Great Grandparents Research Articles

Influência da terapia comunitária na cultura mineira

De onde viemos, como nos relacionamos, o que fazemos tem origem em nossos familiares, pais, avós, bisavós, tataravós e assim por diante; somos frutos do meio em que vivemos e das nossas origens ancestrais. Ao estudo do homem em sua cultura denominamos antropologia cultural. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a cultura mineira, como a terapia comunitária chegou neste estado e como ela influencia e é influenciada pelas pessoas desta região.

Advances in Technology: How Feasible are they?

Surely, the times have changed and so does the standard of our living. As we are all aware, the modern day people are subjected to stress at personal and professional level. To be honest, stress has become one of the rich nutrients, our palates could only satiate. Stress, was there too, in the time of our grandparents and great grandparents. Didn’t they live a healthy and a happy life? Didn’t leave behind one of the finest resources via jaw dropping discoveries and inventions? Depression once a word only found in the dusted and cornered dictionaries has now become a word of house hold regulation. We understand there’s lot of research going on to bring out the best food product possible. Research has also taken the first place in the canon of evolvement to solve and treat and eradicate many a human issue. Few these days say, the advancement of technology has changed the quality of our lives and the quantity of our daily food intake. I do not ever think not everyone is meeting the RDA (Required Dietary Allowances) in food once has to come in 24 hour cycle of earth’s rotation. But, how did technology change our life? How did these inventions in machinery at a food industry changed the way we produce our food? Hence, with a background knowledge of these, our objective in this article is to mainly focus in bringing this article is to understand the role and importance of advent of technologies and test their feasibility. After all, is this research not aimed at improving the quality of living and decreasing or say, eliminating the incidence of non-communicable diseases, precisely, hypertension?

Premature, Untimely, and Traumatic Death of Family Members, and Mental Health Disorders Among Inpatient Substance Users

Premature, untimely, or traumatic death of a family member has been shown to be related to later substance use issues among some surviving family members. However, research on these deaths has been limited in that no studies to date have explored associations between these deaths and other mental health disorders co-occurring with substance use. Therefore, this study examined the relationships between premature, untimely, and traumatic deaths of family members (parents, grand- and great grandparents, other family members, and pets) and comorbid psychopathology among a convenience sample of 104 individuals attending treatment for substance use issues. Results indicated that these kinds of death are commonly found within the families of the respondents. In addition, it showed that these deaths were significantly related to higher levels of comorbid anxiety, mood, and personality disorder symptoms. Of particular interest was the finding that these symptoms were significantly related to death among respondents’ grand- and great grandparents rather than among their nuclear families. Further research is needed to assess what kinds of family dysfunction related to death are present in this population and what kinds of interventions may be effective in treating them.

Radiology’sLegacy: Rummaging through the Attic

Early articles in Radiology are based on conventional radiography and provide the foundation for both the way we think about extracting diagnostically important information from images and the spectacular technologic achievements in the decades that followed; therefore, we decided to include in this issue of Radiology a pictorial essay of select figures and our thoughts on the articles themselves to give a taste of the beginnings of so many of our current imaging and research activities.

Raising the Achievements of Schoolchildren in Mountain Regions by Means of Using Local History/Lore Materials

The article is devoted to the effectiveness of the use of local lore material in mountainousterrain schools to improve student achievement in the development of their cognitive interest. Inparticular, the analysis of the role of the school in the development of Ukrainian Carpathianmountain areas of education and younger generation training. Attention is drawn to the fact thatduring the organization of the educational process in schools of mountainous terrain ,we are totake into consideration rather high level of spirituality of Highlanders, their love for their land ,traditions and customs. Therefore, during the lessons of social and humanitarian course the teacheris to use local history material that will provide development of students cognitive interest. Theauthors in the experimental studies process demonstrated that the organization of learning thehistory of Ukraine in the 5th grade should be directed to the development of cognitive interest inhistory. So, the children in the 5th grade will not have to study the whole history. They are to beprepared to gradually assimilate to it according to the curriculum. A critical factor in successfullearning is to form cognitive interest. To make the learning process easier and more interesting theteacher must offer his/her students the curriculum material which they would not only feel, butalso easily understand. The students must realize that it's not about teaching something/someoneunknown, but about themselves, their parents, grandparents, great grandparents, family, region,country. Therefore, the initial training should dominate local history material, allowing thedevelopment of cognitive interest in history, lay the foundations of historical knowledge andprovide increasing levels of students’ achievements. This is ensured by a parallel study of thehistory of the native land. The authors defined teaching and learning requirements for local lorematerial to be used in the process of study and presented their own examples .

