Grave Events Research Articles

Between Holocaust and National Tragedy – The Case of Israel

Thesis. The thesis of the article is to examine the discourse in Israel, which compares the events of the Holocaust in Europe in the twentieth century and the events of October 7, in which the terrorist organization Hamas attacked Israel, murdering, raping and kidnapping hundreds of people. Concept. Regardless of the testimonies, terminology, and discourse in the public, leadership, and academic sphere linking the events of the Holocaust to those of the Swords of Iron war, there is room to inquire whether Holocaust-related concepts and displays can be used in reference to the events of October 7, 2023 in Israel, and to what degree. Do the comparison or similarity between the events result in disparagement or in reducing the enormity of the Holocaust, and to what degree, or do they on the contrary serve to illustrate these events? The study examines journalistic articles, both printed and digital, in several categories: ideology, symbols, and satire. All these were examined in three spheres: in the public-journalistic discourse, in the leadership-political discourse, and in the academic discourse. Results. The study shows that the discourse comparing the events of October 7 and the Holocaust exists both within the Israeli discourse and within the global discourse. Conclusion. In light of the comparison between the grave events, the research findings may have pedagogic and public implications for the narrative of the October 2023 events in Israel.

The heart and the sea: on the lifeblood and elemental folds of Réparer les vivants

ABSTRACT In Katell Quillévéré’s Réparer les vivants (2016), based on Maylis de Kerangal’s best-selling novel, a fatal road accident after a surfing trip leaves Simon Limbres (Gabin Verdet) braindead. His vital organs will be donated, and his heart transplanted into Claire Méjean (Anne Dorval). These grave events shape the film’s narrative arc, with the heart connecting Simon’s death to Claire’s rebirth. Yet this heart transplant film is indebted to a more archaic, elemental connectivity between the heart and the sea, blood and seawater, recognised variously from Galen to René Quinton and beyond. A fusion of the elements of air and water with breath positions the film distinctively in relation to scholarship on the elements and on breathing in film and media studies, inviting its watery bonds to be theorised anew. Engaging with such research before drawing upon Gilles Deleuze’s writings on the fold and film scholarship indebted to his work, this article explores how the film’s narrative is enfolded into tight formal bonds with the elements, air and water in particular. The lifeblood of this film and its affective heart emerge through myriad folds of foaming, curving waves.

MOVEMENT 4. BREATH SIGH TEMPEST: On the Temporal Dimensions of Re‐arrangements

AbstractThe fourth movement explores the temporal relationship between arrangements and re‐arrangements, addressing the question of how an obdurate and ‘sticky’ temporal order may give way to palpable re‐arrangement of the ways in which subjects experience time. Eschewing a concern with linear homogenous time, it addresses the processes of re‐arrangement by understanding the dynamics of grave events, hauntings of the past, subtly changing rhythms of everyday life, and the force of potential futures in synchrony.

THE FEATURES OF DEFENSIVE-COPING BEHAVIOUR CHARACTERISTIC FOR PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING

An achieved sense of life fullness, life filled with meaning due to interactions with the outside world can be described by the concept of psychological well-being. Psychological well-being is a dynamic process depending on many mutually-linked external and internal factors. An experience of subjectively grave events threats greatly personal psychological well-being; but some adaptive constructs, such as defensive-coping behaviour based on the organization of certain optimal strategies, can greatly facilitate the stress and help overcome frustration situations. The defensive-coping behaviour consists of psychological defence mechanisms and coping strategies. The presented empirical study analyses the difference in defensive-coping behaviour characteristic for people with different levels of psychological well-being. The study involved 103 people aged 19 to 65 years, including 45 students of the Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 39 respondents worked in various occupational fields and 9 retired people. We used qualitative and quantitative analysis (discriminatory statistics, such as measures of central tendency, frequency analysis), Student t-test and correlation analysis to process the obtained empirical data. The results show that the intensity of defence mechanisms is higher in the group with low psychological well-being. This indicates that psychological defence of the respondents with low psychological well-being focus to a greater degree on maintenance of a once achieved positive state (or to restore the lost). In this group, adaptation to adverse events occurs through fantasizing and appropriation of the qualities of another person, as well as through the transfer of responsibility for their own inappropriate actions to other people. In the group with high psychological well-being, the mechanisms of intellectualization and denial are more often used, which indicates that logical conclusions help to ease an unfavourable situation and its consequences threatening for personal well-being. On the one hand, this behavioural pattern is less traumatic for an individual’s inner world, but on the other one, it can also be a source of distortion of the surrounding information. Also, the problem-oriented strategies prevail in the structure of defensive-coping behaviour of the respondents with high psychological well-being, for example, such strategies as: positive reappraisal, problem-solving planning, self-control, and distance. Coping behaviour in the group with low psychological well-being is based most often on the escape-avoidance strategy. &nbsp

