Gray Color Research Articles

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PHOSPHOGYPSUM AND TRENDS ITS UTILIZATION

Phosphogypsum is a waste obtained by binding calcium in the process of sulfuric acid decomposition of phosphate raw materials in the production of phosphorus fertilizers. The article presents the results of complex laboratory studies of more than 500 samples of calcium sulfate hemihydrate and dihydrate. Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) is a solid fine-crystalline substance of white or gray color with the inclusion of large aggregates. Deformability, strength properties and permeability of calcium sulfate dihydrate were determined on specially prepared samples with a relative compaction of 0.95; 0.90 and 0.80 by the methods used in engineering and geological surveys. The internal friction angle, cohesion and coefficient of permeability have values typical for silty sands and sandy loam, and the compressibility characteristics are significantly lower due to the solubility of matter. This material is characterized by subsidence and suffusion sediment characteristic of carbonate rocks (dolomite, limestone). Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO4·0.5H2O) - a loose earthy mass of white or gray color, as the process of hydration and the appearance of cementation bonds turns into a semi-rocky technogenic soil of low strength. The characteristics of calcium sulfate hemihydrate were determined on the undisturbed samples taken from the dump after 1 and 6 months, 1, 5 and 10 years after storage. These characteristics are comparable to construction gypsum materials from lower grades. It is recommended to use calcium sulfate dihydrate as ground material when carrying out water-protective measures and neutralizing the acids contained in it, the use of calcium sulfate hemihydrate is significantly limited by its setting time.

The Guinardera quarry (Sant Martí de Tous, Barcelona): A new chert exploitation location during historical times

In 2014, an anthropic accumulation of chert material was discovered in La Guinardera area, at the southwest of the Sant Martí de Tous town (Barcelona, NE Iberian Peninsula). In 2018 a first archaeological intervention was carried out in two locations: La Guinardera and La Guinardera Nord. After the fieldworks, these two accumulations were interpreted as chert workshops. These workshops are in the St. Genís Formation, included within La Noguera lacustrine system and dated to the Priabonian age (upper Eocene). The St. Martí de Tous area presents shallow lacustrine conditions typical of sabkha environments, in which layers of gypsums and sandy lutites are interspersed with tabular red sandstone levels, yielding different varieties of chert.
 The Guinardera chert is characterized by a fairly homogeneous matrix, presenting a fine texture, with a microcrystalline and spherulitic length-slow chalcedony matrix, and a combination of grey colours, in general of dark hues, with an opaque diaphaneity but translucent at the edges.
 The archaeological assemblage from La Guinardera Nord site allows us to identify a chert workshop for the production of gunflints. The heterogeneity of the assemblage at La Guinardera site precludes assigning it to any single chrono-cultural period or function.
 The technological characterization of La Guinardera Nord site reveals distinctive attributes of a gunflint workshop that can be differentiated from prehistoric workshops. The presence of square and thick preforms, oxide traces on butts and ventral faces, marked bulbs and thick platforms, together with fresh edges on flakes and blades and the near-absence of patinated materials, corroborate it.
 The presence of these two deposits within the above-mentioned formation shows us a repeated landscape exploitation pattern for raw material extraction, since references chert use range from the Middle Palaeolithic (e.g., Abric Romaní) to historical times (e.g., La Guinardera Nord).

Defective Grey TiO2 with Minuscule Anatase–Rutile Heterophase Junctions for Hydroxyl Radicals Formation in a Visible Light-Triggered Photocatalysis

The novelty of this work was to prepare a series of defect-rich colored TiO2 nanostructures, using a peroxo solvothermal-assisted, high-pressure nitrogenation method. Among these solids, certain TiO2 materials possessed a trace quantity of anatase–rutile heterojunctions, which are beneficial in obtaining high reaction rates in photocatalytic reactions. In addition, high surface area (above 100 m2/g), even when utilizing a high calcination temperature (500 °C), and absorption of light at higher wavelengths, due to the grey color of the synthesized titania, were observed as an added advantage for photocatalytic hydroxyl radical formation. In this work, we adopted a photoluminescent probe method to monitor the temporal evolution of hydroxyl radicals. As a result, promising hydroxyl radical formations were observed for all the colored samples synthesized at 400 and 500 °C, irrespective of the duration of calcination.