System dynamics modelling of an integrated pig production supply chain

The supply chain for pigs is a long chain that is not resilient to environmental changes. The most vulnerable point in the chain occurs at the pig production level, which consists of breeding units, great grandparents, grandparents, parents and fattening units. Similar to other agricultural chains, the pig chain is susceptible to disruptions, such as disease outbreaks. The reaction to any disruptions in supply or demand can take several months or even years. A manager might be unable to anticipate changes in the production units and, thus, be unable to effectively manage the chain. In this study, we develop a system dynamics model as a tool for managers to visualise the movement of the entire production chain. This tool enables the integration of important factors at each breeding level that will affect the number of fattening pigs. Scenarios were applied to explore the mechanism of the model, and case studies were developed to represent an integrated pig company.

Lactante con infección pulmonar grave de evolución fatal que se diagnosticó con inmunodeficiencia primaria

Male infant age 4 months, first and only child of young parents, apparently healthy. The father reported smoking, alcoholism, and tattooing. Family history positive for systemic high blood pressure in three maternal uncles and type 2 diabetes mellitus in grandparents and great grandparents on both sides. Endogamy, consanguinity, or premature deaths in the family denied. Patient native and resident of Mexico City, in semi-urbanized home, with sewerage and electricity, without drinking water, living with 2 dogs and 10 cats. Member of a small nuclear family, parents with basic schooling incomplete and subsistence socioeconomic level.

Historical Perspectives: Perinatal Profile: Forrest Hood Adams, MD: Pediatric Polymath

Forrest Adams is a descendant of Presidents John Adams (1735–1826) and John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), both of whom had long lives for the era into which they were born, which may indicate the role of genetics in his longevity. Both his grandparents and great grandparents lived into their 80s and 90s. Even as a medical student, he became interested in hereditary disorders and wrote an article before graduation, which was published approximately 1 year later, as the first article in his extensive bibliography. Indeed, the hereditary disorder that he described now bears his name, being the description of what became known as the Adams-Oliver syndrome. (1) This has to be a rare distinction for one so young at the time. The disorder consists of aplasia cutis congenita, in association with terminal transverse defects of the limbs and (in the first case he saw) a skull defect. The limb defects are not dissimilar to those seen with amniotic band syndrome. It is fair to say that Forrest Adams was (and is) a polymath (“a person of great learning in several fields of study”). Not only did he continue to be interested in genetics, he then spent time investigating infectious diseases, before moving on to pediatric cardiology and later to pulmonary physiology. As I found out in a recent telephone conversation, Dr Adams, at the age of 94 (going on 95), remembers in considerable detail many of the circumstances that led to his important contributions.⇓ Photograph taken in 2009 when receiving the Harold S. Diehl Award for outstanding professional contributions, from the University of Minnesota Medical School. Forrest Adams was born (in 1919) and raised in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he went to medical school and graduated in 1943. Soon after this, his eponymous article was published and shortly after that he …

