Great Gatsby Research Articles

AMERICANNESS AND THE AMERICAN DREAM IN LAILA HALABY’S ONCE IN A PROMISED LAND (2007)

The American Dream is associated with the promise of equality, opportunity, success, and achievement through hard work and perseverance. It promises free practice of religious, social, and cultural values of different ethnic and racial groups to “construct a new race, a new religion, a new state, a new literature” (Emerson, 1909, p. 116). Hypnotized by these values of the American Dream, immigrants from all corners of the world pour into America to achieve these ideals of happiness and prosperity. However, despite being hailed as the panacea for all, the mythical nature of the American Dream has come to be vigorously debated over the last hundred years. Indeed, the political and economic crises at the turn of the twenty-first century have further exposed the fault lines of the American Dream (Archer, 2014). While literary critiques of the materialistic nature of the Dream can be traced back to classics such as F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925), Laila Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land (2007) is a contemporary exploration of the meaning of “Americanness” from the perspective of an Arab American couple in the aftermath of 9/11. Through a critical analysis of the representation of Americanness in the novel, the paper argues that the already elusive nature of the American Dream becomes further complicated in an America unsettled by 9/11; as such, rather than reinforcing their American identity, for Arab Americans, the notion of Americanness becomes a source of disillusionment and alienation

AMERICANNESS AND THE AMERICAN DREAM IN LAILA HALABY’S ONCE IN A PROMISED LAND (2007)

The American Dream is associated with the promise of equality, opportunity, success, and achievement through hard work and perseverance. It promises free practice of religious, social, and cultural values of different ethnic and racial groups to “construct a new race, a new religion, a new state, a new literature” (Emerson, 1909, p. 116). Hypnotized by these values of the American Dream, immigrants from all corners of the world pour into America to achieve these ideals of happiness and prosperity. However, despite being hailed as the panacea for all, the mythical nature of the American Dream has come to be vigorously debated over the last hundred years. Indeed, the political and economic crises at the turn of the twenty-first century have further exposed the fault lines of the American Dream (Archer, 2014). While literary critiques of the materialistic nature of the Dream can be traced back to classics such as F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925), Laila Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land (2007) is a contemporary exploration of the meaning of “Americanness” from the perspective of an Arab American couple in the aftermath of 9/11. Through a critical analysis of the representation of Americanness in the novel, the paper argues that the already elusive nature of the American Dream becomes further complicated in an America unsettled by 9/11; as such, rather than reinforcing their American identity, for Arab Americans, the notion of Americanness becomes a source of disillusionment and alienation

Women Under Gazes in The Great Gatsby

Women Under Gazes in The Great Gatsby

Selected cultural elements and allusions in five Polish translations of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s 'The Great Gatsby'

The Great Gatsby (1925) is considered the greatest literary achievement of Francis Scott Fitzgerald. Its first Polish translation was published in 1962. Presently, readers in Poland can choose from among six translations of this iconic work, with three of them added in 2021 and 2022, probably as a result of the entry of the book into the public domain in 2021. Fitzgerald, often regarded as a chronicler of the tumultuous Jazz Age in the United States, presents a socio-cultural narrative that invites reflection on how Polish translators dealt with the cultural elements and allusions pervasive in The Great Gatsby. This paper delves into selected cultural elements and allusions within the context of the five Polish translations of The Great Gatsby.

Conceptual Metaphor Analysis of The Great Gatsby

Lakoff and Johnson's Metaphor We Live By published in 1980 has made the study of metaphor from the perspective of cognitive linguistics a new development and become a hot research topic. Metaphor is no longer limited to a simple rhetorical device used in literature, but a cognitive mode connected with our way of thinking and perceptual experience. Its essence is to use one thing to understand another thing and people use metaphors to understand and create connections between two different things. The Great Gatsby, written by Francis Scott Fitzgerald, is one of the greatest American works of the 20th century and is full of metaphors, which are the key to building the profound meaning of the book. It paints a panorama of the Jazz Age and the disillusionment of the American Dream. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper studies the metaphor of classic sentences in this book, hoping to help readers better understand this book. At the same time, the interpretation of conceptual metaphor theory based on text is helpful for us to grasp the daily application of metaphor effectively.