Features of metal structures digital images containing carbides investigation

The analysis of microsections requires the involvement of highly qualified experts in the field of materials science, which, in turn, does not exclude the influence of the "human factor". On the other hand, the issues of increasing the objectivity of identifying the properties of metals and alloys require the use of modern data processing methods, for example, artificial intelligence in solving problems of classification and identification of macro and micro structures.The paper presents an overview of studying macro and micro structures containing carbides process, determining the specific features inherent in these images, and proposing an information model for their processing. The article is devoted to the development of an information model intended for the analysis of metal structures digital images with carbide inclusions. The analysis of literary sources is carried out, it is established that the study of metal structures is an important tool for assessing qualitative characteristics. The presence of carbides in the metal structure has a significant impact on its quality. A review of the methodology for studying the structure of a metal is given, and the importance of metal structures image processing stage is determined. The main methods for obtaining digital images of the alloy structure are described. Samples of metal structures with carbides are presented. A procedure for digital processing of metal structures images with kibide inclusions is proposed, which consists of image conversion to grayscale, contrasting, and threshold binarization. An analysis of the results of metal structures processing images made it possible to identify areas with carbide inclusions, however, additional artifacts that were not carbides were found in some images. Balancing by the binarization threshold in this case does not improve the detection of carbide inclusions network due to the lack of contrast. Histograms demonstrate the presence of information features in a wide range of gray colors, so for this class of images, more sophisticated image processing technologies need to be developed. In the course of digital images features study of metals and alloys metal structures containing carbides, it was: an information model for processing metal structures containing carbide inclusions is proposed; the proposed information model is applied to digital images of metal structures; it was found that some images of metal structures are characterized by low contrast, which leads to the selection of background artifacts, except for areas with carbide inclusions; the development of complex mathematical methods for the detection of carbide inclusions in images of metal structures characterized by low contrast is proposed. Thus, the article shows the results of carbide inclusions of the using the digital image processing procedure. The advantages and disadvantages of the approach are shown, the directions for its improvement are determined.

The effect of lesser yam tuber flour (Dioscorea esculenta) and cooking methods on meat analogue chemical and textural properties

The addition of carbohydrates on gluten meat analogue has the potency to improve texture, such as lesser yam flour. It can be processed by steaming and baking. This study aimed to determine, analyze, evaluate the effect of cooking methods (steaming and baking) and substitution of lesser yam tuber flour (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) on the texture of meat analogue and chemical properties only for the best meat analogue. This study used Randomized Block Design, Nested Design of 3 replications with 2 factors, levels of lesser yam tuber flour nested in cooking methods. The texture of meat analogue was compared to beef texture. The results showed that the cooking method affected hardness and cohesiveness significantly. The substitution of lesser yam tuber flour significantly affected hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewability. The best steamed meat analogue was at 5% substitution level of lesser yam tuber flour, contain of 49.79% moisture content, 28.39% protein, 17.04% carbohydrates, 2.57% ash, 2.21% fat and red grayish color. The best baked meat analogue was at 0% substitution level of lesser yam tuber flour, contain of 48.64% moisture content, 29.87% protein, 16.89% carbohydrates, 2.60% ash, 2.00% fat and red grayish color. The steamed meat analogue was more similar to beef, than the baked meat analogue. This production of a meat analogue would be suitable as a simple household-scale meat substituent.

