Dispositional Gratitude Research Articles

Meditative Prayer and Intercultural Competence: Empirical Test of a Differentiation-Based Model

The present study involved the examination of a theoretical model of the relationship between meditative prayer and intercultural competence with dispositional gratitude and differentiation of self as mediator variables. Results supported the proposed model. A significant total indirect effect was observed between meditative prayer and intercultural competence. Significant specific indirect effects were observed between meditative prayer and intercultural competence with differentiation of self as the mediator, and through both gratitude and differentiation of self in a multiple-mediated association. Discussion focused on the construct of meditative prayer as a mindfulness practice and the unifying mechanisms among variables within the proposed model.

교사용 칭찬성향 검사도구 개발 및 타당화 검증

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a teacher`s praise dispositions scale(TPDS). On the basis of a literature review of praise, we developed 19 Likert-type items to measure praise dispositions of elementary and secondary school teachers. The developed scale was examined with 342 teachers. With an exploratory factor analysis we extracted 3 sub-factors of the scale consisted of 16 items; frequency, intention, and standard of praise. Cronbach`s coefficients of sub-scales were from .60 to .85 and split-half reliabilities were from .60 to .84. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the suitability of three components model. It was found that some correlation coefficients, not all of them, between gratitude disposition and praise disposition were statistically significant. It suggested that teachers`praise disposition scale is related to gratitude disposition but is not the same scale. In conclusion, TPDS could be used to measure praise dispositions of teachers. However, for further validity and reliability, repeated research is necessary.

How Gratitude Relates to Burnout and Job Satisfaction in Mental Health Professionals

This study investigated how gratitude relates to burnout and job satisfaction in mental health professionals. Sixty-five mental health professionals (counselors, case managers, clinical administrators/supervisors, employment/housing specialists, social workers, psychologists) completed questionnaires assessing demographics, job context variables, hope, gratitude, burnout, and job satisfaction. Consistent with hypotheses, workplace-specific gratitude predicted emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and job satisfaction after controlling for demographic/job contextual variables, hope, and dispositional gratitude. In addition, dispositional gratitude predicted personal accomplishment after controlling for demographic/job contextual variables but not after controlling for hope. Implications for counselors and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Examining the pathways between gratitude and self-rated physical health across adulthood

The current study examined whether dispositional gratitude predicts physical health among adults, and if so, whether this relationship occurs because grateful individuals lead healthier lives, either psychologically or physically. Specifically, we examined whether psychological health, healthy activities, and willingness to seek help for health concerns mediated the link between gratitude and self-reported physical health, as well as if these mediational pathways are moderated by age, in a broad sample of Swiss adults (N=962, Mage=52years, age range: 19–84). Dispositional gratitude correlated positively with self-reported physical health, and this link was mediated by psychological health, healthy activities, and willingness to seek help for health concerns. However, the indirect effects for psychological health and healthy activities were stronger for older than younger adults. In other words, the mechanisms explaining why gratitude predicts health appear to differ across adulthood.

Ethical Leadership and Gratitude During Organizational Change

We explore ethical leadership in the context of organizational change by introducing a model of the moderating role of dispositional gratitude representing moral affect in the relationship between ...

Predicting Job Satisfaction: Contributions of Individual Gratitude and Institutionalized Gratitude

This study examined the role that employee perceptions of dispositional gratitude, state gratitude and institutionalized gratitude had upon job satisfaction. Employees (n = 171) completed measures of dispositional, state and institutionalized gratitude together with job satisfaction. Multiple Hierarchical Regression showed that state gratitude and institutional gratitude uniquely predict job satisfaction. The results have implications for the fields of positive organizational scholarship and positive organizational behavior and suggest that workplaces aiming to increase job satisfaction can do so through organizationally-based gratitude interventions and by institutionalizing gratitude into workplace culture.