Dear Scottie – F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Letters to his Daughter

       Our article aims at a brief literary analysis of the letters written by Francis Scott Fitzgerald, the famous American writer to his only child, Scottie. Despite his short life (1896-1940), Fitzgerald left an indelible mark not only on English-language literature, but also on world literature. His novels and short stories have been translated into many languages ​​of the world. And the new screen adaptation of his masterpiece "The Great Gatsby" once again opened the door for the writer in the hearts of millions of modern youth. The writer's biography is no less impressive than the lives of his most reckless characters. Fitzgerald's life was full of adventures and extremes. He had periods of carefree life and days when he had to constantly ask his literary agent for an advance. Scottie, his only daughter, was the brightest point of his life, born to him by his wife, the beautiful and talented Zelda Sayre. Dozens of letters written to Scott reveal the truest and most intimate side of the writer - the father figure and that of the role of the father - for which he never betrayed.

Iron Curtain: A Love Story by Vesna Goldsworthy

Reviewed by: Iron Curtain: A Love Story by Vesna Goldsworthy Damjana Mraović-O'Hare VESNA GOLDSWORTHY Iron Curtain: A Love Story New York. W. W. Norton. 2023. 336 pages. MILENA URBANSKA, the main character of Vesna Goldsworthy's Iron Curtain: A Love Story, is a child of privilege. An offspring of one of the two founders of a politically restrictive Soviet satellite state, Milena's life in the 1980s is marked by indulging in foreign pop culture, designer clothes, and trips abroad. Despite having a "dismal" attendance record and average performance, she is recognized as the top college student. She and her boyfriend, a child of another high-ranking state politician, are considered the Diana and Charles of her country. Milena claims that she is a rebel, both against the system and, consequently, her father, but her trespasses amount to decadent parties, sullen moods, and verbal outbursts to her parents. Milena is misunderstood and unhappy—she claims—and yet her discomfort is rather generational than political. When Milena complains about the constant lack of toilet paper in public bathrooms, she laments that she had to "waste another handkerchief. I like the touch of silk, but it was a pity always to have to throw these things away." Milena, though, changes when Misha, her Charles, kills himself playing drunk Russian roulette after serving only a few weeks of mandatory army service. Milena did not stop the game in which she also participated, and the guilt transforms her into a dedicated student and, later, a successful translator. The second change is instigated by Jason, a visiting British poet for whom she translates at a literary conference: an intense and brief love affair is followed by plans to continue their life in London. Expectedly, when Milena finally reaches the West, nothing lives up to its promise, while Jason's ultimate betrayal can be avenged only by asking for help from those against whom Milena supposedly initially revolted: her motherland and her father. The decision to acknowledge the political power of an eastern country, however, is ironic: the novel opens in December 1990, with the fall of the Iron Curtain. Milena's happiness is unattainable, regardless of politics. In her third novel, the well-established Goldsworthy revisits some of the themes she has previously discussed in her fiction and academic work, notably the ways in which the West and the East perceive each other, as well as questions of identity and freedom. Her Inventing Ruritania: The Imperialism of the Imagination (1998) is an essential contribution to Balkan studies; Gorsky (2015) follows a Russian oligarch living in contemporary London but is inspired by The Great Gatsby; Monsieur Ka (2018) is about Anna Karenina's son in post-World War II Britain. Iron Curtain, although "just" a love story, is Goldsworthy's finest novel so far: it is nuanced, funny, and relevant in a world that seems to be actively working on a new Iron Curtain. Damjana Mraović-O'Hare Carson-Newman University Copyright © 2023 World Literature Today and the Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma

Bringing queerness to the surface: Truman Capote’s November 1971 screenplay adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby

Truman Capote occupied a queer position as an openly gay man adapting F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby for the screen in the homophobic Hollywood system of the early 1970s. In January 1972, Paramount Pictures rejected Capote’s Gatsby screenplay and dismissed him from the film entirely. In this study, I investigate a tenuous claim that has circulated for decades: that Capote was fired from the project because he wrote Nick Carraway and Jordan Baker as queer characters. I argue that Capote deployed what Alexander Doty calls ‘working-within-the-system tactics’ to suggest queerness that would be apparent to viewers accustomed to interpreting media outside of dominant codes dictated by heteronormative conventions, while also using what licence he had to incorporate more explicitly queer moments. This article contributes to research on Capote’s manuscript with a close reading of queerness in the text, and an account of the personal and professional struggles related to queer identity that Capote faced while developing the script.