백내장 시각적 특성을 고려한 지하철 공공사인의 컬러유니버설디자인 현황분석 - 중국 청두와 충칭을 대상으로

For most cities in China, there is no sign color guideline of public spaces for aging cataract user. However, the color of public sign design considering the increasing number of elderly people is important in creating a pleasant mobile environment for users. Based on the universal design, this research explored the visual characteristics, and conducted field investigation and analysis of the major subway transfer stations such as Chengdu and Chongqing, which are representative cities in southwestern China. And this paper is to provide suggestion for the improvement methods of sign color guideline on the city’s public spaces. According to the visual characteristics of cataract and the requirements of general design, the Munsell color system was directly used to measure the color of Chengdu and Chongqing subway stations. Taking the difference in brightness between adjacent colors in the readability difference of 6 and above as the standard, this study found that Chengdu accounts for 5% of the total, and Chongqing accounts for 46%, which is significantly higher than Chengdu. According to the color readability of the adjacent color senile cataract as the standard of contrast color, the survey results show that the image color and background color of Chengdu and Chongqing are all black, white, gray and other colors. There is no contrast between colors, but gray contrast with other colors as well as the contrast between black and white. Based on the survey and analysis of representative subway station in china cities, we suggest the sign color guide of public space for aging cataract user.

Application of HPTLC Multiwavelength Imaging and Color Scale Fingerprinting Approach Combined with Multivariate Chemometric Methods for Medicinal Plant Clustering According to Their Species.

In the current study, multiwavelength detection combined with color scales HPTLC fingerprinting procedure and chemometric approach were applied for direct clustering of a set of medicinal plants with different geographical growing areas. The fingerprints profiles of the hydroalcoholic extracts obtained after single and double development and detection under 254 nm and 365 nm, before and after selective spraying with specific derivatization reagents were evaluated by chemometric approaches. Principal component analysis (PCA) with factor analysis (FA) methods were used to reveal the contribution of red (R), green (G), blue (B) and, respectively, gray (K) color scale fingerprints to HPTLC classification of the analyzed samples. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to classify the medicinal plants based on measure of similarity of color scale fingerprint patterns. The 1-Pearson distance measurement with Ward’s amalgamation procedure proved to be the most convenient approach for the correct clustering of samples. Data from color scale fingerprints obtained for double development procedure and multiple visualization modes combined with appropriate chemometric methods proved to detect the similar medicinal plant extracts even though they are from different geographical regions, have different storage conditions and no specific markers are individually extracted. This approach could be proposed as a promising tool for authentication and identification studies of plant materials based on HPTLC fingerprinting analysis.

Mineralogical and geochemical research on Pengyang deposit: A peculiar eolian sandstone-hosted uranium deposit in the southwest of Ordos Basin

The newly discovered Pengyang uranium prospect area in the southwest of the Ordos Basin is the world's first uranium deposit hosted in eolian sandstone, which overturned the conventional view of uranium mineralization in fluvial-delta sedimentary strata. Uranium ore body occurring as tabular or lens-shaped is hosted in the gray-green reductive eolian sandstone of Lower Cretaceous Luohe Formation at depths ranging from 700 m to 3000 m. The host eolian sandstone is characterized by the typical high angle cross-bedding, wind sand ripple and grainflow strata. In this study, we conducted borehole log, petrographic observation, whole rock geochemistry analysis, geochemical and mineralogical study of uranium occurrence (SEM), element mapping of uranium minerals and in-situ sulfur isotope determination of pyrite by LA-MC-ICP-MS to reveal the uranium enrichment mechanism. The observations by SEM show that the predominant uranium mineral is pitchblende, primarily occurring as aggregates of nano to micro crystals absorbed on amorphous TiO2 or as colloform replacing the detritus Fe-Ti oxide minerals, both demonstrating the excellent absorption property of small particles of anatase. The contents of altered minerals such as chlorite and pyrite in gray-green sandstone increased significantly under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Whole rock geochemistry analysis data of sandstone samples collected in the target layers display the strong positive correlation between U and S. Whereas, in the elements mapping images, uranium enrichments display complete dissociation with pyrite as the uranium contents adjacent to or around the pyrite grains are under detection limit, demonstrating that uranium precipitation likely occurred earlier than the sulfuration of red eolian sandstone. Sulfur isotope of the two morphological types of pyrite are both characterized by a relatively light signature, ranging from − 19.23 to − 27.22 ‰ and from − 21.60 to − 29.64‰ respectively, implying that they are generated from bacterial sulfate reduction in the open systems with an adequate supply of sulfate. Anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria use the hydrocarbon transferred along faults to the sandstone as energy to reduce sulfate (SO42−) to H2S. In addition to the typical vertical red - yellow - gray color zonation, we also observed distinct reverse color zonation of sandstone, which can hardly be interpreted by traditional interlayer-oxidation-zone theory. We attribute the uranium reduction to the encounter of downward penetrating oxygenated groundwater with the upward migrating oil and gas conducted by thrust faults, which are widespread distributed in the west margin of the Ordos Basin. This study gives a new insight into uranium metallogenic mechanism in eolian sandstone and underpins an effective vector for the exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposits in the western of the Ordos Basin.