Losing Chinese as the First Language in Thailand

Much of the classical sociolinguistic literature on the issue of language maintenance amongst Sino-Siamese communities rely on language-use data on a sample of third-fifth generation Thais with Chinese ethnic roots, the majority of whose great grandparents immigrated to Thailand during the nineteenth and early decades of the twentieth century. As such, in this literature, are excluded the large sample of first-generation overseas Chinese and second-fifth generation ethnic Chinese immigrated to Thailand more roughly between 1970 and 2000. Thus, the linkage between factors governing language maintenance are to be interpreted with due caution in view of limitations in the samples discussed in the extant literature. The current study includes an assessment of the language-usage patterns and present perceptions of the vitality and sustainability of Chinese variants amongst not only the older generations, but also amongst those who have more recently immigrated, thereby rounding out a much fuller picture of the current sociolinguistic situation of those of Chinese descent domiciled in Thailand. Additionally, this study aims to examine the full range of sociological factors that contribute to the maintenance and extensive shift away from Chinese variants toward Thai and Mandarin. It accordingly complements the earlier research of Morita, but not lending support to the Skinnerian paradigm of assimilation. The sample gathered consisted of eight dialect groups. Three types of instruments of research-a questionnaire, observations, and semi-structured interviews-were utilized in collecting data. The data suggest that language-usage patterns, perceptions of vitality and sustainability of ethnic languages are strongly linked to generational changes in ethnic-linguistic identities and discursive practices governing social inclusion/exclusion, amongst other factors.

Chronic Cough in Children: A Primary Care and Subspecialty Collaborative Approach

1. Robert Kaslovsky, MD* 2. Matthew Sadof, MD† 1. *Department of Pediatrics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY. 2. †Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Children’s Hospital, Springfield, MA. * Abbreviations: AAP: : American Academy of Pediatrics ATAQ: : Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire ACT: : Asthma Control Test ACQ: : Asthma Control Questionnaire CDC: : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CF: : cystic fibrosis CT: : computed tomography DTP: : diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis FEV1: : forced expiratory volume in 1 second GERD: : gastroesophageal reflux disease ICS: : inhaled corticosteroid NHLBI: : National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute RSV: : respiratory syncytial virus TEF: : tracheoesophageal fistula VCD: : vocal cord dysfunction Cough is an extremely common symptom in children and a cause of great concern. Because cough can be caused by a wide variety of infectious and noninfectious conditions, which will vary among different age groups, clinicians must take a logical approach to establishing a diagnosis, which will determine appropriate therapy. General pediatricians must know how to work in coordination with specialists when the cause of the cough is unknown or complex. After reading this article, readers should be able to: 1. Effectively evaluate the multiple causes of cough in children of various ages. 2. Prescribe appropriate therapies for the disorders that cause cough. 3. Understand how to coordinate the care of the generalist with that of the specialist. Cough – cough – cough – cough! A great many parents, grandparents, teachers, and child care providers express concern to health care clinicians regarding a child’s cough. Many hours of sleep and days of school and work are missed because of a child’s coughing. Simply suppressing the cough is not the answer because cough is an essential protective mechanism to keep the airways patent and clear. Well-meaning parents and grandparents often are quick to use over-the-counter products to suppress the cough, usually with no relief and occasionally with significant toxic effects. Treatment of cough is not a “one size fits all” proposition. Rather, the clinician must evaluate each case of cough individually and determine treatment according to the cause of the cough. It is important to consider the age of the child, the nature and timing of the cough (wet or dry, day or …

Knowing Your Ancestors: A Survey of Bahamians' Knowledge of Their Progenitor's Names

An on-line survey of 1,447 persons indicate that almost all participants (98.4%) knew both their biological father and mother. However, few (7.6%) knew the names of all their great grandparents. The direct female relations on the maternal side were more likely to be known than other similar relations on the paternal side. This knowledge of names confirms the matrifocal nature of Bahamian families and indicates the need for families to take steps to preserve their own history, so as to provide a sense of identity.

Genetic variability characterization of the moroccan houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata undulata) inferred from pedigree analysis

A Moroccan Houbara Bustard pedigree was analyzed to evaluate the genetic variability in captive breeding population using genealogical approaches. The whole Houbara breeding flock (WP) for the period 1993-2004 was made up of 531 birds comprising 346 females and 185 males. The reference population (RP) comprised 198 individuals ready for reproduction from 2000 to 2004 cohorts. The corresponding percentage of known ancestors was estimated as 98.23% for the parent generation, 41.19% for the grandparent generation and 7.00% for the great grandparents generation. The average generation interval for Houbara was computed as 4.64 years. Genetic variability loss per generation was ascertained using the effective population size (Ne), the founder genome equivalent (fge), the effective number of ancestors and founders (fa) and (fe), respectively, for the RP and across each cohort. The results showed no bottleneck events in the breed but some loss of genetic variability just after the initiation of the conservation program. However, the annual effective population size based on the realized increase in inbreeding (ΔF) was estimated to be 207 for the RP and 1,000 for the WP. With regard to conservation breeding schemes, the genealogical evidence presented here is very useful as it revealed the positive effect of migration on Houbara breeding. The mating strategies will assist in the future control and management of the genetic variability of this population.