Being Grateful: Does it Bring Us Closer? Gratitude, Attachment and Intimacy in Romantic Relationships

AbstractTo date, little is known about the function of gratitude in romantic relationships. Being grateful has been demonstrated to provide a number of positive benefits for individuals; however, few studies have explored how grateful experiences may be beneficial in enhancing romantic relationships. This study explored the extent to which adult attachment moderates the relationship between dispositional gratitude and the experience of intimacy within romantic relationships. A greater disposition toward gratitude was expected to result in more frequent experiences of gratitude. It was also anticipated that experiences of gratitude would be associated with feelings of closeness. Participants (n= 156) were required to be currently in a relationship of at least six months duration and completed a series of questionnaires assessing dispositional gratitude, attachment and emotional intimacy. Moderation analysis revealed that although a positive, weak correlation existed between dispositional gratitude and intimacy, attachment did not moderate this association. It was concluded that further investigation of the experience of gratitude is necessary to understand the function of gratitude in romantic relationships. Methods focusing on specific experiences of gratitude in romantic relationships, and the associated feelings of closeness experienced by each partner, may yield more conclusive findings and may provide support for therapeutic approaches focused on enhancing closeness between couples by increasing experiences of gratitude.

간호대학생의 주관적 행복감에 영향을 미치는 요인

본 연구는 간호대학생의 주관적 행복감 정도를 알아보고, 아울러 간호대학생의 주관적 행복감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하여 간호대학생의 주관적 행복감 증진을 위한 구체적인 중재 방안을 마련하기 위해 시행되었다. 대상자는 385명의 간호대학생이었고, 자료는 일반적 특성과 긍정적 정서, 감사 성향, 몰입, 자아존중감 및 주관적 행복감으로 구성된 자가보고 질문지로 수집되었다. 자료분석은 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하였다. 연구 결과, 간호대학생의 주관적 행복감에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 감사 성향, 자아존중감, 몰입, 신체적 건강상태, 긍정적 정서 및 경제상태 순이었으며, 이들 요인들은 주관적 행복감을 49.4% 설명하였다. 간호대학생의 주관적 행복감에 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 감사성향, 자아존중감 및 몰입의 순이었다. 결론적으로 간호대학생의 주관적 행복감 증진을 위해서는 감사성향, 자아존중감 및 몰입을 높일 수 있는 중재 방안을 개발하고 적용하도록 노력해야 할 것이다. The purposes of this study were to identify the significant predictors of subjective happiness for nursing students. The subjects consisted of 385 nursing students. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, which were constructed to include positive emotion, gratitude disposition, flow, self-esteem, and subjective happiness. The data were analyzed by the PASW. 18.0 program. The significant predictors of subjective happiness for nursing students were gratitude disposition, self-esteem, flow, physical health status, positive emotion, and economic status, explaining 49.4% of the variance in subjective happiness. The most important predictors of subjective happiness for nursing students were gratitude disposition, self-esteem, and flow. The findings of this study suggest that the approach to effective happiness promotion program for nursing students should consider gratitude disposition, self-esteem, and flow.

Development and Validation of Gratitude Disposition Scale

Development and Validation of Gratitude Disposition Scale

Gratitude, gratitude intervention and subjective well‐being among Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong

This study assessed the dispositional gratitude and its relationships with orientations to happiness and burnout in a sample of 96 Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong and investigated the effectiveness of an eight‐week gratitude intervention programme using a pre‐test/post‐test design with outcome measures of subjective well‐being in the same sample of teachers. The results indicated that the dispositional gratitude of teachers correlated substantially and positively with a meaningful life orientation to happiness and with personal accomplishment, and correlated substantially and negatively with the two negative components of burnout: emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. The effects of the gratitude intervention were evident in the increase in scores on satisfaction with life and on positive affect, especially for teachers in the low‐gratitude group. Implications of the findings on the relationships between gratitude and burnout and the effectiveness of gratitude intervention for teachers of different levels of dispositional gratitude are discussed.

Influence of Gratitude perception on self-focused attention and depression: gratitude disposition and gratitude treatment

Influence of Gratitude perception on self-focused attention and depression: gratitude disposition and gratitude treatment

Validation of the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ) in Taiwanese Undergraduate Students

The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ; McCullough et al. 2002) using Taiwanese undergraduate students. A total of 608 college students (Mage = 20.19, SD = 2.08) were recruited for the current study and they completed the GQ, optimism, happiness, and big five personality questionnaires. Confirmation factor analysis indicated that a five item model was a better fit than the original six item model. Cross-validation also supported the modified Chinese version of the GQ. In addition, the Chinese version of the GQ was, as expected, positively correlated with optimism, happiness, agreeableness, and extraversion, which supported its construct validity. The Cronbach’s α was .80 for the Chinese version of the GQ, indicating satisfactory validity and reliability in a Taiwanese student sample. It was concluded that the Chinese version of the GQ would be useful for assessing individual differences in dispositional gratitude.