Клинический случай впервые выявленной в семье мезенхимальной дисплазии радужки

Frank-Kamenetsky syndrome is a rather rare ocular anomaly, which is characterized by hypoplasia of the iris stroma with exposure of its pigment layer and the development of secondary glaucoma, more often in the 2-3rd decade of life. Gonioscopy reveals goniodysgenesis in the form of "dentate" and anterior attachment of the root of the iris of a dirty gray color, as well as the inclusion of mesodermal tissue in the trabecular zone. The severity of the course of glaucoma is determined by the age of onset and is often malignant, gradually leading to blindness. Frank-Kamenetsky syndrome is observed in men and refers to a recessive disease linked to the X chromosome. The article presents a clinical case of mesenchymal iris dysplasia, first identified in a family, similar to the clinical picture of Frank-Kamenetsky syndrome. Previously, retinal pigment degeneration was observed in the male line of the family. Key words: Frank-Kamenetsky syndrome, glaucoma, congenital glaucoma.

Effect of anodized titanium abutment collars on peri-implant soft tissue: A split-mouth clinical study

Statement of problemAnodic oxidation of titanium implant abutment collars has been used to mask their unesthetic grayish color. However, the effect of anodic oxidation on the health and appearance of peri-implant soft tissues is unclear. PurposeThe purpose of this split-mouth clinical study was to investigate the effect of anodized titanium on the health and esthetics of peri-implant soft tissues. Material and methodsA total of 60 osseointegrated implants placed in 30 participants were included in the present study. Each participant received 2 randomly allocated abutments, one with a pink anodized collar and the other with an unanodized one to form 2 groups: unanodized group (control group) and anodized group (experimental group). All implants were restored with lithium disilicate restorations. Evaluations of the peri-implant soft tissues were performed at the time of definitive restoration insertion (baseline) and after 3, 6, 12, and 18 months: peri-implant probing depth, soft tissue recession, modified sulcus bleeding index, modified plaque index, and modified gingival index. The esthetics of peri-implant soft tissues were evaluated by using the modified pink esthetic score. The paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparing the 2 study groups at each point of time depending on the normality of the variables (α=.05). To compare each variable at different time points within each group separately, repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman tests were used according to the normality of the variables, followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons by using the Bonferroni adjusted significance (α=.05). ResultsFive peri-implant soft tissue indices were followed up throughout the study. No statistically significant differences were found among the mean values of the tested indices in the anodized and unanodized groups throughout the evaluation periods (P>.05). The collective mean values of the modified pink esthetic score also showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (P>.05). ConclusionsBased on this split-mouth clinical study, pink anodized titanium abutment collars do not produce a clinically significant effect on the health or esthetics of peri-implant soft tissues.