IT ROARS BUT THEN IT SUFFERS: AMERICA IN THE INTERBELLUM AS DEPICTED IN THE GREAT GATSBY

Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby that is written in 1925 records one of the most remarkable decades in American history. American economy “roars” in the interbellum/interwar period with the advancement of technology and the stock market but then it declined by excessive consumerism. This article seeks to identify the changes in the American economy and consumer culture as depicted in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and the subsequent depression that happened. A new historicism technique is applied to describe some major factors enabling America in the twenties to lead the world’s economy as depicted in the novel and factors ending the development. By using a content analysis technique, data in the form of excerpts from the novel are collected. The data are then analyzed following the thematic analysis principles. The result of the study points out some changes that made America in the twenties roar are the increase of middle-class people, the widespread use of technology, the development of the stock market, the affordability of automobiles, and the freedom to speak and act. The glorious decades came to an end after 1939 when the stock market crashed, consumerism escalated, credit card use expanded and banks got a “panic attack”. The implication for today’s lifestyle is mentioned.

“Beauty and the Beast”: Romance, Reform, and Mystery in the Films of Lon Chaney

“Beauty and the Beast”: Romance, Reform, and Mystery in the Films of Lon Chaney

Sport and Religion: The State of the Field

Sport and Religion: The State of the Field Rebecca Alpert My own interest in the field of Religion and Sport began when I read the interview I did for Bill Freedman’s 1998 More Than a Pastime: An Oral History of Baseball Fans. Most of my reminiscences were about my childhood connection to the Brooklyn Dodgers. I talked about why Jackie Robinson’s breaking the color line was central to the development of my progressive political values, and how those values had been shaped by growing up in the Jewish community in Brooklyn in the 1950s. Thinking about that connection made me curious about why I automatically associated baseball and being Jewish. So I began to do some research about Jews in baseball. A key moment in that process was attending a panel on the edited volume The Faith of Fifty Million: Baseball, Religion, and American Culture at the American Academy of Religion in 2002. It was sponsored by the Religion and Popular Culture Group and featured panelists Randall Balmer, Donna Bowman, and Joseph Price, with responses from the editors, Christopher Evans and William R. Herzog II. While sitting in the audience it occurred to me (and a couple of Jewish sports fans who sat with me) that the absence of a discussion of Jewish contributions to baseball was a glaring omission. There wasn’t even an acknowledgement that Meyer Wolfschein, the fictional character to whom F. Scott Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby) was alluding in that famous quotation about playing with the faith of fifty million, was modeled on the Jewish gambler Arnold Rothstein. And more, there wasn’t any reference to the antisemitism that erroneously blamed the 1919 Black Sox scandal on Jewish interference. Bringing Jewish concerns into that conversation seemed like an important contribution to make. I began to write about baseball and Jewish identity and became involved with groups like Jewish Major Leaguers and the [End Page 3] Society for American Baseball Research. In those spaces I met people who welcomed my musings about Jews and baseball and helped me with research questions. I gave papers on Jewish themes at a variety of baseball conferences and published them in Jewish and baseball journals. I became acquainted with the works of Jeffrey Gurock and Steven Riess who had been writing about the history of Jews and sports. The questions I was asking eventually led me to work on my own monograph, Out of Left Field: Jews in Black Baseball, that was published in 2011. In the process I became more curious about the broader context of religion and sports—were Jews always left out of the conversation? I started reading, beginning with Michael Novak’s classic 1976 work, The Joy of Sports: Endzones, Bases, Baskets, Balls, and the Consecration of the American Spirit. I read works by Allen Guttman, Robert Higgs, Joe Price, Tara Magdalinski and Timothy Chandler, Charles Prebish, and Clifford Putney. This was a rapidly developing field. Was there a way to bring these voices together and broaden the conversation to include Jewish voices too? Trolling through the program book of the American Academy of Religion in 2006, I noticed an additional meeting, “Forum on Sports and Religion.” It was described as a place where: Writers and researchers on the relationship of sports and religion meet to discuss their books, works-in-progress, and current research. All are welcome to join the general discussion about this relatively new area of cultural and religious studies. (AAR Program Book, Additional Meetings 2006, 44) Panelists included Joe Price, Eric Bain-Selbo, and editors from Mercer University Press, the sponsor of the meeting and publisher of a book series on sports and religion responsible for several of the works listed above. I was intrigued and attended the session. I joined them again in 2007 for conversations focused on football, in 2008 on the Chicago Cubs, and on sports films in 2009. By then the field had begun to explode, featuring new works by Craig Forney, Joe Price, Eric Bain-Selbo, William Baker, Steve Overman, Robert Higgs and Michael Braswell that explored the intersection of sports and religion and engaged in a debate over whether sports could be considered a religion...