The Effect of Keeping an Appreciation Journal on Subjective Well-Being, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, Gratitude Disposition, and Physical/Mental Health.

The Effect of Keeping an Appreciation Journal on Subjective Well-Being, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, Gratitude Disposition, and Physical/Mental Health.

Gratitude and Adolescent Athletes’ Well-Being

Two cross-sectional studies were conducted to examine the relationships between gratitude and athletes’ well-being. Study 1 examines the relationship between dispositional gratitude and well-being, while Study 2 investigates the relationship between sport-domain gratitude and well-being. In Study 1, 169 Taiwanese senior high school athletes (M = 16.43, SD = 0.7 years) were administered the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ; McCullough et al. 2002, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(1), 112–127), Team Satisfaction Scale (Walling et al. 1993, Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 15, 172–183), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al. 1985, Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75), and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ; Raedeke and Smith, 2001, Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 23(4), 281–306). In Study 2, a separate sample of 265 adolescent athletes (M = 16.47 years, SD = 0.7) were administered the modified Sport-domain GQ, Team Satisfaction Scale, and ABQ. Study 1 results showed that dispositional gratitude positively predicts team satisfaction and life satisfaction, and negatively predicts athlete burnout. Findings from Study 2 revealed that sport-domain gratitude positively predicts team satisfaction and negatively predicts athlete burnout. A stronger gratitude and well-being relationship was observed in Study 2. This research provides the initial verification that gratitude and adolescent athletes’ well-being are related. Possible mechanism of this relation, limitations, and practical implications are discussed.

Coping Style as a Psychological Resource of Grateful People

We examined whether gratitude was correlated with distinct coping styles, and whether coping styles mediated the relationship between gratitude and well–being. Participants (n = 236) completed measures of coping styles, dispositional gratitude, and measures of well–being. Gratitude correlated positively with seeking both emotional and instrumental social support, positive reinterpretation and growth, active coping, and planning. Gratitude correlated negatively with behavioural disengagement, self–blame, substance use, and denial. Coping styles mediated up to 51% of the relationship between gratitude and stress, but did not substantially mediate the relationship between gratitude and either happiness, depression, or satisfaction with life. We suggest that different mechanisms relate gratitude to separate aspects of well–being. Further research is indicated into the role of gratitude in social support processes, and in growth following adversity.

Gratitude and hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in Vietnam war veterans

Little information exists on the contribution of psychological strengths to well-being in persons with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data from other populations suggest that gratitude, defined as the positive experience of thankfulness for being the recipient of personal benefits, may have salutary effects on everyday functioning. We investigated whether dispositional gratitude predicted daily hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in combat veterans with and without PTSD. We also examined associations between daily gratitude and daily well-being across time. Veterans with PTSD, compared to those without PTSD, exhibited significantly lower dispositional gratitude; no differences were found on daily gratitude. Dispositional gratitude predicted greater daily positive affect, percentage of pleasant days over the assessment period, daily intrinsically motivating activity, and daily self-esteem over and above effects attributable to PTSD severity and dispositional negative and positive affect in the PTSD group but not the non-PTSD group. Daily gratitude was uniquely associated with each dimension of daily well-being in both groups. Although preliminary, these results provide support for the further investigation of gratitude in trauma survivors.

GRATITUDE AND HAPPINESS: DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASURE OF GRATITUDE, AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING

The purpose of these studies was to develop a valid measure of trait gratitude, and to evaluate the relationship of gratitude to subjective well-being (SWB). Four studies were conducted evaluating the reliability and validity of the Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Test (GRAT), a measure of dispositional gratitude. This measure was shown to have good internal consistency and temporal stability. The GRAT was shown to relate positively to various measures of SWB. In two experiments, it was shown that grateful thinking improved mood, and results also supported the predictive validity of the GRAT. These studies support the theory that gratitude is an affective trait important to SWB.