Effect of introducing manganese as additive on microstructure, hydrogen storage properties and rate limiting step of Ti–Cr alloy

TiCr2 with adding different amount of Mn (0, 2, 4 and 8 wt.%) alloys have been investigated. All alloys have C14-type main phase (gray color in SEM) and Ti minor phase (dark gray color in SEM). Rietveld fitting results proved that the lattice parameter a and cell volume of C14-type phase decreased with increasing Mn content. The first hydrogenation measurement manifest that all alloys have best activation properties and could be activated without any prior heat treatment and hydrogen exposure. However, introducing Mn led to the decrease of the first hydrogen absorption rate of TiCr2 alloy, which may be due to the decrease of cell volume of C14-type main phase. The first hydrogenation properties at low temperature and effect of air exposure of the alloy were discussed. The results showed that the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity at 0 °C was obviously higher than that at room temperature. In addition, TiCr2 alloy doped with minor amounts of Mn after long-time air exposure showed better hydrogenation performance. This may be due to the Mn additive acting as a deoxidizer. Finally, the first hydrogenation kinetic mechanisms of all alloys at different temperature were also studied by using the rate limiting step.

Equine vitiligo-like depigmentation in grey horses is related to genes involved in immune response and tumor metastasis

BackgroundIn horses, the autoimmune disease vitiligo is characterized by the loss of melanocytes and results in patchy depigmentation of the skin around the eyes, muzzle and the perianal region. Vitiligo-like depigmentation occurs predominantly in horses displaying the grey coat colour and is observed at a prevalence level of 26.0–67.0% in grey horses compared with only 0.8–3.5% in non-grey horses. While the polygenetic background of this complex disease is well documented in humans, the underlying candidate genes for this skin disorder in horses remain unknown. In this study we aim to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for identifying putative candidate loci for vitiligo-like depigmentation in horses.MethodsIn the current study, we performed a GWAS analysis using high-density 670 k single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from 152 Lipizzan and 104 Noriker horses, which were phenotyped for vitiligo-like depigmentation by visual inspection. After quality control 376,219 SNPs remained for analyses, the genome-wide Bonferroni corrected significance level was p < 1.33e-7.ResultsWe identified seven candidate genes on four chromosomes (ECA1, ECA13, ECA17, ECA20) putatively involved in vitiligo pathogenesis in grey horses. The highlighted genes PHF11, SETDB2, CARHSP1 and LITAFD, are associated with the innate immune system, while the genes RCBTB1, LITAFD, NUBPL, PTP4A1, play a role in tumor suppression and metastasis. The antagonistic pathogenesis of vitiligo in relation to cancer specific enhanced cell motility and/or metastasis on typical melanoma predilection sites underlines a plausible involvement of RCBTB1, LITAFD, NUBPL, and PTP4A1.ConclusionsThe proposed candidate genes for equine vitiligo-like depigmentation, indicate an antagonistic relation between vitiligo and tumor metastasis in a horse population with higher incidence of melanoma. Further replication and expression studies should lead to a better understanding of this skin disorder in horses.

Colour, emotion, and behavioral intentions in city hotel guestrooms

AbstractThis study explores the effects of colours on people's emotional states and behavioral intentions in a real‐world city hotel guestroom. For this study, blue, yellow, and gray were selected. According to literature, when it is desired to make a change on colour scheme in hotel rooms, the alteration should be applied to secondary colour while keeping the dominant colour constant. Thus, in this study, the alterations of colour scheme are only applied to bedspread and pillows fabrics. As results indicate, blue and yellow are associated with pleasure and arousal, whereas the gray colour evokes displeasure and no arousal. Yellow and blue are found to cause approach behavior in terms of customer loyalty, while the colour gray is found to cause avoidance behavior in city hotel guestrooms. There is a positive relationship between both pleasure and approach behavior and between arousal and approach behavior. The results can be useful for interior architects, designers, and hoteliers who emphasize touching guests' emotions and increasing approach behavior by creating favorable colour schemes. This study combines colour, emotion, and behavioral intentions in hospitality context which plays an essential role in filling gap in the literature about the effects of colour in a hospitality context.