A Comparative Study of Female Relationships under Focalization: Taking The Great Gatsby and Family as Examples

The focalization theory aims to classify and categorize narrative techniques in the literature. This paper applies focalization to the female relationships in The Great Gatsby and Family, specifically those arising from a romantic relationship with the same male, as examples to explore the different characteristics of female relationships under different types of focalization. The study finds that The Great Gatsby uses the narrative with internal focalization in which the female relationships are presented as competitive, whereas in Family a combination of the narrative with internal focalization and the narrative with zero focalization is used in which the female relationships are presented as harmonious co-existence. The difference in female relationships is due to the different contexts of the works, the main themes of the works and the influence of the author’s experiences.

Exposition of Disgust Rasa in Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby

This research article makes an attempt to explore the exposition of disgust Rasa in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925). Human being has strong negative feeling of aversion or sickening feeling of revulsion because they are attracted to the materialistic life now. They have been money minded and have self-centered ideas. They only want to earn money. Sometime, they do the illegal work for earning money. They have sexual shameless behavior. They are highly obsessive and abominable. They desire to establish the factories for their luxury. They have become totally selfish. So, they have the destructive morality. Moreover, the whole landscape is covered by dust and then, they have complex life and it produces the disgust rasa which represents depression and dissatisfaction. It has a powerful pessimistic affection of disapproval. This study has read the novel through the critical design that Sheldon Pollock has developed the critical concept of disgust rasa. Thus, the finding of the research is that the modern men have no morality and they have Sickening and shocking manner, etc. which product full of disgust rasa in their life.

PROSPERITY AS REFLECTED IN FITZGERALD’S THE GREAT GATSBY

This study aims to shed light on the prosperous era that occurred in America during the 1920s, as depicted in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. In conducting this research, the writer uses a qualitative method in which the data are in the form of words and the writer is the key instrument. The sources are taken from the work itself and other relevant books supporting the analysis. The writer employs a mimetic approach to data analysis, which holds that literary work is a reflection and imitation of aspects of the universe. As a result of remaining neutral during World War I and the occurrence of migration, America can now concentrate on economic mobilization. Prosperity is marked by the rise of consumerism, business fortune, and residence, but it also has a negative impact on the American people in terms of the rise of a new way of life and the decline of morality, such as a proclivity for free life, alcoholism, and free sex.
 

A Comparison of Male Characters in "The Great Gatsby" and "Farewell My Concubine" from the Perspective of Gender Poetics

A Comparison of Male Characters in "The Great Gatsby" and "Farewell My Concubine" from the Perspective of Gender Poetics

Применение программы Aegisub в процессе обучения тифлокомментированию

Introduction. The global turn towards social inclusion implies an increase in the number of qualified personnel with the ability to solve diverse tasks in the areas of barrier-free communication – subtitling, audio description, sign language translation, as well as tactile sign translation. The purpose of the study is to identify the didactic potential of cross-platform applications in the process of learning audio description using the example of the Aegisub application. The relevance of the work is explained by the fact that at the present stage we can talk not only about such a linguist-audio describer’s task as professional possession of intercultural competence, but also about the free application in practice of various technical means for generating and transmitting audio commentaries, since the trend towards digitalization of society requires improving the competencies of specialists in the field of inclusion. Materials and Methods. As the research material, a fragment of the feature film “The Great Gatsby” in English with a professional polyphonic translation into Russian is used. To achieve this goal, the experimental method is used, as well as analysis and synthesis. Analysis. With the help of the Aegisub programme, even a not very prepared user can perform any actions related to the synchronization of the text and visual components of the multimedia commenting object. To confirm the thesis about the expediency of using the Aegisub application in the practice of teaching audio description, a pilot experiment was conducted in which nine participants were asked to complete the task of compiling audio description using the programme and without it. Results. Based on the results of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the introduction of specialized computer applications into the process of teaching audio description on an ongoing basis can become an effective way to form professional competencies of a specialist in the field of barrier-free communication.

Chekhov’s Gull

Chekhov’s Gull

New Money Versus Old Money; The Importance of Wealth in Building Relationships in The Great Gatsby

New Money Versus Old Money; The Importance of Wealth in Building Relationships in The Great Gatsby

Female Commodification in The Great Gatsby: A Feminist Marxist Approach

Female Commodification in The Great Gatsby: A Feminist Marxist Approach

The Symbolic Meaning of Color in the Great Gatsby

The Symbolic Meaning of Color in the Great Gatsby