Great Deal Of Trust Research Articles

Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and its predictors among diabetic patients on follow-up at public hospitals in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia.

Understanding and addressing the concerns of vaccine-hesitant individuals, including those with chronic diseases, is key to increasing vaccine acceptance and uptake. However, in Ethiopia, there is limited evidence on the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and predictor variables among diabetic patients. Hence, the study aimed to assess Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Predictor variables among Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up at Public Hospitals in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia. Facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 422 diabetic patients attending public hospitals at Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia between January, to February, 2023. Study participants were recruited by systematic random sampling. The data were collected interviewee administered pre-tested structured survey questioner. The collected data were entered and cleaned using Epi-Data software 4.6 version. The cleaned data were analyzed using SPSS. 25.0 Statical software. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean and percentage, and binary logistic regression was applied to identify independent predictors of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and association between variables were declared at p-value of 0.05. The overall magnitude of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 15.2% (95% CI: 11.6-18.7). The top three listed reasons for the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were: negative information about the vaccine (32.90%), lack of enough information (21.80%), and vaccine safety concern (19.40%). The hesitancy of the COVID-19 vaccination uptake among diabetes patients was independently influenced by age between 40-49 (Adjusted Odd Ratio [AOR] = 4.52(1.04-19.66)), having vaccine awareness (AOR = 0.029(0.001-0.86)), having a great deal of trust on vaccine development (AOR = 0.028(0.002-0.52)), and a fear amount trust (AOR = 0.05(0.003-0.79)) on the vaccine preparation, vaccinated for COVID-19 (AOR = 0.13(0.04-0.51)), perceived exposure to COVID-19 infection after having the vaccine as strongly agree/agree (AOR = 0.03(0.01-0.17))and neither agree nor disagree (AOR = 0.07(0.02-0.30)). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among diabetic patients was relatively low. The identified independent predictors were age, vaccine awareness, COVID-19 vaccination history, awareness on vaccine preparation and exposure status to COVID-19 infection. The relevant agency should focus on efforts to translating these high levels of vaccine acceptance into actual uptake, through targeting identifying predictor variables and vaccine availability for a high-risk diabetes patient.

Home and Spread of Indo-European Tribes in the Light of Name Research

Today, large parts of Europe are populated by speakers of Indo-European languages. People have long wondered where they came from, where their original home was. Archeology has long been trusted to provide a solution to the problem. This has now been abandoned. Today there is a great deal of trust in the results of genetic research, which can certainly contribute to important findings. However, one should not forget an important aspect: when one looks for the speakers of Indo-European languages, one is not looking for specific material finds (devices, weapons, etc.) or for the carriers of certain genetic peculiarities, but for the speakers of languages. Their homeland and distribution can only be determined using linguistic methods. The languages alone are crucial. And at this point a scientific discipline that is based on languages comes into view: it is place name research. Place and river names are firmly anchored in the original region. They often pass on their names to changing populations and are therefore undoubtedly the most important witnesses to the history of peoples and languages. And another scientific discipline must be included: agricultural science, because early settlements were based on good and productive soils that enabled continuous settlement. With the help of geographical names and the distribution of Europe's good soils, the study determines the original settlements of the Slavs on the northern slope of the Carpathians, the Germanic tribes north of the Harz and those of the Celts on the western edge of the Carpathians. River names that can be assigned to Old European, i.e. Indo-European, hydronymy also show that old ones come from almost all settlement areas. There is evidence of connections to the Baltics and the Baltic languages. The Baltics are therefore the center of Indo-European names and there is no reason not to consider them as the starting area and home of Indo-European expansions. A homeland outside of Old European hydronymy, be it in southern Russia or in Asia Minor or in the Caucasus, as is often assumed today, especially on the basis of genetic studies, is excluded.

Trust in institutions and subjective well‐being: Evidence from the Philippines

AbstractWe examine the institutional drivers of subjective well‐being (SWB). Using a repeated cross‐sectional data set from the Philippines spanning three decades, we estimate the relationship of people's trust in public institutions and SWB, measured in terms of people's satisfaction with their lives. Our findings, based on estimates which control for a range of individual‐level characteristics, show that people's trust in public institutions is strongly associated with their well‐being. In particular, a great deal of trust in the Police, Congress, and Judiciary is positively associated with people's satisfaction with their lives while a lack of trust in Congress, Civil Service, and Executive is negatively related to life satisfaction. Findings are discussed vis‐à‐vis their implications for Philippine public policy and to well‐being‐oriented policy regimes more generally.