Periviability: A Review of Key Concepts and Management for Perinatal Nursing.

One of the most complex clinical problems in obstetrics and neonatology is caring for pregnant women at the threshold of viability. Births near viability boundaries are grave events that carry a high prevalence of neonatal death or an increased potential for severe lifelong complications and disabilities among those who survive. Compared with several decades ago, premature infants receiving neonatal care by today's standards have better outcomes than those born in other eras. However, preterm labor at periviability represents a more complex counseling and management challenge. Although preterm birth incidence between 20/7 and 25/7 weeks has remained unchanged, survival rates at earlier gestational ages have increased as perinatal and neonatal specialties have become more adept at caring for this at-risk population. Women face difficult choices about obstetric and neonatal interventions in light of uncertainties around survival and outcomes. This article reviews current neonatal statistics in reference to short- and long-term outcomes, key concepts in obstetric clinical management of an anticipated periviable birth, and counseling guidance to ensure shared-decision making.

Sternal Wound Complications: Objective Reclassification and Surgical Reconsideration.

Sternal wound complications pose a tremendous challenge post-cardiac surgery. There’s no consensus or clear guidelines to deal with them. We propose that simple and more objective classification helps to organize the range of sternal wound complications and suggest a relevant treatment strategy. One-hundred-sixteen cases of sternal wound complications retrospectively were reviewed out of 2,391 adult patients, who underwent full sternotomy during cardiac surgery from 2006 to 2018. Eighty-six cases conservatively were managed and the remaining 30 cases required surgical intervention. More objective classification was proposed and less invasive fasciocutaneous flap was considered for nearly all reconstructive procedures. The incidence of sternal wound complications was 4.8%. Conservative management was adopted for 86 cases, mean duration was 11.19 ± 9.8 days. Surgical management was performed in 30 patients (25.86%); 28 (93.3%) of whom recovered with good outcomes with less invasive fasciocutaneous flap done for 13 cases. Two cases had recurrence; one conservatively was managed and other was reoperated and healed well. The most common organisms in recurrent infections were N. coagulase (29.8%), Klebsiella (12.5%), pseudomonas (10.5%), and MRSA (10.5%). We had 4 mortalities. None of the mortalities were related to sternal wound complications; one was related to the cardiac surgery. Sternal wound complications are grave events. Objective classification and proper management selection will gain better outcomes.

Fatal heat stroke in children found in parked cars: autopsy findings.

A common and unfortunate cause for heat stroke-related deaths in children is entrapment in closed vehicles. The aim of this study was to analyze the pathological consequences of such grave events. Autopsy reports of all children that were brought to a national forensic medicine center after being found dead in closed vehicles over a 21-year period (1995-2015) were reviewed. Data extracted were the circumstances of the events, child age, sex, height and weight, time, date and duration of entrapment, and environmental temperatures at the time of entrapment and the autopsy findings. Eight deceased children were brought to the forensic medicine center for autopsy, and seven families consented to the procedure. Autopsy findings included diffuse petechiae and hemorrhages of serosal membranes (n = 7/7) and lung congestion (n = 3/7). Typical autopsy findings following classical heat stroke in children include diffuse petechiae and hemorrhages and lung involvement. These findings are similar to those reported in adults that had died following exertional heat stroke-a very different mechanism of heat accumulation. Prevention of future events can possibly be obtained by public education on the rapid heating of closed vehicles, the vulnerability of children to heat, and the caregiver role in child entrapment. • A common and unfortunate cause for heat stroke-related deaths in children is entrapment in closed vehicles. The pathological consequences of such grave events have not been previously reported. What is New: • This study is the first to describe autopsy findings from children who were found dead in parked cars. • Autopsy findings included diffuse petechiae hemorrhages of serosal membranes and lung congestion. • These findings are identical to those seen in adults following exertional heat stroke.

