Great Deal Of Control Research Articles

Psychological hardness and its relationship to the achievement of people with disabilities to lift weights for the youth group


 The psychological problems that an athlete is exposed to during training and competition are very many, which can negatively affect his behavior. Psychological hardness is the basic element in the process of sports achievement. Therefore, workers in the fields of physical education and sports sciences must benefit from all the influences that affect human behavior. And the degree of its severity so that we can find appropriate solutions to it, and the mental hardness variable is one of the psychological variables that contribute to the individual's ability to confront the most positive pressures, solve them and prevent future difficulties, as it is a general characteristic of the personality that works on forming and developing the environmental experiences surrounding the individual since childhood. The sports field is considered a fertile source for the growth of the dimensions of mental toughness through the performance of many tasks and duties that require the training requirements to be carried out and which need a great deal of control over things. It is worth noting that the dimensions of psychological hardness we find in a state of continuous growth with age, and the entry of individuals into Continuously rich and varied life experiences help the growth of these dimensions, as the weightlifting game for people with disabilities is a game It has a special character that needs a high concentration because of its danger during the lifting process, as well as the performance requires a strong focus and high psychological toughness for the stability of performance and achievement of it. Hence the importance of research in investigation and identification of the effect of psychological toughness on weightlifting lifters and its effect on achievement. The research problem, therefore, the researcher decided to study the psychological rigidity of the young weightlifting quartet and to show the extent of his influence. Identify the level of psychological hardness and its relationship to achievement. The researcher used the descriptive approach in a survey style, and the sample was two quarter-fourths for the national team, with 8 quadrants. The survey experiment was conducted on 4 quadrants, and the main experiment was conducted on 8 quadrants. As for the fourth chapter, the
 

High performance and high yield sub-240 nm AlN:GaN short period superlattice LEDs grown by MBE on 6 in. sapphire substrates

We develop ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes (LEDs) that operate in the sub-240 nm (far UVC) regime. The traditional limitations of high Al content AlGaN—the low light extraction efficiency due to transverse magnetic polarization and the poor doping efficiency—were overcome by using AlN:GaN short period superlattices (SPSLs) of varying compositions throughout almost the entire device structure. The quality of our molecular beam epitaxy process for growing SPSL devices was verified via transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction—together, these demonstrate our capacity for growing high quality interfaces with a great deal of control over the thicknesses of each individual layer. Resistivity measurements of our SPSL were three times smaller than bulk AlGaN of similar composition due to the improved doping efficiency. Devices fabricated on 6 in. sapphire substrates showed uniform performance, leading to over 10 000 functional devices per wafer. Packaged diodes exhibited a peak wall plug efficiency of 0.55% and an output power of 1.7 mW when operated at peak efficiency. The devices had an operating life (70% initial power) of 2800 h (at 20 mA continuous wave). Additionally, they could be driven as high as 1 A, which resulted in a record for radiant flux of a far UVC LED grown on sapphire (17.4 mW).

Shared Surfaces and Spaces: Collaborative Data Visualisation in a Co-located Immersive Environment.

Immersive technologies offer new opportunities to support collaborative visual data analysis by providing each collaborator a personal, high-resolution view of a flexible shared visualisation space through a head mounted display. However, most prior studies of collaborative immersive analytics have focused on how groups interact with surface interfaces such as tabletops and wall displays. This paper reports on a study in which teams of three co-located participants are given flexible visualisation authoring tools to allow a great deal of control in how they structure their shared workspace. They do so using a prototype system we call FIESTA: the Free-roaming Immersive Environment to Support Team-based Analysis. Unlike traditional visualisation tools, FIESTA allows users to freely position authoring interfaces and visualisation artefacts anywhere in the virtual environment, either on virtual surfaces or suspended within the interaction space. Our participants solved visual analytics tasks on a multivariate data set, doing so individually and collaboratively by creating a large number of 2D and 3D visualisations. Their behaviours suggest that the usage of surfaces is coupled with the type of visualisation used, often using walls to organise 2D visualisations, but positioning 3D visualisations in the space around them. Outside of tightly-coupled collaboration, participants followed social protocols and did not interact with visualisations that did not belong to them even if outside of its owner's personal workspace.