Is the whole greater than the sum of its parts?

Although mutations of BRCA2 are known to be associated with increased risks of prostate and pancreas cancer and melanoma, the prevalence of Jewish founder mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (JFM’s) amongst incidental cases of these malignancies in Ashkenazi Jews has not be shown to justify founder mutation testing. This case report highlights the need to consider combinations of these cancers in Ashkenazi families. John* (*pseudonyms), aged 63, presented to the Hereditary Cancer Clinic at Prince of Wales Hospital. All four grandparents were Ashkenazi Jewish, and he became aware of BRCA1and BRCA2 JFM testing following the identification of the BRCA2 founder mutation in the husband of his sister Judy*. John’s brother had died from pancreas cancer at 60, his father had died from prostate cancer at 69 and his uncle had died from melanoma at 60. John was known to have an elevated PSA and was being treated for benign prostatic hypertrophy. There were no cases of breast or ovarian cancer in his family. The combination of cancers was sufficiently concerning to offer John founder mutation testing. The 6174delT mutation of BRCA2 was identified. It was also identified in his sister Judy. Despite having a husband with the same mutation, she had three adult children with no evidence of Fanconi Anaemia. John’s mother was shown not to carry the mutation, so predictive testing was offered to his paternal relatives. To date, 14 people in this family have had predictive testing and 5 unaffected carriers have been identified. In view of his mutation result, John underwent a further prostatic biopsy and cancer was found, resulting in a prostatectomy. Two unaffected relatives have had RRSO, one was shown to have dysplastic changes in the fallopian tube. Eligible tested males have been enrolled in the IMPACT study. Mutation carriers in this family aged between 40 and 80 have been offered participation in a trial of pancreatic cancer screening with endoscopic ultrasound. Although this family had no cases of breast or ovarian cancers, it indicates that combinations of cancers associated with BRCA2 need to be considered for testing. Despite this being a large pedigree with information about the cancer status of all members, the paternal great grandparents of the proband had 38 descendents in the next 3 generations, of whom only 11 were female, contributing to the absence of any history of breast and ovarian cancer. Families such as this highlight the need to consider population JFM testing, which is being trialled in the UK as the GCaPPS (Genetic Cancer Prediction Through Population Screening) study, and being considered for Sydney through the POWH.

The Wretched Refuse of Jewish American Literary History

The Wretched Refuse of Jewish American Literary History

Meeting the religious and cultural needs of children and young people with life-limiting conditions

Many children have multiple ethnic and cultural identities, possessing mixed heritage with parents, grandparents and great grandparents from different groups or communities (Brown, Gatrad and Sheikh, 2008). Most cultures and...

Battling about equations

One of the most exciting episodes in the study of human heredity was the battle between two incompatible algebraic expressions to describe its properties in the beginning of the 20th Century. In one corner was Karl Pearson (1857–1936) with his 1898 formulation for ancestral heredity, which had the authority of Charles Darwin and Francis Galton for support.1 It reads: The inherited contribution of parent to offspring (y) can be formulated as: ![Formula][1] where σ/σn are the ratios of the standard deviations of measurable traits in the offspring to the standard deviations of the mid-parental generation; and k1,k2 … kn are the deviations of the mid-parental means from the mean of the offspring for each trait. He admits to reservations of how ‘mid-parent’ should be defined. The subscripts refer to each of the ancestral generations (parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, etc.). The original paper should be consulted for fuller details.2 Pearson has elaborated on earlier formulations using a convergent geometric series to represent the hereditary contribution (f(y)) by the parents, the four grand parents, eight great-grand parents, etc. to the offspring.1 This type of convergent series is of the general form: ![Formula][2] where A,B,C,D … are constants independent of x (=0.5n in Pearson's expression). The expression can be used to represent a great many biological phenomena. The formulation has no theoretical significance; all it postulates is that the phenomenon in question varies continuously. Then Maclaurin's or Taylor's theorems (depending on the number of variables involved) can be used to determine the values of the coefficients that will make the series useful to any desired degree of approximation.3 Pearson's equation certainly satisfies the requirements for continuous variation of inherited traits which Darwin believed to be true; and it reaches a limit … [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/graphic-2.gif

