern Great Plain region in recent decades and what effects these investments have had. Surveys have been used to reveal whether these facilities originating from years of sport developments are sustainable and to what extent these are exploited for organising sport events. Based on responses provided by a number of sport facilities – including ones built in the past and also ones opened recently – it can be concluded that sport in itself cannot solve the issue of operation and possible economic growth. Considering these aspects, it is important to incorporate, not only in operation but also during planning, the idea that current facilities must „serve” not solely sport events as these in themselves will not make them profitable but they must remain open for all sorts of social events as well.

QUALITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF HOUSEHOLD GREYWATER IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAIN REGION OF HUNGARY

Greywater (GW) has attracted global attention as an alternative water source over the last few decades. GW treatment and reliable reuse require the overall qualitative characterization of samples from different sources. This paper represents an investigation of household-generated GW in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary. Modern and reliable analytical techniques and instruments (ion chromatography, microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Zetasizer Nano Z analysis, etc.) were applied for the determination of the main pollutants and the preparation and specification of the potential treatment methods for indoor or outdoor GW reuse. It was shown that the shower/bathtub fraction must be collected separately from other sources based on its low organic matter (DOC<87.76 mg L -1 and BOD5<250.33 mg L -1 , MBAS<2.92 mg L -1 ), solids (TS<804 mg L -1 ), salt (EC<610 S cm -1 ), nutrients (NO3-N<1.15 mg L -1 , NH4-N<4.80 mg L -1 ) and microelement (Fe<0.01 mg L -1 , Zn<0.01 mg L -1 , Cu<0.15 mg L -1 , Ba<0.38 mg L -1 ) concentrations. In particular, laundry and kitchen sink or dishwasher GW were the most loaded streams. The current study demonstrated that there are no significant limitations for implementing GW reuse systems in Hungarian households but that treatment is necessary before reuse. Further research is needed to adapt treatment methods for the specifics of Hungary.

Changes in the Hungarian law and in the classification system regarding to ’people living with disabilities’ between 2008 and 2013

Nowadays employment is a hot topic in Hungary. The rate of inactive people on the labour market is very high. Many kinds of supplies are provided by the State for example for the group “people living with disabilities”. It is very difficult to provide job for these people after their rehabilitation. Statistical figures show, that the highest ratio of “people living with disabilities” can be found in the North Great Plain Region of Hungary (30 per cent of the total number of “people living with disabilities”).&#x0D; The employment of these people means extra costs for enterprises. At the same time the complete accessibility of workplaces is still not realized in many cases in Hungary yet. Currently only a few enterprises are specialized to employ people living with disabilities in the North Great Plain Region. Unfortunately most of the enterprises don’t want to employ them. New workplaces for these people should be created by the utilisation of European Union and national available sources in order to integrate them into the job’s world in long run. I represent the changes in the law and in the classification system in this area.

Effect of floor type and bedding system on sows lifespan

The paper studies two nucleus pig farms in the Great Plain region of Hungary which have same management, same feeding system but different breeding technology (Farm A had solid floor with straw and Farm B had slatted floor without straw). The genetics of sows were crossbred Dutch Large White and Dutch Landrace. The comparative examination was based on the causes of culling according to the different floor type. To the analysis of culling reasons was applied the methods of survival analysis.&#x0D; In the analysis there were used the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox Proportional Hazard model to the estimate the difference between the farms. The results of survival analysis showed significant difference (p&lt;0.05) between the lifespan of sows that caused the difference between the survival probabilities of sows culled due to lameness. Furthermore there was showed that the sows kept on solid floor with straw have stayed in production longer than on slatted floor without straw. The hazard ratio was 1.434 that means that the culling due to lameness is 1.434 times higher by the slatted floor without straw facing by solid floor with straw.

Evaluation of Labor Market Programs During Recession in the North Great Plain Region of Hungary

The unemployment rate has set up new records worldwide nowadays, namely the downswing phase of the top index Kondratieff-wave has begun. Schools of economics have various approaches concerning the state’s role in recession, that is to say whether the governments could fight against the negative processes or not. The study focuses on the active labor market policies, whose real objective is to bring back the jobless to the labor market ad interim, but evaluations have proved it‘s ineffective. The author analyzed the “Pathway to work” Hungarian public work program, what kind of endogenous factors were there for successful employment in the framework of the program. In the study it will be proved that management and organization have a crucial role in appropriate workplace selection.