Federal Public Access Policy: A Breach of the First Amendment Rights of Scientists

Federal public access policy requires recipients of federal research grants to place copies of scientific articles they publish based on the awards in a federal repository. Publishers hold the copyrights to these articles, and not all of them permit authors to comply with the policy. This article argues that public access policy infringes on the First Amendment rights of scientist-authors. The Supreme Court of the United States has held that it is the author’s right to choose where, when and whether to publish. Choice of publication venue is critical to authors, who retain creative and economic interests in their work, even when they transfer copyright. Scientist-authors generally seek to publish in prestigious journals that will lead to promotions and extramural funding. The federal government already exerts a great deal of control over the research it funds and must stay out of the author-publisher relationship.

Optimizing library's organizational climate through improvement of the weak scales identified by ClimateQUAL™ surveys: A case study of Nanjing Agricultural University Library

Nanjing Agricultural University Library (NAU Library) performed an organizational climate assessment in 2011 with a revised ClimateQUAL™ scales and implemented some measures to optimize the weak areas identified. The second and third rounds of assessment were carried out in 2014 and in 2017 to examine the effects of such optimization measures. The results showed the scores increased overall. Data from the three rounds of assessments revealed that team work was markedly improved. Interpersonal conflict and task conflict decreased in the work place. However, the pattern of all the scales kept almost the same. Justice, Deep Diversity, Continual Learning, Stimulate & Competition, Organizational Commitment and Psychological Empowerment in the Workplace are in the bottoms of the curves of the survey results of 2011 and 2017. Librarians thought they were qualified for the job but they did not have a large impact on or a great deal of control over what happens in the library. Innate problems that influence the library climate have not been solved yet. Such issues need to be addressed at a societal level before changes are seen at an organizational level.

Copper-Coupled Electron Transfer in Colloidal Plasmonic Copper-Sulfide Nanocrystals Probed by in Situ Spectroelectrochemistry.

Copper-sulfide nanocrystals can accommodate considerable densities of delocalized valence-band holes, introducing localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) attractive for infrared plasmonic applications. Chemical control over nanocrystal shape, composition, and charge-carrier densities further broadens their scope of potential properties and applications. Although a great deal of control over LSPRs in these materials has been demonstrated, structural complexities have inhibited detailed descriptions of the microscopic chemical processes that transform them from nearly intrinsic to degenerately doped semiconductors. A comprehensive understanding of these transformations will facilitate use of these materials in emerging technologies. Here, we apply spectroelectrochemical potentiometry as a quantitative in situ probe of copper-sulfide nanocrystal Fermi-level energies ( EF) during redox reactions that switch their LSPR bands on and off. We demonstrate spectroscopically indistinguishable LSPR bands in low-chalcocite copper-sulfide nanocrystals with and without lattice cation vacancies and show that cation vacancies are much more effective than surface anions at stabilizing excess free carriers. The appearance of the LSPR band, the shift in EF, and the change in crystal structure upon nanocrystal oxidation are all fully reversible upon addition of outer-sphere reductants. These measurements further allow quantitative comparison of the coupled and stepwise oxidation/cation-vacancy-formation reactions associated with LSPRs in copper-sulfide nanocrystals, highlighting fundamental thermodynamic considerations relevant to technologies that rely on reversible or low-driving-force plasmon generation in semiconductor nanostructures.

Mutual Shaping of a CMS for Social Journalism in a Hierarchical News Organization

This article presents a case study of a news organization examined when it was introducing a proprietary content management system (CMS) for social journalism. The CMS enables users to publish, form groups, and follow one another to create personalized local health news feeds. Applying the mutual shaping of technology (MST) construct in analysis organized according to the hierarchy of influences model, this article examines how the CMS influenced the news organization and vice versa. Even in an organization with a great deal of control over a small innovation, the predominant perception was that the CMS was a technological incursion rather than a tool to be molded. Instead of asserting professional norms over the technology as social shapers, journalists focused on managing changes in routines and organizational structures and on managing perceptions about the “experiment.” The project has stagnated. This article discusses why, and it addresses the usefulness of the MST construct for examining innovation iterations in news organizations.