Comments: Climate Change Ambitions vs. Actions

A recent Deloitte survey of 2,000 C-level executives about sustainability in their businesses was published with the tagline, “The disconnect between ambition and impact.” Execs, of whom 20% were involved in “energy, resources, and industrials,” have become more concerned about climate over the past few months but are in many cases picking the low-hanging fruit when it comes to demonstrating a real commitment to make effective changes. Eighty-eight percent agreed that with immediate action, the worst impacts of climate change could be limited. Just 8 months ago, in a similar Deloitte survey, 63% agreed. Bear in mind the pressure to act from their stakeholders also has and continues to escalate. Stakeholders were categorized as regulators/government, board members/management, consumers/clients, civil society (media, activists), shareholders/investors, competitors/peers, employees, and banks/lenders. Yet, the top actions taken by the companies were “easy” ones. For example, using more sustainable materials (67%) vs. developing new climate-friendly products or services (49%), increasing the efficiency of energy use (e.g., in buildings) (66%) vs. requiring suppliers and business partners to meet specific criteria (46%), and reducing air travel post-pandemic (55%) vs. tying execs’ compensation to environmental sustainability performance (37%). Deloitte termed the more difficult actions as “needle-moving.” In each example, the easy actions topped the hard ones by about 20%. Obstacles to moving the needle included difficulty measuring environmental impact and insufficient supply of sustainable or low-emissions inputs, listed by nearly a third and 27%, respectively. Cost was identified by 27%. Deloitte wondered if these were real obstacles, or just low priorities, and added that “many companies may be struggling to translate the cost of climate inaction.” However, the survey results suggest that cost may not be the overriding concern. Rather, the measurement of improvement is not yet well defined, and the availability of and/or access to proven, dependable lower-emissions technology is lagging. Sarah Chapman, global chief sustainability officer at financial services provider Manulife, commented in the survey, “Measurement and disclosure are complicated partially because there isn’t one standardization or framework. Understanding our Scope 3 emissions within our investment portfolio is challenging because we rely either on other companies’ reporting or on estimations.” She makes a valid point—the US Environmental Protection Agency describes 15 categories of Scope 3 emissions, which include emissions both upstream and downstream of an organization’s activities. The Scope 3 emissions for one organization are the Scope 1 and 2 emissions of another organization. That requires a great deal of trust in others’ transparency and honesty, or even their understanding and ability to accurately report. Consider the easy, low-hanging fruit as the first attempts to test the needle’s movement. Standardization of science-based measurement and disclosure, transparency, and proven technology may well be the trifecta that pushes the needle in the direction of tackling the hard changes needed in valid, meaningful ways.

The Inquisitorial Internet, in Copyright Class Struggle: Creative Economies in a Social Media Age (Cambridge University Press, 2018)

This chapter is within Part II of the book, on “IP Liberties,” in which the scope of copyright is the focus. The law generates or reflects a dialectic in which (1) those creating content without access to capital, who apply their labor to what has come before, argue for narrower rights; (2) those who have transitioned to owners of capital in the form of IP assets seek and enjoy broader rights, while strategically exploiting and denying the rights of the creators they imitate; and (3) an accommodation is reached between these ideal types, a peace which is threatened due to licensing and royalty disputes, among others. At stake is literary freedom. What creative liberties may a writer or filmmaker take? Those most at risk of having their labor discounted and their products disqualified in the marketplace, it seems, are authors whose literary freedom is not backed by accumulated capital. This chapter explores whether, in their haste to punish piracy and save jobs, legislators and some judges may be doing away with the public trial and vigorous defense methods that have distinguished the adversarial system. Are Internet services becoming Inquisitors? The Inquisitorial Internet is a concept that borrows a distinction – used in the sociology of law – between Anglo-American systems of justice by “public trial,” which are known as “adversarial” because of the climactic contest of opposing counsel who put one another’s evidence and theories to the test, and European and other civil law systems known as “inquisitorial” because they are based on Roman models of an administrative, bureaucratic investigation by a judge (inquisitor) using an often scanty dossier of evidence. Inquisitiorialism is a method of organizing decision-making power, and the procedures this method uses. It vests a great deal of trust in the police, the prosecutors, and the judiciary, while distrusting the accused and defense counsel in matters of cross-examination of witness testimony, signed confessions, and negotiated verdicts. Trends in copyright law are the focus of the chapter, including the Stop Online Piracy Act, the criminalization of streams of copyrighted works, automated copyright filtering, and censorship of memes, mashups, remixes, and other free speech works. This chapter the contains the following sections: 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Facebook Dead? 6.3. Dedicated to Theft 6.4. Hard Times for a Few Rhymes 6.5. An Inquisitorial Internet and a First Amendment Underclass 6.6. The Law and Economics of Internet Copyright Filtering 6.7. How Many Jobs Has the Internet Killed?