Labour market attributes of disabled people in Hungary

Nowadays employment is an evergreen topic in Europe. The North Great Plain Region of Hungary is a typical rural area in Hungary, the unemployment rate is higher in this region as the national average, that’s why it is important, to give the possibility of job for the people living in rural areas. This paper focuses on the relationship between the disabled and the labour market in the North Great Plain Region of Hungary. On the basis of the 8/1983 Hungarian Law many kinds of supplies are provided by the State for people living with disabilities. It is very difficult to provide jobs for these people after their rehabilitation. Statistical figures show that the highest ratio of ‘people living with disabilities’ can be found in the North Great Plain Region of Hungary (30 per cent of the total number of ‘people living with disabilities’). The research focuses on special rehabilitation firms (they are specialised to employ disabled employers) and their employees. Two questionnaires for the above mentioned firms and their employees were created in order to gather information on their activities as well as relationship between the firms and its employees. Altogether 400 employees filled in the questionnaires. The current study shows the results of this survey. It can be stated that this paper shows the relationship between the employment and the types of enterprises, and disabled workers’ qualification level, the need for further education. According to the latest trends we analyse the attitude to the rehabilitation of people living with disabilities and how they will be able to work again not only in ‘rehabilitation firms’. After summarizing all claims of participants we can make an impression in this area and demonstrate the problems for the labour market generally.

Examination of pig farm technology by computer simulation

Agricultural production is among the riskiest production activities. Similarly to other branches of agriculture in animal breeding the finished product is the result of complex procedures. The biological technological procedure, the creation of the product is affected by an outstanding number of environmental factors which also cause uncertainties. In the North Great Plain Region of Hungary, sows, gilts and slaughter pigs are produced on a corporate farm. The reliable operation data of this company provide a stable basis for and estimating future costs and revenue and their distributions. Monte Carlo methods are one of the generally accepted tools for modeling risks. The significant independent variables, their ranges and probability distributions, and the correlation between them were inputs to the model. The values of the variables were produced using a random number generator. The computer simulation was performed using @Ris (PalisadeCorporation) software. The study concentrates on the factors affecting the number of off spring (piglets). Model inputs were the mating, mortality and farrowing rates; the costs and the income values based on these rates have been analysed as the output data of the model.

The correlation of foreign language proficiency, employment and regional competitiveness in the North Great Plain Region of Hungary

Employment is one of the basic factors when evaluating a region’s competitiveness. Boosting employment figures will also increase individual income. However, the creation of jobs alone will not solve the problems of unemployment, as labour force with skills matched to labour market demands should also be available. Continuous development of the labour force, adjusted to recent needs in the labour market, can contribute to a region’s competitiveness. Mismatches between education and labour market requirements would be too expensive, especially for backward regions like the North Great Plain Region of Hungary. Foreign language education should also be adapted to the changing economy when selecting target languages and language skills. A workforce equipped with contemporary and needed second language skills can be an element in making a region attractive for investors. Although current trends show signs of improvement, Hungary and especially the North Great Plain Region still does not have much to offer in this respect. The paper examines the reasons for the low level of second language acquisition among Hungarians and the population of the North Great Plain Region and explores the ways foreign language knowledge could promote economic development.

Utilisation of subsurface waters for soilless vegetable forcing in the Southern Great Plain region of Hungary

For soilless vegetable production of the Southern Great Plain region in Hungary, there is enough water available, however, the origin and chemical composition of it are decisive from the point of view of practicability. The ground water is everywhere accessible, although its sodium and chloride content is almost always significant, moreover, human pollution may occur (e.g. nitrates and phosphates). A further unfavourable moment is the seasonal variation observed within the area of the same community. The abundant supply of water in the Quaternary strata are located in more than half of the cases within the upper 50 m region. As by the expected changes of the climate, a strategic increment of the importance of subsurface waters is anticipated. Their composition is relatively stable, and the prognoses are reliable for the same settlement. Salt content of the majority of water resources bearing hydrocarbonates is low, however, streaming of the subsurface waters tend to increase their sodium content and to diminish their calcium and magnesium, whereas the pH increases (mainly by ion-exchange). Water quality is decisive not only because of the interaction with the plants but also from the point of view of the distribution of water. Some micro-elements, mainly iron and secondarily manganese may cause problems, therefore, irrigation water ought to be prepared carefully. Production technology should be completed by a technical equipment using aeration for the elimination of ironinfluence of yields on rate of return of investment; (3) the role of increasing of added value content of products. Importance of the utilisation of alternative channels of distribution and the formation of producers' cooperatives are underlined, being based on calculation of return of investment.