Rosenzweig picture-frustration test modification for a study of emotion regulation strategies among the patients with stress-induced hypertension

IntroductionEmotion regulation (ER) efficiency dwells among the most pressing issues of contemporary psychology and psychiatry. Further development of the methods of reliable assessments for ER makes it the task of current importance.ObjectiveTo modify Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test for the study of ER in health and in disease.MethodsIn the initial stage of testing participants had to look through a succession of Rosenzweig's pictures, and select potentially traumatizing situations.In the second stage they answered the following questions:– what would you say in this particular situation?– what would you have in mind, saying this?– could you think of an answer that would taper down the traumatizing character of the situation in your own perception? (Zinchenko, Pervichko, 2014).A total of 85 patients with stress-induced hypertension (mean age was 45.9 ± 2.8) and 82 healthy subjects (mean age was 44.9 ± 3.1) took part in the study.ResultsWe came to distinguish among four classes of ER strategies: internal, cognitively non-mediated; internal, cognitively transforming; external, cognitively non-mediated; and external, cognitively transforming (Pervichko, 2015). Hypertensive patients significantly more frequently than healthy subjects reveal wider set of emotionally grave events (19.8% vs 11.2%, P < 0.001), they are more prone to rumination, disasterization (19.0% vs 11.1%, P < 0.001) and suppression in display of their emotions (31.9% vs 20.2%, P < 0.001). The patients will seldom employ the strategy of interactive subject–subject transformations; their capability to actualize new meanings in traumatic situations is diminished.ConclusionsApplication of the described modification of Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test allows to distinguish and classify various ER strategies, and to demonstrate peculiarities in ER related behaviour of hypertensive patients as opposed to healthy subjects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Natural Disasters and Armed Conflict

As the year 2015 comes to a close, we look back on the grave events that have transpired: the earthquake in Nepal, the ongoing migrant crisis in Europe, the terrorist attacks in Paris, and so many more. The consequences of incidents such as these are hardly ever contained within the borders of the affected countries. On the contrary, when natural disasters and international conflicts occur, it is as if the whole world feels the shock. And of course, with every instance of cataclysmic weather, outbreak of war, or horrifying accident that occurs, the lives of humans all over the world are put at risk. That is why we at the Journal of Global Health seek to highlight how these calamities have affected global health in the immediate past.

My dear Mr. Stalin: the complete correspondence between Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph V. Stalin

My Dear Mr. Stalin is the first publication that contains the complete correspondence between Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph V. Stalin. This collection of more than three hundred hot-war messages, never before fully available in any language, is an invaluable primary source for understanding the relationship that developed between these two great world leaders during a time of supreme world crisis. The correspondence, secret at the time, begins with a letter Roosevelt wrote to Stalin offering aid to the Soviet Union following Hitler's surprise attack in 1941. It ends with a message that was an attempt to minimize the differences between the two leaders, approved by Roosevelt only minutes before his death in 1945. The book traces the evolution of their unique relationship, revealing the statesmanship of the two men and their thinking about the grave events of their time. An informative introduction to the volume and generous annotations set the letters in context.

Grave events.

Grave events.

Opposition et dissidence traditionalistes dans l'Église orthodoxe en URSS

Bernard Marchadier, Traditionalist opposition and dissidence in the Orthodox Church in USSR. The present article summarizes briefly the grave events that affected the hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox Church in the years that followed October 1917. It then proceeds to examine the different schisms originating from these disturbances : the "Josephian" schism at the end of the 1920's, "The True Orthodox Church," then, before the second World War, "The True Christian Orthodox." The doctrine, the cult and the way of life of the latter are described in contrast with those of the Old Believers. Finally the article recounts the struggle of Orthodox dissidents that appeared during the 1960's, situating it within the Russian history and the context of the present USSR, endeavouring also to bring into focus the principal lines of the traditionalist religious dissidence in the country.