Perceptions of Public and Nonpublic Reporting of Interventional Cardiology Outcomes and Its Impact on Practice: Insights From the Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program.

BackgroundPhysicians have expressed significant mistrust with public reporting of interventional cardiology outcomes. Similar data are not available on alternative reporting structures, including nonpublic quality improvement programs with internally distributed measures of interventional quality. We thus sought to evaluate the perceptions of public and nonpublic reporting of interventional cardiology outcomes and its impact on clinical practice.Methods and ResultsA standardized survey was distributed to 218 interventional cardiologists in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, with responses received from 62 (28%). The majority of respondents (90%) expressed some or a great deal of trust in the analytic methods used to generate reports in a nonpublic quality improvement system within Veterans Affairs, while a minority (35%) expressed similar trust in the analytic methods in a public reporting system that operates outside Veterans Affairs (P<0.001). Similarly, a minority of respondents (44%) felt that in‐hospital and 30‐day mortality accurately reflected interventional quality in a nonpublic quality improvement system, though a smaller proportion of survey participants (15%) felt that the same outcome reflected procedural quality in public reporting systems (P<0.001). Despite these sentiments, the majority of operators did not feel pressured to avoid (82% and 75%; P=0.383) or perform (72% and 63%; P=0.096) high‐risk procedures within or outside Veterans Affairs.ConclusionsInterventional cardiologists express greater trust in analytic methods and clinical outcomes reported in a nonpublic quality improvement program than external public reporting environments. The majority of physicians did not feel pressured to avoid or perform high‐risk procedures, which may improve access to interventional care among high‐risk patients.

The extent to which cancer patients trust in cancer-related online information: a systematic review.

BackgroundThe use of the internet to satisfy information needs is widespread among cancer patients. Patients’ decisions regarding whether to act upon the information they find strongly depend on the trustworthiness of the information and the medium. Patients who are younger, more highly educated and female are more likely to trust online information. The objectives of this systematic review were to examine the extent to which cancer patients trust in cancer-related online information, internet websites as a source of cancer-related information or the internet as a medium of cancer information.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using five databases (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42017070190). Studies of any kind were included if they measured cancer patients’ trust in online health information. Study quality was assessed using the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) item bank. A narrative synthesis was undertaken to examine the included studies.ResultsOf the 7,314 citations obtained by the search, seven cross-sectional studies were included in the synthesis. A total of 1,054 patients reported having some or a great deal of trust in online cancer information; 154 patients reported moderately trusting such information; and 833 patients reported having no or little trust in online cancer information, internet websites as a source of cancer-related information or the internet as a medium of cancer-related information. Two of the seven studies reported between group comparisons for the above-stated patient characteristics. The methodological quality of the included studies was diverse.ConclusionThe results of the included studies indicates that approximately half of cancer patients appear to trust cancer-specific online information, internet websites as a source of cancer-related information or the internet as an information medium. However, the small number of included studies, high heterogeneity of participants, methods and outcomes calls for further systematic research. It is important to understand that cancer patients do and will increasingly use trusted cancer information websites to search for information concerning their disease. Therefore, physicians and other health care providers should provide more support and advice to these patients.

Technocracy in Paradise: Assessing the Social Impact of Public Procurement in the Cayman Islands via Public Sector Interviews

ABSTRACTIn May 2018, the Cayman Islands (Cayman) set up a framework for public procurement, regulating public purchases with the private sector for the first time. One year on, this article critically explores the social impact of public procurement in Cayman’s public sector through interviews with the Governor of the Cayman Islands and other leading public-sector figures. It is argued that public procurement should improve the country’s financial probity, underpin future infrastructure and unlock local markets. However, cultural constraints limit the role that procurement can play. First, the system of laws is still developing and current practice has uncovered the need for a number of amendments. Second, a great deal of trust is being put in an untested public-private partnership model with no prior experience. Third, local preferences limiting international competition are being encouraged in contract awards. The article intertwines scholarly literature and empirical data from the interviews to identify Cayman’s impending social challenges and the extent to which they can be overcome using procurement.