Allyson Nadia Field, Uplift Cinema: The Emergence of African American Film and the Possibility of Black Modernity

Reviewed by: Uplift Cinema: The Emergence of African American Film and the Possibility of Black Modernity by Allyson Nadia Field Julie Lavelle Allyson Nadia Field, Uplift Cinema: The Emergence of African American Film and the Possibility of Black Modernity Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2015 In her ambitious book, Uplift Cinema: The Emergence of African American Film and the Possibility of Black Modernity, Allyson Nadia Field makes an important contribution to film history, broadly speaking, as well as to the growing scholarship on African American film culture in the early twentieth century. Field’s exacting primary research expands the historical record in several directions by both deepening our understanding of the role of media in the social and political movement of racial uplift, and by revising the standard periodization of “race film” to account for African American filmmaking practices prior to 1915. In a 2013 report from the Library of Congress, historian David Pierce estimates that 70 percent of American films made [End Page 242] between 1912 and 1930 are permanently lost. For the period prior to 1912 the number is even higher. Field notes that there are no extant prints of uplift cinema. Her work tackles one of the central methodological questions facing silent film historians: how do we write film history without films? One response to this question has been to center the films that remain. In terms of the history of African American filmmaking, this has privileged race films: narrative films produced by African American filmmakers in the late 1910s and 1920s. Film historians have largely interpreted race films as emerging out of the controversy surrounding D. W. Griffith’s racist representation of African Americans in Birth of a Nation (1915). Another approach to this methodological question is most clearly articulated by Eric Smoodin, who claims that shifting attention away from the text is where the field is (and should be) headed; according to him we should take André Bazin’s concept “What is cinema?” and rework it, posing instead, “What is cinema culture?” Allyson Nadia Field intervenes to challenge both of these methodologies. She turns her attention to the years prior to 1915, when the earliest efforts at black film production emerged out of Tuskegee, the Hampton Institute, and the larger social and civic project of race uplift. For Field, race film begins prior to 1915, includes a wide variety of genres, and engages in various ways with uplift. In addition, Field refuses to sideline the film texts, and instead develops a framework for performing textual analysis and ideological criticism by excavating an impressive array of sources adjacent to uplift cinema. Working with novels, publicity, and promotional materials, postcards, photographs, newspaper editorials, trade reviews, and internal institutional documents, Field reconstructs the earliest years of African American film production in the United States. Field provides background on the uplift movement and its development in the South, primarily by analyzing materials from Tuskegee and the Hampton Institute. She locates and defines a set of aesthetic strategies employed in uplift media that highlighted the positive contributions of successful African American graduates of these institutes, while nevertheless foregrounding the constant threat of failure. She explores the production of films made to publicize the Tuskegee-Hampton ideal by George Broome (A Trip to Tuskegee, 1910), Louis B. Anderson (A Day at Tuskegee, 1913), and Leigh Richmond Miner (Making Negro Lives Count, 1914). Particularly fascinating is the chapter on The New Era, a repurposed version of Miner’s Making Negro Lives Count that was appended to the end of The Birth of a Nation during its exhibition in the mid-1910s. She ends the book with a chapter dedicated to African American entrepreneurs William Foster, Peter J. Jones, and Hunter C. Haynes. [End Page 243] Field selects these films and filmmakers for closer analysis in order to demonstrate the diverse use of the films for promotional, educational, and entertainment purposes. She demonstrates effectively the critical role that exhibition played in shaping meaning, and the ways that the ideology of uplift might have been understood differently in different contexts and by different audiences. Exhibition practices at this time were incredibly varied, and a great deal of control was in the hands of local...