Radiologic imaging findings of pelvic aggressive angiomyxoma correlated with surgical and pathological features

BackgroundAggressive angiomyxoma is an infrequent benign tumor that usually occurs in the pelvic region. Pelvic masses have variety of differential diagnosis but some featured findings should prompt the diagnosis of aggressive angiomyxoma by the radiologist.Case presentationA 40-year-old female patient presented with a two-year history of perineal swelling. Radiological examination including gray scale and color Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was consistent with the diagnosis of aggressive angiomyxoma. The patient underwent surgical operation that ensures total resection of the tumor.ConclusionIn the case of extensive pelvic soft tissue mass with characteristic imaging findings, the radiologists should take the diagnosis of aggressive angiomyxoma into consideration.

Mineral and raw resources and poultry waste to increase soil fertility

The purpose of the work was to analyze the use of mineral resources and poultry waste to increase soil fertility in the Tyumen region. According to statistics for 2020 in Russia 45156,3 tons of waste was generated from agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing and fish farming. On the territory of the Tyumen region 1200 tons of poultry droppings are formed per day. The volume of accumulation is 432,000 tons per year. At the same time, poultry droppings is a source of greenhouse gases, their amount can be: CO₂ – 21,5 million m³, methane – 12,9 million m³ per year. Diatomite is a sedimentary rock consisting of fossilized shells of diatoms, and is a fine powder of gray color. Due to its unique chemical and biological properties, diatomite is widely used in many areas of agriculture as an excellent adsorbent, fertilizer, top dressing for animals and poultry, an environmentally friendly contact insecticide for pest control of grain, fruit and ornamental plants. In order to restore the lost soil fertility in the region (0,6 %, or 2032,2 hectares per year), it is necessary to carry out soil protection measures, as well as the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers (11,7 million tons of organic fertilizers annually for 15 years). The presence of a large amount of mineral resources and poultry droppings in the Tyumen region makes it possible for researchers to develop the composition and technologies for creating organomineral fertilizers. The implementation of the project based on the technology of using modified diatomite and various types of poultry waste will reduce the amount of waste, reduce the hazard class of bird droppings, the environmental burden of poultry farming on the environment, as well as increase the biological safety and productivity of arable land.

Determination of the Firing Temperature and Optimum Ratio of Valorizing Rice Husk Ash, Clear Glass Cullet and Ranong Clay for Developing Ecological Wall Tiles

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of firing temperature and utilizing residue materials on the physical properties and microstructure of the ecological wall tiles. Rice husk ash (RHA), clear glass cullet (CGC), and Ranong clay (RNC) were utilized. Eleven formulations were constructed and divided into two groups with different contents of RHA, at 10% and 20%. After molding by uniaxial pressing at 10 MPa, the tested specimens were fired at temperatures of 950 and 1050ºC, with heating rate of 100ºC/h, and soaked for 1 h. The bending strength of specimens fired at 1050ºC were enhanced by up to 205% compared with specimens fired at 950ºC. Formula B1, fired at 1050oC was optimal for further commercial production. It utilized 20 wt% RHA, 50 wt% CGC, and 30 wt% RNC which met the criteria of the Thai Industrial Standard (TIS) 2508-2555 type BIII. Moreover, the microstructure of specimens was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It revealed that a glassy phase had developed in the high bending strength specimens under the influence of high firing temperature and CGC content. In addition, RHA residue material promoted a greyish color in ceramic bodies. Finally, it can be concluded that the valorization of RHA, CGC, and RNC in the development of ecological wall tiles with white-greyish texture was feasible.

Bi-level perception and color modes. Contrast ratio and complementarity of colors