Tackling antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals

Tackling antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals

Journalists for a Young Democracy

Bhutan, a democracy since 2008 and one of the world's youngest, has transitioned from an absolute to a constitutional monarchy in an orderly fashion rarely seen. A free media, carried by skilled and responsible journalists, is part of that design but difficult to plan. This first comprehensive survey of Bhutan's journalists identifies some of the problems encountered in making journalism a profession that has taken root. Yet the survey results reveal none the less a broad understanding of the role the media are expected to play in a democracy, and a great deal of trust in the new political institutions.

Communication Commentary: Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: From Compulsions to Communication: Forming a Therapeutic Alliance With Individuals Diagnosed With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Communication Commentary: Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: From Compulsions to Communication: Forming a Therapeutic Alliance With Individuals Diagnosed With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

The core biopsy: an unexpected journey

Think of a pathology specimen as your suitcase. When we check into a flight, that suitcase needs to be identified and tagged in a way to allow it to follow you across the world to your final destination. It passes through many checkpoints, conveyor belts and holds, and we trust that this will happen, but sometimes the process fails. A pathology specimen also has a long journey through the test cycle in an anatomical pathology lab, passing from bench to bench, hand to hand through many stages, and a great deal of trust is placed in the process by the patient and clinician, but this process can also fail. Understandably an error in tracking suitcases, although irritating, is often not as life changing as an error in a pathology lab, but in both instances, the start of the chain is often the most pivotal, with appropriate checkpoints also in place along the way. There has been a significant number of reports in recent times highlighting poor clinical outcomes as a result of pre-analytical errors within pathology labs. This has prompted us to review our practice. We have implemented a number of strategies to limit errors in relation to the processing of core biopsy specimens. We would like to share our experiences and engage other labs to come together to further improve patient safety.

Ethical aspects for the rules and procedures for issuing medical certificates

Writing a medical certificate can be a complicated part of medical practice. A doctor is expected to sign a variety of medical certificates that range in purpose from confirming sickness to certifying death. Medical certificates are legal documents based on clear and relevant evidence and should be written promptly, honestly, accurately, and objectively. Medical certificates may have financial implications for the patient or recipient through benefits, employment, or compensation payments, and a failure to complete a certificate appropriately may have a negative impact on the patient, the patient’s family, or the receiving organization. For example, a doctor who certifies a patient to undertake work when he or she is unfit may place the patient or the patient’s colleagues or the organization at risk. Society places a great deal of trust in doctors. This article attempts to propose ethical considerations based on the findings of two guides: the “Guide for writing medical certificates” prepared by the Korean Medical Association and the “Statement on medical certification” prepared by the Medical Council of New Zealand. The authors discuss some suggestions for guidance in medical certification to protect each individual involved and to promote good medical practice. The structured step table and self-check list provided may be of assistance.

Cancer patient perceptions on the ethical and legal issues related to biobanking

BackgroundUnderstanding the perception of patients on research ethics issues related to biobanking is important to enrich ethical discourse and help inform policy.MethodsWe examined the views of leukemia patients undergoing treatment in clinics located in the Princess Margaret Hospital in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. An initial written survey was provided to 100 patients (64.1% response rate) followed by a follow-up survey (62.5% response rate) covering the topics of informed consent, withdrawal, anonymity, incidental findings and the return of results, ownership, and trust.ResultsThe majority (59.6%) preferred one-time consent, 30.3% desired a tiered consent approach that provides multiple options, and 10.1% preferred re-consent for future research. When asked different questions on re-consent, most (58%) reported that re-consent was a waste of time and money, but 51.7% indicated they would feel respected and involved if asked to re-consent. The majority of patients (62.2%) stated they had a right to withdraw their consent, but many changed their mind in the follow-up survey explaining that they should not have the right to withdraw consent. Nearly all of the patients (98%) desired being informed of incidental health findings and explained that the information was useful. Of these, 67.3% of patients preferred that researchers inform them and their doctors of the results. The majority of patients (62.2%) stated that the research institution owns the samples whereas 19.4% stated that the participants owned their samples. Patients had a great deal of trust in doctors, hospitals and government-funded university researchers, moderate levels of trust for provincial governments and industry-funded university researchers, and low levels of trust towards industry and insurance companies.ConclusionsMany cancer patients surveyed preferred a one-time consent although others desired some form of control. The majority of participants wanted a continuing right to withdraw consent and nearly all wanted to be informed of incidental findings related to their health. Patients had a great deal of trust in their medical professionals and publically-funded researchers as opposed to profit-based industries and insurance companies.