2352 Henry Louisa Street

Growing up, I was very fortunate to have an abundance of relatives surrounding me. All of my grandparents, some of my great-grandparents, and even a few of my great-great grandparents were still living. As a result, some of my grandparents changed the usual and monikers to names that were easier for all of the grandchil dren to pronounce and remember. Rather than Great-Great-Grandma, my two great great-grandmothers were known as Gram and 2, and one set of my great grandparents became and Grandma on the Farm. Grandpa and Grandma on the Farm's tiny white farmhouse with the big, blue, cluttered back porch was always an adventure to visit.

Building Historical Imagination With Three Potatoes, Two Carrots, And One Onion

Cultivating historical imagination in undergraduate students is often a difficult task. The distance between their lives, generally lived in the last quarter century, and the ways in which people lived in the pre-World War II period can be enormous. The task becomes even more difficult when students think that certain elements of their lives in the present are much more similar to those of previous eras than they actually are. Case in point is the Great Depression. Given the current economic downturn, many students are convinced that, in some ways, they are living in a situation akin to that of the 1930s. As historians, however, we know that (at least for now) the distance between the depression of the 1930s and the economic troubles of today is significant. The U.S. Department of Labor posted a 9.8 percent unemployment rate for the nation in September 2009. This number, of course, masked significant differences between states. North Dakota boasted the lowest unemployment rate in the nation, at 4.3 percent. Iowa's unemployment rate was 6.8 percent, while neighboring Illinois' was at 10 percent. Michigan suffered the highest unemployment rate, with 15.2 percent unemployed in August. Reflecting the general level of distress, mortgage foreclosures are as high as they have been in a generation. Consumer confidence has slumped significantly. In most parts of the country, retail sales fell considerably at Christmas 2008. Families have found themselves scrimping and saving, trying to remember long forgotten strategies for getting by in difficult economic times. Given the situation and constant news coverage, it is altogether too easy for today's students, whose context for understanding history is the period since 1990, to draw erroneous comparisons between the hard times their grandparents and great grandparents faced with the economic downturn of 2008-09.

Following the trail of oral history

This article explores language and identity issues within a small group of trilingual Montreal Armenian children in informal Saturday literacy group sessions. These sessions provided alternative avenues for the promotion of Armenian literacy. The participants attended Armenian heritage language day schools in Montreal. All had great grandparents who were 1915 Armenian genocide survivors. To pay a living tribute to their memory, we embarked on an oral history project, using a range of visual artefacts, such as photographs and old ID documents. The children were invited to explore their great grandparents’ family histories and share their findings within the group. A videotaped account of the session reveals fascinating evidence of the children’s engagement with the project, their collective meaning-making through dialogue, and their negotiations of language and identity issues as reflected in the weaving of their narratives.

Frank Albert Cotton. 9 April 1930 — 20 February 2007

F. Albert Cotton was born in west Philadelphia on 9 April 1930. He was named Frank Abbott Cotton by his parents in honour of thedoctor and friend of the family who delivered him. However, when he was not yet two years old his father, who was a mechanical engineer, died and guided by his mother he took his father's name, Albert. Although this was never legally recorded he became Frank Albert Cotton by common usage, or F. Albert Cotton, and to his friends he was Al. His family ancestry can be traced to England and Europe from whence his great grand parents had emigrated. His mother was only 32 years of age when his father died and, being widowed at the time of the great depression without a significant financial resource, she was placed in rather a predicament and forced to seek work. At first she did office work but thiswas not well paid and she discovered she could earn more as a waitress, and this she did for nearly the next 30 years.