For the &amp;ldquo;Self&amp;rdquo;, color is a color text, a structure consisting of two elements: internal context (content: tone, saturation, brightness) and external context (conditions under which color actualizes in a situation: lightness, proximity, etc.). Perception of the color is when the content overlays the conditions. The modes of color are revealed depending on the ratio of indicated contexts. There are three color modes: visible, invisible, and colorless. The goal of this article is to describe the color modes, and their correlation with contrast and complementarity of colors, what entails bi-level perception of color. The article employs situational and phenomenological approaches. Visible color for the &amp;ldquo;Self&amp;rdquo; occurs when the internal context completely overlays the external context. Invisible color occurs in the presence of internal context and absence of one or more external factors: no tone, no contrast with background, etc. &amp;ldquo;Colorless&amp;rdquo; mode occurs when the internal context is not fully set in the situation of presence of the external context: no tone, saturation, or brightness. Color in the &amp;ldquo;colorless&amp;rdquo; mode is achromatic. The compatibility of separate colors within the color text leads to the phenomena of complementarity and contrast ratio, which are interrelated with the color modes. There are two levels of color perception: 1) fundamental, i.e. is the perception of achromatic color with gradations from sharply white to pure black; gray color with varying degrees of brightness is present in chromatic colors (as the &amp;ldquo;base&amp;rdquo;); 2) perception of the chromatic colors, founded on the colorless &amp;ldquo;base&amp;rdquo;. Such bi-level perception of color is substantiated by the fact that the consciousness seeks harmony and balance, i.e. minimization of perception of the visual.

Utilization of Garden Cress Seeds Gum and Arabic Gum As Natural Gums in Improving Rheological, Physical and Sensory Properties of Pan Bread الإستفادة من صمغ حب الرشاد والصمغ العربي کصموغ طبيعية في تحسين الصفات الريولوجية والفيزيائية والحسية لخبز القوالب

This study was carried out to examine the utilization of garden cress seeds gum(GCS gum)and Arabic gum in processing pan bread. Rheological properties of dough, physical properties, sensory properties, color parameters, texture profile analysis and bioactive compounds(total phenolics content(TPC)and total flavonoids content(TFC))were determined. Extracted GCS gum and Arabic gum were used to prepare pan bread at the rate of 0.1% GCS gum and 3% Arabic gum.The pan bread samples were prepared by partially replacing the wheat flour by 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30% of garden cress seed flour(GCS flour).Results of farinograph and extensograph indicated that addition of Arabic gum with the concentration of 3% improved stability,elasticity and degree of softness in compare with those of control and GCS gum samples. Also,results of physical properties namely weight,volume, specific volume, density, height and index to volume showed that pan bread samples with GCS and Arabic gum 5% were nearly in the same values with control sample. Results of bioactive compounds also showed that addition of GCS gum and Arabic gum increased the amount of TPC and no significant difference observed in TFC.When, DPPH% assay in all pan bread samples was increased in compared with the control one. All pan bread samples didn't show observed changes up to 5 days of storage under different storage conditions(room and refrigerator temperatures).Spoilage was pointed out by black, gray, brownish yellow and green coloration on the pan bread samples. It is recommended that addition of 0.1% GCS gum and 3% Arabic gum improved pan bread properties.

IoT Based Image Processing Filters

Internet of things (IoT) becomes the backbone of the advanced countries and it has a real contribute to exchange the traditional style or way of practical life, even personal life into smart style, with (IoT) technology the life become more and more easy and professional. internet of things achieves various applications coordinate with sensors and standard protocols to apply what is called machine -to- machine connection (M2M), in this paper we will talk more about the concept of (M2M), the main component of internet of things and finally the common protocols that is used in network, in addition to that this work present an IOT operation with processing system using camera for capturing image and Xilinx system generator(XSG)models for designing image processing algorithms and the result of the processing is an image with black and white for edge detection and Thresholding models and gray color image for gray enhancement model.

IoT Based Image Processing Filters

Internet of things (IoT) becomes the backbone of the advanced countries and it has a real contribute to exchange the traditional style or way of practical life, even personal life into smart style, with (IoT) technology the life become more and more easy and professional. internet of things achieves various applications coordinate with sensors and standard protocols to apply what is called machine -to- machine connection (M2M), in this paper we will talk more about the concept of (M2M), the main component of internet of things and finally the common protocols that is used in network, in addition to that this work present an IOT operation with processing system using camera for capturing image and Xilinx system generator(XSG)models for designing image processing algorithms and the result of the processing is an image with black and white for edge detection and Thresholding models and gray color image for gray enhancement model.