Leading an International Nursing Partnership

This article describes an international partnership between a US university in San Francisco, California, and a nursing school in Hanoi, Vietnam. The focus of the project is nursing education and practice. All successful partnerships require a great deal of trust, care, nurturing, and determination. However, regardless of the resources available, the first order of business must be to build trust and confidence between the players.

Betrayals of Therapist Trust: Lessons from the Field

This article explores violations of therapist trust in the practice of psychotherapy and how they can be understood from an experiential personal construct psychology (EPCP) perspective. Case examples are used to highlight the ways in which therapists, sometimes naïvely or unknowingly, place a great deal of trust in clients, and thus are vulnerable to injury. The examples also demonstrate how EPCP can be a powerful perspective from which to anticipate potential injuries, as well as to understand and heal from them. Based on the lessons learned from these examples, suggestions for clinical training are offered.

Back to the Ice Age? The Roman Catholic Church and Judaism

Until well into the twentieth century, Jews and Christians had no mutual basis for discourse. The Christian–Jewish dialogue and the rapprochement between the Holy See and the State of Israel are owed in essence to feelings of shame regarding the Shoah. The Second Vatican Council and the pontificate of John Paul II signified substantial breakthroughs. Since then, though, the sense of guilt has eased, and the Roman Catholic Church's awareness of the injustice of its role as fellow traveller to, and henchman of, the Third Reich has diminished. Under the current Pope, Benedict XVI, the relationship between Jews and Catholics has noticeably deteriorated. After five years of his pontificate, Joseph Ratzinger has lost a great deal of trust, and not only among Jews.

New approaches to gun violence

Abstract The tragic shooting of Rhys Jones in Liverpool and the subsequent police investigation have, once again, brought a number of important aspects about British gun crime to the fore. One recurring issue has been the apparent reluctance of witnesses to come forwards. Fear of reprisals is often cited as a reason for this, although it is too often overlooked that the communities wracked by gun crime are often those with the least satisfactory experiences of policing and the least likely to have a great deal of trust and confidence in the police. It has also long been acknowledged that the fullest evidence of criminal wrongdoing is likely to be obtained from those closest to it, and this also poses particular problems when trying to address the issues arising.

An Exploration of Successful Copreneurial Relationships Postdivorce

It is a commonly held belief that divorce “kills” the family business, especially when copreneurs divorce or separate. Yet there are examples of copreneurs who have successfully continued to work together postdivorce. However, to date, there have been no studies or theories developed regarding successful, postdivorce copreneurs. This grounded theory study examines successful postdivorce copreneurs and proposes a model that can help advisors navigate the many potential pitfalls a divorcing couple can experience. This study finds that copreneurs who have a great deal of trust in one another can continue to work together postdivorce. Emotional connection, compartmentalization, synergy, commitment to the business, and positive gender issues also contribute to the success of the business and the business relationship.

Attitudes, understanding, and concerns regarding medical research amongst Egyptians: a qualitative pilot study.

BackgroundMedical research must involve the participation of human subjects. Knowledge of patients' perspectives and concerns with their involvement in research would enhance recruitment efforts, improve the informed consent process, and enhance the overall trust between patients and investigators. Several studies have examined the views of patients from Western countries. There is limited empirical research involving the perspectives of individuals from developing countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes of Egyptian individuals toward medical research. Such information would help clarify the type and extent of concerns regarding research participation of individuals from cultural, economic, and political backgrounds that differ from those in developed countries.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 Egyptian individuals recruited from the outpatient settings (public and private) at Ain Shams University in Cairo, Egypt. Interviews were taped, transcribed, and translated. Thematic analysis followed.ResultsAll individuals valued the importance of medical research; however most would not participate in research that involved more than minimal risk. Individuals were comfortable with studies involving surveys and blood sampling, but many viewed drug trials as being too risky. All participants valued the concept of informed consent, as they thought that their permission to be in a research study was paramount. Many participants had discomfort with or difficulty in the understanding several research concepts: randomization, double-blind, and clinical equipoise. Trust in the physicians performing research was important in deciding to participate in clinical research. The small sample size and the selection bias associated with obtaining information from only those who agreed to participate in a research study represent limitations in this study.ConclusionOverall, individuals in our sample recognize the value of medical research and have a great deal of trust regarding medical research and their participation in research. There were, however, concerns with the level of research risks associated with several types of medical research. Many also demonstrated confusion with certain research methodologies. We recommend 1) enhanced educational efforts regarding general research concepts to enhance the validity of informed consent and 2) further survey studies in other areas of Egypt to determine the generalizability of our results.