The Ethics of Teachers’ Practices During Evaluations at University Level: The Case of the University of Maroua

University is more and more faced with the question of ethics these days, especially with regard to student assessment. Some deontologically reprehensible teachers’ practices seem to persist in a setting where the student is in a weak position in the face of a lecturer with a great deal of control and a great capacity for harm. This paper examines the ethics of teachers’ practices during students’ evaluation from a systemic perspective through strategic analysis. Such practices include mark-buying, sexual harassment, and unfair subtraction of marks. The main question in this work is what can explain the persistence of this plight. The data collection process involved the interview of twenty (20) informants, comprising students’ representatives and victims, and personal observations. After having taken stock of the most reported breaches from some lecturers at the University of Maroua, Cameroon, the work scrutinises the reason for their recurrence from three main points: impunity due to the poor application of regulatory provisions, the absence of a moral code in the recruitment procedure of lecturers, and the lecturer’s freedom of impression.

Design of polarization-dependent, flexural–torsional deformation in photo responsive liquid crystalline polymer networks

Light responsive materials that exhibit wirelessly actuated, multidimensional deformation are excellent candidates for programmable matter applications such as morphing structures or soft robotics. A central challenge to designing adaptive structures from these materials is the ability accurately predict three dimensional deformations. Previous modeling efforts have focused almost exclusively on pure bending. Herein we examine key material parameters affecting light driven flexural-torsional response in azobenzene functionalized liquid crystal polymer networks. We show that a great deal of control can be obtained by specifying material alignment and actuating the material with polarized light. Insight gained from the theoretical framework here lays the foundation for more extensive modeling efforts to combine polarization controlled flexural-torsional deformations with complex geometry, boundary conditions, and loading conditions.

Preterm nutrition and the brain.

The brain is the most highly metabolic organ in the preterm neonate and consumes the greatest amount of nutrient resources for its function and growth. As preterm infants survive at greater rates, neurodevelopment has become the primary morbidity outcome of interest. While many factors influence neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants, nutrition is of particular importance because the healthcare team has a great deal of control over its provision. Studies over the past 30 years have emphasized the negative neurodevelopmental consequences of poor nutrition and growth in the preterm infant. While all nutrients are important for brain development, certain ones including glucose, protein, fats (including long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids), iron, zinc, copper, iodine, folate and choline have particularly large roles in the preterm infant. They affect major brain processes such as neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, myelination and synaptogenesis, all of which are proceeding at a rapid pace between 22 and 42 weeks' post-conception. At the macronutrient level, weight gain, linear growth (independent of weight gain) and head circumference growth are markers of nutritional status. Each has been associated with long-term neurodevelopment. The relationship of micronutrients to neurodevelopment in preterm infants is understudied in spite of the large effect these nutrients have in other young populations. Nutrients do not function alone to stimulate brain development, but rather in concert with growth factors, which in turn are dependent on adequate nutrient status (e.g. protein, zinc) as well as on physiologic status. Non-nutritional factors such as infection, corticosteroids, and inflammation alter how nutrients are accreted and distributed, and also suppress growth factor synthesis. Thus, nutritional strategies to optimize brain growth and development include assessment of status at birth, aggressive provision of nutrients that are critical in this time period, control of non-nutritional factors that impede brain growth and repletion of nutrient deficits.

Digital Business Strategy and Value Creation: Framing the Dynamic Cycle of Control Points

Within changing value networks, the profits and competitive advantages of participation reside dynamically at control points that are the positions of greatest value and/or power. The enterprises that hold these positions have a great deal of control over how the network operates, how the benefits are redistributed, and how this influences the execution of a digital business strategy. This article is based on a field study that provides preliminary, yet promising, empirical evidence that sheds light on the dynamic cycle of value creation and value capture points in digitally enabled networks in response to triggers related to technology and business strategy. The context used is that of the European and U.S. broadcasting industry. Specifically, the paper illustrates how incremental innovations may shift value networks from static, vertically integrated networks to more loosely coupled networks, and how cross-boundary industry disruptions may then, in turn, shift those to two-sided markets. Based on the analysis, insights and implications for digital business strategy research and practice are then provided.

Dorothy L. Sayers, the Great War, and Shell Shock

Dorothy L. Sayers, the Great War, and Shell Shock

Keeping the illusion of control under control: Ceilings, floors, and imperfect calibration

Prior research has claimed that people exaggerate probabilities of success by overestimating personal control in situations that are heavily or completely chance-determined. We examine whether such overestimation of control persists in situations where people do have control. Our results suggest a simple model that accounts for prior findings on illusory control as well as for situations where actual control is high: People make imperfect estimates of their level of control. By focusing on situations marked by low control, prior research has created the illusion that people generally overestimate their level of control. Across three studies, we show that when they have a great deal of control, people under-estimate it. Implications for research on perceived control and co-variation assessment are discussed.

Deprivation of liberty safeguards

Midwives will occasionally have to care for women who lack decision making capacity because of a mental health problem or severe learning disability. To protect such women from harm it may be necessary to deprive them of their liberty by subjecting them to a great deal of control and supervision and prevent them from leaving the maternity unit. For example, in Norfolk and Norwich Healthcare NHS Trust v W [1997] a woman with a history of mental health problems arrived at hospital ready to deliver her baby but in a state of arrested labour and denying that she was pregnant. She would not consent to the caesarean that was urgently needed. Treatment was authorized because W lacked the capacity to make the decision.

A report card on learner autonomy in science investigations

This paper reports on the autonomy Grade 9 learners (13–14 years) are given when doing science investigations. The study adopted a mixed methodology research design which involved the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were collected by means of questionnaires which were administered to 55 teachers. Qualitative data were collected by means of teacher interviews. The general trends that were quantitatively established were validated and explicated by the qualitative analysis. A finding of the study was that at schools where science investigations are taking place, learners have varying degrees of autonomy across the different stages of the investigation. In general, autonomy increases from little autonomy at the initial stage when formulating the investigation question to significant autonomy in drawing conclusions. In terms of the classification framework described in the paper, investigations which are taking place are largely structured investigations where the teacher exercises a great deal of control over the stages of the investigation. The findings also explain why teachers choose structured investigations for their learners.

Minireview: From molecular nanowires to molecular nanocables: Synthetic strategies and conducting properties

Abstract Whether nanosciences or real life, a straight line is usually the fastest way from point A to point B. If linearity is very frequent among inorganic scaffolds due to the crystalline character of the structures employed, the linearity in organic materials is significantly more difficult to control. An intermediate situation is found in the case of carbon nanotubes which can be grown in mats with a great deal of control over their orientation and size. The scope of this review is to provide, through selected examples, a general overview of the strategies available to obtain organic linear structures with interesting electronic properties. When available for the examples provided, physical data related to the electronic properties will be examined to outline the limitations expected in the case of organic nanowires and nanocables. Although these materials will hardly compete with inorganic solids, they still have a bright future complementary to the inorganic approach, and because of their production via soft chemical synthesis.

Pujol y la construcción de un espacio catalán de comunicación Interacciones entre instituciones políticas y empresas mediáticas (1980-2003)

This article analyses Jordi Pujol’s effort to build up a ‘Catalan communicative space’, essentially inspired, from the beginning of the 80s, by the so-called ‘Catalan School of Communication’. This theoretical influence has been critical (as well as infrequent in the field of social communication) to understand the interactions between the political and the media powers in Catalonia in the last quarter of the 20th century. Pujol has been a suitable charismatic leader prompt to carry out a clear protectionist policy of Catalan culture and language to counteract the Spanish interests, by maintaining a too tight relationship between the Catalan government and the Catalan media actors. Sometimes, this fact led him to exert a great deal of control or ideological interference, producing as a result a docile and acritical media system in respect of the Government of the Generalitat

Elderly Are Less Likely to Report Chronic Pain

Elderly Are Less Likely to Report Chronic Pain

‘Property Talk’ and the Revival of Blackstonian Copyright

‘Property Talk’ and the Revival of Blackstonian Copyright